APhA Vaccination Questions
How long does it take for the immune system to provide protection by producing disease-specific antibodies and memory cells? 5 days 21 days 14 days 7 days
14 days
Which of the following vaccines is not recommended during pregnancy? Human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) Inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) Tetanus, diphtheria, acellular pertussis (Tdap) Hepatitis B (HepB)
HPV
Health literacy is considered a part of which domain of social determinants of health? Health care access Social and community context Neighborhood and built environment Economic stability
Health care access
Which of the below statements regarding Human papillomavirus (HPV) serotypes is true? HPV is a small RNA virus transmitted via sexual skin to skin contact. HPV low risk serotypes, such as type 16, cause about 50% of all cervical cancer cases worldwide. There are only 9 known serotypes of HPV. High risk serotypes are estimated to cause 99% of cervical precancers
High risk serotypes are estimated to cause 99% of cervical precancers
Which of the following statements is true regarding forming relationships with other immunization stakeholders? It supersedes the need to create print marketing materials It can enhance your marketing efforts It can be risky if other providers feel threatened by competition It is a function best left to the pharmacy's sales and marketing team
It can enhance your marketing efforts
A potential advantage of accommodating walk-in vaccines, compared with only scheduling appointments, is that: It helps the patient receive multi-dose series vaccines according to the recommended schedule. It allows the pharmacy to ensure adequate staffing to support demand. It allows the pharmacy to ensure that enough vaccine is on hand. It may allow greater flexibility and convenience for the patient.
It may allow greater flexibility and convenience for the patient.
A 9 year-old was just diagnosed with asplenia. This child is up to date on all routinely recommended vaccines. Which additional vaccine does this child need? PCV13 MenB MenACWY Hib
MenACWY
Which setting best facilitates the delivery of a mass vaccination clinic for the general population? On-site community event Physician practice Long-term care facility Community pharmacy
On-site community event
Which of the following is TRUE for the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23)? PPSV23 should not be given to children less than 2 years of age PPSV23 is a live vaccine PPSV23 relies on T-cell to mount an immune response PPSV23 is routinely recommended for all children
PPSV23 should not be given to children less than 2 years of age
Which of the following best describes the preparation stage of the Transtheoretical Model of Health Behavior Change? Patients modify their behavior. Patients have no intention to change behavior. Patients are aware that a problem exists and are seriously thinking about overcoming it. Patients intend to take action in the next month to change their behavior.
Patients intend to take action in the next month to change their behavior.
For which of the following conditions are both PCV13 and PPSV23 recommended? Alcoholism Chronic liver disease Asplenia Diabetes
asplenia
Which of the following is a potential long term complication from meningococcal disease? Amputations Stiff neck Headache Photophobia
amputations
What type of vaccine is meningococcal quadrivalent vaccine? Recombinant Viral vector Conjugate Polysaccharide
conjugate
Refrigerated vaccines should be maintained at temperatures between: 35°F and +46°F 33°F and +40°F 32°F and +40°F 34°F and +42°F
35°F and +46°F
Why is spacing and timing of vaccines important? Antibodies interfere with inactive vaccines Circulating antibodies may interfere with immune response Memory t-cells interfere with the immune response Antigen load may interfere with immune response
Circulating antibodies may interfere with immune response
A patient presents to the pediatric clinic for their 5 year old well check before entering kindergarten. They received rotavirus at 2 and 4 months and Pentacel (DTaP/IPV/Hib) at 2, 4, 6, and 15 months. What vaccine should they need to receive today?
IPV
The whooping cough associated with pertussis occurs in this stage of disease: Paroxysmal Catarrhal Convalescence Initial
paroxysmal
How is streptococcus pneumoniae primarily transmitted? Respiratory droplets or secretions Spores in the environment Fecal-oral route Direct contact with an open wound
respiratory droplets or secretions
The Vaccine for Children (VFC) program pays for which of the following? The vaccine administration supplies The administration fee The refrigerator needed to store the vaccine The vaccine
the vaccine
Which of the following is considered a systemic symptom of anaphylaxis? Fever Myalgia Diarrhea and vomiting Headache
diarrhea and vomiting
An adverse event that is considered a systemic reaction to a vaccine is: Fever Tenderness Wheezing Angioedema
fever
Which of the following vaccines contains a synthetic adjuvant? Havrix Engerix Recombivax Heplisav
heplisav
A young adult presenting with swelling of the parotid glands most likely has which of the following diseases: Measles Mumps Rubella Congenital Rubella
mumps
Which of the following statements would be appropriate for a pharmacy technician to make? "Because you are high risk, you should receive the pneumococcal vaccine." "After reviewing your records, I think you should receive the hepatitis B vaccine." "You should receive the influenza vaccine." "We are now offering herpes zoster vaccines in the pharmacy."
"We are now offering herpes zoster vaccines in the pharmacy."
