APUSH Unit 5 - Antebellum Period
What lesson did white southerners learn from the Nat Turner rebellion? A) That slave insurrections were an ever-present threat B) That gradual emancipation was inevitable C) That slaves should not be allowed to work in cities D) That slaves should not be allowed to read the Bible E) That slaves should be freed
A) That slave insurrections were an ever-present threat
Which is associated with events in the presidential elections of 1848, 1852, and 1856? A) The Whig Party virtually disappeared by 1856 B) Third parties advocating the end of slavery won electoral votes C) The Republican Party, advocating the extinction of slavery, grew stronger and stronger (my answer) D) The Democratic Party was swept into the White House in 3 victories over the Whig Party E) Lincoln's election in 1856 caused the south to secede
A) The Whig Party virtually disappeared by 1856
Which of the following was NOT a major consequence of the US war with Mexico? A) US annexation of TX B) Long-term Mexican resentment against the US C) Securing Texas' southern border on the Rio Grande D) Increased sectional tensions over slavery E) Cession of CA and NM to the US
A) US annexation of TX
Which of the following was the most direct catalyst for the secession of South Carolina? A) Dred Scott decision B) The election of 1860 C) The Wilmot Proviso D) John Brown's raid on Harper's Ferry E) The attack on Charles Sumner
B) The election of 1860
The Missouri Compromise did which of the following? A) Prohibited slavery in all the territory of the Louisiana Purchase B) Provided for admission to the Union of all future states in pairs of one free, one slave C) Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state D) Finally settled the question of congressional power over slavery in the territories E) Provided for the annexation of TX
C) Allowed Maine to enter the Union as a free state
The main reason for the US delay in annexing TX was the: A) Controversy over the boundary of TX and Mexico B) Opposition of Great Britain and France C) Opposition in Congress to adding slave states D) Independent spirit of the settlers in TX E) Opposition of Mexican gov't
C) Opposition in Congress to adding slave states
Frederick Jackson Turner's theory emphasized the significance of the frontier for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: A) An open frontier led to the development of the unique American character B) Free land promoted freedom of opportunity on the frontier C) The frontier helped establish democratic institutions D) The western frontier had land that could be distributed to former slaves E) The frontier was a safety valve for the excess population of eastern cities
D) The western frontier had land that could be distributed to former slaves
In the campaign of 1860, the Democratic Party: A) Tried to unite around the compromise 'popular sovereignty' views of Stephen A. Douglas B) Campaigned on a platform of restoring the compromises of 1820 and 1850 C) Split in two, with each faction nominating its own presidential candidate D) Threatened to support secession if the sectionally based Republicans won the election
D) Threatened to support secession if the sectionally based Republicans won the election
During the 1800s the most common form of resistance to slavery by slaves themselves was: A) Rebelling openly, using weapons, and planning confrontations B) Organizing petitions and demonstration against slavery C) Escaping to Canada via the Underground Railroad D) Working slowly and breaking tools E) Cooperating with the abolitionist movement to advocate laws to end slavery
D) Working slowly and breaking tools
Which of the following would most likely have opposed the Kansas-Nebraska Act? A) A Missouri slaveholder B) Stephen Douglas C) A midwestern investor in a Pacific-to-Chicago D) A Southern supporter of popular sovereignty E) A New England abolitionist
E) A New England abolitionist
"Let Southern oppressor's tremble...I shall strenuously contend for immediate enfranchisement...I will be as harsh as truth and as uncompromising as justice." The author of the statement was: A) Calhoun B) Douglas C) Clay D) Lincoln E) Garrison
E) Garrison
Under the terms of Ostend Manifesto, the US would: A) Annex Cuba B) Guarantee the safety of American missionaries in Cuba C) Keep slavery out of its western territories D) Build a Canal in Nicaragua E) Open Japan to American trade
A) Annex Cuba
One important reason that the Gadsden Purchase was negotiated with Mexico in 1853 was that it: A) Facilitated a railroad route from TX to CA B) Added prime agricultural land to the nation C) Gave the nation a port of the Gulf of CA D) Encouraged Congress to add TX to the nation E) Connected the Baha Peninsula to TX
A) Facilitated a railroad route from TX to CA
Abraham Lincoln opposed the Crittenden Compromise because: A) He opposed the expansion of slavery in the territories B) It allowed the doctrine of popular sovereignty to be overridden once statehood was achieved C) Its adoption might provoke KY to leave the Union D) He felt bound by Buchanan's earlier rejection of it E) The Compromise supported slavery and Lincoln opposed slavery
A) He opposed the expansion of slavery in the territories
The Panic of 1857 encouraged the South to believe that: A) Its economy was fundamentally stronger than that of the North B) It ought to take new steps to develop its own banking and manufacturing institutions C) It would be wise to support the Homestead Act D) Its economic future was closely tied to that of the North
A) Its economy was fundamentally stronger than that of the North
