APHG Test Unit 5

The domestication of plants and animals occurred in the First Agricultural Revolution Green Revolution Second Agricultural Revolution Columbian Exchange Industrial Revolution

First Agricultural Revolution

DDT is an example of a ________ that has had negative effects all the way through the food chain. Herbicide Pesticide Bacteria Fungicide Genetically modified organism

Pesticide

A crop grown for profit is called a Staple crop Domesticated crop Food crop Primary crop Cash crop

Primary crop

Which of the following was developed during the Third Agricultural Revolution? A. The cotton gin B. Animal domestication C. Cattle ranching D. Genetic engineering E. Seed agriculture

D. Genetic engineering

A farmer who converts forested land and marshland into cropland has Created an agricultural hearth Fulfilled the promise of the Green Revolution Increased the land's carrying capacity Shown the advantages of the Columbian Exchange Increased the yield of the crops on her land

increase the lands caring capacity

A society that relies on the cultivation of land is known as A. Municipal B. etropolitan Naturalist Hunter-gatherer Agrarian

(E) agrarian

The Green Revolution involved all of the following except A. An increased use of scientific research in agriculture B. An increased use of fertilizer C. A decreased reliance on humans for agricultural labor D. A decreased use of pesticides E. The development of higher-yielding seeds

A decreased use of pesticides

The Third Agricultural Revolution is also known as the A. Green Revolution B. Industrial Revolution C. Genetic Revolution D. Rice Revolution Plantation Revolution

A. Green Revolution

All of the following can contribute to desertification except A. Overgrazing B. Slash and burn agriculture C. Deforestation D. Soil salinization E. Extensive pastoralism

A. Overgrazing

________ is (are) widespread in semiarid climates throughout the world. Ranching Tropical plantations Dairying Slash-and-burn agriculture Rice paddies

A. Ranching

The Industrial Revolution transformed Western agriculture A. Through mechanization and the creation of new markets B. With biotechnology C. Through technological and religious change D. By eliminating Agricultural pests E. By eliminating plant hybridization

A. Through mechanization and the creation of new markets

The most important reason for the rising use of alternative energy crops such as ethanol and biodiesel has been A. The rapid increase in the price of oil B. The public relations efforts of alternative energy advocates C. The large amount of waste oil from deep fryers D. The slash and burn agriculture occurring in Brazil that has seen the growth of millions of acres of new sugar cane E. The improvement in irrigation techniques

A.the rapid increase in the price of oil

The first agriculturalists were Commercial farmers European entrepreneurs Also hunter-gathers Also ranchers Most likely males

Also hunter-gathers

The Second Agricultural Revolution occurred at roughly the same time as the A. American Civil War B. Industrial Revolution C. Green Revolution D. Boxer Rebellion E. California Goldrush

B. Industrial Revolution

Which of the following machines is used to cut grain that is standing in the fields? A. Tillage B. Reaper C. Thresher D.Harrow E. Transplanter

B. Reaper

According to von Thunen, the regional geography of agriculture is determined by Land area Rent Urban marketing Availability of material inputs Climate

B. Rent

Which of the following best characterizes the Green Revolution? A. The Green Revolution relied solely on technology to increase crop yields in the years following World War II B. The Green Revolution resulted in increases biodiversity worldwide, especially in places where monocropping and high-yield varietals were prevalent C. The Green Revolution was able to increase crop yields and food production in many locations throughout the world, but its impact on the environment, geopolitics, and the world economy has yet to be fully understood D. There have been no major famines since the agricultural practices of the Green Revolution took hold in the 1960s E. Much more land was put under cultivation during the Green Revolution, and this, rather than the development of high-yield varietals, was responsible for the increase in food production from 1960 to 1985

B. The Green Revolution was able to increase crop yields and food production many locations throughout the world, but its impact on the environment, geopolitics, and the world economy has yet to be fully understood

What effect did the publication of The Communist Manifesto have upon Russian agriculture? A. An improvement in the standard of living for all farmers everywhere B. The eventual collectivization of farms by the Soviet system C. An immediate decline in the level of agricultural efficiency D. A return to a feudal arrangement wherein wealthy aristocrats owned most of the land E. The selection of wheat over corn because of its perception as the grain of the common man

B. The eventual collectivization of farms by the Soviet system

Ranching is a good example of which type of agricultural system? Intensive subsistence cultivation Extensive commercial cultivation Labor-intensive agriculture Capital-intensive agriculture Controlled agriculture

B.Extensive commercial cultivation

Which of the following methods of farming has become more popular in response to the widespread use of pesticides in farming? A. Slash and burn agriculture B. Crop rotation C. Organic farming D. Shifting cultivation E. Agricultural industrialization

C. Organic farming

The concept of transhumance is associated with A. Stage two of the demographic transition model B. Buddhist spiritual practices C. Pastoralism D. Subsistence farming E. Hunting and gathering societies

C. Pastoralism

Which of the following was not a location of independent plant and animal domestication? India Iraq California China Peru

C.California

Agribusiness has had all of the following effects on agriculture, expect The farm is no longer the center of agricultural activity TNCs often control agricultural activity abroad Family farmers through increasing technology, are producing goods for the global economy Agriculture has become a multilevel process of production, processing, marketing and consumption Some corporations essentially dictate agricultural production in other countries besides their own

C.Family farmers, through increasing technology, are producing goods for the global economy

The Green Revolution greatly increased crop production in some countries Without adverse side effects As a replacement for deindustrialization With some adverse side effects By encouraging the cultivation of local crop varieties By introducing organic agricultural methods

