APUSH fall final 2023
What did the War of 1812 reveal within the country? A supply of oil at the bottom of lake Superior. Anti-British sentiment in the government. Political tensions between the south and northeast. Pro-French sympathies in the Congress.
Political tensions between the south and northeast.
Why did expansion of the franchise advance the development of political parties?* Major issues were too complicated for voters to understand without explanations from politicians. Voter apathy required politicians to try to increase the public's interest in issues. Newly enfranchised women voters were eager to join social organizations. Politicians had to organize their appeal to newly enfranchised voters.
Politicians had to organize their appeal to newly enfranchised voters.
Which of the following explains the increase in Confederate desertion by 1865? White soldiers refused to fight alongside the longer serving black soldiers Many soldiers began to agree with abolition The soldiers felt the war had already been won Poor whites resented fighting for the benefit of rich slave owners
Poor whites resented fighting for the benefit of rich slave owners
Why did the Twelfth Amendment to the Constitution end up determining the election of 1824?Untitled Question* The vice presidential candidate to Andrew Jackson did not gain enough electoral votes. John Quincy Adams's vice presidential candidate received more electoral votes than Adams had. No one candidate received an absolute majority of electoral votes. The election included more than two candidates.
No one candidate received an absolute majority of electoral votes.
Which of the following DID NOT make the constitution of Pennsylvania more radical than the constution of Massachusetts? Abolition of property qualifications for voting A single chamber legislature without a governor Any taxpayer could vote/hold public office Only members of the Quaker faith were allowed to vote or hold office
Only members of the Quaker faith were allowed to vote or hold office
Giving political offices to your friends and allies is known as Patronage Mercantilism Republicanism Capitalism
Patronage
Which treaty opened the Mississippi Rivier/New Orleans to American trade?2 The Rush-Bagot Treaty Pickney's Treaty Jay's Treaty The Adams-Onis Treaty
Pickney's Treaty
The Union's strategy of synchronized attacks on all major Confederate Armies at once was the strategy of Lincoln and... Ulysses S. Grant Nathaniel Lyon Franklin Pierce Andrew Johnson
Ulysses S. Grant
Which of the following IS NOT something that developed in American cities in the early 19th century? Sports and sporting culture Cheap entertainments and minstrel shows Utopian co-operative societies. Temperance and social uplift movements
Utopian co-operative societies.
Which of the following best describes the first item on the agenda of the first congressional government in 1789? Passing the Judiciary Act Abolishing the offices of foreign affaris, war, and treasury Washington appointed the first presidential cabinet. The Treasury Act/enabling businesses to trade with England.
Washington appointed the first presidential cabinet.
Occurring around 1793, a spike in profits from US shipping was the result of... Washington's Farewell Address Hamilton's Economic Plan Washington's Proclaimation of Neutrality. Jefferson's Foreign Policy
Washington's Proclaimation of Neutrality.
What was the covenant chain? It was a part of the Great Awakening renewing the covenant of Abraham. A treaty signed between the French and English regarding frontier trade. When the Natives made deals with both the English and French to benefit. A trade agreement between the colonists of the Chesapeake and New England
When the Natives made deals with both the English and French to benefit.
Why did the manorial system of the Carolina's fail to take root? The Native peoples in the Carolinas protested the idea. The king of England would not allow the creation of an American nobility. White slave owners, Quakers, and poor farmers rejected the system The idea was brought to a vote and failed to pass due to a technicality.
White slave owners, Quakers, and poor farmers rejected the system
Which of the following IS NOT a reason why women emerged as social reformers in the 2nd great awakening? Elite women found newfound purpose in organizing and advocating for causes Women gained some power in protestant movements, giving them confidence. Women wanted to address issues that impacted them, alcoholism, poverty, etc Women sought to further divide society among the rich and poor.
Women sought to further divide society among the rich and poor.
Which group of people would be the least offended by the performance on the poster below? (minstrel shows) Abolitionists Slaves Working class whites The Urban White Elite
Working class whites
Marriage in New England under eighteenth-century English common law* gave the husband legal ownership of the bride's land and personal property. gave the wife the right to sell the family estate upon her husband's death. was a contract among equals. left the wife impoverished in the event of her husband's death.
gave the husband legal ownership of the bride's land and personal property.
What was a result of the Stono Rebellion in South Carolina?* a. White colonists' fears of a slave revolt increased. b. The colony loosened the slave codes to relieve unrest. c. The colony of South Carolina increased its slave imports. d. Planters in South Carolina loosened their disciplinary regimes
a. White colonists' fears of a slave revolt increased.
Wageworkers' fears that freed blacks would work for less, sabotaging their salaries, led to a decrease of support for... abolition temperance suffrage congregationalism
abolition
Why did the South Atlantic System bring the most wealth to Britain?* a. British merchants owned all ships involved in trade. b. American goods had to pass through England before being sold in Europe. c. The British possessed a monopoly on the African slave trade. d. People living in Britain owned a majority of southern plantations
b. American goods had to pass through England before being sold in Europe.
The response in Massachusetts Bay to the Navigation Acts represents a. submission to royal governance of the colonies. b. American resistance to mercantilist policies. c. American opposition to occupation by English troops. d. the powerlessness of the Puritan legislature
b. American resistance to mercantilist policies.
How did slavery in the Chesapeake differ from slavery in South Carolina?* a. Slavery was not a defining principle of the social order in the Chesapeake. b. The Chesapeake slave codes allowed Christianized Africans to become free. c. Slaves in the Chesapeake were mainly skilled laborers. d. The slave population in the Chesapeake increased naturally through reproduction
d. The slave population in the Chesapeake increased naturally through reproduction
How did the Iroquois nations secure their political future in 1701?* a. They built a firm alliance with the French. b. They built a firm alliance with the English. c. They vowed never to form an alliance with Europeans again. d. They played French and English interests against each other.
d. They played French and English interests against each other.
