Ap psych unit 9

A test has a mean of 80 with standard deviation of 4. Which of the following scores is within one standard deviation of the mean

77

Where does the neurotransmitter dopamine have its effect

A

The deletion of which of the following neurotransmitters is most closely associated with the symptoms of Alzheimer's disease

Acetylcholine

The idea that the explanation for prejudice lies in children's modeling of their parents' prejudicial beliefs, emotions, and behaviors is most closely aligned with the theories of which of the following?

Albert Bandura

Kendra is working with six other employees to produce a joint report. If she is typically one of the most people in individualistic cultures who are involved in the collective task she is likely to

Credit external situational factors if the project is a success and blame herself if project fails

following the questionable police killing of a young man, thousands of concerned citizens assembled and marched in protest. As the darkness of night set in, the rally turned violent as some younger members of the crowd began throwing rocks at windows and police officers. Of the people who participated in the violence, the darkness of the night and the size of the crowd probably contributed to their sense of

Deindividuation

a participant in a study of music perception listen to music with electrodes attachment to her scalp while data is collected on the activity of her brain this technique is called

EEG

The theorist who conducted pioneering research on latent learning and cognitive maps was

Edward Tolman

A researcher randomly assign boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watching violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during the period of FreePlay and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded from each group. What is the dependent variable in the study?

Incidence of aggressive behavior

Mary Ainsworth's research indicated that a toddler with a secure attatchment style is most likely to do which of the following when left with a caregiver, such as a babysitter for the first time

Show distress when left, calm down and play, and run to the mother when she returns

If psychologist discovered that more intelligent parents have smarter children than less intelligent parents this would demonstrate that?

The intelligence of parents and children is positively correlated

When Joe arrives at the library, he can choose from any of several strategies that might help him find the book he needs. He could examine all the books on every shelf, and be certain that he would eventually find the book he wants, but this strategy would take too long. Joe decides instead to ask a librarian to direct him to the appropriate section of the library. Joe is using

a heuristic

During a political debate Canada expresses detailed bags on an important issue. Canada be responds with an emotional tacked on the same issue. Which method of persuasion is each of the candidates using?

a=foot in door b=peripheral route

The process of lens changing thickness to focus vision at different distances is known

accommodation

Dr. Vylappully spent his whole working life selflessly helping the sick and poor in some of the poorest countries in the world. This example illustrates

altruism

According to Robert Steinbergs triarchic theory which of the following types of intelligence would be most useful in solving a mathematics problem that requires one numeric answer.

analytical

The basic assumption underlying the revolutionary approach to sexual attraction is that Nancy potential mates who

appear fertile

the above diagram illustrates which of the following psychological concepts

bystander effect

Myla is trying to explain to her parents why they should allow her to attend State University. She presents them with information on tuition, graduation, and retention rates, financial aid and enrollment. Myla is using

central route persuassion

Jean piaget is best known for his research in the area of childhood ______ development

cognitive

When people experience an unpleasant state of psychological tension resulting from to thoughts or beliefs that are inconsistent with each other they are said to be experiencing

cognitive dissonance

an individual with damage to Wernicke's area is most likely to have difficulty

comprehending a spoken request for information

people who are colorblind most likely have decisions in their

cones

When Isabella made an oral presentation in class, Michelle joined her classmates in applauding, even though she did not think the presentation was very clear or well- organized. This example illustrates

conformity

five-year-old Mary watches while her teacher pours equal amounts of water into two similar glasses. The liquid from one of the glasses is then poured into a tall, thin container and Mary is asked which contains more- the original glass or the tall, thin container. She says the tall, thin container contains more liquid. According to Jean Piaget. this example illustrates a lack of

conservation

Harry Harlow's experiments with monkeys in surrogate mothers demonstrates the importance of

contact comfort to attachment

Genie was a girl who endured abusive and neglectful conditions and was deprived of language exposure until she was rescued at age 13. Despite remediation, Genie was unable to learn to speak fluently. Historically, this case study was used to demonstrate the effects of

critical periods

Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system results in which of the following?

decrease of heart rate

carol gilligans critique of Lawrence Kohlenberg stages of moral development focuses primarily on

differences between male and females in the course of moral development

A middle-aged women is sitting on a bench in a busy shopping mall holding her head in her hands, visibly upset and crying. Nobody stops to see if she needs assistance. One explanation for why nobody helps in this situation is

diffusion of responsibility

a waitress refused to serve an interracial couple. This example best illustrates

discrimination

Shaniqua is a fourth grader who loves to read whenever she has free time. To encourage Shaniqua to continue to read, her parents would best be advised to...

do nothing additional

Of the following, a behavioral psychologist is most likely to study the

effects of token economics on establishing social skills among children with emotional disturbances

Chuck recalls the day last summer when he fell off his bicycle and scraped his knee. This is an example of

episodic memory

Belief that one's called on culture or ethnic group is superior to all others and the related tendency to use one's own culture as a standard by which to judge other cultures is called

ethnocentrism

A researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups. One group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program. The children were then observed during a period of free play, and the incidence of aggressive behavior was recorded for each group. This research method is best characterized as

experimental

for every 20 cell phones that Tom sells he will get a $50 bonus. The bonuses are an example of which of the following type of reinforcement schedules are

fixed ratio

Following psychological concepts is best illustrated in the chart above?

