AP Psych Test Questions( feel free to help a girl out!!!)

The case study is a research method in which: a. a single individual is studies in great depth b. a representative sample of people are questioned regarding thei ropinions or behaviors c. organisms are carefully observed in a lab environment d. an investigator manipulates one or more variables that might affect behavior

a. a single individual is studied in great depth

Functionalism was a school of psychology that focused attention on the... a. adaptive value of conscious thought b. component elements of sensory experience c. disruptive effects of unconscious motives d. treatment of psychological disorders

a. adaptive value of conscious thought

which of the following is a statisical measure of both the direction and the strength of a relationship between two variables a. correlation coefficient b. standard deviation c. range d. mean

a. correlation coefficient

Thinking that she had outperformed most of her classmates, Glenda was surprised to receive just an average grade on her psychology test. Glenda's experience best illustrates... a. overconfidence b. the hindsight bias c. the placebo effect d. negative correlation e. illusory correlation

a. overconfidence

in order to learn about the TV viewing haits of all the children attending Oakbridge school, Professor DeVries randomly selected and interviewed 50 of the school's students. In this instance, all the children attending the school are considered to be an... a. population b. representative sample c. case study d. independent variable e. control condition

a. population

Which technique involves repeating the essence of an earlier research study with different participants and in different circumstances? a. replication b. correlational research c. random sampling d. naturalistic observation e. random assignment

a. replication

illusory correlation refers to: a. the perception of a relationship between to variables that does not actually exist b. a correlation that exceeds the value of +1.00 c. a cluster of points on a scatterplot that suggests a correlation between two variables d. a correlation that is not statistically significant

a. the perception of a relationship between to variables that does not actually exist

the difference between the highest and lowest scores in a distribution is the: a. mean b. range c. median d.standard deviation e. percentile rank

b. range

in order to determine whether the of people's self-esteem is related to their income levels, researchers would most likely make use of... a. case studies b. correlational research c. experimentation d. naturalistic observations

b. correlational studies

a statistically significant difference between two sample groups is not likely to be: a. a reflection of difference between the populations they represent b. due to the chance variation within and between the sample groups c. observed more than 5% of the time that suggests a correlation between two variables d. observed when the two groups are very large

b. due to the chance variation within and between the sample groups

in a psychological experiment, the potentially casual factor that is manipulated by the investigator is called the __________ variable a. dependent b. independent c. control d. experimental

b. independent

The self-reflective observation of one's own sensations and feelings is called... a. clinical psychology b. introspection c. spaced practice d. pragmatism

b. introspection

Which philosopher is most well known for theorizing that the mind at birth is tabula rasa or a "blank slate"? a. plato b. john locke c. immanuel kant d. rene descartes e. aristole

b. john locke

Professor Ober carefully monitors and records the behaviors of children in their classrooms in order to track the development of their social and intellectual skills. Professor Ober is most clearly engaged in: a. survey research b. naturalistic observation c. experimentation d. replication

b. naturalistic observation

If psychologists discovered that wealthy people are less satisfied with their marriages than poor people are, this would indicate that wealth and marital satisfaction are: a. causally related b. negativley related c. independent variables d. dependent variables e. positivley correlated

b. negativley correlated

in order to represent graphically the correlation between two variables, researchers often construct a: a. skewed distribution b. scatterplot c. standard deviation d. bar graph

b. scatterplot

In which type of research is a representative, random sample of people asked to answer questions about their behaviors or attitudes? a. experimentation b. the survey c. the case study d. naturalistic observation

b. the survey

Surveys indicate that people are much less likely to support "welfare" than "aid to the needy." These somewhat paradoxical survey results best illustrate the importance of... a. random sampling b. wording effects c. the placebo effect d. naturalistic observation e. hindsight bias

b. wording effects

Researchers use experiments rather than other research methods in order to distinguish between: a. facts and theories b. causes and effects c. cases studies and surveys d. random samples and representative samples

b.causes and effects

Psychologists who carefully watch the behavior of chimpanzee societies in the jungle are using a research method known as: a. the survey b. experimentation c. naturalistic observation d. the case study e. random smapling

c. naturalistic observation

in order to study the effect of loud noise on worker productivity, Dr. McDuffee had one group of research participants work in a noist room and a second group work in a quiet room. those who worked in the quiet room were exposed to the __________ condition a. experimental b. survey c. control d. correlational

c. control

who used the method of introspection to scientifically identify basic elements of the mind? a. aristole b. john locke c. edward titchener d. john watson

c. edward titchener

which of the following is a measure of the degree of variation among a set of events? a. mean b. scatterplot c. standard deviation d. normal distribution e. correlation coefficient

c. standard deviation

which research method provides the best way of assessing whether cigarette smoking boosts mental alertness? a. the case study b. the survey c. naturalistic observation d. the experiment

d. the experiment

a correlation between physical attractiveness and dating frequency of +.60 would indicate that... a. physical attractiveness has no causal influence on dating frequency b. more frequent dating is associated with lower levels of physical attractiveness c. it is impossible to predict levels of physical attractiveness based on knowledge of dating frequency d. less frequent dating is associated with lower levels of physical attractiveness

d. less frequent dating is associated with lower levels of physical attractiveness

in its early years, psychology focused on the study of ______________, but from the 1920s into the 1960s, American psychologists, emphasized the study of ______________ a. environmental influences; hereditary influences b. maladaptive behavior; adaptive behavior c. unconscious motives; conscious thoughts and feelings d. mental processes; observable behavior

d. mental processes; observable behavior

Efforts to discover whether the intelligence of children is more heavily influenced by their genetic dispositions or by their home environments are most directly relevant to the debate regarding. a. structuralism versus functionalism b. rationality versus irrationality c. observation versus introspection d. nature versus nurture

d. nature versus nurture

Wilhem Wundt's laboratory work involved experimental studies of... a. animal intelligence b. personality development c.learning and memory d. reactions to sensory stimulation e. association and generalization

d. reactions to sensory stimulation

edward titchener is to __________ as william james is to ______ a. strutrualism; behaviorism b. behaviorism; functionalism c. functionalism; behaviorism d. structuralism; functionalism

d. structuralims; functionalism

Several weeks after a political election, voters often exaggerate their ability to have predicted the election outcome. This best illustrates: a. the placebo effect b. the false consensus effect c. illusory correlation d. the hindsight bias

d. the hindsight bias

compared with the structuralists, early behaviorists were much less likely to focus on the study of: a. smiling b. screaming c. fighting d. thinking

d. thinking

Participants in an experiment are said to be blind if they are uninformed about: a. what experimental hypothesis is being tested b. whether the experimental findings will be statistically correct c. how the dependent variable is measured d. which experimental treatment, if any, they are receiving

d. which experimental treatment, if any, they are receiving

in order to assess reactions to a proposed tuition hike at her college, Ariana sent a questionnaire to every fifteenth person in the college registrar's alphabetical listing of all currently enrolled students. Ariana employed the technique of: a. random sampling b. naturalistic observation c. replication d. correlation e. random sampling

e. random sampling