The ritualistic dancing of the Shakers (see picture) would have offended which group? Suffragettes Protestant Christians Abolitionists Transcendentalists
Protestant Christians
Which of the following WAS NOT a way that the French aided the colonists in winning the Revolution? They provided money to the Americans The French provided the use of their Navy The French provided access to gunpowder The French provided mercenaries from Prussia that would fight for America
The French provided mercenaries from Prussia that would fight for America
Which event represented a major step towards democracy in England and the American Colonies? The English Civil War The Long Parliament The Treaty of Paris of 1760 The Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution
Which of the following led to the wave of states revising their constitutions between 1830-1860 to allow for democracy? The Jacksonian Revolution The Benevolent Empire The Whig Movement Transcendentalism
The Jacksonian Revolution
What was the central legacy of the Great Awakening? * The movement of religious authority from educated ministers to the believer's direct experience of God Continuing divisions between Old Lights and New Lights New emphasis on the importance of science in American society The view of God as a divine "watchmaker"
The movement of religious authority from educated ministers to the believer's direct experience of God
What was the gag rule passed by the House of Representatives in 1836?* It suspended the writ of habeas corpus for any abolitionist speaker arrested for violating anti-abolitionist laws. The policy automatically tabled and prevented discussion of any antislavery petitions received by the House. It prevented southern politicians from giving proslavery speeches on the floor of the House. The rule made it a federal crime to distribute abolitionist tracts in any state where slavery was legal
The policy automatically tabled and prevented discussion of any antislavery petitions received by the House.
Which of the following IS NOT an argument made against British taxes between 1764-1765? The taxes would ruin American business interests The taxes were iligitimate as they did not stem from the people Tax cases were being decided in trials that did not include juries of peers The taxes would hurt relations with France.
The taxes would hurt relations with France.
Which of the following is true regarding the 1783 Treaty of Paris and Native Americans? The treaty did nothing to protect native lands or independence. The treaty established the Natives as a protected class The treaty formally made Native Americans fully fledged US citizens. The treaty assured the Natives of their claims to ancestral lands
The treaty did nothing to protect native lands or independence.
What development was most responsible for the growth of the northern maritime economy?* The success of tobacco planters in Virginia The Navigation Acts The productivity of farms in the interior of North America The wealth of the British sugar colonies
The wealth of the British sugar colonies
Which of the following IS NOT a result of the increased democratization of US politics in the Industrial revolution? Tariffs effected the middle/lower classes; they wanted their voices heard Pro-business govt. policy hurt the working class; who wanted representation As the elites grew more wealthy/powerful There was a renewed faith in the institutions of the United States.
There was a renewed faith in the institutions of the United States.
Which of the following describes the nineteenth-century Shakers?* They believed men were spiritually weaker than women. They excluded African Americans in order to maintain racial purity. Men greatly outnumbered women in Shaker communities. They allowed both women and men to govern their communities.
They allowed both women and men to govern their communities.
What did the Chesapeake gentry begin to do by the late 1600s in order to prevent another uprising like Bacon's Rebellion?* They started dividing their estates into small tracts, which they gave to small-scale planters. They began to decrease taxes on yeomen. They imposed a manorial system. They prohibited yeomen from investing in slaves
They began to decrease taxes on yeomen.
What statement reflects a way the Whigs differed from the Democrats in the 1840s?* They wanted to restrict the franchise. They wanted to give the vote to women. They believed that the wealthy should govern. They did not believe in running modern campaigns.
They believed that the wealthy should govern.
Why did Patriots in Concord form the Minutemen in 1774?* A growing number of French mercenaries were crossing the border from Canada. They feared that British troops would move to seize Patriot armories. They wanted to avenge the attack by British redcoats on Lexington. They were preparing for the liberation of Boston.
They feared that British troops would move to seize Patriot armories.
Why did a good number of men of the upper classes fear the Patriot movement?* They believed that the Patriot movement would ultimately lead to bigger government. They worried that the rebelling lower classes might lose sight of the tax issue. They feared that resistance to Britain was the beginning of broader anarchy. They worried that they would be the first drafted into the war against the empire.
They feared that resistance to Britain was the beginning of broader anarchy.
Why did New England merchants oppose the Sugar Act of 1764?* They feared that tighter customs enforcement would wipe out their smuggling of French molasses. They resented the steep increase in the duty on sugar imported to the colonies and the hardship it would cause consumers. They already paid a high duty on the sugar they shipped to Britain and worried that this duty increase would alienate their British buyers. They rejected the notion that they should be taxed on their sugar consumption by a king that was an ocean away from them.
They feared that tighter customs enforcement would wipe out their smuggling of French molasses.
Which of the following was true regarding the Articles of Confederation? They gave more power to the states The Articles perfectly protected American property rights The Articles created a bicameral legislature. The Articles forbade western expansion
They gave more power to the states
Which of the following is true regarding the landed gentry of the Chesapeake? They were philanthropists and gave land to the poor. They were poor and had to struggle to get by. They were merchants who established fair trade deals with England. They modeled themselves off of the English aristocracy.
They modeled themselves off of the English aristocracy.
In order to stop colonists from settling west of the Appalachians, the British implemented which of the following? Built a great wall, sealing off the Ohio valley. They deployed soldiers to the cities to trap the colonists inside. They encouraged the French to settle the region as a buffer They sent 7,500 troops to oversee the colonies/patrol the frontier.
They sent 7,500 troops to oversee the colonies/patrol the frontier.
