APES Unit 4 Review
What is a hot spot
A hot spot is a short section of volcanoes without earthquakes found away from plate boundaries. The Hawaiian Islands are an example of a hot spot.
The San Andreas Fault lies on what type of boundary?
A transform
Why does summer occur in Australia at the same time that winter occurs in North America?
Because of earth's tilt. At this time of year, the Earth is tilted in such a way that Australia receives solar radiation nearly perpendicular to the Earth's surface, resulting in highly concentrated rays during the summer season.
What are the sustainable six
Consume less, redesign manufacturing processes to produce less waste and pollution / to use less energy and materials, develop products that are easy to repair/reuse/recycle/etc, design products to last longer, and to eliminate unnecessary packaging
What plate boundary results in seafloor spreading?
Divergent boundaries
What side of a mountain will there be more rivers?
For the Andes mountain, Trade winds come from the east, so the east side of the mountain will have air currents rising, cooling, and dropping precipitation before going over the mountain and descending on the other side, creating drier conditions. Increased precipitation on the eastern side supports the claim that more rivers would be expected on the eastern side of the mountain range.
What is an explanation for the formation of tropical wind cells?
Heat from the Sun warms moist air near the equator and causes it to rise. The moist air cools and dries as it moves away from the equator. In the Northern Hemisphere the cooler air moves north to south, and in the Southern Hemisphere it moves south to north. This circulation is called a tropical (Hadley) cell. The process forms a high-pressure region at 30 degrees latitude where air sinks
What is a direct economic consequence that would likely occur if an area of forest was clear-cut so that a housing development can be built?
Hunting licenses represent a financial gain by the state and county in forested areas, so if a forest is clear-cut, this would eliminate a viable area to hunt. Fewer hunting licenses purchased would be a negative economic consequence.
What results from La Nina?
Increase upwellings
After intensive logging, most of the trees along a stream have been removed. Which of the following water quality changes would most likely occur downstream after logging?
Increased erosion would occur when the soil is no longer held in place by the tree roots. This will increase the turbidity of the stream and cause the temperature to increase. Additionally, the lack of trees around the stream would most likely increase the amount of solar insolation on the stream, leading to higher temperatures.
Which of the following describes an unintended consequence that results from large-scale agricultural use of water from an aquifer?
Increased withdrawal of water leads to lowering the water table when discharge exceeds recharge. This practice is not sustainable.
What would decrease with the manufacture, application, and use of synthetic fertilizers rather than organic fertilizers?
Recycling of organic matter
What would result from removing trees located on a watershed?
Removing large trees that are present near a watershed would increase the effects of sunlight, keeping the water and soil warmer. This would increase thermal pollution and provide a less stable temperature for organisms.
How are global wind patterns created?
Solar radiation is most direct at low latitudes and least at high latitudes. This results in the air masses having different densities and the Coriolis effect that deflects the air masses, creating winds.
What layer of the atmosphere is ozone located in?
Stratosphere
Which of the following abiotic factors, when graphed on the x-axis, leads to the curved line in the graph due to variation in the different layers of the atmosphere?
The layers of the atmosphere are a consequence of temperature gradients, as depicted by the curved line in the figure.
What formed the tradewinds?
The rotation of the earth
Which of the following environmental effects would most likely result from the clear-cutting of boreal forests by industrial logging operations?
There will be an increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, which will contribute to climate change.
Which of the following best describes the advantages and disadvantages of drip irrigation?
This method most efficiently delivers water directly to plant roots compared with other methods, and wastes less water, but it may be too costly for farmers in developing countries to use.
Which of the following agricultural practices results in soil degradation and most contributes to erosion?
Tilling is the practice of plowing crops after each harvest, exposing the soil and reducing ground cover after harvest. This practice leads to high soil erosion and degradation.
During an El Niño event, farmers in the southwestern United Stated often benefit from which of the following climatic changes?
Wetter and Warmer weather that increases soil moisture
What would be helpful to determine soil texture?
a density gradient tube and soil triangle
solid waste
any unwanted or discarded material that is not a liquid or gas
Biomimicry
learning from ecosystems and adapting their characteristics to human and organizational situations.
Where do divergent boundaries occur?
mid-ocean ridges
garbage
solid waste produced by humans
resource exchange
when the waste of one manufacture becomes the raw materials for another