APUSH Midterm
The Virginia colonists' interactions with American Indians, as described in the excerpt, most directly contributed to which of the following? A English colonists became primarily concerned with converting American Indians to Christianity. B English relations with American Indians became mostly hostile and characterized by conflict. C The English sought political alliances with American Indians in an attempt to establish equal sovereignty for both groups. D English colonists routinely intermarried with American Indians in an effort to blend the cultures of both groups.
B
The confederacy formed to "exasperate the Indians against the English" was motivated primarily by which of the following? A Fraudulent trade deals between the leaders of Plymouth Colony and the Wampanoags B Dispossession of Wampanoag land and threats to their sovereignty C Forced religious conversion of Wampanoags by Puritan missionaries D Intermarriage with the English, which threatened Wampanoag cultural independence
B
The immediate effect of Andrew Jackson's attack on the Second Bank of the United States in 1834 was A the creation of the "independent treasury" B an expansion of credit and speculation C the failure of state banks D the establishment of modern banking regulations E the creation of a federal deficit
B
The principal motivation for drafting the Bill of Rights was the desire to A test the new process of amendment described in the Constitution B protect rights not specified in the Constitution C strengthen the power of the federal government D restore to the states the powers they had enjoyed under the Articles of Confederation E clarify the federal relationship among the states
B
The relationship between American Indians and the French described in the excerpt was most similar to the relationship between American Indians and the A British B Dutch C Spanish D Portuguese
B
What was the primary intention of the Adams administration in enforcing the Sedition Act? A To stop illegal aliens from voting B To intimidate critics of Adams' foreign policy toward France and England C To prosecute Democratic-Republicans who violated American neutrality D To prepare for war against Great Britain E To keep France from selling Louisiana to Spain
B
Which of the following best describes Landsman's argument in the last paragraph of the excerpt? A English conquests in the Middle Colonies were harsher than the conquests of other European empires in the Americas. B Toleration of religious diversity in the Middle Colonies was made a necessity because of patterns of migration. C The spread of Enlightenment values was the main reason that pluralism developed in the Middle Colonies. D The French colonies in North America and the Middle Colonies had very similar settler populations.
B
Which of the following best describes the trend in the number of enslaved Africans brought to the Carolinas and Georgia depicted in the graph? A It sharply decreased before the 1770s and then returned to the level of 1751-1760. B It increased before the 1770s and then declined between 1771 and 1790. C It remained steady before 1770 and reached zero slave imports by 1771. D It consistently decreased until reaching zero slave imports by 1781.
B
Which of the following contributed most directly to the change in the number of Africans transported to the New World after 1800? A The emergence of a more industrial economy in Great Britain and the United States B The outlawing of the international slave trade by Great Britain and the United States C The increased resistance to slavery within African nations D The influence of major slave rebellions in Haiti and elsewhere
B
Which of the following contributed most to the increasing use of African slave labor in North America during the 1600s and 1700s? A Successful colonial attempts to convert enslaved Africans to Christianity B European demand for agricultural products grown in the colonies C The spread of European Enlightenment ideas in the colonies D A decline in regional distinctiveness among the colonies
B
Which of the following historical situations most directly shaped Paine's argument that Britain's policies were economically harming its colonies? A Increased immigration to the Americas B Continued enforcement of mercantilism C Limitations on indentured servitude D Demand for raw materials
B
Which of the following most directly contributed to the development depicted in the image? A The emerging European naval capabilities in the Caribbean B The search for new sources of wealth in the Caribbean C The North American reliance on imports from the Caribbean D The spread of diseases native to the Americas to enslaved African plantation laborers
B
Which of the following most directly resulted from the change in the Native American population described by Las Casas? A The Spanish introduced new crops into the Americas, altering the native diet. B The Spanish imported Africans as a new source of labor. C Laborers on Hispaniola launched a large-scale rebellion against their Spanish oppressors. D The remaining native groups established alliances with the Spanish colonists.
B
Which of the following statements about the population of North America at the time of Christopher Columbus' voyages is supported by the map above? A The American Indian population was distributed uniformly throughout North America. B The most densely populated regions of North America would eventually become part of New Spain. C The most densely populated regions of North America would eventually become part of New France. D Compared with other areas of North America, relatively few American Indians lived in the Southeast. E The American Indian population was concentrated on the Great Plains.