Why did the British issue the Royal Proclamation of 1763?* They were tired of Virginia speculators claiming western lands. They resented the practice of squatting. They wanted to prevent white-Indian conflict over the land. Britain wanted to issue a stern warning to France not to cross the colonies' western borders.
They wanted to prevent white-Indian conflict over the land.
Why did North Carolina's debtors defy the authority of their government in 1766? * They resented the Old Lights' control of the colonial assembly. They resented the government's failure to contain the Regulators. They claimed they suffered taxation without representation. They wanted to save their farms from creditors and tax officials.
They wanted to save their farms from creditors and tax officials.
Which of the following movements is most aligned with the Utopian movement of the mid 19th century? Progressivism Revivalism Liberalism Fourierism
Fourierism
Why did Thomas Jefferson decide to attempt to purchase New Orleans in 1801?* France refused to allow American farmers to ship their products through the port, in violation of the Pinckney Treaty. He feared that racial violence in Haiti would spread to the American continent via French New Orleans. Great Britain wanted to use the port as a military staging point for its conquest of French and Spanish islands in the Caribbean. Napoleon Bonaparte had announced a plan to establish a French empire in North America.
France refused to allow American farmers to ship their products through the port, in violation of the Pinckney Treaty.
To avoid the concentration of land ownership that characterized feudal England, New England colonists set out to create a yeoman society consisting primarily of whom? * Redemptioners Freeholders Capitalists Planters
Freeholders
Which of the following WAS NOT an effect on politics in the US during the 1820s? Jackson encouraged more democratic participation Jackson enccouraged rule by the qualified few over the uneducated masses. Jackson's war hero persona started a trend of "popular" candidates. Jackson's campaign focused on using coordinated messaging and agents.
Jackson encouraged rule by the qualified few over the uneducated masses.
Which of the following best describes Jackson's intentions towards Native Americans? He wanted to instill American values into them. Jackson wanted to force Native Americans to to comply with treaties. Jackson wanted to rob the Native Americans of their land and move them west Jackson wanted to build alliances with the tribes of the Great Plains.
Jackson wanted to rob the Native Americans of their land and move them west
The trend of states revising their constitutions between 1830-1860 to enhance democracy was due to... Jacksonian-Era Politics The Growth of Republicanism The Revival of Federalism The Rise of the American System
Jacksonian-Era Politics
The Summer of 1856, known as Bleeding Kansas, led to which of the following events: John Brown was captured and killed. John Brown/his followers murdering 5 proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie KS Harriet Tubman started a slave revolt in Lawrence Kansas militia fought with Nebraska's militia.
John Brown/his followers murdering 5 proslavery settlers at Pottawatomie KS
Which of the following is NOT one of the causes/effects of the Glorious Revolution. King James II ignores parliament/revokes colonial charters. Parliament imposed a ssytem of checks and balances on the crown. Parliament deposed the king in a bloodless coup King James executed his wife for adultery; New England Christianity is born
King James executed his wife for adultery; New England Christianity is born
What form did most of the religious revivals of the 2nd Great Awakening take? Large camp meetings in the wilderness Gatherings at private religious academies. Preachers on street corners condemning passers by to hell. Well educated preachers sending around pamphlets.
Large camp meetings in the wilderness
What was the central premise of the Enlightenment? * Devotion and piety were the way to experience God's grace in a conversion experience. Human reason had the power to observe, understand, and improve the world. An activist God was involved in the everyday affairs of the world. Everyone's mind was a blank slate on which basic ideas or principles could be imprinted.
Human reason had the power to observe, understand, and improve the world.
What were the causes of unrest in the American backcountry in the mid-eighteenth century?
Indian threats of resistance to land taking by white farmers, internal disputes between colonists in the eastern portion of the colonies with westerners over Indian policy, disputes over political representation with low-country southern slave planters, debt and tax collection disagreements with elites farther east, religious practices, widespread crime and lawlessness, and fear of slave revolts created unrest in the backcountry
Which of the following describes The Book of Mormon, published in 1830?* It was a historical account of the Mormons' westward migration to Utah. It claimed that Jesus Christ visited an ancient American civilization soon after his resurrection. The book offered a detailed explanation and justification of the Mormons' social philosophy. The book was written anonymously by anti-Mormons to discredit Mormon beliefs
It claimed that Jesus Christ visited an ancient American civilization soon after his resurrection.
What was an effect of the increasing importance of the maritime economy in the northern colonies?* It raised standards of living in all classes. It led to the end of slavery in the North. It created a society increasingly divided by levels of wealth. It led to the growth of large urban areas in the South.
It created a society increasingly divided by levels of wealth.
Why was Hamilton's financial plan so controversial?* It lined the pockets of wealthy investors and speculators. It required Congress to recompense those who originally owned Confederation securities. The plan neglected the growing importance of manufacturing internationally. Its proposed national bank was blatantly unconstitutional.
It lined the pockets of wealthy investors and speculators.
How did Parliament resolve the Stamp Act crisis in 1766?* It repealed the law but reaffirmed its right to enact such taxation. It exempted newspapers from the stamp tax. It made the Stamp Act apply to people in Britain as well as the colonies. It enforced the Stamp Act militarily.
It repealed the law but reaffirmed its right to enact such taxation.
Why was Andrew Johnson made Lincoln's running mate in 1864? Lincoln wanted to attract Democratic voters. His former vice president was killed by a Confederate assassin. President Buchanon was involved in a patronage scandal. The Republicans thought giving the position to a veteran would poll better
Lincoln wanted to attract Democratic voters.
