APES

A family of five recently replaced its 5-gallon-per-minute showerheads with water-saving 2-gallon-per-minute showerheads. Each member of the family averages 8 minutes in the shower per day. In a 30-day period, how many fewer gallons of water will the family use with the new showerheads?

3,600

Approximately 60 percent of municipal solid waste in the United States is composed of some form of organic matter that could be composted. Every American generates approximately 2 kg of waste every day. The amount of compostable waste that could be generated by one individual in a week would be closest to

8.4 kg

Which of the following describes a component of a modern sanitary landfill?

A bottom liner of plastic or clay to prevent groundwater contamination

Important factors that contribute to smog formation in the Los Angeles basin include which of the following?

Ample summer sunshine and High concentration of automobiles

Which of the following is a primary air pollutant produced from burning coal?

Carbon monoxide

how is coal formed

Coal contains the energy stored by plants that lived hundreds of millions of years ago in swampy forests. Layers of dirt and rock covered the plants over millions of years. The resulting pressure and heat turned the plants into the substance we call coal.

Which of the following energy sources produces the most air pollutants when used during the generation of electricity?

Fuel oil

which of the following would result in the largest reduction in volume of municipal solid waste disposed of in landfills?

Introduce composting programs for yard trimmings and food waste

what best describes one way the Clean Air Act helped reduce air pollution?

Introduced regulatory measures to control the amount of lead in fuels

Of the following, which is the most serious immediate problem associated with sanitary landfills?

Leachate contamination of groundwater

Which of the following best explains the pattern in NO concentration?

NO is produced by rush-hour traffic and is quickly oxidized in the atmosphere.

Which of the following is a common component of photochemical smog and is a reddish-brown gas with a pungent odor?

Nitrogen dioxide, NO2

Which of the following is an effective alternative to chlorine for disinfecting wastewater in a municipal treatment plant?

Ozone

Step P. Water is passed through a screen to remove debris. Step Q. Pathogenic organisms are killed by chlorination, UV, or ozone. Step R. Suspended particles clump and settle out. Step S. A floccing agent, such as alum, is added to the water. The processes described above are steps in the purification and treatment of municipal wastewater. The steps are listed in random order. Which of the following lists the steps in the correct sequence?

P → S → R → Q

Which of the following correctly orders the methods of solid-waste management in terms of energy required? least energy to most energy

Reduce Reuse Recycle

Which of the following best explains the cause of the trend shown in the graph for lead emissions in the United States from 1970 to 2011

Unleaded gasoline was first introduced in 1974, and amendments to the Clean Air Act required cars with the model year 1975 or later to use only unleaded gasoline.

how do you measure amps

W=AxV

Which of the following is the best example of gray water?

Water that has been used for bathing and for washing clothes

Which of the following identifies an unintended result from recycling programs?

When items are placed in recycling that cannot be recycled, the cost of recycling increases.

what are tragedy of the commons

an economic problem where the individual consumes a resource at the expense of society

what are the four types of coal

anthracite, bituminous, subbituminous, and lignite

Which type of electricity-generating power plant releases radioactive materials as well as toxic metals such as lead and arsenic under normal operating conditions?

coal burning

Most plastics pose a special problem in the waste stream because they

decompose slowly, if at all, and persist as solid waste

Many homeowners are unaware that their garbage may contain hazardous waste, which should be taken to a designated hazardous waste dump site instead of being placed in their regular trash. All of the following are considered household hazardous waste EXCEPT

food scraps

decompose slowly, if at all, and persist as solid waste

landfilling

(A) Sulfur dioxide (B) Lead (C) Ozone (D) Hydrocarbons (E) Particulates Implicated in human neurological damage

lead

Ground-level ozone in most major United States cities results primarily from

motor-vehicle exhaust

This process uses chlorine, ultraviolet radiation, or ozone as part of the disinfection of wastewater.

release to environment

electricity is a _______ of energy

secondary source

what are the three lenses

social, economic and environmental

A sustainable society would emphasize

using energy efficiently and reusing and recycling matter

Large objects, such as sticks and rocks, are screened out and removed during this process.

waste water

which of the following materials would be best suited for incineration to reduce total volume, produce energy, and have minimal release of air pollutants?

wood