ART 1301 Homework Ch. 11

Earthwork

A work of art that is made for a specific place using natural materials found there is called an __________________.

Which of the following best describes what the Minimalist artists were trying to accomplish?

Art should be about a pure and honest aesthetic.

According to Kiki Smith, why did she choose the human form as subject for her work?

It is only form everyone has their own authentic experience with.

Why is so much ancient art that still exists in the 21st century made of terra cotta?

It was surprisingly durable.

What is installation art?

Modifying space in some way and allowing the viewer to experience that space

Substractive

Taking a block of marble and carving a human figure out of it is considered to be what kind of sculptural process?

Low

The French term bas-relief means _______ relief, which is when he figures protrude only a small degree from the background.

slip

The liquid form of ceramic used in casing is called ________.

Bronze

What metal is most frequently used in the casting process?

Impermanent sculptures

Snowmen, Sandcastles, and Christo and Jeanne-Claude's Gates are all examples of _________________.

Which characteristics best describe synthetic resin as a sculptural material?

-A wide range of colored pigments in can be added to incorporate color. -The appearance of more traditional sculptural material can be easily mimicked.

Relief

A Sculpture in which forms project from—but remain attached to—a background surface is called a __________.

Beginning in the 1960's artist began to create works of impermanent sculptures to explore what ideas?

-Avoiding sales and ownerships of an object -Bringing people together in a new way -Bringing art closer to people's everyday lives

What are the advantages of using bronze to cast sculptures?

-Can create smooth rounded shapes -Is extremely durable even for thin pieces -Flows freely when poured, allowing for small detailed works

Which are methods used in carving?

-Cutting -chipping -gouging

Which descriptions apply to carving?

-It is more aggressive than modeling. -It is more direct than casting. -It is a subtractive process.

For what reasons is the human form used in sculpture?

-To give a being presence -To convey power of rulers

Which of the following are examples of direct sculptural methods?

-Wood carving -Clay modeling

Arrange the events of the lost-wax process in the order in which they occur.

1. Put wax over the clay model 2. Add wax rods and metal pins 3. Add a clay casing 4. Heat the wax so it runs out 5. Pour in the bronze 6. Break the mold

Louis Bourgeois' Maman is an example what kind of sculpture?

Sculpture in the round

Contrapposto

During the Renaissance, artists such as Michelangelo with his sculpture The Dying Slave attempted to reintroduce the _________________________ stance to Western art.

Indirect sculpture methods

During the process of creating a sculpture the artist does not touch the final piece.

Primitivism

Early-20th-century European interest in art from other cultures thought to be less sophisticated and less complex, which brought about works such as Paula Modersohn-Becker's Kneeling Mother with a Child at Her Breast, was called

Constructing

Some people in the art field distinguish between assembling, which brings sculpture parts on a near each other, and ___________, which joins the pieces through a process such as welding or nailing.

low; high

The Italian Renaissance artist Lorenzo Ghiberti's bronze panel The Story of Jacob and Esau was made using low-wax technique and combines both _______ and __________ relief carvings, depending on the depth of the images.

Proportions.

The idealized figures of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture were composed according to a delicate balance of harmonious

Direct sculpture methods

The sculptor uses his/her hands to shape the final piece.

Why is Roxy Paine's steel sculpture Conjoined particularly inventive?

The shining metal seems at odds with the animated organic form.

Assembling

The use of found objects as a sculptural material is an example of what type of sculptural technique?

Which statement best describes IIya and Emilia Kabakov's total installation The Happiest Man?

Viewers were completely immersed within the composition.

in the round

What is the term for a freestanding sculpture that can be viewed from any angle and is finished on all sides?

Limewood

_____________________ is a soft, uniformly-grained, material that can be carves easily and was frequently used a sculptural material in southern Germany during the Renaissance.