Art His Test 4
Luncheon on the Grass
Édouard Manet
Marie-Antoinette and Her Children
Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun
The painting, Summer's Day, was created by this female founding member of the Impressionist group:
Berthe Morisot
Much of Picasso's work can be classified into "periods" such as his "_________" period when his paintings focused primarily on images of poverty and emotional depression.
Blue
Although this painting was considered a masterpiece of Realism, its detractors were offended by what they termed "the cult of the ugly" because the artist refused to beautify or sentimentalize the scene and the monumental scale of the painting was usually reserved for history paintings full of important persons - not normal, everyday people.
Burial at Ornans
Artists of the Baroque period, including Artemisia Gentileschi, were influenced by this artist's innovative and dramatic use of light and dark:
Caravaggio
Phil
Chuck Close
Phil is an example of the photorealistic art created by this artist prior to a major health-related "event" which left him a paraplegic:
Chuck Close
The following characteristics are all typical of Baroque art EXCEPT:
Classic simplicity
Impression: Sunrise
Claude Monet
Fauvism was part of a larger trend in Europe called ___________, which arose because artists believed that the fundamental purpose of art was to express their intense feelings toward the world. Broadly speaking, it refers to any style in which the feelings of the artist take precedence over objective observation.
Expressionism
Lead by Henri Matisse, this art movement featured mostly realistic subject matter but the intense, uncontrolled colors were often unrealistic. Critics were alarmed and referred to the artists as "Wild Beasts."
Fauvism
This influential composer suggested a different path for art to follow: merging music and visual art with theater, resulting in "assemblage" and "happenings."
John Cage
This American Neoclassical artist painted portraits of many who would later become leaders in the American Revolution:
John Singleton Copley
One of several reasons Manet's Luncheon on the Grass was so controversial to critics of that time is that it seemed to mock two revered Renaissance paintings: Fête champêtre by Titian and:
Judgement of Paris by Raphael
The Dinner Party
Judy Chicago
Following the "Salon des Refusés," young French artists continued to rebel against state-sponsored art. During one of their exhibitions a painting caught the eye of ___________, an art critic who titled his review, "The Impressionists" and the name stuck:
Jules-Antoine Castagnary
Sky Cathedral
Louise Nevelson
In 1863, the Paris Salon rejected nearly 3000 of the submitted works which caused the rejected artists to mount an alternative exhibition known as the "Salon des Refusés." Among the works rejected was this notorious painting by _________, who would later become an inspiration to the Impressionists:
Luncheon on the Grass (English translation) / Manet
The Fountain
Marcel Duchamp
This artist was associated with the Dada art movement and made a lasting impression when he created a new art form (ready-mades) in which the artist makes nothing, but merely labels an object as art:
Marcel Duchamp
This art movement can be defined as an attempt to rid art of representation and personal expression and allow viewers to see "the whole idea without any confusion":
Minimalism
Although Judith Leyster was a highly regarded and successful genre painter during her lifetime, for some two hundred years following her death many of her works were
Mistakenly identified as the work of Frans Hals
This art movement refers to a group of artists who came after Impressionism who carried forward the Impressionist bright palette and direct painting techniques yet each possessed a unique style. Artists included Seurat, Van Gogh, Gauguin and Cézanne.
Post-Impressionism
In the mid-1960s - the mid-1970s, artists reacted to minimalism through a variety of trends, known collectively as:
Postminimalism
Artists associated with this art movement tend to use unconventional materials, embrace the element of chance, and often create ephemeral works in which the meaning of the work embraces what it is made of and how it is made:
Process Art
This art movement was a reaction to both Neoclassicism and Romanticism. Artists sought to depict the everyday and the ordinary rather than the historic, the heroic or the exotic.
Realism
Sortie of Captain Banning Cocq's Company of the Civic Guard (The Night Watch)
Rembrandt
This Dutch Baroque work illustrates this artist's innovative approach to group portraits: showing participants in the setting of an activity rather than posing them formally:
Rembrandt
The following characteristics are all typical of Neoclassical art EXCEPT:
A lighthearted playful quality
From Slavery Through Reconstruction
Aaron Douglas
The Happy Accidents of the Swing
Jean-Honoré Fragonard
This female Baroque artist created a series of paintings featuring strong, assertive women which many historians interpret as psychological revenge on her rapist.