B
The excerpt most directly reflects which of the following goals for England's North American colonies? A Developing them as a producer of manufactured goods B Aiding them in developing trade with other European nations C Integrating them into a coherent imperial structure based on mercantilism D Protecting them from American Indian attacks
C
The map above shows the United States immediately following the A passage of the Northwest Ordinance B negotiation of the Adams-Onis Treaty C passage of the Missouri Compromise D settlement of the Mexican War E passage of the Compromise of 1850
C
Thomas Jefferson's reaction to the Jay Treaty as expressed in the letter was most directly a reflection of ongoing debates in the United States over A economic policy B expansion to the west C the impact of the French Revolution D the return of a monarchy
C
Which of the following best describes Deism? A A belief that the course of each individual's life is predestined by God B A concept of toleration advanced by Quaker preachers C The belief that God had created the world but allowed it to operate through the laws of nature D A principle taught in colonial New England colleges E A radical theory encouraging free love and communal living
C
Which of the following happened as a result of Bacon's Rebellion in 1676 ? A Governor William Berkeley abolished Virginia's House of Burgesses. B Virginia passed new laws protecting workers' rights. C Tensions between backcountry farmers and the tidewater gentry were exposed. D Indentured servants received additional free land after fulfilling their terms of service. E The king allowed Virginia colonists to select their own governor.
C
Which of the following issues did the framers of the United States Constitution most directly address? A The domestic slave trade B The establishment of a national bank C The strengthening of central government powers D Property qualifications required for voting
C
Which of the following most profoundly transformed the lives of slaves in the South in the mid-1700s? A The reluctance of White slaveholders to move west and settle in the Ohio River valley B The growing popularity of antislavery sentiment among White Americans C The growth of a native-born African American population D The prevalence of slave rebellions on large plantations E The passage of gradual emancipation laws in the upper South
C
Which of the following was a major difference between the encomienda system and slave labor in the Spanish colonies? A The encomienda system was developed specifically for plantation agriculture, whereas slaves were used only in mines. B The encomienda system imported servants from Europe, whereas the slavery system mostly exploited Native Americans. C The encomienda system exploited the labor of Native Americans, whereas slavery more typically extracted labor from enslaved Africans. D The encomienda system paid laborers wages, whereas wages were not paid to enslaved people.
C
Which of the following was true of colonial New England? A It consisted of loosely organized communities spread some distance apart. B Its economy was dependent on large-scale farming and trading. C Life was centered in clustered villages with farmland surrounding the villages. D Most people lived in large cities. E Villages and small towns were tightly organized around an artisan community.
C
An implication of Las Casas' argument is that a major cause of the decline of the native populations in the Americas after 1492 was the A importation of European and African wildlife to the Americas B large-scale clashes between native armies and the Spanish C resistance of indigenous groups to religious conversion D epidemics brought to the Americas by Europeans
D
Arguments for creating a stronger federal government arose primarily as the result of long-term concerns about the A attempts by Great Britain to regain its former North American colonies B use of congressional funds to build road networks between the states C challenge of establishing rules to allow territories to become new states D inability of the national government to maintain order under the Articles
D
As originally ratified, the United States Constitution provided for A political parties B a president cabinet C the direct election of senators D an electoral college E a two-term presidential limit
D
By the 1790s the ideas of the Anti-Federalists contributed most directly to the A imposition of a protective tariff B abolition of the trans-Atlantic slave trade C continued use of property qualifications for voting in most states D resistance of western farmers to federal oversight
D
During the War for Independence, the principal reason the American government sought diplomatic recognition from foreign powers was to A rally all the states behind a common cause B convince the British of the justice of the American cause C make it easier to levy taxes on the citizens of the several states D facilitate the purchase of arms and borrowing of money from other nations E allow Von Steuben, Lafayette, and other Europeans to join the American army
D
In the Colonial period, Quakers were known for all of the following EXCEPT their A acceptance of a greater role for women in public worship B opposition to the institution of slavery C advocacy of freedom of worship D refusal to pay taxes E refusal to bear arms
D
In the eighteenth century, colonial Virginia and colonial Massachusetts were most alike in that both A relied on the marketing of a single crop B were heavily dependent on slave labor C had an established Anglican church D were royal colonies E administered local government through justice of the peace
