APUSH - Period 4 Progress Check

Large numbers of international migrants moving to northern cities

The growth of manufacturing in the United States from 1800 to 1850 was most directly connected to which of the following broader historical processes?

requesting federal funding for transportation construction projects. (As indicated by the request for aid from the government in the third paragraph, Congress at that time would have interpreted that petition as a request funding for internal improvements.)

At the time the petition was produced, Congress most likely interpreted the petition's purpose as-

giving rise to individualistic beliefs (As more White male Americans saw their political participation expand, they began to believe that individuals should have a greater role in democracy and political decision making, which in turn influenced the emphasis in the Second Great Awakening on personal salvation.)

The expansion of participatory democracy in the Jacksonian era most likely influenced the Second Great Awakening by

emergence of political rallies and events to encourage people to vote for particular parties (As political participation came to be more often based on being an adult White male rather than property ownership, parties sought to promote voting by holding large-scale rallies and events and offering incentives including money and alcohol to support their sides.)

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men by the 1820s and 1830s most directly contributed to the

The growth of new political parties (As the status of being an adult White male, rather than property ownership, became the basis for voting rights in the early nineteenth century, civic participation increased and political parties more actively sought to speak for newly enfranchised voters.)

The expansion of suffrage to most adult White men in the early nineteenth century most directly resulted in which of the following?

The Democratic-Republican Party had won the presidency for the first time. (In 1800, Jefferson became the first Democratic-Republican to be elected president (after twelve years of Federalist administrations) and brought the first transition of executive authority from one party to another in United States history.)

Which of the following best describes the political situation in which Jefferson gave his inaugural address in the excerpt?

The rise of individualistic and evangelical spiritual beliefs inspired religious conversion. (In the early decades of United States independence, ideas of human equality with the divine promoted new egalitarian religious views. Many itinerant ministers engaged in evangelical preaching to attract new religious believers of any background or class.)

Which of the following best explains a major reason for the emergence of the Second Great Awakening in the United States?

Red Jacket sought to protect Iroquois independence from the United States. (Red Jacket's expression in the excerpt of his desire to reject Christianization by United States officials would have been interpreted as an attempt to maintain Iroquois independence from the United States. Engaging in missionary efforts was one strategy pursued by the United States in the nineteenth century to reduce the autonomy of American Indian nations.)

Which of the following best explains how the purpose of the speech in the excerpt was interpreted by federal officials?

A common national culture was developing. (The author describes the emergence of interest in literature across the United States as a whole, reflecting the development of a common national culture.)

Which of the following can be concluded about the United States based on the author's descriptions in the excerpt?

European styles continued to influence American society. (The excerpt describes how books from England continued to be published and consumed across the United States.)

Which of the following can be concluded about the relationship between the United States and Europe based on the situation described in the excerpt?

Andrew Jackson can be blamed for the unintended effects of Indian removal. (The claim that Jackson can be blamed for unintended effects of Indian removal supports Wilentz's argument in the excerpt that Jackson bears responsibility for the suffering inflicted on American Indian peoples because of the policies he implemented.)

Which of the following claims is supported by the author's main argument in the excerpt?

Enslaved African Americans routinely caused tools to break or worked more slowly as means of resistance.

Which of the following could best be used as evidence to support the argument in the third paragraph of the excerpt that enslaved people engaged in oppositional activities?

Many Americans desired the United States to expand its western land claims. (The context of the American desire to extend United States western land claims in the early nineteenth century most influenced the implementation of the Indian removal policies described in the excerpt.)

Which of the following describes a context that most influenced the implementation of the government policy discussed in the excerpt?

They desired to teach people personal autonomy. (In the second paragraph, Howe provides evidence that prison reformers sought to cultivate personal autonomy in order to argue that religious reformers were motivated by a desire to redeem people by teaching self-discipline.)

Which of the following describes a piece of evidence used by Howe to support his overall argument about the motivations of religious reformers?

Slaveholders held parties to encourage the loyalty of the enslaved. (The author cites plantation parties held for enslaved people on special occasions as broader evidence of slaveholder's interest in using slaves' sense of pleasure as a further means of controlling them.)

Which of the following does the author use as evidence to support her argument that slaveholders were "keen to master their slaves' senses of pleasure"?

Members of the Evangelical United Front employed more people than the Post Office did.

Which of the following is a piece of evidence used by Howe to support his claim in the third paragraph of the excerpt about religious organizations in the early nineteenth century?

A belief by southern businessmen that the southern economy should focus on the export of select agricultural products (The overproduction of cotton that is described in the excerpt resulted directly from southern business leaders promoting its production and export to a global market.)

Which of the following most directly contributed to the development described in the excerpt?

Reduction of property ownership requirements for voting (In the 1820s and 1830s, many states weakened or ended requirements to own property to be eligible to vote, leading to an expansion of participatory democracy, particularly during the presidency of Andrew Jackson.)

