AP World Unit V Multiple Choice
103. By 1914 a) 88% of the world was controlled by Europeans b) Japan had failed to create an industrialized nation that could defeat a Western power c) alliances had been avoided by all major Western European powers to avoid future conflict d) the United States of America played a minimal role in Latin American affairs e) Italy and Germany divided into a series of city-states
a) 88% of the world was controlled by Europeans
14. Which of the following was NOT among the Western world's industrial leaders during most of the nineteenth century? a) Austria b) England c) Belgium d) the United States e) the western German states
a) Austria
130. In China, the guerilla war against expatriates and missionaries is known as the a) Boxer Rebellion b) White Lotus Rebellion c) Taiping Rebelling d) Manchu Expulsion e) all of the above
a) Boxer Rebellion
140. Which of the following does not accurately describe South Africa? a) British arrived first and set up trading post b) Dutch Afrikaners/Boers eventually moved inland which created conflict with Zulus c) African National Congress made up of Enlightened thinkers who wanted independence d) Shaka Zulu was nicknamed the "Black Napoleon" e) discovery of diamonds and gold encouraged mass immigration
a) British arrived first and set up trading post
142. Why wasn't the Ottoman Empire overthrown? a) Europe wanted to keep it held together because it was predictable and relatively stable b) European military inferior to that of Ottomans c) Geographical boundaries prevented invasion d) Balkan states unite to create formidable foe e) region had already implemented radical reforms
a) Europe wanted to keep it held together because it was predictable and relatively stable
31. Which of the following did not occur in the early stages of the French Revolution? a) Napoleon established stability by taking power from the Directory b) the Third Estate broke away from the First and Second Estate and established the National Assembly c) revolutions in the city eventually spread to the countryside d) Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette were brought to Paris e) Louis XVI called a meeting of the Estates General for the first time in over 150 years
a) Napoleon established stability by taking power from the Directory
64. The Latin American struggles for independence were caused in large part by a) Napoleon's wars against Europe left the power authority of Spain and Portugal in doubt b) the indigenous desire to set up a mercantilist economy c) British naval destruction of the Spanish Armada d) decrease of Amazonian vegetation e) the frustration of the Spanish hierarchy that all governmantal jobs were dominated by Creoles
a) Napoleon's wars against Europe left the power authority of Spain and Portugal in doubt
71. Which of the following was not a cause of the Chinese Revolution? a) Qing administration's decision to take power from provincial governments b) increasing influence of foreigners c) frustration of rural peasants d) diffusion of Western reform ideas by educated Chinese e) embarassing defeat in Sino-Japanese War
a) Qing administration's decision to take power from provincial governments
110. Which of the following best represents the European notions of racial superiority? a) Rudyard Kipling's epic novel "White Man's Burden" b) Social Darwinists who believed those technologically and culturally advanced should conquer those less-developed c) Other cultures were vibrant and their traditions should be kept intact d) native religions should not be impeded and missionary work should be avoided e) Cecil Rhodes belief that Europe should colonize and conquer Latin America because Europeans are the "finest race in the world"
a) Rudyard Kipling's epic novel "White Man's Burden"
83. In India, a) a large number of educated elite demanded the freedom they learned from their Western education b) the Indian National Congress was established in 1912 c) Mohandas Gandhi became the nation's first Prime Minister d) independence was gained due to violent confrontation with Britain e) the Great Wall of China can not be seen from my house
a) a large number of educated elite demanded the freedom they learned from their Western education
116. Which of the following was not a characteristic of British rule of India? a) all castes exposed to British education b) spread of Christianity c) building of roads and canals d) raw materials flowed out of India and manufactured goods flowed back in e) rate of urbanization increased
a) all castes exposed to British education
5. Which of the following was a social effect of the Industrial Revolution? a) birth of the proletariat - owners who control labor b) middle class prevented from owning agriculture c) man becomes part of machine instead of controlling machine d) on the assembly line, independent thought encouraged e) pace of work slows down giving individual workers more control over pace of labor
a) birth of the proletariat - owners who control labor
1. Which of the following was not a characteristic of the Industrial Revolution? a) capitalism replaces mercantilism as dominant POLITICAL philosophy b) mass production of goods due to advancement in machinery c) civilizations replace agriculture with industry d) massive urbanization e) lacked a clear-cut beginning and end
a) capitalism replaces mercantilism as dominant POLITICAL philosophy
46. Why was change able to happen so quickly during the Modern Era? a) communication rapid due to trains, ships and telegraph cables b) invention of gunpowder c) ruralization allowed like-minded people to associate d) countryside becomes more liberal, desiring change e) Japan and Africa eager to see their culture become controlled by Europeans
a) communication rapid due to trains, ships and telegraph cables
65. Though most Latin American nations gained independence from Europe, a) constitutional law oftentimes proved a failure, establishing a precedent of caudillos rising to power b) Mexico and Brazil remained under control of Spain until World War I c) religious leaders refused to recognize any of the new governments d) Latin America eventually became one nation-state under the title Estados Unidos del Sud Amerigo e) reformers and liberals chose to refrain from further attempts to extend political and economic opportunities
a) constitutional law oftentimes proved a failure, establishing a precedent of caudillos rising to power
121. Which of the following was not a reason the United States annexed the Phillippines? a) fear that the recently liberated island nation would fall into Chinese hands b) White Man's Burden c) President McKinley believed it was his religious obligation to bring Christianity to the heathens d) naval base in Pacific e) navy already in region due to victory over Spain in Spanish-American War