Artemisia Gentileschi
Robert Rauschenberg referred to his works as "combine paintings" but a more general term is:
Assemblage
Sol LeWitt's work had strong links to Minimalism, however he preferred to refer to his work as ______________ art, for it was primarily about ideas.
Conceptual
Paul Revere
Copley
This artist's "we the people" artistic agenda was linked to radical political ideas which earned him a prison sentence and later forced him to flee France.
Courbet
The goal of this highly influential art movement was to reduce the role of color to a minimum, invent a new system for fragmenting figures and other elements into flat planes and to find a way of representing the fact that human perception involves multiple viewpoints. Subject matter is fragmented, analyzed, and reassembled in abstract basic shapes and forms.
Cubism
This protest art movement began as a response to the horrors of WWI and seemed to be "anti-everything" yet it was creative, spontaneous, provocative and absurd:
Dada
Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor)
Diego Velázquez
The Scream
Edvard Munch
Liberty Leading the People
Eugène Delacroix
As Baroque principles spread across Europe, each country developed them in its own way. For example, ____________ favored a more restrained, "classical" version in which the order and balance of the Renaissance were retained although infused with theatricality and grandeur.
France
Paintings depicting scenes of everyday life are known as ____________ paintings
Genre
Identify the name of the artist who created this work:
Gentileschi
Fur Traders Descending the Missouri
George Caleb Bingham
In America, art often expressed an almost mystical reverence for the natural beauty of the landscape as shown in the work by this American artist, the first major painter to live and work west of the Mississippi:
George Caleb Bingham
Sunday Afternoon on the Island of la Grande Jatte
Georges Seurat,
St Teresa in Ecstasy
Gian Lorenzo Bernini
The Stonebreakers
Gustave Courbet
Part of a trend in America following WWI was art dedicated to building a better society which merged three African American experiences: African heritage, the legacy of slavery, and realities of modern urban life.
Harlem Renaissance
The following is true about Rembrandt EXCEPT
He achieved and maintained financial success throughout his life
Portrait of Madame Matisse (The Green Line)
Henri Matisse
The portability of tubed oil colors allowed these artists to move their entire process outdoors and to be part of the shifting light they wanted to depict.
Impressionism
The Abstract Expressionists refer to a group of painters who engaged in what critics came to call "action painting" and this artist was considered the quintessential Abstract Expressionist:
Jackson Pollock
The Death of Marat
Jacques-Louis David
Les Demoiselles d'Avignon
Pablo Picasso
Artists associated with this art movement, including Andy Warhol, mined the visual material associated with the mundane, mass-produced products and everyday images of America's popular culture:
Pop art
This art-historical period's name is a play on the word "baroque" and also refers to the French words for "rocks" and "shells" - motifs that often appear in the architecture, furniture and sometimes paintings of the time:
Rococo
According to our text, Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People and Goya's Executions of the Third of May are both considered examples of this art-historical movement:
Romanticism
Rebelling against the Neoclassical "Age of Reason" this art movement urged the use of emotion, intuition, individual experience, and imagination. Artists glorified the landscape, picturesque ruins, the struggle for liberty and man's relationship to nature.
Romanticism
The Persistence of Memory
Salvador Dali
This art movement grew out of Dada and was directly influenced by Sigmund Freud's theories of the unconscious and the logic of dreams:
Surrealism
The following characteristics are all typical of Rococo art EXCEPT:
Tends to employ dramatic, intense colors
A Neoclassical work featuring one of the leading figures in the French Revolution who was murdered in his bath:
The Death of Marat
Painters associated with the first major post-WWII art movement are commonly referred to as:
The New York School
Primarily Protestant in nature, Dutch Baroque art focused upon all of the following EXCEPT:
The lives of the martyrs
The Cornara Chapel, Bernini's masterful integration of architecture, painting, sculpture and lighting features this centerpiece:
The sculpture, St. Teresa in Ecstasy
This important modern day event took place in the Palace of Versailles' Hall of Mirrors
The signing of the treaty to end WWI
In this work, ______________uses light to create drama and emphasis but also as a way to organize and unify a complex space:
Velázquez
This Parisian-born artist completed approximately 20 portraits of Queen Marie Antoinette by the time the French Revolution began:
Vigée-Lebrun
These two artists intentionally used their work to shape the public's view of prominent figures just prior to and during the French Revolution:
Vigée-Lebrun and David