APES Unit 4 test

farm is experiencing extensive crop loss due to high rains causing overly saturated soils. Which of the following approaches would best help the farmer alleviate the problem?

Amending the soil with clay to increase the water-holding capacity of the soil

Based on the graph, which of the following can be concluded about the latitudes of the two locations?

Both locations are at the same latitude.

Of the following, which is the most likely composition of the soil sample?

Clay- 10% Silt- 10% Sand- 80%

team at a university in Pennsylvania has concerns about the health of streams in a watershed because of the various land uses in the area. There has been an increase in road repair work, and the arca has many dairy farms. Which of the following would be most effective at preventing sediment runoff into the streams of the watershed?

Construct at least one dam on a stream in the watershed to improve flood control.

FRQ1: Why does the southern hemisphere (specifically the west coast of canada) experience longer days in december than India?

Due to the tilt axis of the earth. The southern Hemisphere experiences reversed seasons compared to our "normal"

Earth currently rotates on an axis at an angle of 23.5 degrees. If that axis changed to 20 degrees, so that the axis was closer to vertical, which of the following would be expected to occur?

Earth would experience a change in seasonal timing and length.

Which of the following statements correctly explains the tectonic plate activity on the West Coast of the United States?

Earthquakes occur at the San Andreas Fault when stored energy is released from locked plates.

FRQ2:Describe the seasonal changes in global wind patterns between Jan-July in South Africa

Monsoon season

Which of the following is the most abundant gas by volume in the atmosphere?

N2

Scientists are looking for new locations to generate electricity using geothermal energy. Which of the following locations would be the best choice for a geothermal energy generating plant?

Near tectonic plate boundaries

The city of London in the United Kingdom is found approximately at the same latitude as the city of Calgary in Canada. Calgary has an average high temperature in December of 4.6 degrees Celsius, while London has an average high temperature of 8.6 degrees Celsius. Which of the following statements best explains why the average temperature of London is warmer than that of Calgary in December?

Oceanic currents warm the atmosphere in London.

Based on the data in the table above, which of the following samples would be the most prone to becoming waterlogged?

Sample D

Based on the soil texture triangle, which of the following would describe soil that was 25% clay, 25% and 50% sand?

Sandy Clay loam

Which of the following best describes why the engineer chose to calculate the permeability of the soil sample in the experimental design in order to evaluate a natural containment system to protect groundwater?

Soils that have low penneability would best help protect groundwater because the soil traps pollutants so that chemical and biological breakdown can occur.

Which of the following is the source of energy driving the circulation pattern labeled C in the diagram?

Solar radiation

This layer of Earth's atmosphere contains the ozone layer that absorbs the sun's ultraviolet rays.

Stratosphere

FRQ3:Identify the direction that winds from the Northern hemisphere are deflected and why it occurs

The Coriolis effect. Deflection occurs in winds that originate from the north in the norther polar cells and the northern hadley cell.

Which of the following best explains why the lower portion of the troposphere is warmer than the upper portion?

The lower portion of the troposphere is separated by the ozone layer from the upper portion, so the lower portion absorbs more sunlight, increasing the temperature.

This layer of earths atmosphere contains the fewest molecules of the layers shown, and the lowest density of gas leads to very few molecules transferring heat to an object. In this layer, ultraviolet radiation causes photodissociation of molecules, creating ions.

Thermosphere

Brown pelicans are fish-eating birds. As a result of an El Nino event, the population of brown pelicans in southern califonia declines. Which of the following best explains the relationship between the El Niño event and the population decline?

Warmer ocean temperatures can cause fish to move to colder water farther from pelican nest sites.

Students want to determine the impact of soil erosion from the development of new housing. They plan to measure the density of a species of algae growing along the bottom of a river that flows through their town. The town is built in a heavily forested area, but a large area of trees along the river was recently clear-cut to allow for the construction of a new housing development, which has caused exposed soil to wash into the river. The river flows north to south through the town and is still forested both up- and downstream of the town. Which of the following would be the best control sample for the study?

sample of water collected just downstream of the northern forest

Most deserts on Earth are located near the 30° north and 30° south latitudes because humidity: is lower at 30°. The best explanation for the lower humidity is that

warm air rises at the equator, cools, and sinks at 30° latitude