Art Edu Test 2 Study Guide

The stained glass windows of Sainte-Chapelle in Paris are done in which of the following styles?

Gothic

The Parisian public was shocked by the monumental paintings of this French artist, for not even ugliness could intimidate him. Visitors to his studio must have had the fright of their lives. They would certainly not have expected to encounter a wild-looking bull thrashing around with its tail as they went in. It was just that this French painter occasionally preferred somewhat different models from the usual ladies and gentlemen. Who was he?

Gustave Courbet The realist painters aimed to depict reality in a way that was as true to nature as possible. There had certainly been tendencies of this kind in painting since ancient times, but Realism as a name for an art movement caught on only as a result of the famous exhibition that Gustave Courbet put on in a shed in Paris in 1855, and which he called La Realisme.

Which of the following terms refers to a three-dimensional image of an object created by recording the pattern of interference, and illuminating the image with a light?

Hologram. A hologram is produced when the image of a three-dimensional object is recorded on photographic film by a split laser beam, followed by the lighting of the image with a laser.

What artistic method, characterized by thick application of paint, is used by van Gogh in the painting above, as well as in the bulk of his other works?

Impasto. Impasto is the application of thick paint, rather than smooth, flat strokes to a surface. Vincent van Gogh often used that technique to create flowing images with emotional quality.

Which of the following would NOT be a requirement for paint thinner?

It must react chemically with the materials with which it is mixed. This is not a requirement that you would want in paint thinner. It must NOT react chemically with the materials with which it is mixed.

The painting above is Young Shepherdess, c. 1871, by Jean-François Millet, Museum of fine Arts, Boston. Millet was a founder of which of the following?

Barbizon School

Linen is considered the best canvas because it has a fine, even grain that is free of knots and is a pleasure to paint on. Although expensive, it is very durable and, once stretched on a frame, it retains it tautness. Good-quality linen has a tight weave of even threads, which will persist through which of the following?

several layers of primer and paint

A layer of solid color can be built up, and the waxy surface scratched into with a sharp tool to create lively patterns and textures - a technique known as which of the following?

sgraffito. A layer of solid color can be built up, and the waxy surface scratched into with a sharp tool to create lively patterns and textures - a technique known as sgraffito. Further interest is added by applying one color over another and then scratching back through the top layer to reveal the color below.

A tower or spire, usually having a convex taper, of an Indian temple is known as which of the following?

sikhara A sikhara is a tower of an Indian temple having a convex taper. It is often crowned by an amalaka. An amalaka is a flattened, fluted, melon-shaped massive stone.

Reds and yellows contrasted with blues and greens are an example of which of the following?

temperature contrastAll colors have familiar associations. Reds and yellows invoke a warm feeling; while blues and greens are more connected to the cool. Contrasts of warm and cool color have several applications in painting and contrasting them is known as temperature contrast.

The most important turn-of-the-century painter in Germany, Albrecht Durer (1471-1528), was trained by his father as a goldsmith in Nuremberg, in southern Germany. His expertise in woodcut and engraving is reflected in the linear quality of his style. Durer's attention to convincing textures is consistent with his view that the eye is which of the following?

the means by which the experience of painting is conveyed to the viewer. The most important turn-of-the-century painter in Germany, Albrecht Durer (1471-1528), was trained by his father as a goldsmith in Nuremberg, in southern Germany. His expertise in woodcut and engraving is reflected in the linear quality of his style. Durer's attention to convincing textures is consistent with his view that the eye is the means by which the experience of painting is conveyed to the viewer. In 1500, at the age of twenty-eight, Durer painted a frontal self-portrait which emphasized the artist's presence.

Alkyd paints are made from pigments bound in an oil-modified synthetic resin. They handle in the same way as traditional oil paints, but have the advantage of being much faster-drying - in normal use, the paint surface is usually dry set-to-touch within ________________.

