APUSH CHAP 9 + 10 AP CLASSROOM ANSWERS
In the 1850s, which of the following groups would have been most likely to benefit from the changes depicted on the maps? A) Immigrants from western Europe B) American Indians C) Mexicans who remained in the southwestern United States D) African Americans
A) Immigrants from western Europe
Which of the following statements about the "American System" is correct? A) It was set up by the Treaty of Ghent at the end of the War of 1812. B) It was strongly promoted by Andrew Jackson. C) It permitted immigrants to be naturalized after living in the United States for five years. D) It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency. E) It called for an end to the European presence in South America.
D) It was designed to meet the nation's need for economic progress and self-sufficiency.
Which of the following was NOT a result of the growth of a national market economy between 1815 and 1860 ? A) Increasing economic specialization B) The application of machinery to the mass production of goods C) A greater disparity of wealth between rich and poor Americans D) The beginnings of an organized labor movement E) A greater number of men working at home
E) A greater number of men working at home
Which of the following most directly contributed to the change over time depicted on the two maps? A) The construction of a national highway system B) The establishment of different time zones across the country C) The building of canals and roads D) The use of diesel engines
C) The building of canals and roads
Which of the following most likely contributed to the emergence of the Second Great Awakening? A) The rise of the Whig Party B) The election of President Andrew Jackson C) The cultural responses to the Enlightenment D) The emergence of a women's rights movement
C) The cultural responses to the Enlightenment
Which of the following describes "the Lowell system" in early nineteenth-century New England? A) A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities B) An agreement among the New England states to secede and for a New England confederacy C) A reform eliminating property-holding as a qualification for voting D) A strategy to defend New England during the War of 1812 E) A congressional reappointment plan during the 1820's
A) A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing activities
Which of the following pieces of historical evidence from the United States census could best be used to support the argument in the excerpt? A) Data showing changes in the number of textile mills B) Data showing population growth in the West C) Data showing the growth of the slave population D) Data showing changes in cotton production and price
A) Data showing changes in the number of textile mills
The national identity described in the excerpt most strongly reflects the influence of which of the following? A) European precedents along with an American national culture B) The English feudal system in which lords and landowners dominated vassals and farmers C) Independence movements and revolutions in Europe and Latin America D) Antislavery activism in the United States and Europe
A) European precedents along with an American national culture
The language used in both excerpts most directly reflects the influence of which of the following? A) The Second Great Awakening B) States' rights C) Manifest Destiny D) American nationalism
A) The Second Great Awakening
The rise in manufacturing beginning in the early 1800s eventually resulted in which of the following by 1848? A) The emergence of a larger middle class in the North B) A decline in economic inequality in urban areas C) An increased demand for agricultural workers in the Midwest D) The improvement of working conditions in factories
A) The emergence of a larger middle class in the North
Which of the following historical developments contributed most directly to the market revolution? A) The emergence of new forms of transportation B) The increased number of women in the paid workforce C) The emergence of southern opposition to tariffs D) The decline of slavery in the Northeast
A) The emergence of new forms of transportation
Which of the following developments in the early nineteenth century could best be used as evidence to support the argument in the second paragraph of the excerpt? A) The opposition of some political leaders to providing federal funds for public works B) The failure of some infrastructure projects to recover their costs C) The recruitment of immigrant laborers to work on new transportation projects D) The rise of a regional economy based on the production and export of cotton
A) The opposition of some political leaders to providing federal funds for public works
The excerpt could best be used by historians studying which of the following in the early 1800s? A) The political debates over economic development B) The lives of women working in new factories C) The effects of new technologies on commerce D) The value of British-manufactured imports
A) The political debates over economic development
The development of the early nineteenth-century concept of "separate spheres" for the sexes encouraged all of the following EXCEPT A) accepting women as intellectual equals of men B) idealizing the home as a haven in a competitive world C) designating the home as the appropriate place for a woman D) emphasizing childrearing as a prime duty of a woman E) establishing a moral climate in the home