a) fear that the recently liberated island nation would fall into Chinese hands
10. Which of the following was not a military improvement made during the Industrial Revolution? a) gunpowder b) modern artillery c) machine gun d) steam powered battleships e) more accurate rifles
a) gunpowder
87. Which of the following was not true about Italy's unification? a) it was inititated by the king of the island kingdom Sardinia b) focused on kicking out the Austrians from northern Italy c) northern Italians were content with the established border following unification d) forced France to withdraw in 1870 e) difficult to unite because regions quite culturally different
a) it was inititated by the king of the island kingdom Sardinia
122. Napoleon referred to China as a "sleeping dragon" because a) it would be a formidable foe once its resources and population were utilized efficiently b) its military devestated surrounding regions c) he was defeated by Chinese soldiers in Egypt in 1797 d) calling it an awake dragon would sound kind of awkward e) the nation had an unfair trade balance with Europe because no European nation wanted Chinese goods
a) it would be a formidable foe once its resources and population were utilized efficiently
100. By 1900, the dominant method of economic organization was a) laissez faire, free market capitalism b) mercantilism c) communism d) barter e) Euromonetaryfundism
a) laissez faire, free market capitalism
84. Latin American revolutions were a) led by wealthy, educated creoles b) replaced creole landowners with peninsulares c) for the most part completed by 1812 d) successful in that they prevented future civil wars or power rivalries e) put down by caudillos, priests who protected peasants at all costs
a) led by wealthy, educated creoles
57. Because of Industrialization a) many people felt no longer resigned to fate and felt as if they could alter their situation b) monkeys were able to floss their teeth with electric tooth brushes c) the standard of living went up immediately for everyone in the country, but then went down d) men's occupational sphere primarily consisted of teaching and nursing e) eventually governments had to encourage companies to work their laborers longer hours under worse conditions
a) many people felt no longer resigned to fate and felt as if they could alter their situation
85. A connection to one's own home, region, language and culture is known as a) nationalism b) feudalism c) communism d) the Great Schism e) multi-colored prism
a) nationalism
11. Which of the following best describes "Banana Republics"? a) one crop was prioritized at the expense of developing additional crops and creating a complex economy b) parliamentary buildings created in a crescent shape to stimulate active discussion c) tropical regions that lived on bananas as a staple product d) businessmen and industrialists were unable to strike deals with local aristocrats and politicians e) wealth created spreads to entire population
a) one crop was prioritized at the expense of developing additional crops and creating a complex economy
50. All of the following were push factors that increased emigration in the Modern Era except a) oppressive Communism in Russia b) famine in Ireland c) anti-Semitism in Russia d) poverty e) Russian pogroms
a) oppressive Communism in Russia (people weren't allowed to leave so emigration didn't pick up)
112. Which of the following was not an Indian product desired by Europeans? a) porcelain b) tea c) sugar d) salt e) textiles
a) porcelain (from China not India)
107. The new artistic trends of the late 19th century did all of the following except a) refused to deal with the hardships of everyday life b) began depicting abstract images c) rejected the emotion and passion of Romanticism d) defied artistic conventions e) analyzed the inner behavior and motivations of characters in literature
a) refused to deal with the hardships of everyday life
115. The Sepoy Mutiny a) started because a rumor spread that British soldiers used pork and beef fat for soap b) started because the sepoys were not able to fight overseas c) was initiated in the name of Siddharta Guatama d) saw unparalled cooperation between Muslims and Hindus e) led to 300 million Indian subjects being put under the crown authority of England
a) started because a rumor spread that British soldiers used pork and beef fat for soap
111. Which of the following does not accurately reflect how European nations controlled their colonies? a) the British and Belgians allowed their holdings to maintain political autonomy b) the Portuguese were quite harsh in their treatment of natives c) Italy resorted to poison gas in trying to control Northern Africa d) the French tried to civilize and convert natives through their "la mission civilisatrice" e) the British introduced positive social reforms and helped create infrastructure
a) the British and Belgians allowed their holdings to maintain political autonomy
26. Modern political revolutions were characterized by a) the influence of Enlightenment ideals b) peasants and urban workers refusing to protest c) eventual choice of universal democracy instead of autocracy d) the destruction of traditional religion e) the unopposed rule of absolute monarchs
a) the influence of Enlightenment ideals
25. Because of the Industrial Revolution a) the massive working class consistently saw income disparity vis a vis the upper class b) power and wealth were again based solely on hereditary c) the new middle class consisted of managers, accountants, doctors, factory laborers and lawyers (this comes later after WWI) d) social mobility was limited e) husbands became homemakers and wives became primary wage earners
a) the massive working class consistently saw income disparity vis a vis the upper class
133. Africa was able to be colonized in the 19th century because a) the region was mapped and transportation innovations allowed for exploration of interior regions b) Africa asked for assistance in industrializing c) Europe's vast population overwhelmed Africa d) Europe had created one grand alliance bent on taking over the world e) all of the above
a) the region was mapped and transportation innovations allowed for exploration of interior regions
47. Examples of changes in World Trade during the Modern Era a) the transfer of manufactured goods from the West to the rest of the world b) Latin American and African nations allowed to choose which crops they grew c) large plantations divided into small, independently owned plots of land d) slavery increases initially to satisfy demands of industrialization e) Ottoman Empire increases control of the Mediterranean