When counseling the parent of a 1-year-old receiving the MMR vaccine, they should be told that their child may get a measles-like rash after how long from vaccination? 6 weeks 48 hours 1 week Immediately
1 week
ACIP recommends the hepatitis A vaccine be administered to all children starting at which age? 6 months 5 years 12 months 11 years
12 months
If an 11 year old child never got the hepatitis B vaccine series, what is the minimum amount of time that must occur between dose 1 and dose 3 when getting this child caught up? 6 months 4 weeks 8 weeks 16 weeks
16 weeks
An adolescent received his first meningococcal conjugate quadrivalent (MenACWY) vaccine at age 13 years, when should he receive his booster dose? 14 years No booster is needed 16 years 20 years
16 years
A child received the MMR vaccine when he was 9 months of age before moving out of the country with his parents. He is now 4 years old and about to enter Kindergarten. How many, if any, doses of MMR should the child receive now? 3 2 None 1
2
Children less than what age do not mount an adequate immune response to t-cell independent immunity? 11 years 2 years 18 years 5 years
2 years
Which of the following individuals are contraindicated from receiving the MMR vaccine? 50-year-old with a low platelet count 75-year-old with COPD 23-year-old in her 3rd trimester 30-year-old with asplenia
23-year-old in her 3rd trimester
What is the recommended timing for Tdap during pregnancy? 13-26 weeks 27-36 weeks 1-12 weeks Before pregnancy
27-36 weeks
A 25-year-old female comes to the pharmacy inquiring about the 9vHPV series. What would be the recommended vaccination series? Patient is not eligible to receive the vaccine due to age 1 dose administered intramuscularly 3 doses administered intramuscularly at 0, 1-2, 6 months 2 doses administered intramuscularly at 0 and 6-12 months
3 doses administered intramuscularly at 0, 1-2, 6 months
Based on the adult immunization schedule, at what age is the live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) no longer recommended? 27 years 19 years 50 years 65 years
50 years
What percentage of HPV infections are cleared by the body and do not develop to CIN2 or CIN3? 92% 38% 70% 54%
70%
Which of the following patients is eligible to receive their first dose of the rotavirus vaccine?
A 10 week old presenting to the pediatrician for their 2 month well check
A contraindication to receiving a COVID-19 vaccination includes: Receipt of COVID-19 vaccine the same day the patient receives an influenza vaccination. Any immediate allergic reaction to other vaccines or injectable therapies. People with a contraindication to mRNA COVID-19 vaccines who request the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine. A known (diagnosed) allergy to a component of a COVID-19 vaccine.
A known (diagnosed) allergy to a component of a COVID-19 vaccine.
Which of the following best describes a standing order? A preapproved document signed by a collaborating physician who authorizes the pharmacist to administer a vaccine. The order of steps that must be followed when administering a vaccine. A directive from a third-party payer indicating that pharmacists can be reimbursed for administering vaccines. An order from the state board of pharmacy allowing pharmacists to administer vaccines.
A preapproved document signed by a collaborating physician who authorizes the pharmacist to administer a vaccine.
When reconstituting a vaccine for injection, pharmacists should: Always shake the diluent prior to reconstitution. Always refer to the vaccine's package insert for specific information. Always withdraw the entire contents from the reconstituted vial. Always shake the vaccine prior to reconstitution.
Always refer to the vaccine's package insert for specific information.
According to the Affordable Care Act, which of the following must be covered without cost-share to the patient? An ACIP recommended travel vaccine A vaccine using Medicare Part D. An ACIP routinely recommended vaccine. A vaccine from an Out of Network provider.
An ACIP routinely recommended vaccine.
Generalized urticaria following a vaccine is considered: Unrelated to vaccine administration A localized reaction A reactogenicity symptom An allergic reaction
An allergic reaction
A pharmacy technician may perform which of the following roles? Determine whether a vaccine is appropriate for a patient. Ask patients to complete screening questionnaires. Make clinical judgements about a patient's health. Educate patients about the risks of vaccines.
Ask patients to complete screening questionnaires.
IISs have been shown to increase immunization rates and reduce vaccine-preventable diseases by: Tracking vaccine adverse events. Requiring all vaccines for pediatric, adolescent, and adults be entered. Assisting in vaccination status assessment. All states reporting into the same vaccination registry.
Assisting in vaccination status assessment.
Options to increase influenza vaccine effectiveness include: Avoid vaccination in July and August to minimize chances of suboptimal immunity later in the season. Administer high dose influenza vaccination to children ages 2-8 years to ensure appropriate immune response. Administer in combination with pneumococcal vaccination to boost titer levels. Receive one influenza vaccination in the fall and one in the spring.
Avoid vaccination in July and August to minimize chances of suboptimal immunity later in the season.
Which of the following are true regarding vaccine efficacy and safety for the live varicella vaccine and the recombinant zoster vaccine? Postherpetic neuralgia was not reduced in patients >70 years of age receiving the recombinant zoster vaccine. Both vaccines have over 90% effectiveness in prevention of disease after two doses. Injection site pain for both vaccines was <5%. Systemic grade 3 reactions (preventing normal activities) were lower after dose 2 for the recombinant zoster vaccine.
Both vaccines have over 90% effectiveness in prevention of disease after two doses.
Which of the following best describes how to roll with resistance? Explain to the patient the errors in their thinking. Tell patients that you believe in their ability to change. Change strategies to avoid arguing with patients. Use open-ended questions and reflective statements.
Change strategies to avoid arguing with patients.
