Art Test 1 chapters 1-5

Trompe l'oeil

french word for "fool of the eye," representational art that mimics optical experience so faithfuly that it may be mistaken momentarily for reality. ex.Housepainter III by Duane Hanson

asymmetrical balance

has two sies that do not match.

Kinetic art

imcorporate (rather then depicts) real or apparent movement. ex.Southern Cross by alexander Calder

complimentary harmonies

involve colors direcly opposte each otheron the color wheel, such as red and green.

Linear perspective

is based of the obervation that parallel lines appear to converge as they recede fron the viewer, finally meeting ar a vanshing point on the horizon, relies on a fixed viewpoint. ex. Francesco di Giorgio Martini Architectural Perspective

rhythm

is based on repetition, one of the menas that artists use ro structrue our experience. ex. Maya Lin's Strom King Wace Fiel

Secondary colors

orange, green, and violet-made by combining two primary colors

emphasis

our attnention is drawn more to certain parts of a composition than to others.

outline, contour

perceived edges of a three-dimensional form such as the human body. ex. Sequence 6 from Flow Chart for "The Perfect Ride" by Jennifer Pastor

potinillism

pure colors were applied in regular, small touches(points) that blended through optical color mixture when viewed at a certain distance. ex.evening, honfleur by Georges Seurat

Primary colors

red, yellow, blue-they can not be made by any mixture of other colors

warm colors

red-orange side of the wheel.

proprotion

refers to size relationhips b/w parts of a whole, or b/w two or more items perceived as a unit.

stylized

representational art in which methods for depicting forms have become standardized, and can thus be repeated without further observation of the real-world model. ex. Hathor and Sety, detail of a pillar from the tomb of SetyI

shape and mass

shape-two dimensional form. it occupies an area with identifiable boundaries. ex. chanter by Emmi Whitehorse mass-is three dimensional form that occupies a volume of space. ex. the Raven and the First Men by Bill Reid

scale

size in relation to a standard or "normal" size

implied shapes

t help sirect our eyes around a composition, to create a sense of order, to perceive a work of art as a unified and harmonious whole. ex. the Madonna of the Meadows by Raphael Mary, the young John the Baptist(left) and the young Jesus(right)

subordination

that certain areas of the composition are purposefully made less visually interesting, so that the areas of emphasis stand out.

focal point

the emphasis is on a relatively small, clearly defined areas

symmetrical balance

the forms of a composition mirror each other across a central axis, an imaginary straight line that divides the mcomposition in half.

iconography

the identification, description, and interpretation of subject matter in art. ex.Jocho. Amida Nyorai, in the Hoodo

design

the organization of cisual elements in a work of art. applied to all kinds of art.

composition

the organization of lines, shapes,colors, and other art elements in a work of art, in two dimensional art

context

the personal and social circumstances surrounding the making, viewing, and interpreting of a work of art.

form

the physical appearance of a work of art-its materials, style, and composition.

foreshortening

the visual phenomenon whereby an elongated object projecting toward or away from a viewer appears shorter than its actual length, as though compressed.

conceptual unity

through a unity of ideas ex. Mes Voeux by Annette Messager

hierarchical scale

use of scale to indicate relative importance

Isometric perspective

uses diagonal lines to convey recession, but parallel lines do not converge. it is principally used in Asian art, which is not based in a fixed viewpoint. ex. The Siege of Belgrade, froma manuscript o Sulaymannama.

restricted palette

when an artist limits themselvesto a few pigments and their mixtures, tints, and shades ex. Paul Revere by Copely

positive and neative shapes

In two dimensional images, the relationship b/w a shape we perceive as dominant(the figure)(positive) an the background shape we perceive it against(the ground)(negative)

chiaroscuro

Italian for "light-dark". two-dimensional, representational art, the techinque of using values to record light and shadow, esp. as they provide information about the three-dimensional form ex.The Virgin and Saint Anne with the Christ Child and John the Baptist by Leonardo da Vinci

content

What a work of art is about, its subject matter as interpreted by a viewer.

shade

a color darker than the hue's normal value

tint

a color lighter than the hue's nomal value

triptych

a composition consiting of three panels side by side, geneally hinged in such a way that the outer two panels can close like shutters over the central one. ex. The Garden of Earthly Delights by Hieronymus Bosch

golden section

a rectangle constructed suing the proportion of the golden section.

cross-hatching

additional sets of parallel lines laid across the first

open palette

all colors are permitted for use in a painting ex. Jahangir Receives aCup from Khusrau by Manohar

tertiary colors

also called intermediate-are the product of a primary color and a secondary color

naturalistic

an approach portraying the visible world that emphasizes the objective observation and accurate imitation of appearances. ex. First Communion by Pablo Picasso

monochromatic harmonies

are composed of variations on the same hue

Hatching

areas of closely spaced parallel lines,

stippling

areas of dots average out through optical mixing into values.

conceptual art

art created according to the beleif that the essence of art resides in a motivating idea, and that any physical realization or recording of his idea is secondary.

installation

art form in which an entire an room or similar space is treated as a work of art to be intered and experienced ex.Ann Hamilton, mantle

abstract

art in which the forms of the visual world are purposefully simplified, fragmented, or otherwise distorted. ex.Woman with Packages by Louise Bourgeios

nonrepresentational

art that does not repesent or otherwise refer to the isible world outside itself. ex.Melodious by Vasily Kandinsky

visual unity

based in the elemens of shape, line, color, and so on.

atmospheric perspective

based on the observation that distant objects appear less distinct, paler, and bluer than nearby objects b/c of the way moisture in the intervening atmosphere scatters light. ex.the Rocky Mountains, Lander Peak by Albert Bierstadt

cool colors

bluegreen side of the wheel

analogous harmonies

combine colors adjancent to one another on the color wheel.

triadic harmonies

composed of any three colors equidstant from each other on the color wheel. red, yellow, blue

iconoclasm

derived from the Greek for "image breaking:" idolatry, destoyed the images so people would not worship them.

outsider artist/folk artist

don't belong to ay other movemnet or style no acamedic training or artist who are self taught. ex. Paul Gaugin

Implied line

ex.the Raft of the Medusa by Theodore Gericault