a) the transfer of manufactured goods from the West to the rest of the world
70. One of the primary causes of the Mexican Revolution of 1910 was a) the widening income gap between landowners and peasants b) oppressive Spanish rule c) decreasing impact of Catholicism d) conservative reformers demanding change e) the French Revolution
a) the widening income gap between landowners and peasants
81. During Nicholas II's Russification a) thousands of Jews were killed in religious pogroms b) Communist forces storm Leningrad c) bread harvests reach unprecedented heights d) Russia's borders spread to Northern California e) vodka is outlawed on streets, but not avenues
a) thousands of Jews were killed in religious pogroms
60. During the French Revolution, how was the abolishment of the monarchy and the aristocracy justified? a) threat of invastion from Austria and German states b) need to test the effectiveness of the guillotine and other forms of cutlery c) surplus of grain d) Napoleon's rise to power e) the United States' promise to intervene
a) threat of invastion from Austria and German states (since the Queen was from Austria the French were afraid Austria would take over France so they killed the monarchs)
139. Which of the following does not accurately depict European relations with Africa? a) upon initial contact, Europeans made consistent effort to colonize the interior regions b) Africa became the center of the slave trade c) resources such as gold, ivory and timber were plundered d) naval bases and outposts were established e) coastal ports used as stopping points for merchants on way to India and China
a) upon initial contact, Europeans made consistent effort to colonize the interior regions
21. Which of the following was not a commonality of Industrial Revolutions around the world? a) urbanization due to poor harvests, too little land, too many mouths to feed b) brutal initial working conditions that lead to demands for reform c) middle class forms made of factory managers, shop owners and the proletariat d) factories built near towns e) increased need to find natural resources and markets for goods
a) urbanization due to poor harvests, too little land, too many mouths to feed
102. A group of reformers who created societies that would create happiness through thoughtful planning and regulation were a) utopian socialists b) Marxists c) Communists d) Jacobin Club e) women suffragettes
a) utopian socialists
41. The Revolution of 1848 a) were massive disturbances that to some degree affected every country in Europe b) was started because the French king decided to enact reforms not agreed on by other nations c) reflected the frustration of the lower classes at the negative social and economic effects of the Industrial Revolution d) forced the king of Prussia to withdraw reforms e) demonstrated that people were inspired more by religion than by nationalism
a) were massive disturbances that to some degree affected every country in Europe
88. The German states and the Austrian Empire a) were united under the Holy Roman Empire b) shared Prussia and Poland c) pushed for Industrial Revolution under Frederick the Great d) devalued education e) both ruled through a central authority in the capital
a) were united under the Holy Roman Empire
73. The Chinese Revolution of 1911 was followed by a) years of chaos and the gradual secession of provinces b) decades of stability enforced by a democratic regime c) the establishment in 1927 of a Republican parliament d) the return of power to the Qing emperor in 1912 e) the decreasing power of warlords in outlying provinces
a) years of chaos and the gradual secession of provinces
132. Following the Berlin Conference a) Europe began creating national boundaries in Africa based on regional issues b) Europe began a mad scramble to divide up the African continent c) Ethiopia and Liberia fell under control of Italy and Germany respectively d) European powes realized the notion of White Man's Burden was a bit condescending e) Arabs and Christians united to push Italy out of Ethiopia
b) Europe began a mad scramble to divide up the African continent
90. Once Germany had unified a) Europe embraced the new nation b) Europe was threatened by the industrial potential of the new nation c) Otto von Bismarck was annointed emperor d) Germany devalued their navy in favor of a superior standing army e) they pursued colonial ambitions in Latin America and Eastern Europe
b) Europe was threatened by the industrial potential of the new nation
92. Which of the following was not an issue facing republican governments? a) British needed to balance needs of aristocracy and growing middle class b) France under the Fourth Republic became the most democratic nation in Europe c) Nations such as Italy and Germany still preferred leader who championed nationalistic causes d) Austria moved closer toward autocracy, dismissing liberal claims e) In Germany, upper class votes more important than that of the lower classes
b) France under the Fourth Republic became the most democratic nation in Europe
69. All of the following were results of the first Mexican Revolution except a) universal manhood suffrage b) French occupation c) eventual reforms under Benito Juares d) continued years of chaos e) relative lack of Creole interest in reform
b) French occupation
53. What caused the end of the Atlantic Slave Trade a) France took a leading role in enforcing abolition b) Great Britain convinces nations to discontinue trade after Napoleonic wars c) ending of slavery first in Cuba and then in Brazil d) the cost of obtaining slaves was decreasing e) military defiance by Africans
b) Great Britain convinces nations to discontinue trade after Napoleonic wars
42. Which of the following was not a continuity of the Modern Era? a) Chinese belief in their own cultural superiority b) Slavery ends and slaves incorporated into society c) after decades of revolution, France emerged with a monarch in power d) Christianity continued to play large role in lives of Europeans e) Conservatives attempt to keep power by fighting liberalizing elements
b) Slavery ends and slaves incorporated into society
7. Which of the following was not a major global effect of the Industrial Revolution? a) countries with industrial technology had advanced military weapons b) Western European nations could not be defeated by Africans in battle c) the creation of a monoculture that damaged both the environment and the economy d) countries needed colonies to act as markets for finished goods e) Britain became dominant global nation of 19th century because they were first to industrialize