A) accepting women as intellectual equals of men
The drawing above has been cited as evidence of the nineteenth-century middle-class view of the A) home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit B) declining influence of women in the family structure C) economic value of children to families D) importance of religious education E) widening role of women in society
A) home as a refuge from the world rather than as a productive unit
A distinguishing feature of American society in the early nineteenth century was the A) increasing readership of newspapers B) lack of enthusiasm for religious reform C) embrace of an aristocratic hierarchy D) creation of original forms of art and architecture E) dislike of voluntary associations
A) increasing readership of newspapers
In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American Technology was his A) introduction of interchangeable parts B) development of the first practical locomotive C) invention of the mechanical reaper D) installation of the first textile mill E) development of steam power
A) introduction of interchangeable parts
The fulfillment of the proposal in the excerpt would most immediately affect American Indians by A) prompting American Indian resistance to United States expansion and bringing about new federal government efforts focused on control B) creating an interior empire in North America in which interaction with the United States government was primarily peaceful and mutually beneficial C) providing the foundation for a new forced-labor system in which American Indians had to submit to the control of large landholders D) plowing under much of the Great Plains for the expansion of farming and reducing the buffalo herds on which many American Indians in the West relied
A) prompting American Indian resistance to United States expansion and bringing about new federal government efforts focused on control
Which of the following factors best supports the argument in the excerpt? A) The rise in manufacturing had led to many people relocating to towns and cities as demand for labor increased. B) The debates over the federal government's proper role had intensified during the early nineteenth century. C) The public visibility of women as leaders of national social and political reform movements had increased. D) The South had become increasingly reliant on producing and exporting cotton in the early nineteenth century.
B) The debates over the federal government's proper role had intensified during the early nineteenth century.
The development of the Second Great Awakening can best be linked to which of the following historical situations? A) The market revolution led to a larger number of Americans working for wages. B) Increased geographical mobility aided travel to new regions and the sharing of ideas. C) Ideals of Romanticism caused more people to question the principles of the nation's founders. D) The growing abolitionist movement was predominately influenced by northern Protestant Christians.
B) Increased geographical mobility aided travel to new regions and the sharing of ideas.
Addams' ideas expressed in the excerpt have most in common with which of the following historical views about women? A) The seventeenth-century Puritan belief that women must be governed by their husbands and fathers B) The belief of some mid-nineteenth-century reformers that women could act as the moral voice in society C) The argument of some nineteenth-century advice books that women's sphere was restricted to the home and family D) The rejection of traditional gender roles by feminists in the mid-twentieth century
B) The belief of some mid-nineteenth-century reformers that women could act as the moral voice in society
The excerpt best reflects which of the following historical situations in the early 1800s? A) The innovations in the market revolution creating new wealth for Americans B) The emergence of a new and distinctive American culture C) The transition of the United States to a more participatory democracy D) The importance of reading literacy among Americans
B) The emergence of a new and distinctive American culture
Which of the following cultural and social shifts resulted most directly from the trends described in the excerpt? A) A sharp decline in regional differences B) The emergence of new ideas about the proper roles of husbands and wives C) A decline in the income gap between those in the wealthiest class and those in the working class D) An increase in the importance placed on extended family relationships
B) The emergence of new ideas about the proper roles of husbands and wives
The excerpt best illustrates which of the following developments? A) The extension of commerce with Native Americans B) The expansion of access to markets C) The growth in the internal slave trade D) The increase in semi subsistence agricultural production
B) The expansion of access to markets
What was the purpose behind the publication of the 1840 illustration above? A) To attack William Henry Harrison for being a poor, uneducated farmer B) To portray William Henry Harrison as a common man C) To create support for the Populist movement D) To encourage settlement of Indiana by German and Irish immigrants E) To criticize the "log cabin" mentality and the manufacture of hard cider
