Assessments: Foundations Data Data Everywhere.

Data design is how you organize information; data strategy is the management of the people, processes, and tools used in data analysis.

True

Gap analysis is used to examine and evaluate how a process currently works with the goal of getting to where you want to be in the future.

True

Structured query language (SQL) enables data analysts to communicate with a database.

True

Surveying customers about their preferences and using that information to inform business strategy is an example of data-driven decision-making.

True

Adding descriptive headers to columns of data in a spreadsheet is an example of which analytical skill?

Understanding context

When would a pie chart be an effective visualization?

When showing a class broken down by age

Fill in the blank: A function is a preset command, whereas a formula is _____.

a set of instructions used to perform a specified calculation

Data analysts following data-driven decision-making use the analytical skills of curiosity, having a technical mindset, and data design. What other two analytical skills would they employ? Select all that apply.

data strategy understanding context

Fill in the blank: A data visualization is the _____ representation of information.

graphical

Fill in the blank: As a data analyst considering problems that involve people and their behaviors and activities, it's important to take into account the complicated _____ that could create bias in conclusions.

social context

Fill in the blank: A set of instructions that performs a specific calculation using spreadsheet data is called _____.

A formula

Describe the difference between a question and a problem in data analytics.

A question is designed to discover information, whereas a problem is an obstacle or complication that needs to be solved.

A data analyst shares insights from their analysis during a formal presentation to stakeholders. In a slideshow, they make a data-driven recommendation for how to solve a business problem. What phase of the data analysis process would come next?

Act

Fill in the blank: In the _____ phase of the data analysis process, a data analytics team might validate the insights provided by analysts.

Act

Select the best description of gut instinct.

An intuitive understanding of something with little or no explanation

Fill in the blank: Curiosity, understanding context, and having a technical mindset are all examples of _____ used in data-driven decision-making.

Analytical Skills

What practice involves identifying, defining, and solving a problem by using data in an organized, step-by-step manner?

Analytical thinking

After opening the ice cream shop on her farm, the same dairy farmer then surveys the local community about people's favorite flavors. She uses the data she collected to determine that the top five flavors are strawberry, vanilla, chocolate, mint chip, and peanut butter. She feels confident in her decision to sell these flavors. This is part of which phase of the data life cycle?

Analyze

During which phase of data analysis would a data analyst use spreadsheets or query languages to transform data in order to draw conclusions?

Analyze

Fill in the blank: Using a formula to perform calculations, creating a report from their data, and using spreadsheets to aggregate data would all be actions carried out in the ________ stage of the data lifecycle.

Analyze

A restaurant has noticed that customers often wait longer in line than in previous years. How could a data analyst help solve this problem?

Analyze the number of staff on shift at any time

Fill in the blank: In a data table, a row is called an observation. An observation includes all of the _____ for what is contained in the row.

Attributes

Having a technical mindset is an analytical skill involving what?

Breaking things down into smaller steps or pieces

In the data life cycle, which phase involves gathering data from various sources and bringing it into the organization?

Capture

Which of the following are examples of data visualizations? Select all that apply.

Chartss Graphs, Maps

Which aspect of analytical thinking involves being able to identify a relationship between two or more pieces of data?

Correlation

Fill in the blank: Using data to create new ways of understanding and modeling the unknown is known as _____.

Data Science

In data analysis, which analytical skill involves the management of people, processes, and tools?

Data Strategy

What is the term for the graphical representation of data?

Data Visualization

What is the process of using facts to guide business strategy?

Data-driven decision-making

The data analysis process phases are ask, prepare, process, analyze, share, and act. What do data analysts do during the ask phase?

Define the problem to be solved

Fill in the blank: Shredding paper files and using data-erasure software would be actions taken by a data analyst in the _________ stage of the data lifecycle.

Destroy

By default the columns in a spreadsheet are ordered by letter, and the rows are ordered by number.

True

As a new data analyst, your boss asks you to perform a gap analysis on one of their current processes. What does this entail?

Examining and evaluating how a process works currently in order to get where you want to be in the future

A large hotel chain sees about 500 customers per week. A data analyst working there is gathering data through customer satisfaction surveys. They are anxious to begin analysis, so they start analyzing the data as soon as they receive 50 survey responses. This is an example of what? Select all that apply.