Which of the following is true regarding the use of money and exchange in rural New England society? Exports increased and farming also increased for more profit. The British demanded payment in coins equal to family property values. Land banks flooded the economy with paper bills. Little money was used between friends/family, but was used to settle debts
Little money was used between friends/family, but was used to settle debts
The philosophical concept of humans being entitled to life, liberty, and property is attributed to which philosopher? Locke Hobbes Machiavelli Rousseau
Locke
Which statement reflects part of Andrew Jackson's legacy?* Limiting the power of the presidency Supporting the Marshall Court in its defense of federal power and property rights Weakening the Union and advancing states' rights Making the political system more democratic
Making the political system more democratic
_____ is considered the father of American politics. John Quincy Adams Martin Van Buren George Washington Barry Goldwater
Martin Van Buren
Which of the following describes Jay's Treaty of 1795?* The treaty upheld Americans' right to ship French goods on American ships. It required the British to withdraw their troops from forts in the Northwest Territory. It required British merchants to fully compensate Americans who had prewar claims. The treaty established the pro-French direction of American foreign policy.
It required the British to withdraw their troops from forts in the Northwest Territory.
What was the Second Great Awakening that took place in the United States in the nineteenth century?* A wave of educational reforms in the early republic inspired by Thomas Grimké The republican cultural and intellectual movement inspired by Thomas Jefferson A long-lasting religious revival that prompted widespread optimism about America's capacity for reform The nationalistic cultural backlash that demonstrated a rejection of English cultural supremacy
A long-lasting religious revival that prompted widespread optimism about America's capacity for reform
As president, John Quincy Adams's support of Henry Clay's American System meant backing which action?* Indian removal from lands desired by white settlers Funding of roads and canal construction by private industry Lowering protective tariffs to allow for cheap imports A national bank to stabilize currency and promote economic growth
A national bank to stabilize currency and promote economic growth
What was the "household mode of production" used by farmers in New England? * A system in which all town residents pooled their resources to build homes for new families An economic system that relied primarily on women in the home producing quilts and clothing A system in which every member of a household was assigned a specific job A system of community exchange in which families swapped labor and goods
A system of community exchange in which families swapped labor and goods
Which of the following IS NOT a division present in the ethnic/religious groups of the Middle Colonies? Language Indian territory policy Land distribution Acceptance of Islam
Acceptance of Islam
Which statement assesses the impact of the consumer revolution in the 1750s and 1760s?* Wealth inequality decreased as a result. Farm prices dropped precipitously. American colonies sold less and less to England. American colonies incurred a trade deficit.
American colonies incurred a trade deficit.
Which of the following consequences of the Great Awakening made it significant in colonial history? Americans had the freedom to challenge authority in and out of the church. It changed attitudes of the upper classes of the colonies. It inspired the American Constitution. It led to a decrease in the importance of higher education.
Americans had the freedom to challenge authority in and out of the church.
What did Alexis de Tocqueville mean when he used the term individualism to describe American society in 1835?* Americans lived in social isolation, without any ties to caste, class, association, or family. Americans valued and respected differing views on political topics. The American people welcomed all types of immigrants, regardless of ethnicity or religion. Most Americans were uninfluenced by political parties and did not vote by party lines.
Americans lived in social isolation, without any ties to caste, class, association, or family.
Approval by Congress and ratification by the states of the Bill of Rights had which of the following outcomes?* The establishment of a clear formula for balancing state and federal power A guarantee of all men's right to vote for their political leaders An easing of Americans' fears of an oppressive national government The Constitution became the nation's legal and political foundation
An easing of Americans' fears of an oppressive national government
Apart from respectfully requesting a repeal of the Stamp Act, what else did influential Americans suggest for peaceful resistance in 1765?* Burning tax collectors in effigy Boycotting British goods Tarring and feathering royal governors Staging a sit-down strike at the Boston Harbor
Boycotting British goods
The amorous behavior of the man in the below picture, suggests that this image was made by the British French Germans Spanish
British
How did the Glorious Revolution change imperial governance of the colonies?* By increasing centralized control By giving Parliament greater control over the colonies By granting the colonies increased self-government By removing all royal governors from office
By granting the colonies increased self-government
How did the American "Daughters of Liberty" contribute to the colonists' fight against the Townshend duties of 1767?* By marching the streets of Boston and Philadelphia in loud and boisterous protests By storming a set of ships in Boston Harbor and throwing the cargo of tea overboard By drafting the Olive Branch Petition and submitting it to the king in hope for his mediation By increasing the production of homespun cloth and other necessary consumer goods
By increasing the production of homespun cloth and other necessary consumer goods
Potential seizure of the court system in MA by the British in the 1770s would have been concerning to which group below? Virginia shopkeepers Delaware clergy Chesapeake slave owners Pennsylvania Quakers
Chesapeake slave owners
What was an outcome of the Navigation acts of the 1750s? Colonial exports of cash crops were restricted to England. British merchants were barred from trading in the colonies The cities of Boston, New York, and Jamestown were burned in riots The French and Dutch invaded the English colonies.
Colonial exports of cash crops were restricted to England.
Charles Grandison Finney preached which of the following during the 2nd great awakening? That orphans need to be educated It was possible for man to choose salvation over damnation. That factory workers needed fair wages Slavery was biblically sound.
It was possible for man to choose salvation over damnation.
Which of the following is something that Southern Reconstruction Republican governments pursued? Extending franchise to women. Giving former slaves a way to improve their lives. Elmination of sharecropping for factory work. Improving cotton agriculture
Extending franchise to women.
Which of the following was an outcome of the postwar election of 1818?* The Federalists exploited voters' discontent with the economic downturn and the War of 1812, making strong gains in the House and regaining control of the Senate. Federalist governor Morris of New York astonished the country by announcing himself an enthusiastic Republican and winning election to the Senate. Federalists were soundly beaten, with the Republicans winning margins of approximately five to one in both the Senate and House of Representatives. Federalists and Republicans officially disbanded their parties, announcing that "the time for partisan politics had ended."
