Article 3-7 test
How many informal amendments have been made to the Constitution?
1000s
Under the Articles of Confederation, how many states were required to ratify an amendment? ______
13/13
Article 3 states that to be convicted of treason, there must be _______ witnesses testifying against the accused in open court
2
How many different methods exist to ratify an amendment to the Constitution?
2
How many formal amendments have been made to the Constitution? _______________
27
Article 7 required that ____________ of the 13 states must ratify the Constitution for it to become the law of the land.
9
Litmus test
An examination of the political ideology of a nominated judge
The SC hears the majority of its cases on ________ jurisdiction
Appellate
Article 4 specifically addresses problems that the nation and country experienced under the _____________________ of ________________________________ and colonial rule under King _________________________.
Articles of Confederation; George 3
1. In regards to #10: Why has this method been used to propose all 27 Constitutional amendments?
Because Congress is almost always in session
_________ was appointed to the US SC by President George Herbert Walker Bush. He believes in the philosophy of judicial __________
Clarence Thomas; restraint
Who has the power to make laws for the US territories
Congress
___________ has the power to regulate and define jurisdiction for all the lower federal courts
Congress
The ___________________________________ Amendment was proposed to guarantee that "equality of rights under the law shall not be denied or abridged by the US or by any State on the account of sex."
Equal Rights
Most cases that are appealed to the US Supreme Court are heard by the Supreme Court
False
The President has the Constitutional authority to fire a federal judge
False
The founding fathers specifically stated in Article 3 that all federal courts have the power of judicial review
False
______ Courts can strike down laws made by Congress and/or states that they believe are ________ by using the power of judicial review.
Federal
Senate Judiciary Committee
Holds confirmation hearings for the nominations for federal judges by the president.
Members of the judicial branch can be impeached by the ___________ and convicted and removed from office by the ________ for violating their Constitutional oath and/or duties
House of Reps; Senate
______________ is the current US Supreme Court Chief Justice.
John Roberts
Supreme Court justices ________ and __________ were appointed to the US Supreme Court by President George W. Bush. They both believe in the judicial philosophy of judicial _________________
John Roberts and Samuel Alito; restraint
_________ is the strongest check that the _________ branch has over the legislative branch, the executive branch, and the _________ governments
Judicial review; Judicial branch; state
Which current Supreme Court justices believe in judicial activism?
Ketanji Brown Jackson, Elena Kagan, Sonia Sotomayor
SC justice _______ was appointed to the SC by president Joe Biden. This justice believes in the philosophy of judicial __________
Ketanji Brown Jackson; activism
The court case _________ established the power of judicial review
Marbury v. Madison
The President can and must send the _________________________ to help establish order in a ______________________ where domestic _______________________ is taking place.
National Guard; state; violence
Amending the Constitution is an example of the constitutional principle of federalism because both the ________________________ Government and ________________ Governments must work together to change the Constitution
National and State
Supreme Court justices ____________, ___________, and ___________ were appointed to the US SC by Trump. They believe in the philosophy of judicial ________
Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, Amy Coney Barret; restraint
In the 2015 court case __________________________________________, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the _________ Amendment required a ______________________ to recognize a marriage between two people of the _______________ sex that was legally ____________________ and performed in another _____________________.
Obergefell v. Hodges; 14th; state; same; licensed; state
Which method to propose an amendment to the Constitution has never been used?
Propose by a national constitutional convention requested by at least 2/3 of the state legislatures
Which method to ratify an amendment has been used 26 times?
Ratify by at least ¾ of the state legislatures
Which method to ratify an amendment has only been used one time?
Ratify by specially called conventions in at least ¾ of the states
Article 4 requires the US Government to provide a __________________________________ form of government for the _____________________ (meaning that a ________________________________ democracy is guaranteed).
Republican; states; representative
Article 5 prohibited Congress from regulating the ________________________________ until 1808.
Slave Trade
The Founding Fathers agreed to the ___________________ __________________ and the _________ Compromise to get the southern states to ratify the Constitution.
Slave-Trade; 3/5ths
SC justices _________ and ________ were appointed by the US SC by Barack Obama. They both believe in the philosophy of judicial _________
Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan; activism
Federal judges who serve on ________ courts will serve a fixed term of approximately 15 years.
Special/ Legislative
Federal judges who serve on a ________ Court can serve a life term
Supreme
In regards to #12: Why has this method never been used to propose Constitutional amendments?
The NCC would be difficult to organize
In regards to #17: Which amendment was ratified this way?
This method was only used to ratify the 21st Amendment, which repealed the 18th Amendment
Federal Courts have the power to declare a law or action by the states unconstitutional
True
The SC can hear cases on both original and appellate jurisdiction
True
The Senate has the power to either confirm or reject a judicial nominee that the President has appointed to serve on the federal courts
True
In the 2012 court case ____________________________________, the United States Supreme Court ruled that the Defense of Marriage Act (DOMA) was ____________________________________.