Which statistic is an accurate statement about African-Americans in the South during the 1850s? A) Only 1/4 of white families owned slaves B) 10,000 families owned 100 or more slaves a piece C) Only 1/2 of all families owned any slaves D) Families who owned 5 or fewer slaves were a majority of slave owners E) Twice as many free blacks lived in the South compared with the North
A) Only 1/4 of white families owned slaves
"On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation...I am in earnest...I will no equivocate...I will not excuse...I will not excuse...I will not retreat a single inch...AND I WILL BE HEARD." —-William Lloyd Garrison, 1st issue of abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, January 1831 Opponents of Garrison's ideas expressed in the excerpt would most likely have argued that: A) Slavery was a positive social institution and should not be changed B) Garrison was too conservative in his vision of social change C) New discoveries about racial equality had made Garrison's ideas obsolete D) African Americans were already guaranteed basic rights
A) Slavery was a positive social institution and should not be changed
Which of the following was NOT true about slavery as a labor system? A) Slavery was worth more in terms of investment than all the land in the South B) As slavery spread into the deep South, wealth and power became more equally shared among the various classes of white southerners C) It was slavery that made possible the South's "mass production" of agriculture products for exports D) Only a minority of southerners owned slaves E) In the deeper South, more slaves were owned
B) As slavery spread into the deep South, wealth and power became more equally shared among the various classes of white southerners
The Sumner-Brooks affair revealed: A) The antislavery northerners were as willing to turn to violence as proslavery southerners B) How dangerously inflamed passions over slavery were becoming in both the North and the South C) That neither northerners nor southerners were yet ready to tolerate political violence over slavery D) How loyalty to section was beginning to supersede loyalty to political party
B) How dangerously inflamed passions over slavery were becoming in both the North and the South
Which of the following best describes the policy of the gov't of Mexico towards TX? A) It tried to sell TX to the US at the time of the LA Purchase B) It encouraged American settlement in TX in the 1820s and early 1830s C) It governed TX with stringent regulations in the 1820s D) It encouraged the establishment of a strong local gov't in TX in the mid-1830s E) It favored the annexation of the Republic of TX by the US in the 1830s and 1840s
B) It encouraged American settlement in TX in the 1820s and early 1830s
"The condition of the African race throughout all the States where the ancient relation between the two (races) has been retained enjoys a degree of health and comfort which may well compare with that of the laboring population of any country in Christendom; and, it may be added that in no other condition, or in any other age or country, has the negro race ever attained so high an elevation in morals, intelligence, or civilization." --John C. Calhoun, political leader, 1844 Which of the following most directly undermines Calhoun's views expressed in the excerpt? A) Many slaves adopted elements of Christianity B) Many slaves engaged in forms of resistance to slavery C) Abolitionist societies encountered difficulty organizing in Southern states D) A majority of white Southerners were not slaveholders
B) Many slaves engaged in forms of resistance to slavery
Which of the following principles was established by the Dred Scott decisions? A) Congress could abolish slavery at will B) National legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the territories C) The rights of all people are protected by the Constitution D) The slaves residing in a free state automatically became free E) Through squatter sovereignty, a territory had the sole right to determine the status of slavery within its territorial limits
B) National legislation could not limit the spread of slavery in the territories
The new Republican Party: A) Quickly won voter support in the elections of 1854 and 1855 B) Prospered because of Northern outrage over "Bleeding Sumner" and "Bleeding KS" C) Won the presidency the first time it fielded a national ticket D) Advocated popular sovereignty to defuse the issue of slavery in the territories E) Replaced the dying Federalist Party
B) Prospered because of Northern outrage over "Bleeding Sumner" and "Bleeding KS"
Which of the following states the principle of "popular sovereignty"? A) Congress has the right to decide where slavery shall and shall not exist B) The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there C) Individual citizens can decide for themselves whether or not to hold slaves D) The American people shall decide where slavery will exist through a national plebiscite E) Individual sates have the rights to reject congressional decisions pertaining to slavery
B) The settlers in a given territory have the sole right to decide whether or not slavery will be permitted there
"The condition of the African race throughout all the States where the ancient relation between the two (races) has been retained enjoys a degree of health and comfort which may well compare with that of the laboring population of any country in Christendom; and, it may be added that in no other condition, or in any other age or country, has the negro race ever attained so high an elevation in morals, intelligence, or civilization." --John C. Calhoun, political leader, 1844 In the 1840s and 1850s, the views expressed by Calhoun most directly contributed to: A) the US acquisition of new territory in the West B) increased sectional divisions between the North and the South C) the development of sharecropping and tenant farming in the South D) the rise of voluntary organizations to promote religious reform