Federalists were soundly beaten, with the Republicans winning margins of approximately five to one in both the Senate and House of Representatives.
What were some of the causes of rising friction between the colonials and the British? Were the American colonials or the British more responsible for the friction?
1. The British and many colonials fundamentally disagreed about the colonials' civil status in the empire. 2. The rising planter and merchant classes further empowered the colonial assemblies. 3. Many British officials believed that the British needed to reassert power and control in the American colonies. 4. It is nearly impossible to apportion responsibility for the rising friction between colonials and the British. Divisions of opinion that evolved in response to changing circumstances characterized each side
Why did Virginians and other southern planters make the decision to implement slavery in the seventeenth century? Did they have other options?
1. The large planters wanted to establish a labor system that could be controlled instead of one that freed indentured servants to become demanding members of society. 2. Slaves made southern planters appear more like the West Indian planters, enhancing their prestige and power. 3. The labor market shifted. After other colonies began developing, more indentured servants went to those colonies. This shift made servants more expensive, when they could be found at all. Hence, slaves from the West Indies or Africa seemed to be more economical. 4. Politically, planters increasingly stressed race and shared human rights to create solidarity with white freeholders, farmers, and laborers. Slavery thus enabled planters to consolidate their political power. 5. There were other options. Slavery was a choice made by southern planters; it was not an inevitable outcome. The planters valued social standing, political power, and the accumulation of wealth over the human cost involved.
Which of the following bodies met in response to the Coercive Acts? 1st Continential Congress The Loyalists Congress The Free-Masons The Daughters of Liberty
1st Continental Congress
Which of the following best describes the settlement patterns of the Hudson Valley in the 18th century? German/Irish families dominated colonial politics. A European-style manorial system remained intact; the rich ruling the poor. The French and Native alliance limited expansion along the Hudson River. There was an increase in sugar plantations.
A European-style manorial system remained intact; the rich ruling the poor.
Which of the following IS NOT a belief of transcendentalism? A rejection of rationalism in favor of spirituality and mysticism. A belief that the value of a human was tied to the value he produced Belief in a finding oneself in the natural world. Belief that industrial society robbed humans of their humanity.
A belief that the value of a human was tied to the value he produced
Why had most local unions and all the national labor organizations disappeared by 1843?* Whig President John Tyler had outlawed labor organizations. The rising prosperity of the time made labor organization less pressing. A surge in immigration had thoroughly eroded the domestic labor movement. A depression and surplus of unemployed workers spelled ruin for unions.
A depression and surplus of unemployed workers spelled ruin for unions.
Which of the following IS NOT a compromise made over slavery during the MO crisis? The dual admission of free & slave states States north of the Mason Dixon line would be free states. All western states would be slave states Slave states, with the exception of MO, would be below the Mason Dixon line
All western states would be slave states
Why did Charles Townshend of the Board of Trade vow to end salutary neglect in 1749?* The colonies were being taken advantage of by Britain. The colonies failed to take advantage of the policy. British merchants were taking advantage of the crown. American colonial assemblies had overstepped their boundaries.
American colonial assemblies had overstepped their boundaries.
The efforts of George Whitefield led to which of the following? American colonials saw themselves as a chosen people blessed with liberty. A decrease in the presence of slavery in the colonies. Increased calls for feminine equality. Complications in trade with the Native Americans.
American colonials saw themselves as a chosen people blessed with liberty.
Which of the following terms was used to describe George Whitefield as he preached? Angelical Secular Divine Demonic
Angelical
Which of the following events reduced the fears of an oppressive national government for Post-Revolutionary Americans? The creation of a formula for the admission of free and slave states Approval by Congress & the addition of a Bill of Rights Universal male suffrage Washington declared the Constituion supreme law of the land
Approval by Congress & the addition of a Bill of Rights
The pro colonial Radical Whig party of England would have said which of the following regarding the below incident? Armies were instruments of tyranny. War had to happen between the colonies and Britian The colonials were too aggressive in their protest Resisting the efforts of English rule would hurt the colonies.
Armies were instruments of tyranny.
Which of the founding fathers believed that women should be educated to contribute to the growth of the republic? Ben Franklin Benjamin Rush James Madison Thomas Jefferson
Benjamin Rush
How were the lives of men and women in colonial New England similar? Both followed the Puritan faith, were very religious, and farmed. Both enjoyed social freedom in the colonies and rejected tradtion Men and women were subject to the will of the Pope/the Catholic Church Men and women were both punished equally for "criminal fornication".
Both followed the Puritan faith, were very religious, and farmed.
The model of relations between the Native Americans and the English was known as the... Iroquois Confederacy Covenant Chain Tribal Oath The Civilized Tribe Model
Covenant Chain
Which of the following is a true statement regarding the cultivation of tobacco, rice, and sugar in the 18th century? All these crops were from Maryland. Cultivation of these crops drove the slave trade/increased the # of slaves. Each of these crops saved several colonies from starvation. These crops led to a dependance on England
Cultivation of these crops drove the slave trade/increased the # of slaves.
The author of the 1829 pamphlet "An Appeal", which promoted slave uprisings and violence to end slavery was... John Brown David Walker Henry David Thoreau Susan B. Anthony
David Walker
Which area saw the most rapid increase in calls for secession between 1860-1861? Middle South Border States Deep South Upper South
Deep South
In 1835 Alexis de Tocqueville wrote that "The most able men are rarely placed at the head of affairs." This describes__ Democracy Industrialization The Third Party System The Market Revolution
Democracy
What was the cause of a rise in children being concieved out of wedlock in New York in the mid 1700s? Dividing up land for a child's inheritance led to more marriages. The establishment of a manorial system with serfs and lords. Quakers relaxed their stance on marriages. Speculators were selling land to newly weds.