B) To portray William Henry Harrison as a common man
Daniel Webster's address to the Senate in 1830 in reply to Senator Hayne is best remembered for its A) attack on the Tariff of Abominations B) defense of the principle of national union C) assertion of the idea of States' rights D) apology for New England's disloyalty in the War of 1812 E) praise for President Andrew Jackson
B) defense of the principle of national union
President Jackson resisted the admission of Texas into the Union in 1836 primarily because he A) acknowledged the legitimacy of the Mexican government's claim to Texas B) feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery C) was ideologically opposed to territorial expansion D) could find no support within his own party for admitting Texas E) believed that admitting Texas would violate international law
B) feared that debate over the admission of Texas would ignite controversy about slavery
The Southern economy before the Civil War increasingly A) diversified, with more industry and more mechanized agriculture B) produced more cotton and other crops but did not develop much industry C) depended on immigrant labor D) produced tobacco and sugar rather than cotton E) depended on the North for raw materials
B) produced more cotton and other crops but did not develop much industry
The most important factor in Andrew Jackson's successful bid for the presidency in 1828 was his A) choice of John C. Calhoun as his running mate B) reputation as a hero of the War of 1812 C) commitment to broad-based social reform D) reputation as an intellectual thinker and writer E) extensive experience in elective office
B) reputation as a hero of the War of 1812
The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it A) established the role of the federal government in internal improvements B) strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions C) made the invention of the steamboat economically viable D) spurred innovation in the railroad industry E) was the last major canal project before the Civil War
B) strengthened the ties between the eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions
Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT A) Indian removal B) the right of nullification C) the removal of federal deposits from the Bank of the United States D) annexation of new territory E) use of the presidential veto power
B) the right of nullification
The Missouri Compromise did which of the following? A) Prohibited slavery in all the territory of the Louisiana Purchase. B) Provided for admission of the Union of all future states in pairs of one free, one slave. C) Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state. D) Finally settled the question of congressional power over slavery in the territories. E) Provided for the annexation of Texas.
C) Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state.
Which of the following explains how the growth of a market-based economy in the United States in the early 1800s most directly influenced changes in gender roles? A) As both men and women took paid employment, social and political inequality between the sexes declined significantly. B) As an economy based on commercial transactions encouraged society to become more secular, many young women gave up traditional families. C) As home and the workplace became separated, women were increasingly expected to be responsible for housework and childcare while men took jobs outside the home. D) As working for wages became more common, many people ceased to view the family as a refuge from the struggle for subsistence.
C) As home and the workplace became separated, women were increasingly expected to be responsible for housework and childcare while men took jobs outside the home.
Which of the following was an interpretation of the speech by opponents of the goals Clay expressed in the excerpt? A) Clay was seeking to discourage factory production to protect traditional artisans. B) Clay's proposal would require the expansion of slavery to supply factory workers. C) Clay's manufacturing plan would benefit one section of the country more than others. D) Clay was seeking to encourage an increase in imports of British manufactured goods.
C) Clay's manufacturing plan would benefit one section of the country more than others.
Which of the following describes an interpretation of Clay's economic principles at the time as expressed in the excerpt? A) The sections of the United States should retain separate regional economies. B) The farmers of the United States should switch to manufacturing jobs. C) The United States should increase domestic manufacturing to promote prosperity. D) The United States should never engage in foreign commerce.
C) The United States should increase domestic manufacturing to promote prosperity.
Which of the following resulted from the policies of the Andrew Jackson administration? A) A central bank was established. B) The value of paper currency issued by individual banks became uniform. C) The number of banks, each issuing its own paper currency, increased. D) A nationwide banking system was begun. E) Federal fiscal activities became linked to a system of federal banks.
C) The number of banks, each issuing its own paper currency, increased.
