ap psych intelligence

According to the Stanford-Binet formula for an intelligence quotient (IQ), the IQ of a ten-year-old child with a mental age of eight and a half years is

85

All of the following are reasons for requiring clearly specified procedures for the administration and scoring of assessment measures, such as standardized tests, EXCEPT to

decrease the amount of time needed to administer the test

A researcher interested in finding a simple way to estimate intelligence decides to evaluate skull circumference as a possible indicator of intelligence. He finds that the size of an adult's skull remains the same from one measurementto the next, but he finds that skull circumference is not a very good predictor of intelligence. In this example, skull circumference as a measure of intelligence is

reliable but not valid

The ratio of mental age to chronological age for a child of average intelligence is

1:1

In a normal distribution of test scores, the percentage of scores that fall at or below the mean score is

50

A psychologist has just developed a new test that he hopes will be a good measure of intelligence. At the surface level, the questions appear to be the types of puzzles and problems that would provide an intellectual challenge and give insight into someone's intellectual abilities. Unfortunately, when he distributes the test to a classroom of college students, it does not appear to perform similarly to existing measures of intelligence. The test does not predict student GPAs and in fact is better at predicting performance on a measure of anxiety than intelligence. Which of the following characteristics does the new intelligence test possess?

Face validity, because the test looks like it should measure intelligence.

Which of the following methods is used in studies designed to determine the primary components of intelligence?

Factor analysis

The component of intelligence described by Raymond Cattell as involving the ability to understand logical relationships, reason abstractly, and learn quickly is related to which of the following?

Fluid intelligence

General intelligence test scores obtained during adolescence best predict which of the following?

Grades in school

Martin has been heavily influenced by the work of Lewis Terman. Which of the following perspectives on intelligence would Martin most likely have?

Intelligence is primarily a biologically based capacity.

The Flynn effect is best illustrated by which of the following statements?

Intelligence scores increase from generation to generation.

Ms. Reagan, who is a teacher, agrees more with Howard Gardner's theory of intelligence than Charles Spearman's theory of intelligence. Which of the following scenarios would she most agree with?

Ms. Reagan thinks that her students exhibit more than one type of intelligence. For example, she notices her student Noel plays well with others as well as alone.

Which of the following types of validity is established by demonstrating that there is a correlation between scores on a test and later academic performance?

Predictive

Michael, who has an IQ of 60, is able to do complex calculations in his head, regardless of the size of the numbers. When he is with his family and friends, he does not engage socially; he focuses on his numerical calculations. Which of the following best describes these characteristics?

Savant syndrome

Barbara is a talented architect. On which type of intelligence will she most heavily rely to complete her next building design?

Spatial

On an intelligence test, the number of questions an individual answers correctly is meaningless without which of the following?

Standardization

The data shown in the above graph depict which of the following?

The Flynn effect

Dr. Sosa administers the first exam to all his introductory psychology students, which amounts to 250 students total. The mean for the first exam was 75%. The grades for Dr. Sosa's classes are distributed as shown below.

The distribution is positively skewed.

The Psychology Aptitude Test (PAT) was administered to incoming college psychology majors. Their scores were later compared to their performance in the introductory psychology course, and high scores on the PAT were related to high grades in the course. Therefore, the PAT has

The performance of the group on which an IQ test is standardized sets the

Which of the following is the best example of fluid intelligence?

Using cubes to figure out the solution to a previously unseen puzzle

Charles Spearman's concept of g is most accurately defined as

a single, underlying intellectual capacity measured by intelligence tests

Average IQ scores have increased steadily over the past 100 years. It has been argued that this effect is most likely due to

an increase in the average number of years in school

A test that is valid must

be reliable

The intelligence quotient (IQ) has traditionally been based on the relationship between an individual's mental age and his or her

chronological age

A teacher creates a test that will predict how well a student will do as a commercial airline pilot. The test is taken before the training, and then the teacher correlates the test score to the number of safe flying hours. The teacher is trying to determine whether the test has

criterion-related validity

A normally functioning 65-year-old who cannot solve abstract logic puzzles as quickly as he did when he was younger is experiencing a

decrease in his fluid intelligence

A female student was rejected by a college because her score on a test used by the college to predict performance there was below the college's cutoff score. An influential alumnus of the college intervened on the student's behalf and the student was admitted. Four years later the student graduated with honors. The most likely explanation of this outcome is that the test

had less than perfect validity

A disadvantage of using Alfred Binet's concept of mental age in assessing intelligence is that

it is inappropriate for adults

A standardized test must have all of the following EXCEPT

multiple-choice questions

Alfred Binet's efforts to measure intelligence were directed at

predicting children's success in school

A test is administered to 1,000 fourth graders across the country, and then it is readministered to the same children 90 days later. The test-retest results will yield an evaluation of the test's

reliability

The correlation between scores obtained on two halves of a single test yields information about the test's

reliability

Henry took an intelligence test and scored lower than he thought he should. He kept retaking the test, but he kept getting about the same score each time. This series of events indicates that the test was

reliable

If students get approximately the same score on the second administration of a test as they did on the first, then the test is

reliable

On individual intelligence tests such as the Stanford-Binet and Wechsler scales, an IQ of 100 indicates that the test taker

scored at the average level for test takers of the same age

A student who obtained a percentile rank of 75 on an achievement test is best characterized as having

scored higher than 75% of the test takers

A student's test score of 86 is at the 42nd percentile. This means that this student has

scored the same as or higher than 42 percent of her fellow students

Malik completed a personality test in January, again in May, and once more in September. His three scores were very similar to one another. This similarity suggests that the test has

test-retest reliability

Research on stereotype threat indicates that students might not do as well as they can on a test if

they are informed that people of their ethnicity, age, or gender usually do not perform well on the tests

Which of the following types of test is designed to measure an individual's knowledge of a subject?

Achievement

Colleen received a score of 100 on an IQ test. The mean for the test is 100 and the standard deviation is 15. Assume the test had a normal distribution of scores. Colleen's score on the test was equal to or greater than the scores of what percent of people?

50

A large group takes a standardized test and the scores produce a normal distribution. The mean score is 50 with a standard deviation of 8. Mary's score is 59. Approximately what percentage of students achieved a lower score than Mary?

84

Which of the following graphs shows the most desirable test-retest correlation?

A

Which of the following examples best illustrates the defense mechanism of regression?

After failing an exam, a college student has a temper tantrum and tears up his books and notes.

Which of the following types of intelligence constitute Robert Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

Analytical, creative, practical

Which of the following refers to the potential of an individual to perform an as-yet-unlearned task?

Aptitude

Dr. Porter is studying the effectiveness of two intervention programs to improve the outcomes of children who have an intellectual disability. Which of the following groups of children should she include in her study?

Children who have an IQ between 50 and 69

Dr. Kucinski developed an English aptitude test to give to students who wish to register for his advanced English course. Which of the following is the best way to determine if his test has predictive validity?

Comparing students' scores on the test with their final grades in his class

Which of the following psychometric properties is used to assess the extent to which the items on an intelligence test measure a person's intelligence?

Construct validity

Which of the following results of correlational studies implies that environment contributes to the determination of IQ?

Correlations for children and their adoptive parents are statistically significant and positive.

Which of the following types of intelligence would be most important in answering trivia questions?

Crystallized

Which of the following is the most appropriate criterion for evaluating the predictive validity of an intelligence test?

School grades

A test that is labeled an achievement test is most likely to be given to

allow a student to be exempted from a college course

The Flynn effect refers to the

rise in average IQ scores over time