The OSHA Exposure Control Plan is used by employers to achieve what goal? Creates a system for Human Resources to monitor employee health at the workplace. Develop a team-based environment that fosters creativity and collaboration. Create a process of controls that aims to eliminate or minimize employee's potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens in the workplace. Improve employee health and wellness
Create a process of controls that aims to eliminate or minimize employee's potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens in the workplace.
Which of the following is true about the pharmacy technicians' role in managing vaccine inventory? Pharmacy technicians are only allowed to check temperatures to maintain the cold chain in some states. If vaccines are damaged when they arrive, they should immediately be thrown away. Expiration dates and beyond use dates should be checked at least weekly. After vaccines arrive within the pharmacy, they should be checked with 24 hours of arrival.
Expiration dates and beyond use dates should be checked at least weekly.
Counseling on vaccine safety should include: Nasal congestion is common with the influenza vaccine administered intramuscularly. A history of severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis) to a previous dose or component of influenza vaccine is no longer a contraindication. Injection site pain should resolve within 5-10 minutes post vaccination. Fever, chills, malaise could occur within 6-12 hours post vaccination and may last up to 1-2 days.
Fever, chills, malaise could occur within 6-12 hours post vaccination and may last up to 1-2 days.
Which of the following is considered a print marketing strategy? Flyers and brochures Radio announcements Voice response system messages Social media advertising
Flyers and brochures
Using shared clinical decision-making, which of the following recommendation is most appropriate for a 65-year-old living in a skilled nursing facility with multiple co-morbid conditions? This patient has no record of receiving either pneumococcal vaccine and is immune competent. PPSV23 now, 1 year later PCV13 Give PCV15 now, then give PPSV23 one year later PCV13 only PPSV23 only
Give PCV15 now, then give PPSV23 one year later.
Which of the following factors does not need to be considered when utilizing shared decision-making to evaluate the need to vaccinate an adult (27-45 years of age) with 9vHPV vaccine? Patient's sexual history, including lifetime sexual partners. HPV antibody test results Patient current relationship status Patient's immunocompetency
HPV antibody test results
Which of the following scenarios is an appropriate shared clinical decision-making for meningococcal vaccine? 29 year old with asplenia who receives MenB vaccine Healthy 16 year old who received meningococcal B vaccine 2-year old with complement deficiency who received MenACWY 25 year old microbiologist who receives MenACWY
Healthy 16 year old who received meningococcal B vaccine
Which vaccine is required by OSHA to be offered to all employees with potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens? Influenza vaccine Hepatitis B vaccine Tetanus containing vaccine per current ACIP recommendations (Td or Tdap) Hepatitis A vaccine
Hepatitis B vaccine
What type of code is used to identify the diagnosis for a patient receiving a vaccine? CPT NCPDP ACIP ICD-10
ICD-10
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of a reminder and recall system? Complies with ACIP recommendations Provides continuity of care Helps improve immunization rates Incentivizes patients to make a primary care appointment.
Incentivizes patients to make a primary care appointment.
Which if the following is true regarding transmission of SARS-CoV-2? Is not transmitted through contaminated surfaces or objects It is only spread through respiratory droplets Infected individuals who may be presymptomatic, asymptomatic, or symptomatic can transmit the virus. Incubation period is 14 days (range 7-14 days)
Infected individuals who may be presymptomatic, asymptomatic, or symptomatic can transmit the virus.
Which of the following is a source of free print materials that can be used to market vaccination services? Centers for Disease Control and prevention International Pharmaceutical Federation National Academy of Medicine Infectious Diseases Society of America
Infectious Diseases Society of America
Which of the following vaccines would be best delivered in a mass vaccination clinic? Herpes zoster vaccine Influenza vaccine Tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis vaccine Meningitis vaccines
Influenza vaccine
Post-vaccination counseling for patients should include: Information about adverse reactions that require contact with the health care system Warnings to self-isolate for 48 hours so that the vaccine does not spread disease to others A discussion of the risks and benefits of the vaccine
Information about adverse reactions that require contact with the health care system
Which of the following is true regarding the recombinant herpes zoster vaccination? It is indicated for prevention of herpes zoster and its complications in patients ≥50 years of age. It should not be given to someone who previously received the zoster vaccine live. It is approved as a treatment of herpes zoster if administered within 48 hours of onset of symptoms. It cannot be given to someone who has had the varicella vaccine.
It is indicated for prevention of herpes zoster and its complications in patients ≥50 years of age.
Which of the following are true regarding the influenza virus? It cannot be transmitted from surfaces. Only Type B influenza has surface antigens of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). People exposed are contagious within minutes of exposure. It is transmitted through respiratory droplets that contain the virus.
It is transmitted through respiratory droplets that contain the virus.
Which of the following is a government-run volunteer organization for medical and public health professionals? Peace Corps Medical Reserve Corps Immunization Action Coalition National Guard
Medical Reserve Corps
Opportunities for Advocacy and Collaboration include: Membership in state Immunization coalition to serve as an expert on policy and practice issues affecting pharmacy Replace services offered by the local health department so they don't have to offer immunizations There is no need for advocacy since the vaccine schedules dictate what people need to receive Discussion with other health care professionals on ways to set prices for vaccines to increase revenue
Membership in state Immunization coalition to serve as an expert on policy and practice issues affecting pharmacy
Which COVID-19 vaccination has 2 doses administered 28 days apart? Janssen Pfizer-BioNTech Pfizer-BioNTech (Comirnaty) Moderna
Moderna
The cold chain for vaccines: Applies to vaccines but not to diluents. Must be maintained from manufacture until the vaccine is administered to the patient. Begins when the provider assumes responsibility when accepting delivery of the vaccine. Requires that all vaccines be kept refrigerated until they are ready to be prepared for administration.