group polarization

Which of the following perspectives argues that every person has the potential to become self-actualized

humanistic

Mary participates in an exercise program because she experiences an increase in energy and feelings of well-being at the end of each exercise session. The best explanation for Mary's perseverance in the program is that exercise

increases her level of endorphines

after attending a lecture on the potentially harmful effects of long term stress on health. Roy decided to enroll in a stress management class. His decisions illustrated the effect of

informational social influence

Maximo is a fifth grader at Sandy ridge elementary school. Like most studnets in his school he believes that Sandy Ridge is the best school in town. this example best illustrates

ingroup bias

Hillary glances at a grab and then turns her head away less than a second later when she tries to immediately member what she saw which of the following types of memory does Hillary use

ionic

Humans which of the following is typically true of REM sleep

it is correlated with dreaming

colin refused to contribute to a local fundraiser for the homeless. The fundraiser told Colin that many homeless were decent hard-working people just like himself who are lost their jobs and their homes to circumstances beyond their control. Colin responded that if he the homeless were really decent working people they would still have the job. Colin appears to subscribe to the

just world phenomenon

which of the following statements is most consistent with Benjamin Whorfs concept of linguistic relativity

language shapes the way an individual thinks and interprets experiences

a basic assumption underlying shirt term memory is that is it

limited in capacity

all Summer Thomas use the sound of a ice cream truck approaching before his brother Oscar hears it. Thomas most likely has which of the following?

lower absolute threshold

After listening to a radio station play the same set of songs every three hours. Basha grows to like them. Versus reaction can be best explained by

mere exposure effect

In the dark, an object is more clearly seen when viewed in peripheral vision than when viewed directly. This phenomenon occurs because the rods located in the retina are

more sensitive in the dark than cones and are not found in the fovea

To compare the pace of life in different countries, investigators measured the speed with which postal clerks completed a simple request. Which research method did this illustrate?

naturalistic observation

A four-year-old child frequently pulled on a dogs tail to gain attention. To reduce this undesirable behavior the parent took away one hour of television viewing every time the children pulled the dogs tail. Within one week the undesirable behavior was significantly reduced the above scenario illustrates

negative punishment

Even though Purdue prefers romantic comedy movies he often goes to action adventure movies to fit in with his friends. Pardhus behavior can best be explained by

normative social influence

Behavior that is motivated by the desire to gain social acceptance and approval is referred to as?

normative social influence2

The performance of an action in response to the direct orders of authority or person of higher status is defined as

obedience

Negative after images are explained by

opponent-process theory

drisha belongs to the cross country ski club at her college but a member of a downhill ski club. In terms of basic social categories her cross country ski club members are the ..... while the members of the downhill ski club are the .....

out group, in group

When the word "walk" is changed to "walked," the suffix "ed" is an example of a

phenome

which of the following brain regions is indicated by the arrow

pons

Barney is a somewhat distractible second-grade student who finds schoolwork a bit boring. After a couple of minutes of working silently, Barney often starts to misbehave until his teacher, Ms. Skinner, calls his name and scolds him. However, he enjoys this attention from her and continues to misbehave. With respect to Barney's misbehavior, Ms. Skinner's attention serves as

positive reinforcement

a consciencious objector refuses to engage in combat because he cannot support the taking of human life. His reasoning best illustrates which stage in Lawrence Kahlenberg's theory of moral development?

postconvential

Sustained a head injury after the injury he is able to tie his shoes but he does not recall where he lives which aspect of the man's memory is intact and which aspect is dysfunctional respectively?

procedural and semantic

A test author most interested in ensuring that individuals receive similar scores on a personality test every time they take it is attempting to increase which of the following

reliability

Damage to which of the following parts of the brain would most likely cause a person to fall into a deep coma from which the person will be unable to awaken

reticular formation

Dr. Huang is conducting research about how people form impressions of other people and how they interpret each other's behavior in a variety of situations. Dr. Huang is probably a(n) _____ psychologist

social

During baseball practice Jacobs fast ball tops out at 87 mph. However during actual games with large crowds watching him Jacobs basketball tops out at 89 miles an hour this example best illustrates the phenomenon of

social facilitation

......... American social psychologist who is best known for his pioneering studies of conformity.

solomon asch

the division of the nervous system that most directs allows voluntary movements is the

somatic

The American social psychologist who is best known for his controversial series of studies investigating destructive obedience is an authority to

stanley milgram

tyler ate a cheeseburger from a fast food restaurant for dinner and he was awake all night feeling sick . Now just thinking about eating any fast food makes him feel nauseous and he was certain that he will never want to eat it again Tyler is aversion to fast food can best be explained by

stimulus generalization

while eating at a restaurant, you saw a waiter's serving tray tilt an avalanche of food and beverages splatter four people. "What careless, clumsy idiot" you mumbled to yourself. You have just committed an attributional bias called

the fundamental attribution error #

the heredibility of intelligence refers to

the percentage of variation in intelligence within a group that is attributed to genetic fators

Julia is practicing her trumpet and produces a loud sound. Which of the following is the best explanation for the loudness of the sound?

the sound have a high amplitude sound wave

Four-year-old Maria knows that she has eaten all her peanuts, but she also realizes that Robbie, who cannot see inside her bag may not know the peanuts are gone. her awareness demonstrates that maria has

theory of mind

a researcher randomly assigned boys and girls to each of two groups one group watched a violent television program while the other group watched a nonviolent program the children were then observe during a period of FreePlay and the incidents of aggression behavior was recorded for each group. What is the independent variable in the study

type of television program viewed