AT Final Exam

A score equal to or greater than ____ on the APSQ indicates increased risk for psychological distress

17

When was the SMHAT-1 approved and accepted by the IOC (International Olympic Committee)?

2020

According to the NATA Position Statement, the NCAA recommends full pads on day # of football practice to account for proper heat acclimatization?

5

How many questionnaires are completed in the second phase of the SMHAT-1?

6

Approximately what is the time for a refractory period following a brief small asthmatic event that can provide a potential temporary window for cessation of asthma attack occurrence in approximately 30-40% of exercise induced asthmatics?

60-90 minutes

About what percent of sudden cardiac death patients have no other symptoms before experiencing sudden cardiac arrest?

80%

How can an AT help an athlete feel ready to return to sport?

Address their concerns and give reassurance about readiness

What is the typical name of a short acting beta agonist to treat acute asthma attack?

Albuterol

What is the purpose of professional regulation?

All of the above: Protect the public, Create mechanisms for accountability, Prevent individuals from practicing professions that they are not qualified to practice

What is the main cause of depression?

All of these and more -- depression can arise from a variety of sources, but all are equally valid: Stressors in daily life, Significant life-changing circumstances or events, Loss of identity, Natural chemical imbalance (serotonin) in the brain

An athletic training student in Ohio must:

All of these: Be supervised by an Ohio licensed athletic trainer, Have not met the requirements to sit for the certification exam, Only provide athletic training serives as a part of an approved course of study in their CAATE approved educational program, Be enrolled in a professional education program accredited by the CAATE

Which of the following is crucial to reducing an AT's liability?

All of these: Emergency Action Plans, Proper Documentation, Establishing rapport with students and parents

Who are some resources an AT can reach out to for additional support regarding mental health concerns for an athlete?

All of these: Guidance/Crisis Counselor, Sports psych, School nurse, Team physician

Which is a required element of negligence

All of these: Injury/ damages, Breach of Duty, Duty to act, Proximate cause

How can you show a person you are listening to them?

All of these: Making eye contact, Remembering details and discussing them in later conversations, Nodding as they speak, Asking questions when appropriate

How to become an AT?

All of these: Pass the BOC exam, Be ethical, Graduate from a CAATE accredited program

Which of the following could trigger an asthma attack?

All of these: Smoke, Pollen, Exercise

What should be included in your EAP?

All of these: The location of emergency equipment, Role assignments (who will do what), Instructions on what to do

How should athlete mental health emergencies be planned for?

An EAP should be created, just like for any athletic injury

Tort law is the body of law that

Assigns liability for damages

What does APSQ stand for?

Athlete psychological strain questionnaire

What is the proper terminology to describe an athletic trainer's workspace?

Athletic training clinic

Following a concussion, athletes should be advised to:

Avoid driving

Which is NOT an appropriate communication strategy regarding mental health?

Avoiding tough questions

The BESS test is?

Balance Error Scoring System is scored by errors, such as abducting the hip by more than 30 degrees

According to the NATA position statement on collegiate mental health, approximately what percentage of college athletes are involved in university provided counseling?

Between 80-90%

Which group of athletes has the highest risk of sudden cardiac death?

Black male basketball athletes

Billing insurance requires all except a(n)

CMS code (Requires ICD code and CPT code)

A football player is down on the field. The first thing that you should do is

Check to make sure the scene is safe

What is CTE and which associated statement is true

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy - may be more common individuals with repeated exposure to brain injury but cannot be diagnosed while alive at the moment

Who is not covered under HIPAA?

Coaches

What is the name of the currently accepted psychological response focuses on athlete interpretation of the injury rather than the severity?

Cognitive Appraisal Model

The proper, legal, term to describe high school students who help an athletic trainer is:

Correct: Athletic Training Student Aides. None of these: Student athletic trainers, Student trainers, Athletic training students, Assistant athletic trainers

What is a practice act?

Definition of the scope of practice & the rules and laws

What was the most responded word in the Class and IOC word cloud models about mental health symptoms?

Depression

In the absence of a certified athletic trainer a coach must be able to do all of the following except:

Diagnose injuries (Must be able to inspect and maintain equipment, render first aid, and perform CPR)

Which of the following definitions best describes the field of "sports medicine"?

Different specialized areas related to performance and injury of physically active individuals

Baseline testing for concussion should be?