Must be maintained from manufacture until the vaccine is administered to the patient.
Which of the following over-the-counter medications may be recommended to treat systemic reactions after vaccination? Dextromethorphan and cetirizine NSAIDs and acetaminophen Loperamide and bismuth subsalicylate Diphenhydramine and guaifenesin
NSAIDs and acetaminophen
Which of the following awareness campaigns is typically conducted in December? American Pharmacists Month National Influenza Vaccination Week World Pneumonia Day National Immunization Awareness Month
National Influenza Vaccination Week
Which of the following is true regarding risk for COVID-19? In the workforce, only healthcare professionals are flagged as at high risk for exposure. Older adults and people with underlying medical conditions are some of the patients at highest risk for severe disease and complications. Coronary atherosclerosis and other heart disease patients have the highest risk of death. There has not been an association between number of comorbid conditions and increase in death.
Older adults and people with underlying medical conditions are some of the patients at highest risk for severe disease and complications.
Which of the following functions should be performed prior to the mass vaccination clinic? Continuous quality improvement activities Communication of wait-times Documentation of any adverse events and submission to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) Ordering of adequate inventory of vaccines and supplies
Ordering of adequate inventory of vaccines and supplies
Which of the following best describes immunization coalitions? Nongovernmental public health organizations Professional membership associations for health care providers who immunize Patient advocacy organizations Organizations that bring together vaccination stakeholders to improve vaccination rates
Organizations that bring together vaccination stakeholders to improve vaccination rates
A male patient presents to the pharmacy for a shingles vaccine appointment. The patient is a new patient to the pharmacy. Which of the following information would be most appropriate to collect as part of the patient care process? Patient's age, current health, vaccine history, and allergies Patient's age and vaccine history Current health and allergies Patient's age, eye color, and allergies
Patient's age, current health, vaccine history, and allergies
Which of the following is true regarding professional liability? Only anaphylaxis needs to be reported to VAERS. Patients who accept awards from the VICP fund can still file malpractice claims. Pharmacists should educate and inform patients and their caregivers about the benefits and risks of vaccination. It is not necessary for a pharmacist to have individual insurance since their place of work would cover them.
Pharmacists should educate and inform patients and their caregivers about the benefits and risks of vaccination.
Which of the following statements is true regarding how pharmacy technicians can gather information about a patient's vaccination history? Pharmacy technicians can review electronic health records. Pharmacy technicians can review information from immunization coalitions. Pharmacy technicians should not be involved in gathering information about a patient's vaccination history. Pharmacy technicians can access Immunization Information Systems in all states.
Pharmacy technicians can review electronic health records.
Documentation requirements for COVID-19 vaccinations include: Only cases of COVID-19 that result in hospitalization or death after the recipient has received COVID-19 vaccine should be reported to VAERS. Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) Fact Sheets should be provided after the patient receives the vaccine. COVID-19 vaccination record cards can be redesigned by the pharmacy. Report administration data to your jurisdiction's system (e.g., IIS) within 72 hours after administration.
Report administration data to your jurisdiction's system (e.g., IIS) within 72 hours after administration.
What vaccination is NOT part of a combined antigen vaccine?
Rotavirus
Preparing a vaccine for administration may include which of the following tasks? Disposing of the needle in a sharps container. Selecting the needle for administering the vaccine. Sterilizing the area for preparing the vaccine. Ensuring the vaccine is at room temperature before it is administered.
Selecting the needle for administering the vaccine.
If patients believe that influenza vaccines can cause influenza because they were ill after receiving the vaccine last year, pharmacists should educate them that: Influenza vaccine can cause mild influenza infections in some people. Some people experience systemic reactions to influenza vaccine that include mild flu-like symptoms Only immunocompromised individuals can become ill from inactivated vaccines. It takes 3-4 weeks for the immune system to respond to the vaccine, so it is possible to become ill within that window.
Some people experience systemic reactions to influenza vaccine that include mild flu-like symptoms
Which of the following facility features is most important for maintaining the cold chain? Space for vaccine storage and temperature monitoring Adequate seating in the waiting area Proximity to public transportation Access to high-speed internet service
Space for vaccine storage and temperature monitoring
Which of the following statements about standing orders and protocols is true? Standing orders and protocols must consider which vaccines may be administered by pharmacists according to state laws and regulations. Standing orders and protocols may be needed for nonprescription products. A standing order is similar to a protocol but is usually broader, authorizing the administration of multiple vaccines. Protocols, by definition, apply to all patients within a state.
Standing orders and protocols must consider which vaccines may be administered by pharmacists according to state laws and regulations.