6-8 hours Alkyd paints are made from pigments bound in an oil-modified synthetic resin. They handle in the same way as traditional oil paints, but have the advantage of being much faster-drying - in normal use, the paint surface is usually dry set-to-touch within six to eight hours and can be recoated within 16 hours. Alkyds may be mixed with oil paints, which has the effect of speeding up the oils' drying time and retarding that of the alkyds, so that all the colors dry at a relatively even rate.

The most important aspect of sculpting with plaster is to ensure that it is properly supported from within. Which of the following is essential for this support?

A firm armature. The most important aspect of sculpting with plaster is to ensure that it is properly supported from within. A firm armature is to ensure that it is properly supported from within. A solid mass of plaster, which is then carved through subtractive techniques, is of course, self-supporting. If you need a lighter-weight sculpture, however, a solid, heavy mass of plaster is not always a practical solution. This is where some basic hardware supplies and found objects become your most valuable tools.

The painting created by Frank Stella that is shown in the image above, was most likely composed using which of the following measurement tools?

A protractor.

Which of the following is the best definition of motif?

A recurrent element, such as a figure or type of design. A motif is a repetitive pattern or recurrent figure in two-dimensional or three-dimensional works of art. It can be used as the central element, or can be repeated with variations throughout a work.

An amphora is

A storage jar An amphora is a storage jar used in ancient Greece. Most of the surviving art of ancient Greece is in the form of illustrations on jars and vases.

What artistic movement of the 1940's and 1950's included works that were created rapidly, were often nonrepresentational, and conveyed a high degree of emotion?

Abstract-Expressionism.

Which of the following terms accurately describes the painting above by James Abbott McNeill Whistler?

Aesthetic.

Which of the following terms refers to sculpture that is slightly raised without apparent undercut?

Bas relief. Bas relief refers to a sculpture that is only slightly raised from the surface.

The Forbidden City is in

Beijing The Forbidden City was built in Beijing by the Ming dynasty in the seventeenth century. It was the seat of royal power, encompassing palaces, gardens, lakes, libraries, and offices.

With which of the following religions is Bodhisattva associated?

Buddhism

The art period that was a combination of Roman splendor, Greek artistic traditions, and Christian subject matter was which of the following?

Byzantine Byzantine art is Christian art of the Eastern Roman Empire after the fall of Rome. It is symbolic and less naturalistic than the Greek and Roman art that inspired it. The most popular form of painting in the Byzantine period was icon painting.

Auguste Rodin is thought by some to be the equal of Michelangelo. However, some think that his assistant of 15 years acted as his muse. This person who also became a great sculptor is which of the following?

Camille Claudel Some people think that Auguste Rodin could not have achieved the level of fame he did without his assistant and lover, Camille Claudel. He found inspiration in Claudel's support and assimilated many of her ideas.

What artist installed more than 7,000 vinyl "gates" along pathways in New York City's Central Park?

Christo The artist Christo and his wife Jeanne Claude created large environmental works of art. Their projects included the wrapping of the Reichstag in Berlin, a 24-mile long work called "Running Fence" in California, and the installation of brightly colored vinyl gates in Central Park.

Which of the following statements about chroma color is least accurate?

Chroma is not capable of dilution. This is the least accurate statement. Chroma is capable of massive dilution. The colors retain their vibrancy and strength. The paints are highly concentrated, which makes them very economical to use.

Which of the following artists' work is characterized by large public art installations that are associated with the Pop Art Movement?

Claes Oldenburg. Pop Artist Claes Oldenburg was best known for his public art installations featuring very large replicas of everyday objects.

The Rococo period in art is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT

Classical proportions Rococo art, which flourished in the seventeenth century, was a reaction to the more serious, formal art of previous eras. It stressed purely ornamental, light, casual, irregular design.

Exposure to carbon tetrachloride can cause which of the following?

Death or severe liver damage. Carbon tetrachloride exposure can cause liver cancer, severe liver damage, or death if inhaled or absorbed by the skin.