b) Western European nations could not be defeated by Africans in battle (Italy was defeated by Ethiopia AKA Abyssinia)
68. The first Mexican Revolution was led by a) a Creole priest without assistance from mestizos and Native Americans b) a Creole priest that led mestizos and Native Americans c) Creole business owners frustrated by Spanish influence d) French revolutionaries intent on transforming region e) an overweight Northern European from the Arctic who passed out presents
b) a Creole priest that led mestizos and Native Americans
114. Which best explains the British East India Company's ability to govern India a) size of corporation b) ability to work with local rulers and manipulate regional divisions c) Indian desire to be ruled by outsiders d) centralized authority ruled from London e) British hesitancy to put down insurrections that might harm regional power
b) ability to work with local rulers and manipulate regional divisions
59. Which of the following was not a major cause championed by women during the reform movements of the 1800s? a) temperance b) access to birth control c) equal job opportunities d) suffrage e) equal pay
b) access to birth control
105. Labor unions were a) initially supported by the government b) at first illegal and union members risked injury for participation c) for higher wages, better working conditions and more hours d) never targeted by communist and socialist organizations for membership e) prominent in Russia and Japan
b) at first illegal and union members risked injury for participation
127. China's relationship with Europe can best be described as a) extraterritorial b) colonial c) mercantilistic d) trading partner e) alliance
b) colonial
147. The Congress of Vienna a) kept relative peace in Europe for a century b) created radical changes in the governmental structure of Europe c) was led by Frenchmen Rousseau d) created France and British as dominant nations e) occurred in Germany
b) created radical changes in the governmental structure of Europe
8. Which of the following reflected the living conditions of the Industrial Revolution a) Initial housing was quite comfortable for immigrants b) crime able to spread relatively unchecked in densely populated areas c) factories closed in the winter time creating free time for factory laborers d) health care prevented spread of disease in tenements e) the bourgeoisie and proletariat frequently shared housing because that's just the nice thing to do
b) crime able to spread relatively unchecked in densely populated areas
109. Which of the following was not a cause of imperialism and colonialism? a) need to maintain bases and coal stations around the world b) decreasing populations forced European nations to seek outside labor c) new weaponry gave Europe a military advantage d) medical advances allowed Europeans to enter continents without fear of malaria and yellow fever e) belief in racial superiority of the Europeans
b) decreasing populations forced European nations to seek outside labor
80. Russia's Emancipation Edict of 1861 a) freed slaves b) enabled serfs to move only if they made payments to government c) followed the precedent of America's Emancipation Proclamation d) was an alliteration e) was passed by Czar Nicholas II
b) enabled serfs to move only if they made payments to government
58. Serfdom a) was prevalent in Russia, Madagascar and Papua New Guinea b) ended, but peasants could not leave the land until they paid off their debt to the landowner c) occurred decades before the emancipation of slaves in the US d) was needed to maintain a large population with surplus money to buy manufactured goods e) was economically successful because it inspired peasants to work to their full ability
b) ended, but peasants could not leave the land until they paid off their debt to the landowner
82. The creation of the Duma a) satisfied the peasant demands for autonomy b) had no real power and could be cancelled at any time c) demonstrated Czar Nicholas II's understanding of the needs of the people d) followed Russia's victory in the Russo-Japanese War e) followed the incorporation of universal manhood suffrage in Russia
b) had no real power and could be cancelled at any time
123. The product that eventually opened China to European trade was a) opium b) porcelain c) tea d) timber e) silver
b) porcelain (during Mind Dynasty)
96. Japan successfully industrialized for all of the following reasons except a) sent diplomats and members of the upper class to West to train b) private banks took a leading role in funding entrepreneurs c) the increasing dominance of the zaibatsu d) the encouragement of private enterprise e) already had access to technology of Industrial Revolution
b) private banks took a leading role in funding entrepreneurs
128. The Taiping Rebellion a) was the second deadliest war in world history b) resulted from peasants frustrated by taxes and arbitrary rule c) was a reaction to foreign rule d) was eventually put down with assistance from the United States e) all of the above
b) resulted from peasants frustrated by taxes and arbitrary rule
48. The Opium Trade a) benefited China by increasing revenue from India b) shifted the trade balance away from China to Europe c) led to Opium Wars which eventually opened up trade in China to only England d) initially was able to trade out of all Chinese ports e) opened up the Suez Canal and made Egypt a dominant force in world trade
b) shifted the trade balance away from China to Europe
49. World Trade in the Modern Era saw a) Japan refrain from joining the worldwide trading network b) the African Slave trade end in Brazil, North America, the Caribbean and the Middle East c) Commodore Perry open trade in China d) Russia export grain to Western Europe e) a maintenance of serfdom in Russia until 1900
b) the African Slave trade end in Brazil, North America, the Caribbean and the Middle East
141. What was the term given to the downfall of the Ottoman Empire? a) the Eastern Debacle b) the Eastern Question c) the Middle Eastern Quandary d) the Return of the Jedi e) the Emancipation of Mimi
b) the Eastern Question
22. Which of the following was not a change in social thought that stemmed directly from urbanization? a) women's emancipation movements b) the Enlightenment c) rise of unions and laws to protect workers d) rise of Marxism e) independence movements and revolutions
b) the Enlightenment