Which of the following vaccines is used as a booster every 10 years? Td DTaP-IPV DT DTaP
Td
Which of the following statements is false regarding polysaccharide and conjugated vaccines? Polysaccharide vaccines use carbohydrates found in the external capsule of the bacteria as antigens. Conjugated vaccines can be used in children as young as 2 months of age because they stimulate both B cell and T helper cell immune responses. Conjugated vaccines link a polysaccharide to a protein that stimulates a wider immune response. Polysaccharide vaccines stimulate B cell or humoral responses only, reserving their use for patients over 2 years of age. The conjugate protein used, such as diphtheria, can also provide adequate protection against itself in addition to the polysaccharide.
The conjugate protein used, such as diphtheria, can also provide adequate protection against itself in addition to the polysaccharide.
After the routine administration of a vaccine, the pharmacy technician should send documentation of the vaccination to: The National Vaccine Errors Reporting Program (VERP). The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). The patient's primary care physician. All of the patient's prescribers in the pharmacy's records.
The patient's primary care physician.
Which of the following is true regarding 3rd dose and booster doses for COVID-19? Booster doses for all COVID-19 vaccinations are given 6 months after completing the primary series. Booster doses must always be from the same product as the primary series. The third dose and booster dose recommendations for immunocompromised patients are only for mRNA vaccines. A homologous booster dose is a subsequent dose of the vaccine that is a different product than the primary series.
The third dose and booster dose recommendations for immunocompromised patients are only for mRNA vaccines.
Which of the following correctly describes current ACIP recommendations? The herpes zoster vaccine should be given to patients ≥40 years. The varicella zoster vaccine should be given at birth. Patients ≥ 13 years without prior evidence of immunity should only receive one dose of varicella zoster vaccine. The varicella zoster vaccine should be given at 12-15 months and 4-6 years of age.
The varicella zoster vaccine should be given at 12-15 months and 4-6 years of age.
Which of the following is a law or program that may grant immunity from civil liability during emergencies for covered activities? Immunization Action Coalition Medical Reserve Corps NABP emergency passport U.S. Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act
U.S. Public Readiness and Emergency Preparedness Act
Which of the following is the primary reason we have measles outbreaks in the U.S.? Low MMR vaccination rates nationally There is a shortage of MMR vaccine in the U.S. Unvaccinated people with measles coming to the U.S. Low effectiveness of the MMR vaccine
Unvaccinated people with measles coming to the U.S.
Which of the following is an example of a common vaccine administration error? Wrong vaccine, route, site, or dosage or improperly prepared. Administering a vaccine 3 days after it was due. Providing a vaccination while the patient is standing. Receiving a second dose of a vaccine in the opposite arm that the first dose was received in.
Wrong vaccine, route, site, or dosage or improperly prepared.
During a public health declared mumps outbreak, a 21-year-old college student with a history of 2 MMR vaccine doses as a child wants to know if she needs a dose of MMR now. Which of the following is the best response? No, as a third dose of MMR is only for rubella outbreaks. No, as a third dose of MMR is only for measles outbreaks. Yes, since there is a declared mumps outbreak. Yes, since all college students should have 3 doses of MMR.
Yes, since there is a declared mumps outbreak.
Which of the following is found in vaccines to evoke an immune response? Antigens Antibodies Macrophages B cells
antigens
Which of the following is true regarding the use of mRNA in vaccine technology? mRNA is the genetic blueprint that tells your body how to make a particular protein subunit of a virus which, after being produced, will elicit an immune response. mRNA is extremely stable in a host's body. mRNA vaccine technology requires replication similar to a live attenuated vaccine. mRNA vaccine technology elicits its immune response and protects the host by altering the host's DNA.
mRNA is the genetic blueprint that tells your body how to make a particular protein subunit of a virus which, after being produced, will elicit an immune response.
Which of the following requires no cost share for the patient and is mainly for those 65 years and older? Medicare Part B Medicare Part C Medicaid Medicare Part D
medicare part B
Which of the following vaccines must be frozen? Zostavax Inactivated influenza Tdap Live attenuated influenza
zostavax
Which of the following is the most common type of tetanus? Local Neonatal Cephalic Generalized
generalized
Which of the following is one of the five guidelines identified by the APhA Board of Trustees in 2019 to assist pharmacists in incorporating immunization activities into their practice? Power Prevention Quantity Solidarity
prevention
Which of the following activities should only be performed by a pharmacist? Document the vaccine in the pharmacy's electronic record. Communicate information about the vaccination to the patient's primary care provider. Gather information about a patient's vaccination history. Decide whether a patient needs a vaccine.
Decide whether a patient needs a vaccine.
A simple way to communicate information about risks and benefits of vaccines to all patients is to: Recommend patients do their own research online prior to their vaccine appointment Schedule a 10-minute counseling session prior to each vaccine Give them Vaccine Information Statements (VIS) Offer town-hall style events for your community to ask questions about vaccines
Give them VIS
Which of the following is the correct answer and reason for a 64-year-old patient who asks you if it is better to get their shingles vaccine now or wait till it is covered by Medicare at 65 years? Wait till 65 years as it is not indicated before 65 years. Wait till 65 years when it is covered by Medicare part B. Now because it is not covered at 65 years or above. Now because it must be covered at no cost by commercial insurance.
Now because it must be covered at no cost by commercial insurance.
Which disease state(s) can potentially lead to meningitis?
