APWH Chapter 16

(Year) Portuguese exploration of west African coast

1434

(Year) Vasco da Gama reaches India

1498

(Year) first Spanish colony on American mainland

1509

(Year) French settlement in Canada

1608

(Year) Dutch establish colony in southern Africa

1652

(Year) French-British wars in India

1744

What was the core region of the global trade network during the early modern period? A) Northwestern Europe B) The Iberian Peninsula C) Eastern Europe D) The Mediterranean E) The Middle East

A) Northwestern Europe

Which of the following statements concerning the Japanese participation in the global trade network is most accurate? A) The Japanese did display some openness to Christian missions and they were also fascinated by Western advances in gunnery and shipping. B) Japan, like China, showed no interest in any aspect of Western trade. C) The Japanese warmly accepted Western commercial interests and became part of the dependent zones of the global trade network. D) After 1600, all Europeans were banned from Japan, but Japanese traders continued to travel and trade abroad. E) After initial resistance, Japan opened up and embraced trade and contact with the West.

A) The Japanese did display some openness to Christian missions and they were also fascinated by Western advances in gunnery and shipping.

Italian sailor who corrected Columbus's mistake, acknowledging the coasts of America as a new world; America was later named after him

Amerigo Vespucci

The ______ colonies of Britain in North America differed from other settlements in that they operated their own assemblies and developed internal trade.

Atlantic

What was the primary export product of eastern Europe to the West? A) Domestic animals B) Grain C) Woolen cloth D) Iron E) Workers

B) Grain

What impact did the Seven Years War have on French colonial possessions? A) The French were able to seize British possessions in North America. B) The French lost their colonies in India to the British. C) The French seized Dutch possessions in Africa. D) The French exchanged their sugar islands in the Caribbean for Spanish colonies in Latin America. E) The French retreated from their role as colonial powers and tended to domestic issues.

B) The French lost their colonies in India to the British.

Who did the Spanish defeat at the battle of Lepanto? A) The British B) The Ottoman Empire C) The Dutch D) The Portuguese E) The Aztecs

B) The Ottoman Empire

Why was the Portuguese colony of Angola exceptional? A) In Angola the Catholic church successfully banned the slave trade. B) The Portuguese pressed inland in Angola instead of simply establishing coastal fortresses. C) Angola was the only European colony established south of the Congo River. D) Angola was actually governed by indigenous tribesmen with only loose supervision from the mother country. E) Angola quickly threw off control by the Portuguese.

B) The Portuguese pressed inland in Angola instead of simply establishing coastal fortresses.

Turkish sea power was destroyed in 1571; by a league of Christian nations organized by the Pope

Battle of Lepanto

Dutch settlers in Cape Colony, in southern Africa

Boers

Only after 1770 did the expanding settlements of the Dutch _____ directly conflict with the Bantu farmers, opening a long battle for control of southern Africa.

Boers

joint stock company that obtained government monopoly over trade in India; acted as virtually independent government in regions it claimed

British East India Company

Which of the following areas did NOT have a predominantly coercive labor system? A) Latin America B) The southern Atlantic colonies of North America C) Northwestern Europe D) Eastern Europe E) Caribbean colonies

C) Northwestern Europe

Vasco da Gama: A) invented the astrolabe. B) discovered Brazil. C) rounded the Cape of Good Hope and eventually sailed to India. D) directed a series of expeditions along the African coast and also outward to the Azores. E) explored with the purpose of spreading Protestantism to new lands.

C) rounded the Cape of Good Hope and eventually sailed to India.

Headquarters of British East India Company in Bengal in Indian subcontinent; located on Ganges; captured in 1756 during early part of Seven Years War; later became administrative center for all of Bengal

Calcutta

Dutch colony established at Cape of Good Hope in 1652 initially to provide a coastal situation for the Dutch seaborne empire; by 1770 settlements had expanded sufficiently to come into conflict with Bantus

Cape Colony

The Dutch established a settlement called ________ in 1652 at the Cape of Good Hope to provide a coastal station for the Dutch seaborne empire.

Cape Colony

In the 15th century, Portuguese sailors ventured around the ________, planning to find India and reach the eastern African coast.