Done annually for athletes in high risk contact or collision sports

Making decisions about clinical care of individual patients based on the current evidence in professional literature is known as:

Evidence based medicine

A heat disorder characterized by profuse sweating, diarrhea, persistent muscle cramps and dizziness with loss of coordination and a rectal temperature of 102 is:

Exertional heat exhaustion

A single case control study is a better level of evidence for decision making than a randomized controlled trial

False

All athletes cope with injuries in the same way

False

An athlete sprains his/her ankle during a soccer practice. If the athlete fails to inform the athletic trainer about the injury and the athletic trainer fails to even know the athlete was injured (no limping or obvious signs of an ankle injury) and fails to provide care for this athlete he/she can be held liable for such negligence.

False

T/F In the context of negligence, a surgeon would be held to the standard of a nurse

False

T/F: Attaching an AED to someone who doesn't need one can be very dangerous

False

T/F: Exertional heat stroke is the least severe heat illness. It is characterized by neuropsychiatric impairment and core body temperature typically above 110 Farenheit.

False

T/F: High school athletes suffer from sudden cardiac death at a higher rate than college athletes

False

T/F: The Ohio Occupational Therapy, Physical Therapy, and Athletic Trainers Board has certain stipulations regarding ethical conduct to maintain national board of certification for being a certified athletic trainer?

False

T/F: The sports medicine staff should be aware of the major ASTHMA signs and symptoms (ie, muscle cramping, confusion, sweating, drowsiness, forced expiratory volume in the first second [FEVt] of less than 80%, high level of oxygen saturation, use of accessory muscles for breathing, wheezing, and atrial fibrillation.

False

The Kuebler ross Model is currently the most widely accepted and used when talking about athlete response to injury

False

Depression is the most common mental health diagnosis made for young athletes?

False (Anxiety ?)

Which resources did athletes report as the highest % they would reach out to first in the IOC meeting concerning athlete mental health?

Friends/Family

What law prevents lay people who respond to emergencies from getting sued?

Good Samaritan

The Walters Report was conducted and based on what type of problem?

Heat illness in football

Which of the following is NOT a possible symptom of concussion?

Hives

Which is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death in the United States?

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)

What is typically caused by low sodium in the diet and/or excessive hydration?

Hyponatremia

The gold standard treatment for sudden cardiac arrest is

Immediate and continuous high-quality CPR

A score of 1 on question 9 of the PHQ-9 indicates that what step must be taken?

Immediate medical intervention

What is the appropriate treatment for an acute asthma attack?

Inhaled β2(beta)-agonists

What is the strongest form of professional regulation?

Licensure

What is the most important aspect of working with someone regarding their mental health?

Listening

An AT overrules a physicians approval to return an athlete to play and allows an individual to play when the physician has not cleared the athlete. This is an example of

Malfeasance

An Ohio athletic trainer administers an oral medication who turns out to be allergic. This may be considered an act of:

Malfeasance

An athlete sprains their ankle. Their athletic trainer treats their sprain with ice but doesn't provide any rehabilitation exercises. The athlete goes on to develop chronic ankle instability. This is an example of:

Misfeasance

An athlete's x-ray is diagnosed poorly by an overworked physician and they sustain osteoarthritis due to poor management of their elbow injury. This is an example of?

Misfeasance

What is the proper name of the NATA?

National Athletic Trainers' Association

What would be an example of athlete behavioral response to injury?

Non-compliance with rehabilitation plan

John Smith reports to the athletic training room with ankle soreness and the AT recommends he seek further examination and possible x-ray. If John ignores the AT recommendation and proceeds to play soccer in pain and subsequently injures another player accidentally because he tripped and fell during the course of normal plan can the other play sue John and the AT for damages due to?

None of these - no grounds for lawsuit due to being an accident and part of normal soccer activities

The institution that manages all state reports for certified athletic trainers in the state of California regulatory body for California certified athletic trainers is named?

None of these: California AT/PT Board, California AT Board, California AT/PT/OT Board, California Dreaming Board

If an individual fails to perform a legal duty it is known as:

None of these: Liability, Misfeasance - an act of omission, Negligence, Nonfeasance - an act of commission

What is not in the American Heart Association's 14 point cardiovascular screening?

Perform an electrocardiogram

Which of the following are NOT current typical AT job settings:

Performing Surgery

What steps should be taken in attempts to identify individuals susceptible to exertional heat illness?

Pre-season physical exam history of heat illness question review

Which would not be considered an appropriate injury prevention strategy of the sports medicine team?