D
Landsman claims that some historians might not consider the Middle Colonies a single British colonial region because the Middle Colonies A contained multiple inland waterways for commerce B were settled by ethnically diverse groups of Europeans C received European immigrants who practiced a variety of religions D had different local economies focused on Philadelphia and New York City
D
President Washington's Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 was issues in response to A Spanish expansion in the Southeast B Dutch economic activity in the mid-Atlantic states C Canadian alliances with northern American Indians D French diplomatic overtures to invoke the Franco-American Alliance E English boycotts of selected American manufactures
D
The Alien and Sedition Acts were designed to A protect the nation from British spies B prevent the British from fomenting unrest among American Indians C strengthen the Constitution D weaken and deflect Republican criticism of the Federalists E counter the Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
D
The Kentucky and Virginia resolutions, the Hartford Convention, and the South Carolina Exposition and Protest were similar in that all involved a defense of A freedom of the seas B freedom of speech C the institution of slavery D states' rights E presidential power in foreign affairs
D
The demographics of the lower South colonies in 1750 most directly contributed to which of the following conditions for enslaved people? A Frequent conversion to evangelical Christianity B Widespread opportunities for literacy C Extensive apprenticeships in skilled trades D Relative autonomy to preserve and adapt African traditions
D
The encomienda and slavery systems both contributed to which of the following developments? A The Spanish colonies developed a social hierarchy based on economic status rather than on racial categories. B The Spanish colonies experienced intermingling between European and Native American populations to such an extent that racial categories ceased to be recognized. C Native Americans, Africans, and Europeans were all integrated into Spanish colonial society on an equal basis. D The Spanish developed a race-based caste system that defined the status of Europeans, Native Americans, Africans, and people of mixed race in their colonies.
D
The government of the Articles of Confederation was successful in resolving the problem of how to A open British Caribbean ports to American trade B enable American citizens to trade through the port of New Orleans C overcome state-imposed tariff barriers to interstate commerce D provide for statehood for western territories E secure sufficient funds for payment of the national debt
D
The map shows the United States as it appeared in A 1784 B 1800 C 1812 D 1821 E 1845
D
The provisions established by Pinckney's Treaty were important to the development of United States commerce because they A provided the basis for a profitable fishing enterprise along the Mississippi River B transformed the Mississippi River into an important defensive boundary against Spanish invasions C resolved a long-standing territorial dispute with the French D encouraged the development of trade through the port of New Orleans E gave the United States possession of Florida
D
To make the new government viable, the first Congress of the United States did all of the following EXCEPT A organize a federal court system under the Supreme Court B draft a bill of rights and send it to the states for ratification C pass a tariff for the purpose of raising revenue D grant subsidies to encourage industrial development E establish the State Department
D
Which of the following best explains the depiction of George Washington in the third verse of the song? A Washington's public advocacy for abolition B The movement to elect Washington president for life C Washington's policy of intervening in European conflicts D The popular image in national culture of Washington as a virtuous leader
D
Which of the following describes a piece of evidence for Las Casas' claim in the fourth paragraph about the similarity between ancient Spanish people and Native Americans? A The ancient Spanish were used by the Romans as laborers. B The ancient Spanish were Christians when the Romans arrived. C The ancient Spanish had no laws or political rulers. D The ancient Spanish had a right to their own freedom.
D
Which of the following describes a trend shown in the graph of the regional distribution of the slave trade before the American Revolution? A The northern colonies did not participate in the slave trade. B The slave trade to Virginia and Maryland increased. C Fewer enslaved Africans were brought to the southern colonies than to the northern colonies. D More enslaved Africans were brought to the Carolinas and Georgia than to Virginia and Maryland.
D
Which of the following is true of the case of Marbury v. Madison? A It established that Congress had the sole right to formulate national legislation. B It supported Thomas Jefferson in his claim to have "executive review." C It backed William Marbury in his request for a bank charter. D It affirmed the principle of judicial review. E It determined the Senate's right to "advise and consent."
D
Which of the following was an important consequence of the debate over the Jay Treaty? A The United States adopted a policy of isolationism. B Sectional tensions between the West and the South increased. C Federalists introduced legislation in Congress to establish a constitutional monarchy on the British model. D Strong disagreements over policy promoted the development of political parties.