40. Which of the following is an accurate depiction of politics in Europe between 1815 and 1848? a) aside from French's mini-revolutions, the remainder of Europe prevented social rebellions b) the monarchies of Western Europe attempted to maintain control while controlling the frustration of the lower class c) though Russia allowed serfs to leave their land, they could only vote in local elections d) even in Great Britain, only 50% of the population actively participated in parliament e) the lower classes gradually became more content with their status
b) the monarchies of Western Europe attempted to maintain control while controlling the frustration of the lower class
16. Which of the following best characterizes standard Marxist doctrine? a) Economic competition leads to the highest possible level of prosperity for all b) the struggle between propertied classes and laboring classes is the determining force in all human affairs c) Any interference with the natural operation of supply and demand is harmful. d) It is possible to achieve social justice and economic equality within the capitalist framework e) There is no avoiding the fact that there will always be impoverished classes in every society
b) the struggle between propertied classes and laboring classes is the determining force in all human affairs
12. What was the first major trade to be fully power-driven and industrialized? a) the canning of food b) the textile industry c) the production of rubber d) the manufacture of glass e) the leatherworking trade
b) the textile industry
86. Germany and Italy a) were two of the first European regions to centralize authority while creating a nation b) unified by the second part of the nineteenth century and changed the balance of power in Europe c) were free of foreign control prior to their unification d) refused to involve themselves in land claims around the world e) invented noodles and schnitzel
b) unified by the second part of the nineteenth century and changed the balance of power in Europe
89. William I was able to unify Germany by a) transferring money spent on the military to improving infrastructure b) uniting German states against a common enemy (he fought France in the Franco-Prussian War) c) fighting the Catholic German states in the Battle of Bismarck d) declaring the Third Reich e) asking a short dictatoresque Austrian to take over power
b) uniting German states against a common enemy (he fought France in the Franco-Prussian War)
63. The French were defeated in the Haitian Revolution because of a) their reliance on Freedom Fries as primary source of carbohydrates b) yellow fever wiped out French soldiers c) Napoleon utilized indigenous soldiers to put down the revolution d) Napoleon's desire to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States e) the slaves never splintered into rival factions
b) yellow fever wiped out French soldiers
108. Which of the following relationships was not an example of economic imperialism? a) dependence of Central America on foreign loans b) control of Hawaiian sugar and pineapple harvests by the United States c) European control of the pace of Japanese industrialization d) Latin America's trade imbalance with Europe e) the United State's influence on Cuban plantations
c) European control of the pace of Japanese industrialization
13. What effect did nineteenth-century industrialization have on Europe's aristocratic class? a) Industrialization made the aristocratic class more powerful b) Industrialization had very little effect on the aristocratic class c) Industrialization gradually weakened the power and prestige of the aristocratic class d) Industrialization suddenly weakened the power and prestige of the aristocratic class e) Industrialization had no effect at all on the aristocratic class
c) Industrialization gradually weakened the power and prestige of the aristocratic class
17. How did industrialization affect the Atlantic slave trade? a) Reliance on machines caused the slave trade to end somewhat earlier than it would have otherwise b) Industrialization had little or no effect on the slave trade c) Industrialization of the textile trade increased the demand for U.S. cotton and revived slavery for several decades d) Industrialization quickly ended the slave trade e) Steam power allowed the British and U.S. navies to stop the slave trade altogether before the 1850s
c) Industrialization of the textile trade increased the demand for U.S. cotton and revived slavery for several decades
146. Which of the following occurred due to US imperialism? a) America develops a sphere of influence around South America with Eisenhower Doctrine b) America encouraged Panamian revolt to gain control of Suez Canal c) US becomes world power with annexation of Guam, Puerto Rico and Cuba d) America used British navy to support e) America becomes isolated and refuses to ever send troops to foreign countries
c) US becomes world power with annexation of Guam, Puerto Rico and Cuba
106. Which of the following was not a Western cultural attitude? a) increasing nationalist movements b) pursuing greater access to public education c) avoidance of secular worldview d) studying the mind is a science e) materialistm
c) avoidance of secular worldview
32. The Declaration of the Rights of Man a) increased the authority of feudal rights b) established natural rights not discussed by previous Western nations c) guaranteed freedoms of press and religion d) was embraced by other European nations e) reestablished the control of the Catholic Church
c) guaranteed freedoms of press and religion
51. As immigration increased a) European settler colonies were unable to control native populations b) industrialized nations began to lose profits c) indigenous populations suffered from disease d) young adults moved away from cities to the countryside in mass numbers e) middle class stayed in the cities while the poor were pushed to suburbs
c) indigenous populations suffered from disease
66. Which of the following was not a cause of economic difficulty for Latin American nations in the 19th century? a) failure to diversify economies b) reliance on slave labor to survive c) industrialization occcured too rapidly d) importation of manufactured goods e) predisposition to mere extraction of natural resources
c) industrialization occcured too rapidly
27. Which of the following was not a cause of the American Revolution a) enforcement of navigation laws b) frustration of colonists that they lacked representation in England c) opening of western lands to exploration and migration d) debt from Seven Years War e) notions of a social contract described by British writer John Locke
c) opening of western lands to exploration and migration