Dividing up land for a child's inheritance led to more marriages.
Which statement was true of George Washington's 1793 Proclamation of Neutrality?* Earnings from shipping rose spectacularly as a result of it. Jefferson and Hamilton disagreed over the need to issue the proclamation. It resulted in France barring American shippers from the West Indies sugar trade. It prevented American merchants from trading with any European country at war.
Earnings from shipping rose spectacularly as a result of it.
During the late 1830s followers of Charles Fourier desired which of the following?* Abstention from politics Economic stability Polygamous marriage Individual property rights
Economic stability
Which of the following is a result of the formation of the English colony of Georgia? England and Spain entered into a trade pact. England and Spain went to war over harassment of English merchant ships. The French invaded New York. Spanish pirates siezed the port of Charlestown.
England and Spain went to war over harassment of English merchant ships.
Which of the following IS NOT a power granted to the government by the constitution? Taxation/Tax collection Military defense Enshrining a state religion Regulation of Commerce
Enshrining a state religion
What led to the illegal duel between Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr? Burr had an affair with Hamilton's wife Jefferson framed Hamilton for theft of Burr's money Hamilton chose to support Jefferson in the election of 1800 Hamilton accused Burr of treason
Hamilton accused Burr of treason
How did the political visions of Hamilton and Jefferson differ? Hamilton was more business friendly. Jefferson was farmer friendly. Jefferson wanted a strong central government. Hamilton wanted state power. Hamilton believed the US should conquer England. Jefferson wanted peace. Jefferson did not support Western expansion. Hamilton was pro expansion.
Hamilton was more business friendly. Jefferson was farmer friendly.
What was Hamilton's vision of the future? What policies did he advocate to achieve it? How was Jefferson's vision different?
Hamilton's Vision- Hamilton called for an authoritarian government, and as treasury secretary he enhanced national authority through a program of national mercantilism. Hamilton instituted policies that fully funded the Confederation's debt, which both protected the United States' credit and gave enormous profits to speculators who had bought up depreciated securities, and assumed the states' war debts, which both eased states' finances and put money into the pockets of well-to-do creditors. Hamilton's other major financial policies included the creation of the Bank of the United States to handle government funds and lend stability to the national economy. Jefferson's Vision- Speaking as a southern planter, Jefferson embraced the Enlightenment spirit of optimism and expressed a democratic vision of an agricultural nation based on small, independent farmers. He believed the independent yeoman farm families, unlike urban laborers and other wageworkers, had the economic and political independence to sustain a republican policy.
The critical disagreement that led to the emergence of political parties in the mid-1790s was based on which of the following issues?* Jay's Treaty Hamilton's financial plan Interstate trade Slavery
Hamilton's financial plan
Why did Lord North repeal the Townshend duties in 1770?* He thought it was foolish to tax basic food items such as tea. After the Boston Massacre, Lord North felt that Parliament had no choice but to make this concession. He argued that taxes on British exports made no economic sense. He realized that the Townshend duties were internal taxes and therefore unconstitutional.
He argued that taxes on British exports made no economic sense.
Why did President Jackson veto the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States?* He thought it illegal to recharter the bank before its original charter had expired. He wanted to promote his "pet banks" at the state level. He believed the bank to be unconstitutional. He believed the bank was financially reckless and unstable.
He believed the bank to be unconstitutional.
Which of the following was the reasoning for the impeachment of Andrew Johnson? He overstepped his bounds, defying Congress. His repeated attempts to undermine Reconstruction. Johnson had Secretary of State Seward thrown in jail. Johnson brought Jefferson Davis to the Whitehouse.
He overstepped his bounds, defying Congress.
Which of the following statements describes the Federalists' response to the War of 1812?* Almost all Federalists supported the war out of patriotism and a desire to acquire eastern Canada from Britain. Most Federalists reluctantly supported the war because public opinion favored it and they wanted to win in the upcoming midterm elections. Federalists such as Daniel Webster welcomed the high tariff brought by the war because it would help New England industries. Most Federalists strongly opposed the war, and some in Massachusetts met to consider amending the Constitution to prevent similar future wars.
Most Federalists strongly opposed the war, and some in Massachusetts met to consider amending the Constitution to prevent similar future wars.
Which best describes the state of Irish immigration between 1840-1850? Most Irish were well educated members of England's industrial class The Irish were integrated almost immediately into American society Most Irish immigrants were impoverished peasants The Irish often did not stay in the United States
Most Irish immigrants were impoverished peasants
Which of the following is the best description of Native tribalism in the early 18th century? Tribes began adopting European morality standards Native peoples began adapting to the demands of their European neighbors Colonists declared a truce with the native tribes. Native peoples banded together to forma distinctly "American" identity.
Native peoples began adapting to the demands of their European neighbors
The network of reform organizations, known collectively as the Benevolent Empire, sought to eliminate poverty by which of the following means?* Increased reliance upon sermons Reducing consumption of alcohol Building more prisons Allowing businesses to operate on the Sabbath
Reducing consumption of alcohol
What stood at the heart of Thomas Paine's Common Sense?* The Pietists' appeal to empathy Rejection of patriarchal authority A long list of accusations against the king The framework of the new constitution
Rejection of patriarchal authority
What effects did the Second Great Awakening have on American society?
Religious Effects- Intolerance toward non-Protestant beliefs, including Catholicism. There was an increase in church membership in the egalitarian denominations such as Methodism and Baptism. The number of churches around the country increased and they became the social centers of communities in rural areas. The number of blacks in Protestant sects increased. Social Effects- Women gained greater importance and power in church affairs and ultimately gained more access to education and leadership positions, and greater spiritual and community authority. Political Effects- The Great Awakening created a wide range of benevolent reform movements that expanded into the political realm.