D
Which of the following was an outcome of the Columbian Exchange? A The life expectancy of Native Americans increased. B Horses and smallpox were introduced in Europe. C Sugar and rice were introduced in Africa. D The diets of Europeans improved. E The population of Europe decreased.
D
Anne Hutchinson was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony in 1637 because she A violated Puritan laws regarding marriage B advocated the inclusion of American Indians in Puritan congregations C was a Quaker who sought converts D advocated giving women full inheritance E challenged the religious beliefs of the colony's leaders
E
In which of the following British North American colonies was slavery legally established by the early 1700's? A The southern colonies only B The middle and southern colonies only C The tobacco- and rice-growing colonies only D All the colonies except Pennsylvania and the New England colonies E All the colonies
E
Life in the Jamestown Colony in the early seventeenth century was difficult for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: A The colonists suffered from malnutrition due to a poor diet. B Some colonists believed that farming was beneath their social standing. C None of the expected gold or silver was found. D A severe outbreak of disease occurred. E The Spanish conducted frequent raids.
E
Question 20 / Your Response The Constitutional Convention of 1787 did all of the following EXCEPT A create a government that would be satisfactory to both slave and free states B create a government that would be satisfactory to both large and small states C create a strong central government that would not threaten the sovereignty of the states D establish a balance of power between the three branches of the national government E determine provisions to be included in the Bill of Rights
E
The issuance of the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following? A Reaffirmed George Washington's goal of United States neutrality in the Americas. B Helped Secretary of State John Quincy Adams secure the presidency in 1824. C Established the United States as the dominant economic power in South America. D Provided the basis for resolving Anglo-American border disputes. E Asserted American independent in the realm of foreign policy.
E
Which of the following characterizes the relationship between church and state for the Puritans who settled the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the seventeenth century? A The colonial government officially supported religious toleration. B Colonial officials strictly separated church and state. C Colonial officials encouraged churches to incorporate Catholic elements of worship. D Ministers held most elected offices. E Church membership was required for voting and holding public office.
E
Which of the following was true of the first Great Awakening? A It primarily affected church congregations in towns and cities. B Cotton Mather was one of its most famous preachers. C It was denounced by Jonathan Edwards. D It was primarily a southern phenomenon. E It resulted in divisions within both the Congregational and Presbyterian churches.
E
Which statement is true of the United States Constitution? A The Constitution cannot be amended. B Thomas Jefferson was the author of the Constitution. C The Constitution was modeled on the French system of government. D The Constitution established a unicameral legislature. E The Constitution's checks and balances helped establish a stable government.
E
President George Washington's Farewell Address set a course for the nation by A endorsing the economic policies of the Federalists B discouraging permanent alliances with foreign nations C endorsing the two-party system D calling for strict term limits for federal officeholders E calling for the adoption of universal suffrage
B
The pattern depicted on the graph from 1450 to 1800 best serves as evidence of which of the following? A The replacement of indigenous labor and indentured servitude by enslaved Africans in New World colonies B The development of varied systems of racial categorization in the European colonies C The effectiveness of the abolitionist movement in Europe and the Americas D The susceptibility of enslaved populations to New World diseases
A
The relationship established between the federal government and the states under the United States Constitution was a long-term response to which of the following earlier developments? A The claims of parliamentary authority over colonial legislatures B George Washington's warning against the formation of permanent alliances C Frontier conflicts between Native Americans and British colonists D Democratic-Republican opposition to Alexander Hamilton's economic policies
A
Thomas Jefferson believed all of the following EXCEPT: A A strong national army is essential to keep order in the United States. B The farmer is the backbone of American society. C The government is best that governs least. D The president should practice republican simplicity. E Freedom of speech is essential in a republic.
A
Which of the following best explains why Massachusetts Bay officials banished Anne Hutchinson? A She challenged gender roles and Puritan orthodoxy. B She was found guilty of practicing witchcraft. C She preached the doctrine of predestination. D She gave birth to a child out of wedlock. E She opened an unlicensed tavern.