Polio and Haemophilus influenzae
Which of the following complications are correctly matched to the associated condition? Postherpetic neuralgia-herpes zoster Zoster ophthalmicus-varicella zoster Ramsey hunt syndrome-varicella zoster Pneumonia-herpes zoster
Postherpetic neuralgia-herpes zoster
Which of the following issues affecting international access to vaccines is best aligned to efforts by pharmacist volunteers? Lack of clean drinking water Unstable governments Suboptimal levels of health care providers Poor infrastructure
Suboptimal levels of health care providers
In a patient experiencing anaphylaxis, pharmacists should administer epinephrine: Only in conjunction with diphenhydramine Intramuscularly in the deltoid Every 2 minutes until EMS arrives As a first-line treatment
as a first-line treatment
Star Pharmacy has been providing influenza vaccines for years and is now implementing a Hepatitis B vaccine program in their pharmacy next month. A crucial step in the Pharmacists' Patient Care Process for this vaccine is: Plan a large marketing event. Create a reminder and recall system. Review staffing levels. Purchase the hepatitis B vaccine.
create a reminder and recall system
Post-vaccination testing for hepatitis b immunity is recommended for which of the following? Men who have sex with men Adolescents Health-care workers IV drug users
health-care workers
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPSV23) is best categorized as what type of vaccine? Inactivated polysaccharide vaccine Live attenuated vaccine Inactivated conjugate vaccine Inactivated recombinant vaccine
inactivated polysaccharide vaccine
Which of the following vaccines listed is a live attenuated vaccine? Recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV) Hepatitis B Varicella (VAR) Hepatitis A
varicella (VAR)
Why is it important to preserve the cold chain for vaccines? Vaccines stored at temperatures outside the recommended range are more likely to cause systemic adverse events. Exposure to heat, cold, or light outside recommended ranges can reduce vaccine potency. Maintaining the cold chain extends the shelf-life for vaccines. Vaccines stored at temperatures outside the recommended range are more likely to cause localized adverse events.
Exposure to heat, cold, or light outside recommended ranges can reduce vaccine potency.
An important benefit of standing orders and protocols is that they: Ensure that all members of a patient's health care team are informed of vaccines. Improve patient access to vaccines and efficiency of services. Allow for pharmacists to bill as providers for Medicare Part D. Provide education to patients about the risks and benefits of vaccines.
Improve patient access to vaccines and efficiency of services.
Which of the following vaccines is contraindicated for an adult patient with HIV and a CD4 count <200 mm2? Inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) Human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV) Recombinant zoster vaccine (RZV)
MMR
Which of the following is true regarding varicella zoster transmission? The incidence of varicella disease has remained unchanged since vaccinations became available. It is not respiratory transmitted Covering the lesions will prevent chance of transmission to others. Period of contagiousness: 1-2 days before rash to 4-7 days later
Period of contagiousness: 1-2 days before rash to 4-7 days later
When promoting a mass immunization clinic it is helpful to: Share appointment scheduling instructions, if applicable. Explain how the cold chain will be maintained. Ask patients to bring their own first aid supplies.
Share appointment scheduling instructions, if applicable.
The program which collects data regarding errors of vaccine handling and administration is called: VICP VIT VERP VAERS
VERP
Which of the following symptoms are usually associated with influenza? Nausea/vomiting Chills Sneezing Normal temperature
chills
When administering a subcutaneous injection, pharmacists should: Use a 1 to 1-1/2 inch needle. Insert the needle at a 90-degree angle. Tell the patient to flex the muscle under the injection site. Pinch a fold of skin over the triceps muscle
Pinch a fold of skin over the triceps muscle
The first step in AHRQ's "SHARE" approach to vaccines is to: Assess your patient's values and preferences. Ask if your patient has any questions about the vaccine. Ask if your patient is ready to make a decision about getting the vaccine. Seek your patient's participation in a discussion.
Seek your patient's participation in a discussion.
Vaccine hesitancy is defined as: A lack of trust in the safety and effectiveness of vaccines. Lack of confidence in the reliability and competence of the health system. The perception that the risk of a disease is low and that vaccines are not necessary. The delay in acceptance or refusal of a vaccination despite the availability of vaccination services.
The delay in acceptance or refusal of a vaccination despite the availability of vaccination services.
Which of the following is a clinical feature of hepatitis B but not hepatitis A? Fulminant hepatitis Chronic infection Jaundice Dark urine
chronic infection
The National Vaccine Advisory Committee 2013 Standards for Adult Immunization Practice and the 2016 International Pharmaceutical Federation global report identify pharmacists as: Integral to increasing vaccination rates Not a member of the healthcare team Only facilitators Medication dispensers
integral to increasing vaccination rates
Which of the following is TRUE of the emergency use authorization process? Clinical trial data are not required Risks are not evaluated until long-term safety data is available Manufacturers must include a plan for safety monitoring Used when approved or licensed alternatives are too expensive
manufacturers must include a plan for safety monitoring
Which of the following statements best illustrates the affirmation skill in motivational interviewing? "It sounds like that was a really frustrating experience for you." "Thank you for sharing your concerns with me, I enjoyed speaking with you today" "Can you tell me more about your concerns?" "What information do you have about this disease?"
