APES Chapter 18 Waste Management Quiz [HHS]

The international treaty banning participating countries from shipping hazardous wastes internationally; the US refused to sign this treaty.

Basel convention

The use of bacteria and enzymes to help destroy toxic or hazardous substances in soil or convert them to harmless compounds; may be cheaper to use than other methods and especially useful on contaminated soil.

Bioremediation

Require a deposit for every bottle purchased, and refund the deposit when the bottle is returned.

Bottle bills

According to the United Nations, much of the world's e-waste is shipped to this country for dismantling and recycling.

China

One advantage of materials recovery facilities (MRFs) is that _________.

Combustible wastes can be burned to generate electricty

Recycling a product that is not useful or long-lived as the original item; a type of secondary recycling.

Downcycling

Which statement is not a key principle for transitioning to a low-waste society?

Economic growth and free markets reduce waste.

An ideal whereby every person is entitled to protection from environmental hazards regardless of race, gender, age, national origin, income, social class, or any political factor.

Environmental justice

Any liquid, solid, or containerized gas that can catch fire easily,, is corrosive to skin tissue or metals, is unstable and can explode or release toxic fumes, or has harmful concentrations of one or more toxic materials than can leach out.

Hazardous waste

Waste produced by mines, factories, refineries, food growers and businesses that supply people with goods and services.

Industrial solid

Which of the following is an advantage to the 'source separation' approach to recycling?

It provides less air and water pollution than using an MRF facility

As waste decomposes in a sanitary landfill it generates this landfill gas that can be collected with vertical pipes in the landfill.

Methane

Waste that includes materials discarded by homes and businesses in or near urban areas like; paper, food, wastes, cans, bottles, yard waste, glass, wood, plastic bags and similar items.

Municipal solid

In many less-developed countries, much of the municipal solid waste ends up in this type disposal.

Open dump

The material makes up the largest portion of municipal solid waste in the United States.

Paper

Using natural or genetically engineered plants as "pollution sponges" that are able to absorb, filter, and remove contaminants from polluted soil and water.

Phytoremediation

Waste generated in a manufacturing process represents the majority of recyclable wastes.

Preconsumer

Materials that are recycled into products of the same type using materials, such as aluminum, again for the same purpose.

Primary recycling

The "R" of waste reduction can be described as "don't use it".

Refuse

Used in the United States to regulate hazardous waste by keeping track of waste that is transferred from a point of generation (cradle) to an off-site disposal facility (grave) and proof of disposal must be submitted to the EPA; AKA cradle to grave.

Resource Conservation & Recovery Act

The cradle to grave approach give the highest priority to this "R", refers to "use it over and over"; examples include, taking cloth bags to the grocery store for packaging of items, taking a refillable coffee cup to the office and using it instead of throwaway cups.

Reusing

Recycling materials into different products than the ones they were initially a part of, may also be describe as downcycling.

Secondary recycling

Passed in 1980, the goals are to identify sites where hazardous wastes have contaminated the environment and to clean them up.

Superfund (CERCLA)

Some liquid hazardous wastes are stored in lined ponds, pits, or lagoons known as this.

Surface impoundments

Sanitary landfills typically have problems with _______.

Traffic, noise, rodents and dust

Garbologists have discovered that trash in landfills is slow to decompose. Why is this?

Trash is compacted so tightly that sunlight, water, and air are unable to reach it.

The world's largest producer municipal solid waste (MSW); this industrialized nation refused to sign the International Basel Convention to reduce and/or control movement of hazardous e-waste across international boundaries.

United States

The recycling of products into more valuable products.

Upcycling

All of the following are waste prevention techniques EXCEPT

Using integrated waste management

One way to deal with the creation of solid wastes is to reduce the environmental impact without trying to reduce the amount of waste produced.

Waste management

One way to deal with the creation of solid wastes begins with the question "How can we avoid producing so much solid waste?"

Waste reduction

Using the heat released by burning trash to heat water or interior spaces or for producing electricity to offsets energy production costs and reducing the volume of waste.

Waste to energy incineration

What is an advantage of deep-well disposal of liquid hazardous wastes?

Wastes can often be retrieved.