A
Which of the following best explains why some European colonists intermarried with Native Americans? A To create economic and diplomatic relationships between Europeans and Native Americans B To ensure that specific European countries could establish claims to land in North America C To prevent the enslavement of certain groups of Native Americans considered allies D To establish a new culture that synthesized European and Native American elements
A
Which of the following contributed most to the American Victory in the Revolution? A French military and financial assistance B The failure of Loyalists to participate in military action C A major American military victory at Valley Forge D Support the French Canadians E The British failure to capture Philadelphia
A
Which of the following contributed to the outbreak of the Seven Years' War (French and Indian War) in North America? A Intensified competition between France and Britain over colonies B Efforts by Britain to monopolize tobacco sales in Europe C Spanish attempts to end British control of the trans-Atlantic slave trade D Britain's desire to enact new taxes on Native American nations
A
Which of the following most accurately describes the attitude of the Founding Fathers toward political parties? A Parties are vehicles of ambition and selfish interest that threaten the existence of republican government. B Parties are engines of democracy that provide citizens with a voice in government. C Parties are necessary evils in any republic. D In a large republic, parties are the best means of creating effective coalitions of interest groups. E A two-party system is essential to a stable republic.
A
Which of the following was a reason the United States government believed it necessary to negotiate a treaty with Great Britain following the American Revolution? A British activities and landholdings in North America were an impediment to western settlement and peace along the frontier. B Northerners hoped that Britain's antislavery position would pressure southern states to abolish slavery. C The Washington administration wanted to improve relations to encourage France to sell the Louisiana Territory. D The government wanted to mediate a better relationship between France and Britain to help bring peace to the European continent.
A
Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson challenged the authority of which of the following? A Anglican clergy B Puritan magistrates and ministers C Catholic priests and bishops D Baptist ministers E Methodist itinerants
B
Smith most likely wrote his account for which of the following reasons? A To recruit missionaries to come to the Virginia colony B To increase support for the colony from the monarchy and investors C To promote an alliance between colonists in Virginia and colonists elsewhere in the Americas D To encourage the Virginia colonists to abandon the colony
B
The Declaration of Independence did all of the following EXCEPT A appeal to the philosophy of natural rights B call for the abolition of the slave trade C appeal to the sympathies if the English people D criticize the provisions of the Quebec Act of 1774 E accuse George III of tyranny
B
The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions took the position that A only the United States Supreme Court had the power to restrict freedom of speech and press B the authority of state governments included the power to decide whether or not an act of Congress was constitutional C only fiscal measures initiated by state legislatures could be acted on by Congress D Congress was responsible for maintaining the vitality of a "loyal opposition" political party E the "supremacy clause" of the Constitution applied only to foreign
B
The Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions took the position that A only the United States Supreme Court had the power to restrict freedom of speech and press B the authority of state governments included the power to decide whether or not an act of Congress was constitutional C only fiscal measures initiated by state legislatures could be acted on by Congress D Congress was responsible for maintaining the vitality of a "loyal opposition" political party E the "supremacy clause" of the Constitution applied only to foreign affairs
B
After the French and Indian War, British political leaders were determined to A require the North American colonies to pay a greater share of the empire's administrative expenses B end slavery in the North American colonies C encourage colonial expansion into the Ohio Valley by moving all American Indian peoples further west D strengthen the French colonial holdings in Canada and the northwest to discourage Spanish expansion E convert all Catholic colonists to the beliefs of the Anglican Church
A
Bacon's Rebellion occurred because of disagreements between frontier settlers and the Virginia governor over which of the following issues? A Relations with American Indians and restrictions on the fur trade B An increase in taxes to subsidize the slave trade and support internal improvements C The assignment of Anglican ministers to new settlements D Currency disputes resulting from English demands that settlers end the use of barter E The drafting of settlers into the English army
A
Before 1492, many American Indian cultures were strongly influenced by the A spread of corn cultivation B ravages of smallpox epidemics C regular contacts with Africa D invention of the spoked wheel E domestication of horses
A
Colonial cities functioned primarily as A mercantile centers for collecting agricultural goods and distributing imported manufactured goods B places were most poor immigrants settled and worked as independent artisans C centers where large scale financial and banking operations were conducted D places to which wage earners commuted from numerous surrounding communities E centers of light manufacturing