B) increased sectional divisions between the North and the South
When Lincoln met Stowe he reportedly gave her credit for starting the war. Actually an earlier female could also lay claim to that honor. She caused a split in Jackson's cabinet that forced Calhoun out of office. She was: A) Elizabeth Cady Stanton B) Abigail Adams C) Peggy Eaton D) Rachel Donnelson E) Mercy Otis Warren
C) Peggy Eaton
Hinton R. Helper's The Impending Crisis of the South contended that: A) Slavery violated the essential principles of the US Constitution B) Slavery was contrary to the religious values held by most Americans C) Slavery deeply harmed the poor whites of the South D) Slavery violated the human rights of African-Americans E) Slavery deeply harmed the immigrants' chances of working in the South
C) Slavery deeply harmed the poor whites of the South
"The condition of the African race throughout all the States where the ancient relation between the two (races) has been retained enjoys a degree of health and comfort which may well compare with that of the laboring population of any country in Christendom; and, it may be added that in no other condition, or in any other age or country, has the negro race ever attained so high an elevation in morals, intelligence, or civilization." --John C. Calhoun, political leader, 1844 Which of the following groups would have been most likely to support Calhoun's views expressed in the excerpt? A) Members of nativist political parties B) Members of the Whig Party C) Southern landowners D) Northern industrialists
C) Southern landowners
"On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation...I am in earnest...I will no equivocate...I will not excuse...I will not excuse...I will not retreat a single inch...AND I WILL BE HEARD." —-William Lloyd Garrison, 1st issue of abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, January 1831 The type of views expressed in the excerpt emerged most directly from which of the following trends? A) Growing nativism B) Opposition to industrialization C) The Second Great Awakening D) Support for the idea of Manifest Destiny
C) The Second Great Awakening
The election of 1856 was most noteworthy for: A) The Democrats' surprising loss of the White House B) The support demonstrated for immigrants and Catholics in the American party C) The dramatic rise of the Republican Party D) The absence of the slavery issue from the campaign
C) The dramatic rise of the Republican Party
Which of the following is LEAST useful in arguing that territorial expansion was motivated by a desire to spread slavery? A) William Walker's campaign in Nicaragua B) the Ostend Manifesto C) the slogan "Fifty-four forty or Fight" D) the annexation of Texas E) opposition to the Wilmot Proviso
C) the slogan "Fifty-four forty or Fight"
"On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation...I am in earnest...I will no equivocate...I will not excuse...I will not excuse...I will not retreat a single inch...AND I WILL BE HEARD." —-William Lloyd Garrison, 1st issue of abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, January 1831 The excerpt was likely to have found the most support among which of the following groups? A) Immigrants from Ireland B) Members of Congress C) Justices om the Supreme Courts D) Advocates for women's rights
D) Advocates for women's rights
The abolitionist associated most closely with the Underground Railroad was: A) John Brown B) David Walker C) William Lloyd Garrison D) Harriet Tubman E) Ralph Waldo Emerson
D) Harriet Tubman
"On the subject of slavery...I will be as harsh as truth, and as uncompromising as justice. On this subject, I do not wish to think, or speak, or write, with moderation...I am in earnest...I will no equivocate...I will not excuse...I will not excuse...I will not retreat a single inch...AND I WILL BE HEARD." —-William Lloyd Garrison, 1st issue of abolitionist newspaper The Liberator, January 1831 A person who agreed with Garrison's views expressed in the excerpt would most likely have advocated: A) Paying slaveholders to gradually free enslaved people B) Encouraging free black people to migrate to Africa C) The preservation of the Missouri Compromise D) Immediate emancipation of enslaved people
D) Immediate emancipation of enslaved people
Many Southerners supported the Compromise of 1850 because it: A) Provided that cotton be substituted fro currency as a medium of exchange B) Made the number of free states and slave states equal C) Legalized slavery in all the newly acquired territories D) Provided for the return of fugitive slaves
D) Provided for the return of fugitive slaves
Historians have argued that all of the following were causes of the Civil War EXCEPT: A) the clash of economic interests between agrarian and industrializing regions B) The actions of irresponsible politicians and agitators n the North and the South C) Differences over the morality and future of slavery D) The growing power of poor Southern whites who resisted planter dominance and sought to abolish slavery E) A constitutional crisis pitting states' rights against federal power
D) The growing power of poor Southern whites who resisted planter dominance and sought to abolish slavery
The Wilmot Proviso specifically provided for: A) The prohibition of slavery in Louisiana Purchase Territory B) The primacy of federal law over state legislated Black Codes C) The abolition of the international slave trade D) The prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War E) Federal return of fugitive slaves
D) The prohibition of slavery in lands acquired from Mexico in the Mexican War