Prescribing daily vitamin supplementation and non-WADA approved supplements for all athletes

An ATs role in concussion management may include all of the following EXCEPT:

Prescribing medications following concussion (May include educating coaches and athletes on concussion, identifying and evaluating a suspected concussion on the sideline, providing instructions for athletes following concussion diagnosis)

An athletic trainer is sued by a former patient who later developed lung cancer after being allowed to play with a diagnosed concussion. The athletic trainer was found not liable because which element of negligence was absent?

Proximate Cause

Which medical professional can prescribe medications for mental health?

Psychiatrist

In the International Classification of Functioning model which of the following would be correctly categorized when an individual is permitted to jog lightly at practice but not allowed to play in games?

Restrictions

Which is not one of the Kubler-Ross stages of grief?

Shock

As an athletic trainer, what is the first step that should be taken after seeing lightning or hearing thunder?

Stop Activity Immediately and Seek Shelter

Which is the leading cause of death in exercising young athletes?

Sudden Cardiac Arrest

All of the following were included in the NATA Position Statement on sudden death in sport, EXCEPT?

Suicide (Included in the NATA Position Statement: diabetes, sickling, concussion)

Which of the following indicates that a patient is NOT in cardiac arrest?

They are verbally responsive

A legal wrong that is committed against a person or property is known as:

Tort

For major heat trauma one should think "Cool first, ..... second?

Transport

Athletic trainers who act in an unethical manner can ultimately lose their certification.

True

Counseling patients on emotional and social problems is a function of an athletic trainer.

True

If an AT is found to have performed as a reasonable AT would in a situation involving treatment/care/evaluation etc...it is less likely they will be found negligent.

True

Minimal experimental evidence exists regarding the most effective method of preventing EAMCs due to the variety of causes.

True

NATA has different position statements regarding mental health depending on the age of the athlete

True

Psychological healing is as important as physical healing after injury

True

T/F An athletic trainer who is discussing private healthcare information in public may be found in violation of HIPAA?

True

T/F Athletic trainers are legally allowed to bill insurance for their services

True

T/F Athletic trainers in the state of Ohio can legally treat patients who do not participate in sports

True

T/F: A systematic review or meta analysis of randomized controlled trials is the highest/best level of research evidence for clinical practitioners to utilize?

True

T/F: Athletes who have a viral infection at time of training are at greater risk for heat illness?

True

T/F: It is appropriate to call 911 if you believe an athlete is at immediate risk of harming themselves or others

True

T/F: Mismanagement of cervical spinal injuries may result in paralysis or death

True

T/F: When considering who is served by an athletic training facility, it is important to consult school liability insurance to determine who may be treated.

True

T/F: You need a separate EAP for every location that athletes train and compete in.

True

Who wrote the textbook you are using in this class? Hint: He is in the NATA Hall of Fame

William Prentice

Which is a valid reason to stop doing CPR?

You are exhausted and someone is trained properly and is ready to take over for you

When the diaphragm contracts

You inhale

A concussion can best be described as:

a brain injury that results in the rapid (or in some cases delayed) onset of short lived functional impairments

What is a concussion diagnosis?

a clinical decision supported by assessment tools

Which of the following is a component assessed in the SCAT-5?

all of these: balance, memory, symptoms

More conservative treatment/consideration for retirement from sport may be needed if:

athletes experience behavior changes or persistent neurological deficits

Clearing an athlete to return to activity after a concussion should be?

by a trained healthcare provider after reviewing relevant medical data

Absence of sweating with hot, flushed skin, sudden collapse, temperature above 104, altered consciousness and seizures is indicative of:

exertional heat stroke

If you suspect an athlete has a concussion, you should:

immediately remove from participation and evaluate with proper assessment tools

A return to learn protocol following concussion should?

include a gradual reintroduction of school work

Initiation of return to play protocol following concussion should:

include low intensity aerobic exercise initially

A baseline concussion exam should consist of all of the following EXCEPT:

internal temperature (Should consist of neurocognitive testing, clinical history of head injuries, balance testing)

All of the following are appropriate steps to avoid Lightning related accidents, EXCEPT?

metal vehicles that are not grounded such as golf carts are safe locations for evacuation (Appropriate steps: identify designated safety areas for all participants and spectators, create an EAP, have a designated weather watcher)

Which of the following is most accurate concerning Sickle Cell Trait?

occurs in approximately 8% of African Americans

Which of the following devices is best system to assess weather conditions to alert for possible temperature and humidity issues during warm weather months?

wet bulb globe temperature monitor