6. Which of the following best summarizes the reform movements of the Industrial Revolution? a) capitalism should not be checked by government intervention b) reform more possible in Russia than in the United States due to autocratic structure c) parliaments started passing laws that limited hours, child labor and worsened working conditions d) factory owners almost always made changes because they realized a happy, healthy, well-paid work force could be more productive e) the number of people with influence - aristocracy and middle class - increased pressuring the government to act on behalf of the workers
c) parliaments started passing laws that limited hours, child labor and worsened working conditions
23. Which of the following does not accurately reflect the changing role of women due to the Industrial Revolution? a) by 1900, most working women were single (they were usually young women not yet married) b) women were usually paid less than men c) reform laws eventually limited women's access to the marketplace d) upper class women more restricted to their home than in previous eras e) poor women actually had more opportunity for gender equality than upper/middle class women
c) reform laws eventually limited women's access to the marketplace
39. The French Revolution can be considered a success because a) the old royal family was put back into power b) it did away with all forms of absolute monarchy c) set the precedent that the voice of the masses could not be ignored d) it resulted in universal manhood suffrage e) tempered the spread of nationalism to European nations
c) set the precedent that the voice of the masses could not be ignored
126. When the Christian missionaries returned to China in 1844 a) they forced the nation to adopt Christian doctrine b) they refused to teach English and Western culture to the Chinese c) shared technological advances of the West d) allowed footbinding if the shoes were red e) they only negatively affected the region
c) shared technological advances of the West
138. Which of the following was not a negative effect of European imperialism in Africa a) arbitrary borders created by European powers would be the cause of many of the 20th century conflicts in Europe b) natural resources leave region benefitting Europe c) slave trade continues on West Coast, but is discontinued on the Swahili Coast d) fostered pattern of violence to obtain political control e) impeded the development of diverse economies
c) slave trade continues on West Coast, but is discontinued on the Swahili Coast
113. In India, the French were defeated by a) the Belgian military b) the Mughal empire c) the British East India Company d) janissaries e) colonial officers
c) the British East India Company
94. During the Tokugawa Shogunate a) power resided with the emperor b) the samurai fought with the haiyatsu for dominance c) the Tokugawa clan centralized government d) social mobility became increasingly possible e) Japan involved itself with world trade
c) the Tokugawa clan centralized government
35. Which of the following is not true about the cycle of revolution a) the initial stages are planned by the liberal nobility and wealthy middle class b) the radical phase becomes too radical leading to a conservative backlash c) the revolution almost always ends in a democracy d) the initial reforms aren't enough so the revolution becomes more radical e) the greatest freedoms come at the beginning of the revolution, but don't last
c) the revolution almost always ends in a democracy
62. The Haitian Revolution a) failed to receive the support of creoles and mulattoes b) was put down by Napoleon's agent Touissant L'Ouverture c) was caused in part by the self-serving French mercantilist policy d) inspired the American Revolution e) created the first nation in the Caribbean ruled under a policy of apartheid
c) was caused in part by the self-serving French mercantilist policy
18. Which of the following was a major advantage Britain had over Japan in industrializing a) British able to industrialize faster due to prior knowledge b) Britain is an island c) Britain has smarter people willing to work hard d) Britain has large domestic deposits of coal e) British government favored industrialization
d) Britain has large domestic deposits of coal
15. Who came up with the notion of the "iron law of wages" that the employer will pay the lowest possible wage to make a profit? a) Adam Smith b) Thomas Malthus c) Robert Owen d) David Ricardo e) Karl Marx
d) David Ricardo
137. Which of the following is not an accurate statement regarding Egypt in the 19th century? a) Muhammad Ali industrialized Egypt enabling it to gain autonomy from the Ottoman Empire b) Egypt eventually had to pay debts to Great Britain by allowing them to control the Suez Canal c) Britain wanted to control the Suez Canal to expedite trade with India d) Egypt's government essentially became a puppet government having to answer to France e) though Egypt didn't control the Suez Canal, they were given a share of ownership in the Panama Canal
d) Egypt's government essentially became a puppet government having to answer to France
124. Which of the following was not a reason China was unable to push back European influence? a) expensive cost of securing borders drained treasury b) population growth was not being matched by food harvests c) corrupt government officials d) Europe hadn't traded with China for over three hundred years e) string of incompetent leaders
d) Europe hadn't traded with China for over three hundred years
54. Which of the following does not reflect a population change during the Modern Era? a) birth rate eventually declines due to lack of need for farm laborers b) drop in death rate due to Louis Pasteur's germ research c) China's development of the sweet potato eventually increases the food supply d) Japanese population declines due to famine and agricultural famines e) improved sanitation improves health
d) Japanese population declines due to famine and agricultural famines
104. By 1900 a) governments across Europe dealt with the issue of how to maintain peace while giving power to the people through an elected body b) trade unions had yet to successfully motivate employers to listen to workers' demands c) the upper class was drawn to radical ideas that encouraged a redistribution of wealth d) Ottoman Empire had been losing control of its provinces for centuries e) arbitrary rule of dictators begins to outweigh written law
d) Ottoman Empire had been losing control of its provinces for centuries