Which of the following techniques is demonstrated in the image above?

Double loading. Double loading is a technique in which a painter loads two colors onto the brush side-by-side; and then carefully blends the colors as shown in the image.

Letraset® was a major manufacturer of which of the following?

Dry transfer graphics. Letraset® was a major manufacturer of dry transfer graphics, which are graphic elements that a designer can remove from a transparent backing sheet, and attach to a smooth surface.

In sculpture, as in painting, we can see the transition to naturalism by comparing Archaic and Classical large-scale nude male figures. During the Archaic Period, Greek artists traveled to Egypt to learn monumental stone-carving. As a result, the early Archaic Greek sculptures share certain qualities with which of the following?

Egyptian royal art. In sculpture, as in painting, we can see the transition to naturalism by comparing Archaic and Classical large-scale nude male figures. During the Archaic Period, Greek artists traveled to Egypt to learn monumental stone-carving. As a result, the early Archaic Greek sculptures share certain qualities with Egyptian royal art.

Painting of the Baroque era is characterized by all of the following

Exaggerrated lighting, Intense emotions, Release from restraint

In Ernst Ludwig Kirchner's Self-Portrait as a Soldier, 1915, Allen Memorial Art Museum, Oberlin College, the contortion of the face and figures to express the artist's angst is a characteristic of which of the following movements in art?

Expressionism The Expressionists wanted to communicate their feelings so much that normal figures were reshaped by them as in Kirchner's painting. Expressionism reflected the tension of worldwide conflict coming to a head in World War I. Kirchner was a leader of the Die Brücke group of Expressionism.

Which of the following artists painted numerous self-portraits because, as she said, "I am the subject I know best"?

Frida Kahlo

Which of the following choices names the New Objectivity artist who produced paintings and drawings, such as Fit for Active Service, that were caustic indictments of the military in response to World War I?

George Grosz George Grosz produced numerous paintings and drawings, such as Fit for Active Service, that were caustic indictments of the military. In these works, he often depicted military officers as heartless or incompetent. The simplicity of the line drawing in the work contributes to the directness and immediacy of the work, which scathingly portrays the German army.

English artists were much less called upon than their counterparts in other European states to depict the glory of god-like rulers and military leaders. And it was also easier for ordinary people to have their portraits painted. Pictures of this kind were commissioned for special occasions like weddings or important birthdays from artists, many of whom made their living by painting portraits. Inspired by the soft colors in which the Dutch artist Anthony van Dyck had portrayed 17th-century Aristocrats, all of the following painters raised portrait painting to a pinnacle of fame except:

Jackson Pollock. Inspired by the soft colors in which the Dutch artist Anthony van Dyck had portrayed 17th-century Aristocrats, Thomas Gainsborough, Joshua Reynolds and Thomas Lawrence raised portrait painting to a pinnacle of fame. William Hogarth was also celebrated for his dignified and realistic individual portraits and lively group pictures. However, unlike his austere colleagues, Hogarth loved working elements of caricature into his pictures.

Today's African artists tend to use new forms and materials within older functional categories. The artist of the Ga people who created caskets intended to reflect on the deceased's life and occupation is which of the following?

Kane Kwei Kane Kwei created caskets intended to reflect on the deceased's life and occupation. He created such diverse shapes as a boat, a fish, a whale, various agricultural products, airplanes and more.

The psychoanalytic approach to art considers the underlying unconscious meaning of a work. This can involve both an analysis of the artist's personality in relation to the work and the consideration of a work independently of the artist. The first psychoanalytic study of an artist was Sigmund Freud's psychobiography of ______________________.

Leonardo da Vinci The first psychoanalytic study of an artist was Sigmund Freud's psychobiography of Leonardo da Vinci, published in 1910. Freud showed how the artist's childhood and personality influenced his iconography, his style, and his working methods. Using dreams, memories, fantasies, jokes, and slips of the tongue as evidence. Freud analyzed the underlying meanings of Leonardo's imagery. In Freud's view, the core of child development is the Oedipus complex, which comprises the various facets of the child's relationship to his or her parents.

