AP Psych Unit 1 test

Which of the following is the strongest correlation?

-.90

The numbers below represent the quiz results for a psychology class. What is the median score for the class?

5

Researchers have found a negative correlation between income and dental problems. What conclusion can be drawn from this statement?

As income increases, the likelihood of dental problems decreases.

A double-blind control is essential for which of the following?

Assessment of a treatment designed to reduce schizophrenic symptoms

An important difference between humanistic and psychoanalytic approaches is that humanistic psychologists believe in the importance of

Free will

Which of the following perspectives argues that every person has the potential to become self- actualized?

Humanistic

According to the ethical guidelines set by the American Psychological Association (APA), which of the following is true of psychological research in which animals are used as subjects?

It should conform to all APA ethical guidelines for animal research.

The belief that human behavior is the result of unconscious drives and conflicts represents which of the following theoretical perspectives?

Psychoanalytic

A research design involves two randomly assigned groups of participants. One group receives a one- time treatment, and the other does not. Later, the two groups are compared to see whether the treatment had an effect. Psychologists call this kind of research

an experiment

Ethical principles developed by the American Psychological Association help ensure that human participants in psychological research

are protected from physical and psychological harm

Which of the following approaches to psychology emphasizes observable responses over inner experiences when accounting for behavior?

behaviorist

In an experiment, which of the following variables refers to the outcome that is measured by the experimenter?

dependent

In an experiment to test the effects of hunger on aggressive behavior, aggressive behavior would be the

dependent variable

In experimental psychology, a significant difference refers to a

difference not likely due to chance

Drawing a random sample of people from a town for an interview study of social attitudes ensure that

each person in the town has the same probability of being chosen for the study

Which of the following statements best describes the placebo effect?

it can be brought about by the individual's expectations

In a normal distribution, which of the following statements is true about the area that falls between one standard deviation above and one standard deviation below the mean?

it contains the middle 68% of the distribution

In their discussions of the process of development, the advocates of nature in the nature-nurture controversy emphasize which of the following?

maturation

A disadvantage of longitudinal studies is that

participants who drop out during the course of the study may be different in important ways from ones who do not drop out

Which of the following is used to reduce the effects of confounding variables in experiments?

random assignment

In order to yield information that is generalizable to the population from which it was drawn, a sample must be

representative of the population

In developmental psychology, one advantage of cross-sectional over longitudinal studies is that cross-sectional research

requires comparatively little time

A researcher surveyed social adjustment in the same group of 20 people from early childhood through adulthood. In this example, the group of 20 people surveyed was the study's

sample

Students from a journalism class ask only their friends to participate in a school newspaper survey and neglect to ask the rest of the student body. The journalism students' data may not be generalizable due to

sampling bias

The correlation between two measures obtained on a group of individuals is graphically represented as a

scatterplot

Standard deviation is a measure of how much

scores in a group differ from the mean of that group

The most distinctive characteristic of the experimental method is that it

seeks to establish cause-effect relationships

Introspection, a research tool used by early psychologists, is a technique which involves

self-examination of mental processes

Which of the following most accurately describes a dependent variable?

some aspect of a participant's response that is measured in an experiment

A research psychologist generalizes from a particular sample to an entire population. This is an example of

statistical inference

Cognitive psychologists are most likely to study

the acquisition of knowledge, planning, and problem solving

A teacher finds the distribution of scores on a final exam to be positively skewed with low variability. On the basis of this information, the teacher would be most justified in concluding that

the exam was too difficult

Which of the following best describes the response of members of the American Psychological Association to ethical issues in research?

they have developed codes of ethics for research with both human participants and animal subjects

Which theoretical perspective in psychology attempts to characterize the way in which humans store and process sensory information?

Cognitive

A person displays a set of rare behaviors that psychologists had not known about previously, because nobody had ever shown them before. The best strategy to investigate the nature of those behaviors is

a case study

A research group conducted a study investigating the connection between self-reported number of hours slept in a given week and scores on a happiness measure. Based on the scatterplot above, the group can report that there is

a positive correlation