95. The Meiji Restoration a) was implemented from above by the government b) was successful due to the dominance of the merchant class c) came without Western encouragement d) abolished payments to samurai e) created formal law code and elected parliament known as the Diet
d) abolished payments to samurai
38. The Congress of Vienna a) punished France by decreasing their borders to pre-medieval size b) formed moderate democracies in major European states c) attempted to divide Europe amongst the Prussians and the British d) attempted to maintain equilibrium in Europe by preventing any one nation from becoming too powerful or weak e) prevented any military conflict for a hundred years
d) attempted to maintain equilibrium in Europe by preventing any one nation from becoming too powerful or weak
37. Napoleon was successful in a) defeating Moscow b) making himself king of all of Europe c) turning the Holy Roman Empire into Germany d) bringing the freedoms of France to Europe e) conquering Austria, Prussia, Spain, Portugal and England
d) bringing the freedoms of France to Europe
52. Which of the following was not an effect of the Atlantic Slave Trade a) Africans began to rely more on the slave trade for economic gain b) Internal trade relies on the importation of foreign goods c) coastal kingdoms become ruled by merchants and warlords who take advantage of slave trade d) coastal communities were so strong due to slave trade that they could not be defeated by Europeans e) introduction of guns increased severity of conflicts between tribes
d) coastal communities were so strong due to slave trade that they could not be defeated by Europeans
29. One of the direct results of the American Revolution was a) France's impending economic crisis b) loss of all British territory in the Americas c) establishment of the United States of America - a communist dictatorship bent on taking over the world d) creation of a Constitution that discussed notions of government never before experienced in the history of mankind e) the election of John Adams as the first president of the United States
d) creation of a Constitution that discussed notions of government never before experienced in the history of mankind
93. In Russia, Alexander II a) was shot after trying to implement reforms b) increased censorship to maintain power of czar c) centralized government by taking power from provincial governments d) emancipated serfs in 1861 e) created Duma to satisfy radicals
d) emancipated serfs in 1861
33. Which of the following was not accomplished during the Reign of Terror a) killing of thousands of French by using the guillotine b) creation of a new constitution c) beheading of its leader Robespierre d) establishment of universal male suffrage e) refusal to adopt universal military conscription
d) establishment of universal male suffrage
9. What was the reaction to the Luddite protests? a) business began to incorporate Luddite traditions in operational manuals b) government sided with the Luddites c) factories began making more user-friendly machines d) government supported the bourgeoisie (factory owners) e) conservatives frustrated by Luddite support for technological advancement
d) government supported the bourgeoisie (factory owners)
30. Which of the following was not a cause of the French Revolution? a) the American Revolution b) economic policies of Louis XVI c) leisure expenditures of Marie Antoinette d) inability to collect taxes from the Third Estate e) Poor harvests and unemployment
d) inability to collect taxes from the Third Estate
97. Because of the Meiji Restoration a) meritocracy became the sole reason for career advancement b) middle class influence reverts to pre-Tokugawa era c) the lower class gained access to education and could now serve in military d) population decreased due to restrictions on birth rates e) the civil service exam was abolished
d) population decreased due to restrictions on birth rates (this is RULE: Industrialization always leads to population growth no matter where it happens)
28. Thomas Paine's Common Sense was notable for a) its clear outlining of the correct operation of the steam engine b) its firm rebuttal of Christian ideology c) its attempt to unite Canada and the United States against the British Empire d) statement that monarchy stripped America of its natural rights e) its limited press run
d) statement that monarchy stripped America of its natural rights
3. Which of the following best explains why Britain was able to industrialize first? a) Great Britain had vast deposits of natural energy sources - primarily coal, oil, and nuclear power b) By leaving their fields fallow, Great Britain was able to increase crop production c) life expectancy rose due to improved medical care, nutrition and hygiene d) steam power was invented by James Watt e) Rousseau's landmark Enlightenment work - The Wealth of Nations - outlined the steps Britain had already taken to industrialize
d) steam power was invented by James Watt
34. During the French Revolution, the Directory a) was led by three men who jointly ruled the executive branch b) failed to end the chaos in France c) increased the size of the military d) was replaced by Napoleon e) agreed on all proposals without debate
d) was replaced by Napoleon
99. During the early phases of women's reform movements a) women were granted the right to vote b) women struggled to improve divorce laws c) women discouraged temperance d) women ignored the slavery issue due to the existence of abolitionists e) Eastern Europe saw the greatest social advances
d) women ignored the slavery issue due to the existence of abolitionists
131. The primary European partition of Africa occurred between a) 1750 and 1780 b) 1780 and 1810 c) 1810 and 1840 d) 1840 and 1880 e) 1880 and 1910
e) 1880 and 1910
67. Which of the following best describes Latin America's relationship with Europe a) Europe had no influence on Latin America b) Europe had little influence on Latin America c) United States stayed out of Latin American affairs d) Europeans had no impact on political leaders of Latin America e) A huge European influence continued both economically and politically
e) A huge European influence continued both economically and politically
4. Which of the following was not a key phase of industrialization in Great Britain? a) steam engine use adapted to every economic field b) encouraged the development of vast networks of canals and railroads c) electricity surpasses steam and coal as primary energy source d) Bessemer Process takes impurities from iron allowing for the creation of steel e) Eli Whitney's invention of interchangeable parts prevented regions from exchanging technology