Spattering, or flicking paint onto a support, is an effective means of suggesting textures, such as sand and pebbles or sea foam. It can also be used to enliven and add interest to a large area of flat color. There are two methods of spattering. One is to dip an old toothbrush into fairly thick paint and, holding it horizontally, above the painting surface, quickly draw a thumbnail through the bristles. This releases a shower of fine droplets onto the painting. What would be the second method?

Load a paintbrush and then tap the brush sharply across your outstretched finger or across the handle of another brush

The structure shown in the image above is an example of a which of the following?

Loggia. In architecture, a loggia is a gallery that is open on one or both sides. The image above shows the loggia at the Piazza Annunziata in Florence.

Which of the following terms does not name a shape which resembles a circle that is stretched until it is longer rather than equally wide?

Orb. An oblong shape is one that has been stretched from a circular shape into one that is long rather than wide. An ellipse is a regular oval shape traced by a point moving on a plane so that the sum of its distances from a foci is constant. An oval means having the general shape or outline of an egg. An orb is a sphere or spherical body which is a round solid figure.

Unlike other Impressionists, Edgar Degas showed no interest in

Painting outdoorsPainting outdoors, "en plaine air," was one of the defining characteristics of the Impressionists. Degas actually belittled this practice, preferring to paint scenes in the theaters, restaurants, and homes of Paris. He is best known for his paintings of dancers.

The motif displayed in the image above is an example of which of the following?

Palmette

Which of the following is an ancestor of modern paper?

Papyrus.

In graphic design, a knockout is

Part of an image that has been removed

This work by Albrecht Dürer, Study of an Apostle's Hands, c. 1508, Graphische Sammlung Albertina, Vienna, is an example of which of the following types of art?

Pen and Ink

"The Two Sisters, on the Terrace,"

Renoir

The Flemish Baroque painter turned unbending Renaissance models from antiquity into ample women and characters who enjoyed life. His style is still used to describe voluptuous women, borrowing from his paintings. He was a skillful linguist and also such a respected diplomat that he was knighted. Who was he?

Peter Paul Rubens. Ruben-esque is still used to describe voluptuous women, borrowing from his paintings. He was a skillful linguist and also such a respected diplomat that he was knighted. The Flemish artist's output was so high that in many of his pictures it is impossible to say what was painted by Rubens himself or what he actually assigned to one of his numerous assistants and workshop colleagues.

The artist Man Ray is best known for his

Photography Man Ray thought of himself primarily as a painter, but he is best known as an avant garde photographer. He is widely considered one of the most influential photographers of the twentieth century.

A fine powder used to transfer a design from a perforated pattern to a surface is called

Pounce Fresco painters often created full-scale preliminary drawings called "cartoons." They pricked small holes in the lines of the drawings and used them to create a stenciled pattern on a wall. The powder used in this process is called pounce.

The material shown in the image above is from an African palm tree with large leaves and is known as which of the following?

Raffia

Vermilion is a shade of which of the following?

Red

All of the following are primary colors

Red, Yellow, Blue

Which of the following artists developed a hybrid form of art which he called "combines?"

Robert Rauschenberg Robert Rauschenberg was a recycler. He would comb the streets of New York for junk, or "found objects" and attach these to his painted canvases. He called this art "combines."

The internationally known contemporary Japanese artist who coined the term "superflat," which describes both the aesthetic characteristics of the Japanese artistic tradition and the nature of post-war Japanese culture and society is which of the following?

Takashi Murakami Takashi Murakami is an internationally known contemporary Japanese artist. He works in fine arts media and what is conventionally considered commercial media. He is known for blurring the line between high and low arts. He coined the term "superflat," which describes both the aesthetic characteristics of the Japanese artistic tradition and the nature of post-war Japanese culture and society.