C.with some adverse side affects

The effects of biotechnology Are positive because it allows for much greater agricultural yields Are negative because its expense limits its availability to all farmers across the globe Are unknown because very little research has been conducted on them All of the above None of the above

D. All of the Above

The modern global geography of agriculture is determined by A.Climate B.Soil C.Cultural traditions D. All of the above E. A and B only

D. All of the above

The farming of oysters is an example of A. Polyculture B. Hydroponics C. Aeroponics D. Aquaculture E. Waterlogging

D. Aquaculture

Which of the following was introduced to the Old World as part of the Columbian exchange? A. Wheat B. Apples C. Horses D. Peanuts E. Goats

D. Peanuts

Which of the following is not an example of a luxury crop? A. Tea B. Cacao C. Tobacco D. Wool E. Coffee

D. Wool

Which lists products in the order in which they will be produced staring closest to the mark, according to von Thunen's Model? A. Grain, forest, beef cattle, dairy cattle Tomatoes, grain, beef cattle forest Dairy cattle, beef cattle, forest Dairy cattle, forest, grain, beef cattle Forest, tomatoes, beef cattle, dairy cattle

Dairy cattle, forest, grain, beef cattle

All of the following are true according to the von Thunen model of agricultural land except A. There is a certain distance beyond which agricultural activity is not profitable B. Land values decrease with distance from urban markets C. Rents are highest close to urban markets D. Dairy farms are located close to the city because of the perishability of dairy products E. Forests for fuel and timber production could be located in any of the four rings

E. Forests for fuel and timber production could be located in any of the four rings

Which of the following requires a lot of labor, focuses on a small plot of land, or both? A. Extensive agriculture B. Pastoralism C. Hunting and gathering D. Nomadic herding E. Intensive agriculture

E. Intensive Agriculture

The Middle East is known as the Fertile Crescent because A. It is the largest modern exporter of cereal crops B. It developed new farming machinery that revolutionized modern agriculture C. Historically it has had a high birth rate D. It offered biodiversity in a complex marshland ecosystem E. It was one of the first areas of sedentary farming and urban society

E. It was one of the first areas of sedentary farming and urban society

All of the following are forms of commercial agriculture except A. Dairy farming B. Specialized fruit production C. Cattle ranching D. Grain farming E. Pastoral nomadism

E. Pastoral nomadism

All of the following are plantation crops except A. Cotton B. Tea C. Sugarcane D. Rubber E. Wheat

E. Wheat

According to von Thunen's model, land use is defined primarily by A. Walkable communities that do not rely upon motorized transportation for daily life B. The commodification of highlands and other peripheral areas for grazing C. A greater density of medicinal crops than edible crops D. The replanting of forests at greater distance from town than tradition dictates E. An inverse relationship between the value of the labor and the distance from the center of town

E. an inverse relationship between the value of the labor and th distance from the center of town

Most of the US Midwest was divided using which system? Metes and bounds Township and range Universal transverse mercator (UTM) Long lots Nucleated

Metes and bounds

As a result of the Columbian Exchange, which crop was transferred to Europe from the Americas and later spread through the world? Coffee Maize Rice Olives Wheat

Maize

What agriculture practice is employed by people who move from place to place with their cattle? Dairying Intensive subsistence Ranching Shifting cultivation Pastoral nomadism

Pastoral nomadism

Which of the following crops is grown on the sides of terraced hills to allow flowing water to run over the plants? A. Wheat B. Rice C. Taro D. Soybeans E. Millet

Rice

In arid climates, like southern California and the Middle East, _________ can cause the soil to become salty and infertile Erosion Topsoil loss Salinization Saltation Droughts

Salinization

Soil specialists must work to overcome the negative effects of _______ associated with agricultural production. Fertilization and salinization Pesticides and fertilization Salinization and topsoil loss Topsoil loss and gentrification The Green Revolution and agribusiness

Salinization and topsoil loss

Which aspect of von Thunen's Model has changed as a result of developments in transportation? The market is no longer at the center The width of the rings has increased The width of the rings has decreased The rings now stretch along rivers The model now includes a ring for transportation

The width of the rings has increased

Slash-and-burn agriculture is Non sustainable Practiced in high, mountainous regions Typical for tropical forests A relatively new invention always completely sustainable

Typical for tropical forests

___________ is a common cause of decreasing farmland in rapidly growing urban areas. Urban sprawl Topsoil loss Loss of material inputs Industrialization Agribusiness

Urban sprawl

Southwest Asia, Southeast Asia, East Asia, Mesoamerica, and the Sub-Saharan region were all A. Leaders in starting the Columbian Exchange B. Sites where the Second Agricultural Revolution began C. Areas noted for widespread terracing D. Hearths of plant domestication E. Regions where the Third Agricultural Revolution failed

hearths of plant domestication

Which of the following is not a cause of desertification? Overgrazing by animals Off-road vehicles increasing soil loss in drylands Overcultivation of semiarid lands Policies favoring nomadic herding over sedentary farminhgg Irrigation resulting in salinization

idk

A small-scale farmer who successfully survived the farm crisis in rural areas would not have Initiated a marketing campaign demonstrating his commitment to animal welfare Begun to sell non-GMO certified products Switched from a diverse range of crops in corn-and-soybean monoculture Invested in heirloom varieties of produce Purchased open pastures or large outdoor pens for free-range poultry

switched from a diverse range of crops to corn-and-soybean monoculture

All of the following characteristics mark the Third Agricultural Revolution except A. The internationalization of industrialized farming B. The use of larger, more powerful agricultural equipment C. Research in biotechnology and food processing D. The invention of artificial chemical fertilizers and pesticides E. The growth of the Green Revolution

the invention of artificial chemical fertilizers and pesticides