e) Eli Whitney's invention of interchangeable parts prevented regions from exchanging technology
45. Which of the following does not represent the ideology of ethnocentrism? a) desire to convert heathens to Christianity and civilize them in the European fashion b) Rudyard Kipling's novel the White Man's Burden c) Chinese believed they were the center of the world - the "Middle Kingdom" d) Japan believed they were racially superior having an emperor as descendant of the creator of man e) Europe had the military technology to act on their ethnocentric beliefs
e) Europe had the military technology to act on their ethnocentric beliefs
117. India a) made Britain the preeminent colonial power in the world b) was forever altered socially and politically c) saw its profits from raw materials sent back to England d) saw its local businesses threatened by British products e) all of the above
e) all of the above
98. A woman who subscribed to the "cult of true womanhood" would a) contradict her husband if she knew the correct course of action b) utilize her free time to champion reform movements c) was free to explore her sexuality d) be able to fight in the military if properly trained e) be comfortable staying at home to care for her husband
e) be comfortable staying at home to care for her husband
143. In what ways were the African colonies different from the Indian colonies? a) both colonies solely controlled by British b) boundary lines determined without concern for local population c) infrastructure not brought to major cities d) both colonies saw violence between indigenous groups e) by 1900 India controlled by one nation whereas Africa controlled by many
e) by 1900 India controlled by one nation whereas Africa controlled by many
55. The end of the Atlantic Slave Trade a) was enforced by Great Britain after the abolition of the slave trade in 1640 b) might have officially ended, but still over two million slaves were traded illegally c) only increased the power of the coastal kingdoms d) left the African states independent and economically vibrant e) came at the same time as the end of the Islamic slave trade
e) came at the same time as the end of the Islamic slave trade
24. Middle class housewives during the Industrial Revolution a) lived in suburbs and sometimes managed a servant b) expansive social opportunities consistently involving white collar laborers c) resisted pull of traditional role in house d) were the most active opponents of suffrage e) did not have access to labor saving devices
e) did not have access to labor saving devices
19. Which of the following was a difference between Japanese industrialization and British industrialization? a) success of women's reform movements b) class tensions developed c) limited foreign investment d) rapid urbanization e) factories built quickly
e) factories built quickly
56. The ideal women during the Victorian Age a) fought for reform efforts b) worked in the factory to support a family c) held off marriage until she found someone she truly loved d) was consistently exposed to foul jokes and grotesque images e) focused on proper manners and etiquette
e) focused on proper manners and etiquette
145. Which of the following was not a reason for the decline of the Ottoman Empire? a) mediocre rulers b) janissary support for reform c) conservative religious leaders concerned about change d) Ottoman Empire too large to control border regions e) growing threat of European imperialism
e) growing threat of European imperialism
72. Dowager Empress Cixi a) has a name I can readily pronounce b) nephew's concubine who ruled in his place c) encouraged implementation of Western reform ideals d) eventually arrested Emperor after considering Hundred Days Reform e) increased territorial holdings of China
e) increased territorial holdings of China
44. Which of the following occurred during the Modern Era? a) Europe had a head start in industrialization due to their previous voyages of exploration, colonization and control of world trading networks b) unification of Germany, Italy and France c) end of absolute monarchies d) developments in one region have impact on other regions e) nationalism becomes huge force uniting people
e) nationalism becomes huge force uniting people
20. Which of the following was not a technological innovation of the Industrial Revolution? a) new weaponry b) cotton gin that made textile revolution possible c) new technological innovations to extract resources from earth d) Spinning Jenny e) ox-drawn plow
e) ox-drawn plow
91. Which of the following was not a reason why nations moved toward representative government in the 19th century? a) industrialization b) modernization c) urbanization d) population growth e) religion
e) religion
43. Which of the following was not a shift of the Modern Era? a) mechanization and industrialization become driving forces b) mercantilism and feudalism replaced by capitalism c) elite status can now be achieved through wealth d) scientific/secular world begins to dominate thought e) republican governments come to an end in favor of stable monarchies
e) republican governments come to an end in favor of stable monarchies
61. Which of the following is not a reason why historians claim the American Revolution was not actually a revolution? a) merely the exchange of power from one wealthy group to another b) actually an independence movement c) social/political structure remained relatively unchanged d) regions of Colonial America already ruled with a growing degree of autonomy e) the Declaration of Independence was actually just copied from the work of John Locke
e) the Declaration of Independence was actually just copied from the work of John Locke
2. Which of the following was not an effect of the Industrial Revolution? a) Western countries hesitant to export industrialization to colonies to maintain favorable dominance of trade b) labor became less-skilled c) empowered people to believe they should have say in the government d) led to reform movements that limited working hours and child labor e) the wealthy middle class left urban areas for the suburbs
e) the wealthy middle class left urban areas for the suburbs
125. Which of the following is not a reason the Manchu Emperor of China outlawed the Opium Trade in 1839? a) decrease in productivity resulting from addiction b) unfair trade balance c) decline in Chinese values d) fear of ever increasing influence of the West e) workers too effective because opium heightens the senses and makes a human able to work for 27 hours straight without a break
e) workers too effective because opium heightens the senses and makes a human able to work for 27 hours straight without a break