In wood carving, what percent bevel does a typical gouge have on both the inside and outside edges?

Ten percent (10%). A gouge is a beveled chisel with a rounded cutting edge, that is sharpened at ten percent (10%) on both inside and outside edges.

The school of aesthetic criticism known as formalism places emphasis on

The design of a work Formalism focuses on the art work itself, rather than the life of the artist or the historical context of a work. Formalist criticism addresses such topics as line, shape, and color.

In Japanese art, for which of the following are netsuke used?

To tie a bag to the sash of a kimono. In Japanese art, the term, netsuke refers to small sculptures that are used to secure a handbag to a kimono sash. They were most popular during the 1800's, and were typically animal figures, religious figures, or mythological characters.

To lighten the color of watercolors, an artists adds

Water

Which of the following artists developed a gestural abstractionist style as seen in his Woman I?

Willem de Kooning Willem de Kooning's Woman I is a jumbled array of slashing lines and agitated patches of color. From this comes a ferocious-looking woman with staring eyes and ponderous breast. It is suggestive of his gestural abstractionist style.

__________________printing was used in China beginning in the 14th century and was later imported into Japan. In the 18th century, Japanese printmakers elaborated on the technique and added color.

Woodblock

The Asante (an Akan group) people of Ghana carve small wooden fertility figures such as the one seen above. These figures are known individually as which of the following?

akua ba

Which of the following should be avoided as a child art material?

all of the above solvents, art materials requiring solvents for cleanup, powdered materials. There are certain art materials that should be avoided when working with children. All of the first three choices should be avoided. Also avoid materials that contain toxic ingredients, spray art materials, and acids and alkalis.

In the second half of the second century, the philosopher-emperor Marcus Aurelius (ruled A.D. 161 - 180) was commemorated with which of the following?

an equestrian monument In the second half of the second century, the philosopher-emperor Marcus Aurelius (ruled A.D. 161 - 180) was commemorated with an equestrian monument (showing a ruler or general on horseback). Marcus Aurelius admired Greek culture and, in contrast to the smooth-shaven Augustus of Prima Porta, he wears a Greek-style beard. He rides a warhorse, which originally trampled the figure of a defeated enemy underfoot. His extended hand is a gesture both of leadership and oratory, for, like Augustus, Marcus Aurelius is shown addressing his troops.

In the design of cathedrals, the semicircular area that encompasses the altar is called

apse

In fresco practice, the plaster coat that underlies the final painting coat is known as which of the following?

arriccio Arriccio, in fresco practice, means the plaster coat that underlies the final painting coat. It is traditionally composed of lime and sand. In English, it is known as the brown coat.

As the distance between an object and a viewer increases, the contrast between the object and its background decreases, and the contrast of any markings or details within the object also decreases. This is known as which of the following?

atmospherics perspective

The tool pictured above is often used by weavers to loosen densely packed weft. This tool is known as which of the following?

awl

Which of the following pigments would NOT be an organic pigment?

cadmium yellow Cadmium yellow is an inorganic (mineral) pigment. All of the other choices are organic pigments. They are vegetable, animal or synthetic organic pigments.

Pyramids have proved to be an important source of information for ancient Egyptian civilization. They were elaborate burials containing a variety of items to accompany the deceased in the afterlife. Which of the following is NOT one of those items?

clothing

Glazing is one of the traditional techniques that is associated with oil painting. The Renaissance painters, in particular, used glazing as a method of __________________.

color mixing. Glazing is one of the traditional techniques that is associated with oil painting. The Renaissance painters, in particular, used glazing as a method of color mixing. Instead of stirring their colors together on the palette, they applied each color separately, in successive glazes of thin, transparent paint. Each glaze modified the color beneath, like sheets of colored glass, resulting in hues of wonderful richness and luminosity.