A
In their colonization of the Americas, the Spanish used the encomienda system to A organize and regulate Native American labor B improve trade relations with Native Americans C draft Native Americans into the Spanish military D limit intermarriage between Spaniards and Native Americans
A
Smith's description of the Pamunkey people's interactions with the Virginia colonists best serves as evidence of which of the following characteristics of American Indians along the Eastern Seaboard in the 1600s? A Complex societies with permanent settlements B A dependence on English trade goods C Decreased populations due to epidemic disease D Elaborate caste systems
A
The Louisiana Purchase proved politically troubling for Thomas Jefferson because of his A previous support for a strict interpretation of the Constitution B veto of funding for Meriwether Lewis and William Clark's expedition C admiration of France's military power D devotion to new methods of cartography E disdain for involvement in a foreign country's affairs
A
The excerpts from Anne Hutchinson best represent which of the following developments in the Massachusetts Bay Colony in the 1630s? A Growing challenges by dissenters to civil authorities B Efforts to raise the level of education for young girls and women C Growing disagreement over the expansion of legal rights in the colonial charter D Efforts by colonial women to establish independent communities separate from men
A
The goals presented in the excerpt from the act have the most in common with which of the following? A Increases in the federal tariff in the 1820s B Progressive Era antitrust reforms in the 1900s C Free-trade policies in the 1990s D Federal tax reductions in the 2000s
A
The government under the Articles of Confederation consisted of A only a unicameral legislature B only executive and judicial branches C only legislative and judicial branches D legislative, judicial, and executive branches E only a bicameral legislature
A
One direct long-term effect of the Navigation Act was that it A promoted commercial treaties with Spain and France throughout the 1700s B contributed to the rise of opposition that ultimately fostered the independence movement C encouraged colonists in North America to expand trade agreements with American Indians D led to the imposition of heavy taxes on the North American colonists in the early 1700s
B
"The great rule of conduct for us, in regard to foreign nations is . . . to have with them as little political connection as possible. . . . It is our true policy to steer clear of permanent alliances with any portion of the foreign world." The quotation above is part of which of the following documents? A Pinckney's Treaty of San Lorenzo B President Washington's Farewell Address C Rush-Bagot Treaty D United States-British boundary settlement in 1818 E Monroe Doctrine
B
One piece of evidence Las Casas used to support his claim about Native American societies in the third paragraph is that they A did not practice Christianity B had developed large urban areas C sought friendly trading relations with the Spanish D were ignorant of Europe before they encountered the Spanish
B
A major consequence of the French and Indian War of 1754-1763 was the A legal settlement of the trans-Appalachian frontier by British colonists B imposition of new taxes on the British North American colonies C shrinking of Spanish territorial claims in North America D removal of British troops from the thirteen colonies E change in status of the proprietary colonies to royal colonies
B
All of the following groups of non-English colonists migrated into the British North American colonies in large numbers throughout the eighteenth century EXCEPT A Germans B Russians C Scots D Irish E Dutch
B
Although Congress accepted most of Alexander Hamilton's economic proposals, it rejected his A Report on the Public Credit B call for direct subsidies to manufacturers C plans for a Bank of the United States D call for a whiskey tax E call for a tariff
B
Andrew Jackson supported all of the following EXCEPT A Indian removal B the right of nullification C the removal of federal deposits from the Bank of the United States D annexation of new territory E use of the presidential veto power
B
By passing the Navigation Acts in the 1600s and 1700s, the British government intended to A reduce shipping costs between Britain and its North American colonies B guarantee that the British government would have a financial share of all colonial exports C create a source of income for British royal governors to use for improving colonial roads and canals D stimulate direct trade between British North American colonies and Spain and France E end colonial complaints about unjust taxation and regulation
B
During the constitutional ratification process, Anti-Federalists' concerns, as described in the excerpt, were most directly addressed by an agreement to A grant citizenship rights to women and American Indians B adopt the Bill of Rights C expand the role of the states in foreign affairs D allow the states to print money
B
In the seventeenth century, the earliest British colonies in Virginia were saved from economic ruin by A the introduction of price controls on agricultural commodities B the introduction of tobacco cultivation C formal trade treaties with American Indians D the extension of the western frontiers E increased reliance on indentured servitude
B
Jamestown, the first permanent English settlement in the New World, was founded by A three aristocratic proprietors seeking private gain B a joint stock company anxious to return a profit to investors C Sir Walter Raleigh, wishing to gain favor with Elizabeth I D King James I, eager to gain a base for expeditions against Spanish shipping