Failing to have a large enough sample size Failing to include diverse perspectives in data collection

Data analysts ensure their analysis is fair for what reason?

Fairness helps them avoid biased conclusions.

A data analyst finishes using a dataset, so they erase or shred the files in order to protect private information. This is called archiving.

False

Correlation is the aspect of analytical thinking that involves figuring out the specific details that help you execute a plan.

False

Curiosity is the analytical skill of using your instinct to solve problems.

False

During the process phase of data analysis, a data analyst cleans data to ensure it's complete and correct.

False

You have recently subscribed to an online data analytics magazine. You really enjoyed an article and want to share it in the discussion forum. Which of the following would be appropriate in a post? Select all that apply.

Giving credit to the original author. Including your own thoughts about the article. Checking your post for typos or grammatical errors.

The five whys is a technique that involves asking, "Why?" five times in order to achieve what goal?

Identify the root cause of a problem

In a spreadsheet, what is text wrapping used for?

In a spreadsheet, what is text wrapping used for?

What steps do data analysts take to ensure fairness when collecting data? Select all that apply.

Include data self-reported by individuals Understand the social context Use inclusive sample population

Avens Engineering needs more engineers, so they purchase ads on a job search website. The website's data reveals that 86% of engineers are men. Based on that number, an analyst decides that men are more likely to be successful applicants, so they target the ads to male job seekers. What should the analyst have done instead?

Make sure their recommendation doesn't create or reinforce bias

A dairy farmer decides to open an ice cream shop on her farm. After surveying the local community about people's favorite flavors, she takes the data they provided and stores it in a secure hard drive so it can be maintained safely on her computer. This is part of which phase of the data life cycle?

Manage

Which of the following could be elements of a data ecosystem? Select all that apply.

Managing data Sharing data Producing data

On a railway line, peak ridership occurs between 7:00 AM and 5:00 PM. The fairness of a passenger survey could be improved by over-sampling data from which group?

Nighttime Riders

What do subject-matter experts do to support data-driven decision-making? Select all that apply

Offer insights into the business problem Validate the choices made as a result of the data insights. Review the results of data analysis and identify any inconsistencies.

1. The objective of data analysis is to draw conclusions, make predictions, and drive informed decision-making. In order to do this, a data analyst must do which of the following with data? Select all that apply.

Organize it Collect it

Fill in the blank: A business is determining who should be responsible for the data in their current data analysis project. This means that the company is in the ______ stage of the data life cycle.

Plan

Fill in the blank: During the _____ phase of the data life cycle, a business decides what kind of data it needs, how it will be managed, who will be responsible for it, and the optimal outcomes.

Planning

A restaurant is struggling to accurately staff for the different daily customer volumes. On some days, there are many servers and few customers. On other days, the restaurant is very busy and there are not enough servers and kitchen staff. What reports could a data analyst use to create more efficient staffing strategies? Select all that apply.

Reports of past and future reservations Reports using historical sales data to predict sales for the current day/date

Which of the following is an example of why a data analyst may generate a query?

Requesting data

In which data analysis phase would a data analyst use visuals such as charts or graphs to simplify complex data for better understanding?

Share

Fill in the blank: Data analysis has six process steps whereas the data life cycle has six _____.

Stages

Based on what you have learned in this course, spreadsheets are digital worksheets that enable data analysts to do which of the following tasks? Select all that apply.

Store data Organize data in columns and rows Sort and filter data

In data analytics, SQL is an acronym meaning _____ query language.

Structured

Fill in the blank: When following data-driven decision-making, a data analyst will consult with ______ .

Subject matter experts

What are the key benefits of data visualizations? Select all that apply.

They can illustrate relationships between data points They can help stakeholders understand complex data more quickly They can clearly demonstrate patterns and trends

A database is a collection of data stored in a computer system.

True

A furniture manufacturer wants to find a more environmentally friendly way to make its products. A data analyst helps solve this problem by gathering relevant data, analyzing it, and using it to draw conclusions. The analyst then shares their analysis with subject-matter experts from the manufacturing team, who validate the findings. Finally, a plan is put into action. This scenario describes data-driven decision-making.

True