The plan, placement, or arrangement of the elements of art in a work is referred to as which of the following?

composition

The photo above illustrates which of the following sewing techniques?

continuous bound placket With the continuous bound placket technique, a narrow strip of fabric is used to bind an opening. A slash is made, and then it is opened out to a straight line and bound with the fabric strip. The binding forms a lapped opening.

Today it is a matter of course that politicians employ spin doctors as imagemakers. Politicians are nearly always on view - in news photos, on television, on posters, and on the Internet. They think carefully about what to wear, how to arrange their hair and make-up, who to be seen with, and where to be seen. As a result of the importance of image in politics, virtually every society throughout history has done which of the following?

created political imagery designed to show its rulers in a certain light. For example, in 16th century England, King Henry VIII hired the German artist Hans Holbein to be his court painter. Famous for marrying six wives, for defying the pope, and transforming England from a Catholic to a Protestant nation, Henry wanted his portraits to emphasize his wealth and power. Holbein's portrait of around 1540 showing Henry in all his finery, upright, and self-confident - the king is barely contained by the space of the painting, which accentuates his massive proportions and conveys his commanding presence.

In terms of yarns for weaving, the wave in fibers that have no crimp is known as which of the following?

curl Curl is the wave in fibers that have no crimp. Crimp is the wave in wool fiber. Generally finer wool will have tighter crimp. Fibers with curl are generally medium grade wools, or non-sheep fibers like mohair.

The technique of applying thick oil paint over a recently painted area so that the top layer is uneven and allows the paint to show through in patches is which of the following?

dragging Dragging is the technique of applying thick oil paint over a recently painted area so that the top layer is uneven and allows the paint to show through in patches. The dragged painting technique uses the paint and the texture of the brush to create streaks and lines across the canvas.

The image above depicts an artist using which of the following types of tools to shape stone?

drove

Smooth papers are best suited to ____________________because the shallow grain quickly fills up with pastel particles, and the surface becomes greasy and unworkable if too many layers of pastel are applied.

fine details and linear work. Smooth papers are best suited to fine details and linear work because the shallow grain quickly fills up with pastel particles, and the surface becomes greasy and unworkable if too many layers of pastel are applied.

The painting above is a detail of work in the Sistine Chapel by Michelangelo that was painted upon a wet, freshly prepared lime-plaster surface with pigments ground in water only. This type of painting is which of the following?

fresco The term "fresco" is used to describe the traditional buon fresco process - painting upon a wet, freshly prepared lime-plaster wall with pigments ground in water only. When the plaster dries it sets with a rocklike cohesion and the pigments dry with it as an integral part of the surface.

Filberts are a compromise between flat and round brushes, being shapes to a slight curve at the tip to produce soft, tapered strokes. The curved tip allows you to control the brush well, and it is useful for which of the following?

fusing and softening edges. Filberts are a compromise between flat and round brushes, being shapes to a slight curve at the tip to produce soft, tapered strokes. The curved tip allows you to control the brush well, and it is useful for fusing and softening edges.

The building shown above is an example of an early-20th century form of architecture characterized by anti-historicism, and suggesting speed and motion. This type of architecture is which of the following?

futurist Futurist architecture is an early-20th century form of architecture born in Italy, characterized by anti-historicism, strong chromaticism, long dynamic lines, suggesting speed, motion, urgency and lyricism. It was part of Futurism, an artistic movement founded by the poet Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, who produced its first manifesto, the Manifesto of Futurism in 1909.

A metal, often used by sculptors, which has had a protective coating applied by electrolysis to prevent it from rusting, is called:

galvanized metal

Which of the following is NOT an inert pigment?

green earth Green earth is not an inert pigment. An inert pigment (a filler or extender) is a white or nearly white pigment that has a low refractive index and therefore, when ground in oil in the manner of the usual artists' color, have little or no opacity or tinctorial effect.

