AP Psych Unit 2

Sleep researchers who are interested in brain wave activity are likely to use which kind of brain scan?

EEG

A participant in a sleep study has electrodes attached to her scalp to collect data on the activity of her brain throughout the night. The technique is called

Electroencephalography (EEG)

Which of the following psychoactive drugs increases nervous system activity?

cocaine

The role of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is to

conserve energy and calm the body after a fight or flight response

Ally accidentally touched a hot iron. She quickly pulled her hand back, even before the sensory information about the iron reaching her brain. Which of the following is true about the withdrawal of her hand.

it was enabled by a spinal reflex

If professor freeborn lesions the amygdala of a laboratory rat, the rat will most likely become

less aggressive

Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your

cerebral cortex

In adult humans, which of the following is typically true of REM sleep?

it is correlated with dreaming

The occipital lobes are to ________ as the temporal lobes are to _______

seeing; hearing

Psychologist Michael Gazzaniga asked split-brain patients to stare at a dot as he flashed HE·ART on a screen. HE appeared in the left visual field, ART in the right. When asked, patients said they saw

ART

Which of the following correctly identifies the sequence in the transmission of a neural impulse?

Dendrites, soma, axon, synapse

Which of the following are involved in regulating circadian rhythms?

Photoreceptors, hypothalamus, pineal gland

Neurotransmitters are typically stored in which of the following parts of a neuron?

The terminal buttons

Which brain area is primarily involved with understanding and producing meaningful speech?

Wernicke's area

Researchers looking to create a drug to reduce the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease would most likely focus their efforts on which of the following neurotransmitters?

acetylcholine

Isabel says that her dream about going to the fair and riding a ferris wheel is just her brain attempting to make sense of random stimulation from the brain stem. Isabel's explanation is consistent with which of the following theories of dreaming?

activation-synthesis

In a moment of danger which of the following helps trigger the bodies flight or fight response through the release of Enpiephrune and norepinephrine?

adrenal glands

A certain drug reduces the activity of the central nervous system, including the hippocampus and cerebellum. If affects several neurotransmitters, most notably gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Which of the following is most like the drug in question?

alcohol

A person who drinks alcohol daily finds that he needs to keep increasing his alcohol intake to get the same pleasure. He is experiencing

alcohol tolerance

Curare is a poison that causes paralysis by blocking acetylcholine from entering the receptor sites of the adjacent neuron. This drug is an example of an

antagonist

Internal functioning that is largely involuntary (such as heart rate, digestion, and breathing) is primarily controlled by which of the following systems?

autonomic nervous system

The medulla is to control of ______ as the cerebellum is to the control of ______

breathing; walking

Like many of the most addictive drugs, cocaine interacts with which of the following neurotransmitters that is related to feelings of pleasure?

dopamine

Which of the following system produces, circulates, and regulate levels of hormones in the body?

endocrine system

As the bodies natural pain killer, which neurotransmitter is released in response to discomfort and pain as well as vigorous exercise?

endorphins

In 1848 Phineas Gage, a railroad construction foreman, survived when an explosion drove an iron rod through his head. The once friendly, soft spoken Gage became irritable and dishonest. Gage's case provided evidence that which region of the brain plays a role in personality and behavior?

frontal lobes

The myelin sheath that covers the axons of most neurons serves to do which of the following?

increase the speed with which messages can be transmitted

Which of the following is a disease in which the immune system attacks the myelin of the neurons in the central nervous system?

multiple sclerosis

Which of the following is a common psychological effect of alcohol intake?

reduced inhibition

Which region of your brainstem plays a role in arousing you to a state of alertness when someone nearby mentions your name?

reticular formation

After they are released, excess neurotransmitters this that remain in the synaptic gap are often reabsorbed by the sending neuron through a process known as

reuptake

Gloria has been experiencing depressed moods, and her appetite and sleep patterns have been unpredictable. Her doctor would most likely investigate which of the following chemicals to see if it was influencing the symptoms she has been experiencing?

serotonin

A patient reports of constant sleepiness. Her doctor refers her to a sleep clinic where they discover her sleep is frequently disrupted by periods of grasping for breath, waking up and falling back asleep. Which of the diagnoses would account for such symptoms?

sleep apnea

Which brain structure receives information from all the senses except smell?

thalamus

Which of the following occurs when a neuron is stimulated to its threshold?

the movement of sodium and potassium ions across the membrane creates an action potential

The brief period after the firing of a neuron during which no amount of stimulation can cause the neuron to fire again is called

the refractory period

Which of the following biological systems is most likely responsible for an increase in heart rate while experiencing anxiety?

the sympathetic nervous system

Which of the following is true of individuals who experience severe withdrawal symptoms when they abruptly stop using a drug that they have been taking for a long time?

they are physically dependent on the drug