Cape of Good Hope

Italian navigator who discovered the New World, in the service of Spain, while looking for a route to China (1451-1506)

Christopher Columbus

biological and ecological exchange that took place following Spanish establishment of colonies in New World; peoples of Europe and Africa came to New World; animals, plants, and diseases of two hemispheres were transferred

Columbian Exchange

The Portuguese Prince Henry the Navigator: A) invented the astrolabe. B) discovered Brazil. C) rounded the Cape of Good Hope and eventually sailed to India. D) directed a series of expeditions along the African coast and also outward to the Azores. E) explored with the purpose of spreading Protestantism to new lands.

D) directed a series of expeditions along the African coast and also outward to the Azores.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the impact of European conquest on the population of Native Americans? A) The arrival of the Europeans increased the total population of the Americas significantly without diminishing the expansion of the Native American population. B) After initial decreases associated with losses in battle, the population of Native Americans recovered to pre-conquest levels. C) The arrival of the Europeans caused a slight drop in population growth among Native Americans. D) Native American populations increased due to the introduction of European technology. E) Native American population was devastated by the introduction of previously unknown European diseases.

E) Native American population was devastated by the introduction of previously unknown European diseases.

The Dutch and British _______ were semi private companies, formed by pooling merchant capital and amassing great fortunes in commerce in Asia.

East India Companies

(T/F) A Spanish-directed fleet inflicted a decisive defeat on the navy of the kingdom of Portugal at the battle of Lepanto in 1571.

False

(T/F) The British gained the island of Cyprus off the mainland of Asia Minor from the Dutch.

False

(T/F) The Dutch colony at the Cape of Good Hope immediately came into conflict with the Bantu farmers who had settled in the region previously.

False

(T/F) The doctrine that urged that a nation-state export as widely as possible in its own ships and not import goods from outside is called capitalism.

False

(T/F) The first Spanish settlement on the American mainland was established in 1509 under the able adventurer, Dias.

False

A Spanish expedition under ______ set sail westward in 1519 and eventually sailed around the world.

Ferdinand Magellan

Portuguese navigator who led the Spanish expedition of 1519-1522 that was the first to sail around the world

Ferdinand Magellan

Spanish explorer; conquered the Incas in, what is now, Peru and founded the city of Lima (1475-1541)

Francisco Pizarro

Portuguese factory or fortified trade town located on western India coast; site for forcible entry into Asian sea trade network

Goa

Portuguese prince responsible for direction of series of expeditions along the African coast in the 15th century; marked beginning of western European expansion

Henry the Navigator

(1638-1715) French monarch of the late 17th century who personified absolute monarchy

Louis XIV

One of two ports in which Europeans were permitted to trade in China during Ming dynasty

Macao

Economic theory that stressed government's' promotion of limitation of imports from other nations and internal economies in order to improve tax revenues; popular during 17th and 18th centuries in Europe

Mercantilist

The rulers of India's new ______ Empire in the 16th century were interested in some contact with Western traders.

Mughal

Even in Japan, where a firm isolationist policy was launched after 1600, Dutch traders secured special access to the port of _______

Nagasaki

trading port, after Jesuit disputes, only the Dutch were allowed to reside here, and only for 2-3 months at a time

Nagasaki

British and French rivalry over control of India culminated in outright warfare in 1744 during the _______

Seven Years' War

Under the terms of the ______, which in 1763 settled the Seven Years War, France lost its colonies in North America, but regained its West Indian sugar islands.

Treaty of Paris

(T/F) A Portuguese prince, Henry the Navigator, directed a series of expeditions along the African coast and outward to islands such as the Azores.

True

(T/F) North American colonists developed a merchant class and some stake in manufacturing in a pattern rather similar to that taking shape in western Europe.

True

(T/F) The British passed tariffs on imports of Indian cotton in favor of using India as a market for British-processed goods and a source of relatively cheap cash crops such as tea.

True

(T/F) The biological interaction that took place with often disastrous consequences following the discovery of the Americas by Europeans is called the "Columbian Exchange."

True

(T/F) Vasco da Gama reached India in 1498 with the aid of a Hindu pilot picked up in east Africa.

True

Spanish explorer; became the first European to see the Pacific Ocean in 1510 while exploring Panama

Vasco de Balboa