Which of the following most directly led to the expansion of participatory democracy in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Large-scale rebellions by enslaved African Americans in the first half of the 1800s were largely unsuccessful. (Although the excerpt argues that many slaves engaged in oppositional activities, most of this opposition was hidden. Open opposition such as that expressed in slave rebellions was largely unsuccessful.)

Which of the following pieces of evidence could best be used to MODIFY THE ARGUMENT in the excerpt that many enslaved people engaged in oppositional activities?

President George Washington enforced treaties guaranteeing American Indians in New York rights to their land. (Evidence that George Washington enforced treaties to guarantee American Indians rights to their land in New York would refute Jackson's claim that earlier presidents had mistreated American Indians.)

Which of the following pieces of evidence would best refute Jackson's claim about his predecessors' policies toward American Indians, as described in the first paragraph of the excerpt?

Jackson had led United States armies that conquered American Indian peoples in the Southeast and forced land cessions. (Evidence that Jackson had commanded United States armies in the conquest of American Indian peoples would modify the argument in the excerpt that Jackson believed that his intentions toward American Indians were paternalistic and humane.)

Which of the following pieces of evidence would help modify an argument in the excerpt about President Jackson's intentions toward American Indians?

Some southerners relocated their plantations to the west of the Appalachian Mountains. (Overproduction of cotton depleted the soil in eastern states of the South, leading to many southerners moving west and allowing the institution of slavery to grow.)

Which of the following resulted from the mass production of cotton described in the excerpt?

To summarize his beliefs about the ideal political system (Along with stating his support for limited government, Jefferson also touched on the ideals of republicanism)

Which of the following was most likely a main purpose of Jefferson's inaugural address?

intended to use prisons to rehabilitate criminals (In the second paragraph of the excerpt, Howe provides evidence that prison reformers believed prisons should serve a "corrective" function to support his argument that their goal was to encourage personal redemption.)

A piece of evidence used by Howe in the second paragraph of the excerpt to support his argument about the goals of prison reform was that prison reformers

A new emphasis on the separation between the public and private spheres

Changes in ideas about men's and women's gender roles in the family, resulting from the market revolution, most directly contributed to which of the following shifts in American social practices during the same period?

An increase in the number of Americans moving west of the Appalachian Mountains (Innovations in shipping and transportation technology, including steamboats and canals, and the concurrent growth of national commercial networks allowed Americans to migrate and settle farther westward beyond the Appalachian Mountains.)

Innovations in shipping and the growth of commercial networks were most directly related to which of the following other developments of the first half of the nineteenth century?

A distinct Southern economic and cultural identity emerged. (As the Southern economy became based around the production and export of a few agricultural staples like cotton, a distinctive southern culture and identity emerged in stark contrast to that of the North.)

In the first half of the 1800s, which of the following resulted from the debates about the cotton economy described in the excerpt?

Challenges to Enlightenment views of rationalism (The religious revivalism of the Second Great Awakening challenged existing Enlightenment views of rationalism, which sought to teach reason (rather than spiritual growth) as the single greatest purpose of having knowledge.)

The Second Great Awakening was most directly related to which of the following other historical developments of the early nineteenth century?

Promoting economic development through foreign trade

The claims in the excerpt were most likely interpreted as opposing which of the following existing federal government policies at the time?

The ideas that led some Americans to advocate for improved transportation. (The discussion by the leaders of a canal company of the reasons to support canal construction could best be used by historians studying the ideas that led some Americans to advocate for improved transportation.)

The petition could best be used as evidence by historians studying which of the following?

Government should limit interference in the lives of its citizens (Jefferson's views of government saw limited involvement with the lives of United States citizens)

Which of the following best describes Jefferson's point of view about government as expressed in the excerpt?

Southern planters used enslaved people to produce cotton for international markets.

Which of the following best describes a context in the first half of the 1800s that influenced the development of slavery as described in the excerpt?

The creation of a unique American culture (The excerpt highlights the increasing skill of United States authors and the desire to popularize United States literature, which provides evidence of the beginning of an American national culture.)

The excerpt best serves as evidence of which of the following developments?

resistance against the expansion of United States influence (Red Jacket's expression in the excerpt of his desire to maintain traditional Iroquois religious practices best helps historians interpret the ways in which American Indians resisted attempts by the United States to expand its influence over themselves and their homelands.)

The excerpt could best be used by historians studying the

Some Americans promoted international strength through a unified national economy. (Based on the discussion of the perceived "hostility" of other nations in the third paragraph, a historian would likely interpret the situation in which the excerpt was produced as one in which some Americans promoted measures to unify the national economy in order to project strength internationally.)

Which of the following best describes a historian's likely interpretation of the situation in which the excerpt was produced in the early 1800s?

Political leaders sought to encourage domestic economic development. (Jefferson's discussion in his inaugural address of the advantages of the United States in the early 1800s occurred in the context of the desire of many political leaders to encourage expanded agriculture and increased trade.)

Which of the following best describes the context from which the ideas expressed in the excerpt (Jefferson's inaugural address emerged?)