Which of the following IS NOT a link between religion and reform movements between 1820-1848? Religious reformers only focused on spiritual issues and not social issues. Both movements sought to improve the "character" of society. Both movements focused on the immorality of the institution of slavery. Both movements fought against issues like alcoholism.
Religious reformers only focused on spiritual issues and not social issues.
How did the British Parliament attempt to impose control over the colonies after the French and Indian War? Looking the other way when it came to smugglers like John Hancock Seizing American trade vessels carrying supplies to the Carribean. Only hiring people to work in colonial government who bowed to the king. Arresting any person who was critical of the crown.
Seizing American trade vessels carrying supplies to the Carribean.
The prevaling trends of "starvation wages" and exploitative working conditions led to a rise of __ in 19th cent. cities. Sex work/commercialized sex Churches abandoning working communities Immigrant communities Laws banning the sale and production of pornography.
Sex work/commercialized sex
Which of the following is something unique to the Shaker communal societies? They only admitted Europeans from central Europe. Shakers were a matriarchal movement. The Shakers were predominently men. Shakers allowed for both men and women to run their communities
Shakers allowed for both men and women to run their communities
What was the central argument of David Walker's "An Appeal..."? Slaves should not rebel, but should seek religious revival. Slave owners should focus on increasing their yields. Slave rebellions would be justified so long as slavery existed. That slaves were better off in Africa.
Slave rebellions would be justified so long as slavery existed.
How were slaves treated in the Chesapeake region of the colonies? Slaves from different areas were mixed together to prevent solidarity. They were given a free education in exchange for labor. Planters paid slaves for their work. Planters gave slaves incentives for increased productivity.
Slaves from different areas were mixed together to prevent solidarity.
What new regional tensions did the War of 1812 expose?
South/West Versus Northeast- The war exposed tensions between the Federalists and the Republicans, but it also exposed new regional tensions. The newly settled West joined with the South in support of the war because people in that region hoped it would end Britain's efforts to bolster the Native Americans there and help them gain new territory. Northeasterners, who had no vested interest in the acquisition of new land but who favored industry and the interests of free labor, shippers, and merchants, opposed the war. These regional differences ultimately divided the Republican Party and caused the Federalist Party to crumble.
During the first half of the nineteenth century, population growth in cities like New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, and Boston accelerated rapidly. Along with that growth came the birth of a new urban culture. What forms of entertainment were a part of that culture and to whom did they appeal?
Sports- Sports were a popular entertainment for young working men. They could partake in a variety of traditional blood sports that included rat and terrier fights, boxing, billiards, and bowling. Theaters and Minstrel Shows- The theater was also popular among some working men who could enjoy a wide variety of performances, including Shakespeare. Reform-minded couples also frequented lectures and performances on topics such as temperance and slavery. Minstrel shows, during which white actors in blackface offered comic routines known primarily for their racist caricatures of blacks, were the most popular form of theatrical entertainment. Minstrels also ridiculed immigrants, women's rights activists, and the upper class. Popular Fiction and the Penny Press- Increasing literacy rates and technological advances made magazines and the penny press another popular form of entertainment. By midcentury more than six hundred magazines that offered religious devotionals, sentimental and reform literature, and magazines for the expanding middle class, were in print. Many Protestant denominations, doctors, Sunday school leaders, and temperance advocates communicated through the print medium.I n addition, advice books helped both men and women navigate their respective worlds. Those seeking to read about crime and scandals turned to the penny papers, which proved to be very popular among those living and working in tenements, workshops, and saloons.
The main difference between the legal jurisprudence of John Marshall and Roger B. Taney? Taney was states rights oriented; Marshall was nationally oriented Marshall favored Democratic politics and Taney Whig politics Taney was more in favor of contract law vs. property law Marshall was a protector of Native American rights.
Taney was states rights oriented; Marshall was nationally oriented
Which of the following border states would join the Confederacy in 1861? Mississippi Tennessee Maryland Missouri
Tennessee
Which of the following events was the Federalists' response to the Republicans' criticism of their policies in the 1790s?* The Alien and Sedition Acts The XYZ Affair The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions War with France
The Alien and Sedition Acts
Why did the Baptist sect attract African Americans? * White Baptists welcomed them to revivals with open arms. They were without spiritual beliefs and longed for religious instruction. The Baptist message declared all people to be equal in God's eyes. The Baptists criticized the Chesapeake planter elite.
The Baptist message declared all people to be equal in God's eyes.
Why did the number of printshops explode after 1695 in the English colonies? * Gutenberg invented the printing press that year. The Glorious Revolution ended the era of royal censorship that year. Until then, colonists had lacked the skills to set up their own printing shops. The British government let the long-standing Licensing Act lapse
The British government let the long-standing Licensing Act lapse
Which of the following was the result of the Battle of Yorktown, the final major battle of the Revolution? The British defeated Washington using artillery tactics. The British surrendered, outnumbered & cut off from the sea by the French. Henry Clinton killed Cornwallis as the battle turned against them. Cornwallis defected from the British and joined Washington's forces.
The British surrendered, outnumbered & cut off from the sea by the French.
Which of the following countries was driven from the colonies by the British in the late 17th century? The French The Germans The Holy Roman Empire The Dutch
The Dutch
What movement increased the presence of books/learning, human reason, and the social contract in Colonial America? The Great Awakening The Glorious Revolution The Enlightenment Bacon's Rebellion
The Enlightenment
Which of the following events led to a decrease in the imports of slaves from Africa? Bacon's Rebellion Pontiac's War The Stono Rebellion King Philip's War
The Stono Rebellion
The May 1838 forced expulsion of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia to the new Indian Territory is remembered by what name?* The Trail of Tears The spoils of war The Bad Axe Massacre The Indian Removal Act
The Trail of Tears
Which of the following was essential to the ratification of the Constitution? Ending the slave trade Electing Washington as president Ensuring the creation of the first bank of the United States The creation of a bill of rights to be added to the Constitiution.
