APES Unit 7 Questions

Step down transformers are useful to reduce the voltage on a line. Which of the following is/are an example(s) of a step-down transformer?

-Cell phone charging brick, -The transformer on your laptop charging cable., - The transformer in your neighborhood that is prepared electricity for use in your house.

After five half-lives, what percentage of the original radioactive material is left?

1/32

Thermal conversion facilities, such as coal-fired and nuclear power plants, are only _______% efficient; remainder "wasted."

40

What is the typical voltage range American electrical utilities use in their distribution lines?

7,200 - 24,900 volts

Where is high-level radioactive waste stored in the United States?

At the site of waste generation.

Which of the following is NOT an alternative form of energy?

Coal

Which one of the following statements is best about the level of pollutants released from the burning of coal.

Coal types can be classified from most polluting to least polluting. Lignite is the most polluting, followed by bituminous, and finally anthracite which is the least polluting type of coal

Peat

Decomposing plant material that is collect from wetlands, dried, and then burned.

Alternative energy sources produce ancient carbon dioxide (CO2).

False

Electrical energy is not lost during transmission.

False

Hydraulic fracturing is a newly discovered technology useful in the extraction of gas and oil.

False

Using high resistance wires to convert electricity into heat is very energy efficient.

False

Which type of nuclear reaction is currently used to make electricity?

Fission

Choose the description that best describes coal.

Fossilized remains of plants that died during the Carboniferous Era.

Select any/all from the following list of items that will block gamma radiation.

Glass, Lead, Concrete

The power __________ is the system of producers and consumers of electricity.

Grid

___________ -level radioactive waste is the highly radioactive materials produced as a byproduct of the reactions that occur inside nuclear reactors.

High

Hydropower is widely used to generate electricity. Which of the following are problems associated with the use of hydropower? I. Can only be used near active geology. II. Reservoirs created by dams can be significant sources of methane III. Dams disrupt the natural flow of water in rivers.

II and III

Which of the following fuels produces less pollutants than the others when burned? I. Coal II. Natural Gas III. Wood

II only

Which of the following lighting technologies is most efficient at converting electricity into light?

Light-emitting diode (LED)

Choose any/all from the following list that are required elements of an electrical circuit.

Load, Energy source, Conducting path

Coal ash is particularly toxic because of the presence of which of the following elements?

Mercury

Select the statement that most correctly describes where recently created high-level radioactive waste must be stored.

Must be stored at site of creation.

Which one of the following produces 50% less carbon dioxide than coal when burned?

Natural gas

Which of the following PV panel systems is least effective at producing energy?

No tracking, tilted east

Which of the following is a significant problem associated with solar power?

Solar power is difficult/impossible to use at night to generate electricity.

Select any/all from the following list that are energy vampires.

Step down transformers (e.g., the charging brick on your laptop or phone)., The clock on your microwave

Which one of the following statements best describes the fundamental climate problem associated with burning fossil fuels?

The carbon dioxide released from burning fossil fuels is not a part of the modern biogeochemical cycles, which leads to it accumulating in the atmosphere.

Wood

The remains of trees that are cut into appropriately sized lengths, dried, and burned.,

Step-up transformers are useful to increase the voltage on a line. Which of the following is/are an example(s) of a step-up transformer?

The transformer on a high voltage distribution line., The transformer in the switch yard at the electricity generating facility.

Dung

The waste produced by animals, collected, dried, and then burned.,

An electrical generator is an electric motor working in reverse.

True

Fossil fuels produce "ancient" CO2 when burned. The carbon released is not from the modern carbon cycle.

True

Nuclear fusion does NOT produce any radioactive waste.

True

The burning of fossil fuels produces so-called "ancient" carbon dioxide.

True

Identify which of the following technologies use a turbine and generator to make electricity.

Wind turbines, Nuclear power plant, Coal fired power plant, Geothermal power plant

Energy _______ is the amount of energy stored in a given system or region of space per unit volume. Choose the best/most appropriate answer.

density

​Energy _________ is the measure of energy produced versus the amount of energy consumed.​

efficiency

A/an electrical ________ is used to convert kinetic energy into electricity.​

generator

Resistance

is the measure of the opposition to the flow of electrical current.

Infrared radiation

is/are low-quality energy; a common by-product of energy transformations.

Which one of the following gases is a by-product of creating deep reservoirs for hydropower?

methane

Which of the following gases is released from the structure labeled C in the diagram?

water vapor