APUSH Unit 5
Lowell system
1813: Factory system, Lowell, Massachusetts. Began making cotton cloth in factories.
The "Know-Nothing Party" was created in opposition to
Irish and German immigrants
Which of the following best describes the "Lowell System" of early 19th-century New England?
A plan to promote and expand textile manufacturing
All of the following conditions influenced the development of American agriculture during the first half of the 19th century EXCEPT
A widespread interest in conserving natural resources
How was Texas settled, what was Mexico's attitude toward it, and how did that change as Mexico's attitude toward slavery changed?
Annexed by Congressional resolution in 1845 (27-25 vote in Senate)- Mexico considered it an act of war and broke relations with the U.S.- tension over slavery
By 1860, the majority of the U.S. population had moved west of what physical barrier?
Appalachian Mountains
What two regions did the railroads connect?
Baltimore and Ohio
New Harmony/Robert Owen
Began the perfectionist community of New Harmony to try to transition to cooperative ownership
How was the question of the Oregon boundary eventually resolved between the United States and Britain?
Britain peacefully settled for the proposed line of 49 degrees latitude
Education reform/Horace Mann
Called for statewide school systems, teachers' colleges and a 6-months school year
Saw more than 100,000 conversions, many in the "Burned-Over District" of New York
Charles Finney
Mormonism/Joseph Smith
Founded the Mormon faith based on a vision from the angel Moroni
The "Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions" at the Seneca Falls convention demanded
Greater Rights for Women
Besides the cotton gin, what was Eli Whitney's major contribution to American technology?
He developed mass production- introduction of interchangeable parts
Penned "Civil Disobedience" and revered nature
Henry David Thoreau
All of the following states contained lands gained by the United States in the Mexican War EXCEPT
Idaho
In addition to the cotton gin, Eli Whitney's major contribution to American technology was his
Introduction of interchangeable parts
Which country supplied the largest number of immigrants to the United States during the first half of the 19th century?
Ireland
What nation supplied the largest number of immigrants to the U.S. in the first half of the 1800s? What region in the country did they settle? What was distinctive about them?
Ireland- settled in northern cities, few were farmers- They identified with Jackson and were democrats
Which of the following best describes the policy of the government of Mexico toward Texas?
It encouraged American settlement in Texas in the 1820s and early 1830s
Which of the following would most likely have expressed opposition to the idea of Manifest Destiny?
Members of the Whig Party in Congress during the Mexican War
Which of the following movements originated in the United States?
Mormonism
Began the Shaker movement, which believed in celibacy and communal property
Mother Ann Lee
What lands were gained in the Mexican War?
New Mexico, Oklahoma, Colorado, Kansas, Wyoming
How was the Oregon boundary settled?
Oregon boundary dispute: 49th parallel extended to Pacific Ocean (54-40 or Fight).
Which of the following stressed the importance of individual inspiration, self-reliance, dissent and nonconformity
Ralph Waldo Emerson
What did the Webster-Ashburton Treaty of 1842 do?
Settled a boundary dispute between Maine and Quebec
What distinguished William Henry Harrison's presidency?
Shortest presidency in American history
The Whigs of the 1830s and 1840s different from the Jacksonian Democrats in that the Whigs
Supported Henry Clay's American System
Perfectionism/perfectionist communities
Tended not to last long and had little effect on outside world- Shakers, Oneida, New Harmony, Brook Farm
All of the following were part of the settlement in the Mexican War EXCEPT
The U.S. seized Mexico City and forced Mexico to pay war debts
Manifest Destiny
The concept that God intended the U.S. to stretch to the Pacific. Used as a moral justification for territorial expansion. Coined in 1845 by NY newspaper editor.
How did the Whigs differ from the Jacksonian Democrats?
The whigs Supported Henry Clay's American System
What distinguished the presidencies of Harrison, Tyler and Polk?
They all served one term or less as president- very short presidencies
All of the following are true about Irish immigrants EXCEPT
They primarily settled in the rural areas of the Midwest
Steamboats allowed for transportation both directions on the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers, increasing trade.
True
The Mormons had to flee first to Illinois and later to Utah because of persecution due to their ideas and practices.
True
Seneca Falls convention/"Declaration of Sentiments"
Women's rights movement- took up the cause of temperance (liquor to be outlawed)
Transcendentalism/Ralph Waldo Emerson
Wrote of self-reliance and the sacredness of nature
Who would most likely have said "... children should be children as long as they can."
a mid 19th century educational reformer
In the pre-Civil War era, the railroad's most important impact on the economy was the
accessibility to Eastern urban markets provided to Midwestern farmers
Know-Nothing Party
an anti-Catholic, anti-immigrant campaign
The establishment of New Harmony, Brook Farm and the Oneida Community in the antebellum United States reflected
he blossoming of perfectionist aspirations
All of the following were features of John Tyler's presidency EXCEPT
he was reelected in 1844 by a wide margin
The opening of the Erie Canal in 1825 was important because it
strengthened the ties between eastern manufacturing and western agricultural regions
Manifest Destiny is best described as
the notion that America was ordained by God to spread to the Pacific Ocean
In the early 1830s, the majority of workers in the textile mills of Massachusetts were
young unmarried women from rural New England