"Thank you for sharing your concerns with me, I enjoyed speaking with you today"
DTaP is recommended to be administered using which of the following schedules? 2, 4, 12-15 months 11-12 years 7-10 years 2, 4, 6, 12-15 months, 4-6 years
2, 4, 6, 12-15 months, 4-6 years
Which of the following patient scenarios regarding influenza vaccination is correct? A 40-year-old who is allergic to eggs would be contraindicated to receive Flublock (RIV4). An annual influenza vaccination is recommended for 2 years and older due to being a polysaccharide vaccination. A 65-year-old patient with thimerosal allergy would be eligible to receive adjuvanted inactivated Fluad or high dose inactivated Fluzone. A 5-year-old who received one dose of influenza vaccination when they were 3 years old, should receive only one dose this year.
A 65-year-old patient with thimerosal allergy would be eligible to receive adjuvanted inactivated Fluad or high dose inactivated Fluzone.
Which of the following is a non-governmental organization that participates in disaster relief efforts? Medical Reserve Corps Red Cross Public Health Department World Health Organization
Red Cross
What is youngest age that hepatitis B vaccine is recommended in infants and children? 6 months 1 year 4 weeks At birth
at birth
Which of the following is an example of passive immunity? Contracting measles Hepatitis B vaccine Maternal antibodies Skin barrier
maternal antibodies
Which of the following diseases have been eradicated worldwide, allowing vaccination to be discontinued? Polio Tetanus Mumps Smallpox
smallpox
Which of the following statements best meets the definition of precaution? The risk of vaccinating outweighs the benefits from the vaccine and the patient cannot be vaccinated. Condition that will likely result in a severe, life-threatening event if the patient receives the vaccine. A compelling indication for the patient to receive a vaccine. A condition that may alter or diminish the patient's response or may increase the patient's risk of a serious reaction to a vaccine.
A condition that may alter or diminish the patient's response or may increase the patient's risk of a serious reaction to a vaccine.
Which of the following best describes the definition of "vaccine hesitancy"? A delay in the acceptance of, or refusal of, a vaccination despite availability of vaccination services. Patients who express a desire to receive a vaccine, but then refuse due to fear of needles. When patients do not receive vaccinations due to misinformation. Refusal to receive vaccinations due to religious beliefs.
A delay in the acceptance of, or refusal of, a vaccination despite availability of vaccination services.
Which of the following best describes a public health department? An international organization that provides resources for pharmacists in multiple countries. A volunteer-led organization that aims to improve vaccination rates. A department within a pharmacy's corporate office that focuses on population health. A department which helps prevent the start and spread of disease.
A department which helps prevent the start and spread of disease.
When preparing vaccines for administration, pharmacists should: Always use aseptic technique. Reuse needles and syringes if multiple vaccines are administered to the same patient. Prepare all vaccines in a multi-dose vial at the same time. Prepare enough vaccine for the entire shift at the beginning of the day.
Always use aseptic technique.
The National Childhood Vaccine Injury Act of 1986 established national vaccine documentation requirements which include: The patient/caregiver must be given a Vaccine Information Statement (VIS) for only the first dose in a series. Edition date of the Vaccine Information Statement (VIS) Documentation of informed consent. Site of injection.
Edition date of the Vaccine Information Statement (VIS)
Which of the following statements is true when operating a mass vaccination clinic? If multiple vaccines are available, they should be administered at different stations. Patients do not need to be observed after vaccination. Patients do not need to be provided with Vaccine Information Stations. The clinic does not need to be able to accommodate patients with disabilities.
If multiple vaccines are available, they should be administered at different stations.
Which of the following organizations provides standing order templates? Immunization Action Coalition National Institutes of Health Public Health Institute Infectious Diseases Society of America
Immunization Action Coalition
When administering measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) to a patient at their 15-month appointment, what must be considered regarding vaccine spacing? MMR and PCV13 may be administered simultaneously or at any interval between doses. MMR and PCV13 may be administered simultaneously or must be separated by a 28-day minimum interval. Vaccines should never be administered simultaneously. As such these vaccines should be separated by a 7-day minimum interval. MMR and PCV13 should not be administered simultaneously. They must be separated by a 28-day minimum interval.
MMR and PCV13 may be administered simultaneously or at any interval between doses.
A standing order or protocol should include information about: Managing medical emergencies that may occur after administration of a vaccine. The pharmacy workflow and staffing needed to support the vaccination service. Details regarding any liability that the signing practitioner assumes as a result of the standing order or protocol. A statement of indemnification for liability.
Managing medical emergencies that may occur after administration of a vaccine.
