AP Psych Unit 2 Exam
Which of the following refers to an increased percentage of time spent in REM sleep when we are deprived of REM sleep on the previous night
a) REM rebound** b) REM deprivation c) REM reuptake d) REM makeup e) REM extension
Which of the following is a circadian rhythm?
a) The ebb and flow of an individual's emotions during a 24-hour period b) jet lag experienced after an airline flight from Los Angeles to Tokyo c) a cycle of biological functioning that lasts about 25 hours** d) the series of five stages that people go through during a normal night's sleep e) the systematic alternation between alpha waves and delta waves during the different sleep stages
An individual who sees and feels imaginary spiders crawling on his arms and legs is experiencing
a) a fixation b) a hallucination** c) an illusion d) an eidetic image e) a phobia
Which of the following represents the correct progression of brain waves in a normal sleep pattern?
a) alpha, beta, delta, theta b) beta, alpha, theta, delta** c) delta, alpha, theta, beta d) theta, beta, alpha, delta e) beta, alpha, delta, theta
When a person is suffering from severe pain, the type of drug that will best help alleviate that pain is
a) an opiate** b) an amphetamine c) a depressant d) a hallucinogen e) a stimulant
A student participates in a month-long sleep study designed to examine free-running circadian rhythms. If all time cues are removed, the student's total sleep-wake cycle is likely to
a) average about 25 hours** b) average about 12 hours c) average whatever it averaged when the student began the study d) become even more dependent than usual on the student's activity level e) become extremely variable
Which of the following will NOT increase behavioral and mental activity?
a) cocaine b) caffeine c) benzedrine d) ampthetamines e) barbiturates**
A central nervous system depressant that produces false feelings of well-being and efficiency and results in slower reaction time to stimulation is
a) cocaine b) marijuana c) dopamine d) alcohol** e) nicotine
Sigmund Freud believed that dream analysis was a useful device for
a) decreasing repression b) sublimating the id c) strengthening the superego d) displacing instinctual forces e) gaining insight into unconscious motives**
In terms of the effect on the central nervous system, alcohol is most accurately classified as which of the following types of drug?
a) depressant** b) narcotic c) psychoactive d) stimulant e) hallucinogen
The painful experience associated with termination of the use of an addictive substance is known as
a) discontinuous b) tolerance c) withdrawal** d) forced independence e) transduction
Under hypnosis, Jerry is able to withstand pain without showing any outward signs of discomfort. However, when asked to signal if some part of his consciousness is aware of the pain, he raises his hand. Which of the following is a theory that best explains Jerry's behavior?
a) dissociation** b) state c) role d) social influence e) age regression
They psychological effects of alcohol are powerfully influenced by the user's
a) expectations** b) success in developing a social network c) agility d) intelligence quotient (IQ) e) brain dopamine level
Hypnosis is best described as a state that
a) gives the hypnotist complete control over the thoughts and emotions of the hypnotized individual b) induces heightened suggestibility in the hypnotized individual** c) is similar to an obsessive-compulsive personality disorder d) is similar to the condition produced by excessive alcohol consumption e) is similar to the REM stage of sleep
Research suggests that hypnosis is effective in reducing pain because it
a) induces a state of amnesia b) synchronizes the functioning of the two cerebral hemispheres c) interferes with the functioning of brain cells d) diverts attention from the pain** e) lowers the subject's level of suggestibility
Which of the following statements best describes the effect of alcohol on human functioning?
a) it depresses the central nervous system** b) it increases alertness and enhances perception c) it facilitates the release and enhances perception d) it depresses the thyroid system e) it distorts auditory perception
REM sleep is also known as paradoxical sleep because
a) measures of the brain activity closely resemble waking consciousness, but the person is in the earliest stage of sleep. b) measures of the brain activity closely resemble waking consciousness, but the person is incapable of moving** c) the person's heart rate is slower than when awake, but the person can sleepwalk or sleep talk d) the person can have night terrors during this stage but will not remember them in the morning e) the person's vital signs are very slow, but the person can get up and walk around
Which sleep disorder is characterized by a lack of voluntary control over the onset of sleep
a) narcolepsy** b) insomnia c) sleep apnea d) night terrors e) sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
Hypnosis had been found useful in the treatment of
a) pain** b) autism c) dementia d) paranoia e) schizophrenia
Perceptions that are processed so quickly that they do not enter into consciousness are referred to as
a) preconscious b) unconscious c) subliminal** d) surreal e) superconscious
Perceptions that are processed so quickly that they do not enter into our consciousness are referred to as
a) preconscious b) unconscious c) subliminal** d) surreal e) superconscious
Rafael has a sleep disorder for which he takes medically prescribed amphetamines. For which the following sleep disorders is Rafael likely being treated?
a) sleep apnea b) narcolepsy** c) insomnia d) circadian rhythm sleep disorder e) somnambulism
During the night, Alicia stops breathing repeatedly, frequently gasps for air, and snores loudly at regular intervals. Alicia is most likely suffering from which of the following conditions?
a) sleep apnea** b) narcolepsy c) insomnia d) night terrors e) the REM rebound effect
REM sleep, generally an "active" state of sleep, is accompanied by which of the following paradoxical characteristics
a) slowed heart rate b) slowed respiration rate c) lowered blood pressure d) lowered muscle tone** e) reduced eye movements
A patient reports constant sleepiness. A series of tests reveal that the patient's sleep is frequently disrupted by periods of interrupted breathing and brief awakenings. Which of the following diagnoses would account for such symptoms?
a) somnambulism b) sleep terrors c) narcolepsy d) REM behavior disorder e) sleep apnea**
The biological clock that operates in human beings to adjust their functioning to night-and-day periodicity is referred to as
a) spontaneous neural activity b) the biofeedback monitor c) a fixed-interval schedule d) a circadian rhythm** e) active consciousness
Which of the following is characterized by a periodic appearance of sleep spindles
a) stage 2 sleep** b) stage 3 sleep c) stage 4 sleep d) REM sleep e) night terrors
The center of the activation-synthesis hypothesis of dreaming is based on the belief that
a) the conscious needs to express unfulfilled wishes b) dreams provide an outlet for repressed thoughts c) dreams provide explanation for physiological activity in our brains** d) the unconscious needs to exhibit socially unacceptable behavior e) dreams allow the individual to sort through daily sensory information
Which statement best defines dependency?
a) the original dosage of the drugs no longer produces desired effects b) behavioral patterns are marked by overwhelming desire to obtain and use the drug c) A change in the nervous system occurs so that the person now needs the drug to prevent withdrawal symptoms** d) painful physical and psychological symptoms occur after the drug is no longer in the system e) decompression from the peripheral nervous system begins after the drug enters the body
An individual who drinks alcohol daily finds it necessary to drink increasing amounts to achieve the state of well being attained in the past. This individual is showing
a) withdrawal symptoms b) alcohol-induced psychosis c) state-dependent-learing d) alcohol tolerance** e) delirium tremens