The creation of a bill of rights to be added to the Constitiution.
Arguments over Hamilton's monetary policy/financial plans led to which of the following results: The dissolution of the Republic The suspension of haebeas corpus The restoration of the Articles of Confederation The creation of the first political parties
The creation of the first political parties
This map best represents which of the following continuities in America's history: The failure to define the relationship between the natives and the govt. The spread of Federalism Jeffersonian Agrarianism America's willingness to fairly negotiate with Native peoples
The failure to define the relationship between the natives and the govt.
By midcentury, the traditional strategies that New England's farming families had relied on to provide marriage portions for children and security in old age for parents had become problematic. Why? How did farming households respond?
The increase in population and the tightening supply of farmland prevented new sons and daughters from receiving arable land.New England Farming Families' Responses- Many chose to have smaller families by using birth control. Others petitioned the provincial government for land grants. Some moved inland and created farms, while others replaced traditional English crops with potatoes and Indian corn and engaged in a "household mode of production" by bartering goods and services with neighbors.
Why did President Andrew Jackson insist on getting Congress to pass the Force Bill to threaten South Carolina even while he was willing to reduce the tariff that southerners objected to?* To demonstrate his power over Congress To express his sense of betrayal by Vice President John C. Calhoun To assert federal authority and preserve the Union To have the opportunity to lead troops in battle once again
To assert federal authority and preserve the Union
Which of the following was a result of the Turner Rebellion of the 1830s?* The rebels won their freedom. A national convention of African American activists met in Philadelphia. Tougher slave codes and restrictions were implemented. Rioting erupted in northern cities.
Tougher slave codes and restrictions were implemented.
The philosophy that people could gain mystical knowledge and harmony beyond the world of the senses is known as which of the following?* Individualism The cult of domesticity Utopianism Transcendentalism
Transcendentalism
Jackson's practice of appointing loyal members of his party to public offices became known as* the caucus system. the spoils system. the two-party system. the American System.
the spoils system.
The debate over free and slave states led to the Missouri Compromise, which could be described as a sequence of wars with Native Americans. debate about the merits of American Imperialism debate over the American System. truce over the issue of slavery.
truce over the issue of slavery.
Which side was responsible for pushing events toward a military confrontation, was it the British, the Colonies, or both? Explain your reasoning using information from the text/your notes.
• Britain's Role: The British were responsible because they refused to back off and kept pushing the Americans to respond.• Americans' Role: The Americans were responsible because they formed a radical group that disseminated revolutionary ideology among a broad segment of the population, which was already imbued with Whig ideology, and escalated events even when the political climate seemed calm.• Dual Responsibility: Each side bore equal responsibility. The Americans did not, after all, pay as much tax as did people in Britain. The British did not have to stand so steadfastly for the policy of taxation. They could have come up with a system of representation for Americans in the House of Commons or established a colonial parliament and averted the crisis. But they chose not to, preferring to treat the Americans as second-class citizens. The Americans chose to interpret British actions in the most extreme manner, exaggerating their intent.
Why did the colonists object to the new taxes in 1764 and again in 1765? What arguments did they use?
• Economic Objections: Publicly, colonists objected to the Sugar Act by claiming that it would ruin the distilling industry in North America. In fact, wealthy merchants like John Hancock had made their fortunes smuggling French molasses, and they resisted the policy because it would make such smuggling and trade more difficult.• Constitutional Objections: Colonists made constitutional objections to both the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act. In Massachusetts, the colonial assembly argued that the tax legislation was "contrary to a fundamental Principall of our Constitution: That all Taxes ought to originate with the people." In other colonies they claimed that new taxes violated the constitutional liberties of British people in the form of trial without juries and taxation without representation. The Sugar Act stipulated that merchants prosecuted under the act would be tried in vice-admiralty courts, not local common-law courts, which also sparked colonial arguments that the British administration was violating its own constitutional laws. They objected to the British reformers' views that Americans were second-class subjects of the king, with rights limited by the Navigation Acts, parliamentary laws, and British interests.
What were Andrew Jackson's policies on banking and tariffs? How did they evolve over his time in the White House? What effect did they have on America during this era?
• Summary of Jackson's Policies: Jackson disdained the American System plan of high tariffs and centralized economic development, and called banks and tariffs the protectors of monopoly and special privilege. He made these views public during his campaign and won because they appealed to many social groups.• Evolution of Jackson's Policies: His decentralized economic policies evolved over time in response to state and private attempts, such as South Carolina's Nullification Ordinance and the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States, to create high tariffs and central banks.• Effect of Jackson's Policies: Jackson's decentralized economic policies hurt the American economy because they destroyed the American System of protective tariffs and internal improvements, resulting in a profound reduction in the economic activities and creative energy of the federal government.
Explain the rise of the Second Party System (Hint: Two Party System). How would you characterize the growth and change of American politics in the early 1840s due to the Second Party System?
• Whigs and the Origins of the Second Party System: The Second Party System began during the 1830s when professional politicians of middle-class background created the Whig Party in opposition to the astounding rise of the Democratic Party under Jackson.• Analysis of Early 1840s Politics: During the 1840s, Whigs and Democrats competed for appeal to different cultural groups, creating a very spirited period of intense political debate, an expansion of the electorate, a rise in party loyalties and party competition, and an appeal to ethnocultural politics. The role of the unions and Working Men's parties decreased as a result of the economic downturn of 1837 and the Taney Court decisions.