Which of the following of Jackson's policies undermined his position as described in the excerpt? A) Allowing territories to determine whether slavery should be legal within their borders B) Rejecting the Supreme Court's power to determine constitutionality of laws C) Using federal power to forcibly relocate American Indian groups D) Encouraging individuals to settle west of the Mississippi River
C) Using federal power to forcibly relocate American Indian groups
Most young women who worked in the Lowell, Massachusetts, textile mills during the 1830s experienced all of the following EXCEPT A) freedom from parental authority B) long hours and periodic pay cuts C) continued employment after marriage D) demands upon their wages by their families E) camaraderie with fellow workers
C) continued employment after marriage
A key purpose of Henry Clay's American System was to A) expand slavery into new territories to preserve its economic viability B) improve diplomatic relations with European nations by allowing free immigration C) develop a national economy by improving transportation D) create more interest in politics by eliminating voting restrictions E) remove American Indians to lands west of the Mississippi River to prevent further conflicts
C) develop a national economy by improving transportation
An important consequence of the "tariff of abominations" (1828) is that it led to the A) taxation of consumer items B) reelection of Andrew Jackson C) enunciation of the doctrine of nullification D) alliance of Southern planters and Western farmers E) expansion of the New England textile industry
C) enunciation of the doctrine of nullification
The map above shows the United States immediately following the A) passage of the Northwest Ordinance B) negotiation of the Adams-Onis Treaty C) passage of the Missouri Compromise D) settlement of the Mexican War E) passage of the Compromise of 1850
C) passage of the Missouri Compromise
Jacksonian Democracy was distinguished by the belief that A) an aristocracy posed no danger to the Republic B) the National Republicans alone knew what was right for the people C) political participation by the common man should be increased D) political rights should be granted to women E) franchise restrictions should be radically neutral
C) political participation by the common man should be increased
Henry Clay's "American System" called for all of the following EXCEPT A) a tariff for the protection of industry B) internal improvements at national government expense C) sale of federal lands to finance higher education D) greater reliance on domestic financial resources E) increased trade among the sections of the nation
C) sale of federal lands to finance higher education
In the first half of the nineteenth century, Cherokee efforts to retain their tribal lands in Georgia received direct support from A) the White residents of Oklahoma B) President Andrew Jackson C) the United States Supreme Court D) the Democratic press E) the United States Congress
C) the United States Supreme Court
The change depicted on the maps most directly contributed to which of the following? A) The drawing of a boundary line to discourage settlers from moving west of the Appalachians B) The establishment of a national bank to promote more stability in financial transactions C) The calls for the United States annexation of French and Spanish territories in the Mississippi River valley D) The creation of more interconnected and efficient markets for consumer goods
D) The creation of more interconnected and efficient markets for consumer goods
People who shared the views expressed in the excerpt most likely opposed which of the following? A) The expansion of suffrage rights to most White men B) The maintenance of low tariffs that allowed the export of goods to Europe C) The expansion of United States territory through war D) The use of federal government funding for internal improvements
D) The use of federal government funding for internal improvements
The historical concept of the American identity, as characterized in the excerpt, was most clearly distinguished from the identities of other nations by the A) enthusiasm for copying English practices and institutions B) movement toward establishing a capitalist economy C) role women played in civic and public life D) importance of liberal ideas about natural rights and liberties
D) importance of liberal ideas about natural rights and liberties
Those who supported the War of 1812 advanced all of the following rationales for their positions EXCEPT the A) desirability of annexing Canada B) need to defend the honor of the United States C) need to safeguard the frontier D) obligation to protect Native Americans E) advisability of acquiring Florida
D) obligation to protect Native Americans
The role of women expressed in the cult of domesticity had its roots in A) Progressive Era urban reform B) mid-nineteenth-century nativism C) the early twentieth-century suffrage movement D) republican motherhood E) the reaction against feminism after the Second World War
D) republican motherhood
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of A) freedom of the seas B) freedom of speech C) the institution of slavery D) states' rights E) presidential power in foreign affairs
D) states' rights