Which of the following types of tape is best for stretching paper?

gummed brown-paper tape Use only gummed brown-paper tape for stretching paper. Other tapes will not adhere to damp paper. Also, plastic-coated boards are not suitable, because gummed tape will not stick to them. Wooden boards are best.

Which of the following metals, formerly used in pencils and paints, has been removed as a result of its toxicity?

lead

In drypoint, the artist draws on a metal plate with a special needle that leaves a rough edge (a burr) in its wake. Because of the burr, when the drypoint plate is printed, the lines are more textured - even slightly blurred - than in an engraving. This technique thus allows for all of the following except:

less variety. In drypoint, the artist draws on a metal plate with a special needle that leaves a rough edge (a burr) in its wake. Because of the burr, when the drypoint plate is printed, the lines are more textured - even slightly blurred - than in an engraving. This technique thus allows for more variety, unevenness of form, and softness of shadow.

It is important to prepare your wooden palette before they are used for the first time. Wooden palettes should be treated by rubbing them with which of the following?

linseed oil

One of the principal forms of Roman sculpture consisted of panels of sculpted figures depicting military exploits which decorated triumphal arches. The term for this type of art is which of the following?

narrative relief The principal form of Roman sculpture other than statues was narrative relief. Panels of sculpted figures depicting military exploits decorated triumphal arches, under which victorious armies paraded, leading long lines of chained prisoners. The Column of Trajan was the most ambitious of these efforts. Report a problem with this question

Combining complementary colors produces

neutral color

Technical pens should only be used with technical-pen inks. These are usually, although not always, lightfast, but are _________________.

not waterproof

This work is an example of

op art

The wedge-shaped area that remains unwoven when the rim is full must be filled in by back-and-forth weaving. This is known as which of the following?

packing The term for filling in the wedge-shaped area that sometime remains unwoven when the rim is full is packing. It is also called "filling in."

Commercially prepared canvas boards and panels consist of acrylic-primed cotton canvas mounted on rigid board. They come in a range of standard sizes and surface textures and are a good choice for beginners. Since they are compact and lightweight, they are ideal for _________________________.

painting outdoors

Fresco painting is done on

plaster

Theories of art that conceptualize it in terms of its effects on its audience to, for instance, enhance experience and thought, or escape from reality are which of the following?

pragmatic Pragmatic theories of art conceptualize it in terms of its effects on its audience to, for instance, enhance experience and thought, or escape from reality. Pragmatism holds that art exists to serve a function and is conceptualized in terms of its effects on its audience, and in terms of the purposes it is designed to accomplish.

A color that has been mixed with white is called

tint

The Etruscans borrowed from the Greeks for their art but most of it was destroyed by the Romans who conquered them. Etruscan art survives mostly in the form of which of the following?

tomb art When the Romans conquered the Etruscans, they built over most of their settlements, but not their tombs. Etruscan art is therefore mainly known through their tomb art. The Etruscans viewed death as a pleasant continuation of life.

One ancient technique of fiber craft is weaving, which, in Greek myth, was given to the human race by the goddess Athena. Consider the famous woven Lady and the Unicorn tapestry thought to represent the sense of hearing. In this weaving technique, two types of yarn _____________and____________, are arranged at right angles to each other.

warp and weft

The earliest printmaking method is which of the following?

woodcut

Ready-primed canvas comes prepared with either an oil- or an acrylic-based primer. It is better to use an oil-primed canvas for oil painting and leave acrylic-primed ones for acrylic paintings, but you can use an acrylic-primed canvas for oils if_______________________.

you paint thinly and on a small scale. Ready-primed canvas comes prepared with either an oil- or an acrylic-based primer. It is better to use an oil-primed canvas for oil painting and leave acrylic-primed ones for acrylic paintings, but you can use an acrylic-primed canvas for oils if you paint thinly and on a small scale. Canvas may be single- or double-primed. The latter is more expensive; it has a denser surface, but it is flexible than single-primed canvas.