A 3-year old child recently underwent a splenectomy. Previous to the surgery, the child was up to date on all pediatric vaccinations. According to the CDC, which of the following vaccines should be recommended? PCV15 PCV13 PCV20 PPSV23
PPSV23
The community pharmacist, while filling discharge orders from the hospital, recognizes a patient's need for receiving the pneumococcal vaccine during a transition of care to a personal care home. This is an example of what part of the patient care process? Follow-up, Monitor, and Evaluate Access Implement Assess
assess
What is the definition of collaboration, coordination, and communication among all those involved in meeting the immunization goals of patients and communities Health care team Immunization neighborhood Immunization party Prevention task force
immunization neighborhood
Which vaccine technology listed below is an ingredient added typically to inactivated vaccines to boost its immune response by targeting pathogen recognition receptors that are expressed on dendritic cells to trigger a pro-inflammatory response? Though this technology creates a more robust immune response, it can also increase local site reactions and systemic reactions, such as fevers, chills, and body aches. Conjugation Adjuvants Attenuation mRNA technology
adjuvants
A healthy 70-year-old female who received PPSV23 at 66-years of age is inquiring about pneumococcal vaccination. Her pneumococcal conjugate vaccine history is unknown. Which of the following should you recommend? PCV13 One dose of either PCV20 or PCV15. PPSV23 PCV13 now and then PPSV23 1 year later
one dose of either PCV20 or PCV15
Which of the following is the reason for the most recent hepatitis A outbreaks? Imported food Person-to-person transmission Domestic food International travelers
person-to-person transmission
To prevent errors of vaccine administration, pharmacists should: Memorize vaccine schedules. Select the appropriate needle length. Use the same diluent for all vaccines prepared in one sitting. Prepare enough vaccine for the entire shift at the beginning of the day.
select the appropriate needle length
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends routine vaccination with the meningococcal conjugated quadrivalent vaccine (MenACWY) in which of the following age groups? 4-6 years of age 11-12 years of age 7-8 years of age 2-3 years of age
11-12 years of age
Though the primary series for Hib varies between 2-3 doses, all vaccines are recommended to have a booster dose at age:
12-15 months
Westend Pharmacy is launching an immunization program next month. The pharmacy manager, John, has a list of items that still need to be completed. Which item below is not required by OSHA to be completed before implementing the program? Create a network with local physicians to refer patients to the new immunization program. Ensure safety devices are available for vaccinators to use while administering immunizations. Evaluate employees with potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens for Hepatitis B vaccination status and ensure immunizers have at least one dose prior to administering vaccines. Implement a method for sharps disposal, including having sharps containers available at the pharmacy and a system or vendor to dispose of full containers.
Create a network with local physicians to refer patients to the new immunization program.
Which statement is true regarding gloves and handwashing? Pharmacists do not need to wash or use antiseptic cleansers on their hands while providing immunizations if they are wearing gloves. Employers must make available to employees appropriately sized gloves and a hand washing facility or antiseptic hand cleansers for employees to use while providing immunizations. Gloves are required to be worn while administering vaccines by the CDC and OSHA. It is recommended to keep gloves on for the duration of a clinic and not change them between patients.
Employers must make available to employees appropriately sized gloves and a hand washing facility or antiseptic hand cleansers for employees to use while providing immunizations.
A 16-year-old patient presents to the pharmacy for her first dose of 9vHPV. The patient is instructed to wait in the pharmacy for 15 minutes after receiving the dose. Three minutes after receiving the dose, the patient experiences syncope. What is the recommended response to treat the patient's syncope? Call 9-1-1 and wait for emergency services to address the situation. Lay the patient flat on the ground and elevate her legs. Monitor the patient's vitals and initiate emergency services if the patient does not regain consciousness. Call the patient's emergency contact to take her to the emergency department. Stand the patient up into a vertical position.
Lay the patient flat on the ground and elevate her legs. Monitor the patient's vitals and initiate emergency services if the patient does not regain consciousness.
When administering an intramuscular injection, pharmacists should: Tell patients to flex the muscle into which the vaccine will be injected. Use a 22- to 25-gauge needle. Insert the needle at a 45-degree angle. Administer the vaccine in the deltoid or gluteus maximus.
Use a 22- to 25-gauge needle.
When storing vaccines in the refrigerator, pharmacists should: Keep vaccines and food on separate shelves. Use dorm-style units. Store vaccines on the bottom of the refrigerator. Use water bottles to help stabilize temperatures.
Use water bottles to help stabilize temperatures.
Which of the following vaccines are best suited to a mass immunization clinic? Vaccines for high-risk patient populations Vaccines to address a pandemic pathogen Travel health vaccine needs Childhood vaccines
Vaccines to address a pandemic pathogen
An electronic prescription for glipizide 10mg is received by a pharmacist for a new patient. The prescription indicates a diagnosis of E11, Type 2 diabetes mellitus. In addition to filling the prescription, the pharmacist could assess the patient for potential immunizations to recommend. What form of assessment is the pharmacist utilizing? Procedure-based screening Occurrence-based screening Diagnosis-based screening Mass screening
diagnosis-based screening
A 10 year-old child received one dose of the hepatitis A vaccine at 1 year of age, but never returned for a second dose. Which of the following is true regarding the need for a second dose of the hepatitis A vaccine for this child? No further doses of hepatitis A vaccine are required Wait until the child is 18 years of age and give the second dose if there are other risk factors Give 1 dose now as catch up Restart the series and give 2 doses , 6 months apart
give 1 dose now as catch up
Under the direction of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Healthy People initiative has identified the following as a goal for 2030: Achieve 95% vaccination for all vaccines on the annual published vaccine schedule Increase the proportion of persons who are vaccinated annually against seasonal influenza Maintain all goals from 2020 as all goals were achieved Develop a single system nationwide for vaccine tracking
increase the proportion of persons who are vaccinated annually against seasonal influenza