APES Unit 4 test retake

WATER SAMPLE PIC Which of the following properties of the soil sample most influences the flow of water through the sample?

permeability

LATITUDE CIRCLE Which latitude shown on the diagram above experiences 24 hours of daylight on December 21?

E (Antarctic CIrcle)

At which of the following sites is an earthquake most likely to occur as two plates slide sideways past each other? (circular globe lettered plate diagram)

C

Most deserts on Earth are located near the 30° north and 30° south latitudes because humidity is lower at 30°. The best explanation for the lower humidity is that

warm air rises at the equator, cools, and sinks at 30° latitude

Area where new crust is being created at a divergent plate boundary (map crust plate picture)

B

At which of the following sites would activity result in volcanoes, island arcs, and mountains? (circular globe lettered plate diagram)

B (convergent boundaries)

Area that exhibits a growing nonvolcanic mountain chain due to uplift (map crust plate picture)

C

SOIL TRIANGLE What are the proportions of sand, silt, and clay for the soil at point T?

D- sand: 60% silt: 30% clay: 10%

Which of the following is a positive effect likely to result from an El Niño event?

Fewer hurricanes forming in the Central Atlantic basin

Which of the following changes in eastern Pacific Ocean food webs is typically associated with La Niña events?

Increased phytoplankton concentrations

LAYERS OF ATMOSPHERE DIAGRAM Which of the following correctly characterizes one of Earth's atmospheric layers?

Layer D is the thermosphere, where auroras are found

CHART PROBLEM Students sampled several different gardens near their school and measured the percentages of silt, sand, clay, and humus content present in each sample. Their results are shown in the table below. Based on the data in the table above, which of the following samples would be the most prone to becoming waterlogged?

Sample D

SUN RAY EARTH DIAGRAM Which of the following correctly describes the season and length of day at the Tropic of Cancer at the time of year shown in the diagram?

The Northern Hemisphere is tilted away from the Sun so it is winter at the Tropic of Cancer and daylight is less than twelve hours per day.

SUN RAY EARTH DIAGRAM If the diagram illustrates Earth's relative position on December 21 of a given year, which of the following statements would be correct?

The Tropic of Cancer has a shorter day and lower solar radiation intensity because there is a direct relationship between day length and radiation intensity.

Students want to determine the impact of soil erosion from the development of new housing. They plan to measure the density of a species of algae growing along the bottom of a river that flows through their town. The town is built in a heavily forested area, but a large area of trees along the river was recently clear-cut to allow for the construction of a new housing development, which has caused exposed soil to wash into the river. The river flows north to south through the town and is still forested both up- and downstream of the town. Which of the following is the dependent variable in the study?

The density of a species of algae growing along the bottom of the river

LAYERS OF ATMOSPHERE DIAGRAM Based on the diagram, which of the following identifies a characteristic of the atmosphere between the stratopause and the tropopause?

The ozone layer is in the stratosphere

WIND CITY BUILDING DIAGRAM Which of the following best explains why City B regularly receives less precipitation than City A?

The rain shadow effect causes City B to be drier because the mountain blocks precipitation from reaching the city

US STATE MAP DIAGRAM In the desert regions of the southwestern United States, daily high and low temperatures will frequently fluctuate by 40°F (33°C) or more. Which statement below best explains the large variation in temperature?

There are no bordering oceans or large bodies of water to provide a stabilizing humidity to the air.

Students want to determine the impact of soil erosion from the development of new housing. They plan to measure the density of a species of algae growing along the bottom of a river that flows through their town. The town is built in a heavily forested area, but a large area of trees along the river was recently clear-cut to allow for the construction of a new housing development, which has caused exposed soil to wash into the river. The river flows north to south through the town and is still forested both up- and downstream of the town. Which of the following explains the variable that would be the best for students to measure to determine the direct impact of soil erosion caused by the construction project on the river?

Turbidity, because a decrease in water clarity would indicate an increase in soil erosion

GLOBAL CIRCULATION DIAGRAM Which of the following causes the air to rise high into the atmosphere in the areas labeled A, B, and C on the diagram?

Warm, moist air that is less dense than the surrounding air

Which of the following is the correct order of soil particles in order of increasing size?

clay-silt-sand

GLOBAL CIRCULATION DIAGRAM Which of the following is a biome found at 30°N and 30°S as seen in the diagram?

deserts

ATMOSPHERE DIAGRAM Region that contains the majority of molecules in the atmosphere

troposphere

SOIL LAYERS DIAGRAM Which of the lettered choices in the soil profile above represents the region with the greatest concentration of organic material?

A

At which of the following sites does seafloor spreading result in rifts and possible volcanoes? (circular globe lettered plate diagram)

A (divergent boundary)

SUN RAY EARTH DIAGRAM Which of the following areas receives the most intense solar radiation at the time of year shown in the diagram, and why?

The Tropic of Capricorn, because this latitude is nearly horizontal to incoming solar radiation.

CHART PROBLEM An environmental engineer wants to examine the permeability of different soils to determine the best natural containment system to protect groundwater from pollutants. The engineer tests four different soil samples, places them into a wet column, and pours 50mL50mL of water over each sample..... Which of the following best describes the independent variable in this research design?

The sample of material chosen as the potential container material is the variable being tested, so it is the independent variable.

A student group is involved in a restoration study of a nearby disturbed area. They decide to collect six soil samples and analyze them for carbon (C) and nitrogen (N). Two of the samples are found to be very high in C and N, but the other four samples are low in both. The students also notice that the color of the two soil samples that are high in C and N is very dark. Which of the following is the most likely explanation of the data?

Two of the samples were collected from an A horizon, and the others were collected from a B horizon.

The Sun's radiation provides the energy for all of the following EXCEPT

plate tectonics

GLOBAL CIRCULATION DIAGRAM Which of the following is the source of energy driving the circulation pattern labeled C in the diagram?

solar radiation