B
Jefferson's purchase of Louisiana had its origins in his desire to A remove the French from forts along the Mississippi valley B acquire a port to provide an outlet for western crops C acquire territory for the expansion of slavery D oppose New England Federalism E demonstrate friendship for the French in the Napoleonic Wars
B
The Quakers were unique among the religious groups that settled in North America during the seventeenth century because they A defended the rights of White people to hold American Indians in slavery B founded a colony in which all inhabitants were obliged by law to subscribe to Quaker beliefs C allowed women to speak publicly in their religious meetings and to be missionaries D emphasized religious conversion through revival meetings E emphasized the distance between the human and the divine
C
The Sons of Liberty initiated the Boston Tea Party in direct response to A the removal of British troops from Massachusetts during the French and Indian War B Parliament's passage of the Intolerable Acts C British efforts to protect the East India Company from bankruptcy D British attacks on colonial troops at Lexington and Concord E Lord Hillsborough's decision to dissolve the Massachusetts Assembly
C
The area marked X on the map was part of A Massachusetts' Western Reserve B the Northwest Territory C the Louisiana Purchase D the Mexican Cession E the Oregon Country
C
Alexander Hamilton's economic program was designed primarily to A prepare the United States for war in the event Britain failed to vacate its posts in the Northwest B provide a platform for the fledgling Federalist Party's 1792 campaign C establish the financial stability and credit of the new government D ensure northern dominance over the southern states in order to abolish slavery E win broad political support for his own candidacy for the presidency in 1792
C
As originally ratified, the United States Constitution provided for A a presidential Cabinet B a two-term presidential limit C an electoral college D political parties E the direct election of United States senators
C
Compared with French and Spanish interactions with American Indians, English interaction with American Indians more often promoted A respect for political alliances B cultural blending C separation between the groups D assimilation of Americans Indians into colonial societies
C
In the period 1650-1750, all of the following contributed to British North American colonists' sense of identity as British subjects EXCEPT the A growth of commerce across the Atlantic Ocean B increased circulation of London newspaper articles reprinted in the colonies C expansion of the colonies into western frontier regions D availability of British manufactured goods in the colonies E warfare against the French and their American Indian allies
C
New England Puritans sought primarily to create which of the following in Massachusetts? A A missionary community focused on converting American Indians to Christianity B Town meetings at which all adult males could vote C A model community promoting government by strict religious principles D A society founded on the principles of religious toleration E A community whose members achieved salvation through good works
C
Participation in the "civil body politic" referenced in the excerpt would have been most available to which of the following? A Members of the English nobility B Sailors and soldiers C Male church members D Indentured servants
C
Smith's account of the hardships experienced in the Virginia colony most directly encouraged which of the following changes in subsequent settlements? A Intensified efforts to find gold and other precious metals B Creation of the encomienda labor system C Increased attention to farming and agriculture D Expanded collaboration with the Spanish
C
Someone who favored George Washington's approach to foreign policy would be most likely to object to which of the following United States policies? A Declaration of neutrality at the beginning of the First World War B Selling surplus wheat to the Soviet Union in the 1970s C Membership in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization D Participation in international scientific conferences E Trade with the European Common Market nations
C
The Dutch settled New Netherland primarily to A secure a refuge for the persecuted B check the growth of English colonies in North America C expand their commercial and mercantile network D gain colonies to produce agricultural surpluses E secure naval supplies
C
The Embargo Act of 1807 had which of the following effects on the United States? A It severely damaged American manufacturing. B It enriched many cotton plantation owners. C It disrupted American shipping. D It was ruinous to subsistence farmers. E It had little economic impact.
C
The French most differed from the Spanish in relations with American Indians in that the French A did not intermarry with American Indians B more frequently enslaved American Indians C developed stronger alliances with American Indians D converted more American Indians to Catholicism
C
Alexander Hamilton's financial program was most favorable to A western farmers B war veterans C southern planters D eastern merchants E state bankers
D
Alexander Hamilton's domestic and foreign policies were directed primarily toward strengthening the federal government by A favoring free trade B substituting a parliamentary for federal system of government C averting United States entanglement in Europe's wars D favoring the interests of the propertied and monied classes E establishing gold as the sole backing of United States currency
D
