APUSH Ch 6

Albany

Document that ended the War of the Spanish Succession (Queen Anne's War) and awarded Acadia to Britain

Plains of Abraham

Site of the death of Generals Wolfe and Montcalm, where France's New world empire also perished

New Orleans

Strategic French outpost at the mouth of the Mississippi River.

French and Indian War

a war in North America between France and Britain (both aided by indian tribes)

Fort Duquesne

(def.) a fort built by the French in pittsburgh and still stands today (sig.) it was involved in a key battle in the war with George Washington

King Louis XIV

Absolute French monarch who reigned for seventy-two years.

Benjamin Franklin

Advocate of colonial unity at the unsuccessful Albany Congress.

Ottawa

Allies of the French against the British, who continued to fight under Pontiac even after the peace settlement in 1763.

Pontiac's Uprising

An Indian attack on European settlers who were attempting to voyage westward.

General Braddock

An experienced British general who was sent to fight in America, he foolishly tried to bring heavy artillery to re-capture Fort Duquesne. He failed; his force was routed.

Beaver

Animal whose pelt provided great profits for the French empire and enhanced European fashion at enormous ecological cost.

Proclamation of 1763

British Document that aroused colonial anger but failed to stop frontier expansion.

War of Austrian Succession

Conflict that started with the War of Jenkins Ear and ended with return of Louisburg to France.

Seven Years' War

Conflict that, in Europe, pitted France against Britain's ally Frederick the Great of Prussia.

James Wolfe

English general, led troops up steep cliff to capture Quebec which marked the beginning on the end of the French/Indian War

Significance of the Beaver

Europeans desired beaver fur - searching for this animal led to exploration of America

Coureurs de Bois

Far-running, high-living French fur trappers

The Plains of Abraham

Fortress boldly assaulted by General Wolfe, spelling doom for New France.

Jesuits

French Catholic missionary order that explored the North American interior and sought to protect and convert the Indians.

Protestant Huguenots

French Protestants who were granted toleration by the Edict of Nantes in 1598 but not permitted to settle in New France.

Acadians (Cajuns)

French colonists in Nova Scotia brutally uprooted by the victorious British & shipped to Louisiana

Robert de la Salle

French empire builder who explored the Mississippi basin and named it after his monarch.

Pontiac

Indian leader whose frontier uprising caused British to attempt to limit colonial frontier expansion.

Proclamation of 1763

Law limiting the area of English settlement

George Washington

Military aide of British General Braddock and defender of the frontier after Braddock's defeat.

George Washington

Militia commander whose frontier skirmish touched off a World War

William Pitt

Splendid British political orator and organizer of the winning strategy against the French in the North America.

Fortress Louisburg

Strategic French fortress conquered by New England settlers, handed back to the French, and finally conquered again by the British in 1759.

Fort Duquesne

Strategic French stronghold, later renamed after a great British statesman.

Roger's Rangers

The "buckskin" colonial soldiers whose military success did nothing to alter British officers' contempt.

Albany Congress

Unification effort that Benjamin Franklin nearly inspired to success by eloquent leadership and cartoon artistry.

Seven Years' War

Worldwide struggle between France and Great Britain for power and control of land

Treaty of Paris

agreement signed by British and American leaders that stated the United States of America was a free and independent contry, In 1763, Britain claimed all of North America east of the Mississippi; ended French power in North America

Battle of Quebec

an army led by English general Wolfe struggled up a hidden ravine under cover of darkness, surprised the larger forces of Montcalm, and defeated them in battle, both commanders dieing.

War of Jenkins Ear

british captain had this body part cut off by spanish; created war in caribbean and GA

Albany Congress

established to prepare for french-indian war; first objective to keep iroquois loyal to Britain by involving tribes in discussions.

Germany

Bloodiest European threater of the Seven Years' War, where Frederick the Great's troops drained French strength away from North America.

General Braddock

Blundering British officer whose defeat gave the advantage to the French and Indians in the early phase of the war.

William Pitt

English statesman who brought the Seven Years' War to an end (1708-1778)

New France

French colony in North America

Port Royal

Inland river territory, scene of fierce competition between the French and land-speculating English colonists.

Jenkin's Ear

Part of a certain British naval officer's anatomy that set off an imperial war with Spain.

Battle of Montreal

Patriot forces seized town

Samuel de Champlain

The Father of New France, who established a fateful alliance with the Huron Indians.

Conquest

The larger European struggle of which the French and Indian War was part.