AP Psych Final Module 1-80

Which of the following studies has had the most profound impact on ethical issues in psychological research?

Stanley Milgram's study of obedience

A study can be regarded as scientific only if

its conclusions can be verified or refuted by subsequent studies

Schachter-Singer Theory

A theory of emotion that states that both physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal must occur before an emotion is consciously experienced.

A double-blind control is essential for which of the following?

Assessment of a treatment designed to reduce schizophrenic symptoms

Drawing a random sample of people from a town for an interview study of social attitudes ensures that

Drawing a random sample of people from a town for an interview study of social attitudes ensures that

In the James-Lange theory of emotion, which of the following immediately precedes an emotion?

Experience of physiological changes

Leo and Caitlin are both experiencing feelings about their date tonight. Leo has had bad dates lately, and so he feels fear and dejection. Caitlin, meanwhile, has had very good dates, and so she feels excited and happy. According to Richard Lazarus' appraisal theory,

Leo and Caitlin have an immediate unconscious interpretation of the scenario, which leads them to simultaneously both label their feelings as either positive or negative and have the appropriate physiological response

The correlation between two measures obtained on a group of individuals is graphically represented as a

Scatterplot

n given a drug that produced general arousal, research participants placed in a room with a happy confederate described their tional state as happy, while those placed in a room with an angry confederate described their emotional state as angry. Which theory notion best explains these results?

Schachter-Singer

An instructor conducted an experiment to determine the effects of two different methods of study on the amount students learned in introductory physics. The results showed that the average amount learned by the group using one method was greater than the average amount learned by the group using the other. However, the difference was not statistically significant. Which of the following is the most appropriate conclusion to be drawn?

There is a possibility that the difference between the two groups occurred by chance

Stanley Schachter's explanation of emotions places emphasis on

a cognitive appraisal of physiological arousal

The debate over whether development occurs gradually, without discernible shifts, or through a series of distinct stages is termed

continuity vs. discontinuity

In experimental psychology, a significant difference refers to a

difference not likely due to chance

Cognitive theorists emphasize the

formation and modification of schemas

A survey shows that children who have encyclopedias in their homes earn better grades in sckool than children whose homes lach encyclopedias. The researcher concludes that having encyclopedias at home improves grades. This conclusion is erroneous prima because the researcher has incorrectly

inferred causation from correlation

The mean will be higher than the median in any distribution that

is positively skewed

In studying the behavior of five year olds in freeplay situations, a cognitive psychologist would be most interested in the children's

problem-solving strategies

Researchers conduct a study in which university students are asked to solve puzzles, a task that all students in the experiment report enjoying before the study. They split the students into two groups: a group that is paid money for doing the puzzles, and a group that is not. The researchers then observe how often students in each group complete puzzles during their break time when they are allowed to do whatever they want. Assuming that their results are consistent with previous findings, the researchers are most likely to find that

the independent variable--whether or not the students receive money for doing puzzles-has a significant effect, such that students in the paid group spend less time doing puzzles during their break time