Art 2.2

watercolor

transparent paint made from pigment and a sticky binder (usually gum arabic) dissolved in water -

Buon Fresco (wet fresco)

true or wet fresco; pigments are mixed with water and become chemically bound to the freshly laid lime plaster

A Young Hare, Durer

watercolor and gouache -even though watercolor is transparent, there is no transparent white color -whites in watercolor are unpainted paper or painted in an opaque gouache

Bright cadmium reds and yellows are by products of __________ extraction.

zinc

Oil

-relatively new -Van Eyck is credited for the invention, but he just made it well known -is flexible and adheres to cloth support -used for its transparency -glaze has a rich luminosity

"Two Lovers" by Riza Abbasi

-rich, gold leaf combined with high detail of tempera -Riza worked for Shah Abbas the Great -used transparency of medium to make plant delicate and wipsy -lovers stand out from soft background

ink painting

A monochromatic style of painting developed in China, using black ink with gray washes.

Grisaille

A monochrome painting done mainly in neutral grays to simulate sculpture. (a black and white underpainting) -establishes light and dark values

Tempera is best mixed when (FRESH OR OLD) for a painting session.

Fresh

Why is Fresco painting so durable?

It uses a chemical reaction, the color is absorbed by the plaster surface and the pigment is binded with the lime. This CHEMICAL reaction allows for fresco painting to be permanent.

Why did we start using linen cloth?

It was lighter and easier to handle

Who invented a new way of transporting oil paint?

John G. Rand

Ultramarine is from the _________ word ultramarinus that means ______________ the ________ and is a luxorius _______ color, favored for the sky color in some _________________ paintings. That was ground from lapis lazuli, a blue stone in Afghanistan.

Latin, beyond the sky, blue, Renaissance

Gouache Painting

Opaque watercolor painting, quick drying, often used for color reproduction work. Technique first developed around the 14th Century by a Monk

en plein air painting

Painted out of doors. A practice used by the Impressionists. Landscape as subject matter

Underpainting

an initial layer of paint applied to a ground, which serves as a base for subsequent layers of paint

Which of the following is something pigment is NOT extracted from? a. minerals b. metals c. soils d. vegetable matter e. animal by-products

b. metal

the color Umbria came from ___________ soil in the Umbria region of Italy.

brown

Michaelangelo, The Libyan Sibyl

buon fresco, took days to complete

Portrait of a Boy

encaustic on wood, used for funerals, put on caskets

Tempera

fast-drying painting medium made from pigment mixed with water-soluble binder, such as egg yolk

verdaccio

green underpainting, create conditions well suited for light flesh tones often used in Renaissance paintings

Muralists and Grafitti artist paint on what?

Walls

Encaustic

a painting medium that primarily uses wax, usually beeswax, as the binding agent

Liquid Binder

a substance that allows the paint to be applied and then dries, leaving the pigment permanently attached

Fresco

a technique in which the artist paints onto freshly applied plaster, from Italian word "fresco"

acrylic paint

a water based paint that has a (polymer) plastic binder and dries to a permanent covering. -pigments suspended in an acrylic polymer resin -drys quickly and cleaned up easily -very versatile and practical -

Joan Brown, Girl in Chair, 1962

impasto painting paint piles up and looks 3-D

Artemisia Gentileschi

important woman painter of the Baroque

fresco secco (dry fresco)

the technique of painting on dry plaster with pigments mixed in water.

Robert Shiomora, Untitled

-Japanese and American values together using Acrylic paint -world war 2

Entry into Jerusalem - Duccio

-Jesus enters Jerusalem and palms are laid down in front of him as he comes in on a donkey -TEMPERA (EGG YOLK AND PIGMENT) -alterpiece -large, freesatnding, can be viewed from front and back -Duccio mastered egg tempera -short, thin strokes that resulted brilliant detail and enlighten a population of believers

Sonia Delunay, Prose of the Tran-Siberian Railway and of Little Jehanne of France

-an artists book collaboration with Blaise Cendrars. -50 copies put together taller than Eiffel Tower -watercolor illustration on left is set next to Cendras poem on right -illustration changes as the reader advances down the page

Suzuki Shonen, Fireflies at Uji river

-ink or silk scroll -a night scene from the Japenese novel The Tale of Genji -emphasizes power of rushing water with strong brushstrokes and powerful diagonals

Hung Liu's painting Interrugum

-juxtaposes images and styles -traditional chinese style -idylic in upper part, in contrast to the reality of the country under Communist rule -reflects meaning of tittle which means a period when normal government is suspended, especially between successive reigns

Temples in ancient Greece and Mexico painted in __________ colors, and to our contemporary tastes looks garnish.

Bright

Does egg yolk affect the color of pigment?

Egg yolk just gives the painting a soft glow. and is very durable

Difference between encaustic and oil paint

Encaustic is usually painted on a stiff panel, while oil is flexible and adheres to cloth support (linen or canvas)

T/F Fresco Secco has a more brilliant color than buon fresco.

F

t/F Fresco secco method is MORE durable than buon fresco.

F, Frescoes using the fresco secco method tend to be LESS durable than buon fresco because the surface is less absorbent.

T/F Tempera takes about 2 months to fully dry.

F, Tempera dries almost instantly.

T/F if an artist can not complete painting a section in a day of plastering, or needs to retouch, using buon fresco he will have to restart the entire painting.

F, he/she can employ the dry fresco method.

T/F Fresco painting mixes pigment and a binder.

F, it mixes pigment and water.

Why does paint need a binder?

Pigments themselves do not stick to a surface

T/F Artists painted on wood panels with tempera to painting with oil on linen canvases.

T

T/F painting is versatile.

T

Why is watercolor very appealing?

The portability of watercolor all that is needed is brushes, small tubes or cakes of paint, and paper

Andrew Wyeth, Christina's World, 1948

loved for realism and high detail -tempera to provide glimpse into American life in mid-20th century - setting in her "extraordinary conquest of life" -scene is placid and bright, which represents admiration of her - high degree of detail creates sense of mystery that stimulates our imagination

Difference between acrylic paint and oil paint

oil paint is slow dry acryllic is fast drying and very versatile

impasto technique

paint applied in thick layers -makes painting look 3-D

What is paint composed of in its most basic form?

pigment suspended in a liquid binder