US v. Windsor; unconstitutional
Judges who believe in judicial _________ interpret the Constitutional broadly to allow flexibility and greater government power.
activism;
The SC, Special Courts, Constitutional Courts, District Courts, and Appellate Courts are all state courts
all but SC
In regards to #15: Why has this method been used most often to ratify Constitutional amendments?
because the state legislatures are almost always in session
Federal judges keep their job based on good ________
behavior
New states can be created from original states if _________________________ and the state _______________________________ approve.
congress and state legislatures
For the "6 Californias" plan to work, ____________________________ and the California _____________________________ would have to give approval for the division of the ____________.
congress; state legislatures; state
Article 6 requires that all judges swear to support and uphold the ______________________________.
constitution
Only individuals who are ______ of treason can be punished -- their __________ members can't be punished for their crime
convicted; family
Under the Articles of Confederation, states would harbor runaway ________________________ and not ___________________________ them back to the state where the _________________ was committed.
criminals; extradite; crime
Article 4 requires states to give official records from another state full ____________________ and ____________________ (meaning: each state must recognize records from another ______________).
faith and credit; state
Article 3 specifically created the District, Appellate, Constitutional and Special Legislative Federal Courts
false
In 2022, there are currently 12 justices serving on the US SC
false
Article 4 required that _______________________ slaves must be _______________________ back to their master.
fugitive; returned
In reference to #23: Under the Articles of Confederation, states would _________________ runaway criminals like Mrs. B.
harbor
Examples of _______________________________ amendments include legislative action, executive action, judicial interpretation and political party custom.
informal
Article 3 guarantees a trial by ________ for all US citizens involved in a ________ criminal case
jury; federal
State decisis
let the decision stand
Which level of government is responsible for proposing amendments? __________________________
national
Can Speaker of the House Nancy Pelosi be convicted of treason for criticizing President Biden?
no
Do federal judges agree on how to interpret the Constitution?
no
Do the American people vote for federal judges?
no
Does Article 5 give Congress the power to change the number of Senators per state?
no
Does the Constitution provide instructions for legally transferring power from and removing a federal judge who is mentally and/or physically unable to do their job?
no
Does the President have the power to admit a new state into the country?
no
Does the President have the power to divide California into 6 smaller states?
no
Does the SC hear many cases on original jurisdiction?
no
Does the formal Constitutional amendment process require all 50 states to support a new amendment for it to be ratified? _______________
no
Under the Articles of Confederation, did each state protect citizens' privileges and immunities? _______
no
Under the Articles of Confederation, did states recognize public acts, records and judicial proceedings from other states in the confederacy?
no
Mrs. B was born in the great state of Oregon. When I moved to California, did I have to get a new birth certificate? ______________ Did I have to get a California Driver's License? _______________
no; yes
The SC is the only federal court to hear cases on both __________ and ____________ jurisdiction
original and appellate
Federal judges are appointed to office by the _________ and confirmed by the _________
president; senate
The ruling in the court Griswold v. Connecticut created the right to _______
privacy
In reference to #14-17: What clause from Article 4 defends the answer to these questions?
privileges and immunities clause
Which method to propose an amendment to the Constitution has been used for all 27 formal amendments?
propose by 2/3 vote of congress
Article 6 forbids __________________________ tests for federal level officers of the US Government.
religious
The Privileges and Immunities Clause protects your basic unalienable ________________________ in every state.
rights
Did King George III rule the colonies by royal prerogative or by popular sovereignty?
royal prerogative
In regards to #19: The Founding Fathers made this agreement to appease the ____________________ states and convince them to ratify the Constitution.
southern
Which level of government is responsible for ratifying amendments? ___________________________
state
The Court ruling in Griswold V. Connecticut was an example of the Supreme Court checking a _________ government by using its power of ________
state; judicial review
Article 6 declares the Constitution is the _______________________________________________-- this is in direct contrast to the Articles of Confederation, where the _______________________ governments were supreme.
supreme law; state
The ruling in the court Roe V. Wade made abortion legal during the first trimester in every state
true
There are no Constitutional age or citizenship requirements for federal court judges
true
How many different methods exist to propose an amendment to the Constitution? ______
two
Treason is defined in Article 3 as levying ________ against the US, adhering to ___________ of the US and/or giving our enemies ________ and _______________
war; enemies; aid and comfort
Can Mrs.B be convicted for treason if she gives money to a terrorist organization?
yes
Can the president appoint a federal judge?
yes
Does Congress have the power to admit a new state into the country?
yes
Does the "Full Faith and Credit Clause" require states to recognize public acts, records and judicial proceedings from other states in the US?
yes
Does the Full Faith and Credit Clause require states to recognize marriage between 1 man and 1 woman from other states in the US?
yes
