ATI Hepatitis
A nurse is admitting a client who has Hepatitis C. Which of the following precautions should the nurse implement? A. Droplet B. Contact C. Airborne D. Standard
Answer D. Standard. Hepatitis C is a blood-borne pathogen that is commonly spread by needle stick injury, sharing of IV drug paraphernalia and sexual contact. The nurse should implement standard precautions when in contact with blood, body fluids (except swear), broken skin, and mucous membranes. The nurse should schedule wear additional personal protective equipment if there is a possible blood contact or a risk for splashes or sprays of blood or body fluids.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has viral hepatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Provide a high carbohydrate diet B. Administer acetaminophen for pain C. Encourage eating three large meals daily D. Include high protein snacks
Answer: A provide a high carbohydrate diet. A client with hepatitis should have a diet high in carbohydrates due to altered nutrient metabolism.
A nurse is assessing clients in a health clinic for risk factors for contracting hepatitis. Which of the following clients is at risk for developing hepatitis C? A. A client who eats raw shellfish B. A client who has multiple tattoos C. A client who works in a child care center D. A client who has recently traveled to a underdeveloped country
Answer: B A client who has Multiple tattoos. Hepatitis C is transmitted via blood-to-blood contact. The nurse should recognize that improperly maintained tattoo equipment may aid in transmission and could increase the client's risk for contracting hepatitis C.
A nurse is teaching a class about preventive care to clients who are at risk for acquiring viral hepatitis. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the presentation? A. Avoid covering sores with bandages B. Avoid handwashing after eating C. Avoid food prepared with tap water D. Avoid eating meat
Answer: C Avoid foods prepared with tap water. To decrease the risk for acquiring hepatitis, clients should prepare foods with purified water.
A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A. A family history increases your risk for acquiring hepatitis A. B. Hepatitis A infects the kidneys C. Manifestations of the virus are similar to flu-like symptoms The incubation of the virus is 5 days
Answer: C Manifestations of the virus are similar to flu-like symptoms The nurse should include in the teaching that the manifestations of hepatitis A are similar to having the flu or a gastrointestinal illness. Often the client is unaware that they have acquired the virus.
A nurse is teaching a client who has hepatitis A about preventing transmission of the virus. Which of the following strategies should the nurse include in the teaching? A. Avoid eating at fast food restaurants B. Avoid serving raw food C. Practice effective hand hygiene D. Wear barrier protection during vaginal intercourse
Answer: C Practice effective hand hygiene. Effective hand hygiene - along with immunization, sanitation, and a safe water supply - are the most effective strategies for preventing the transmission of hepatitis A.
A nurse is teaching self-management to a client who has hepatitis B. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching? A. You may donate blood 6 months after completing the medication regimen. B. Consume a high protein diet C. Rest frequently throughout the day D. Take acetaminophen every 4 hours as needed for discomfort.
Answer: C rest frequently throughout the day. Limiting activity is usually recommended until the symptoms of hepatitis have subsided. The nurse should recommend the client rest frequently throughout the day to reduce metabolic demands upon the liver and decrease energy demands
A nurse is administering an IM injection to a client who has hepatitis C. Before placing the syringe and needle into a puncture-resistant container, which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Recap the needle B. Place the cap on the bedside table and slide the needle into the cap C. Wrap the needle with gauze D. Dispose of the needle uncapped
Answer: D Dispose of the needle uncapped. The nurse should immediately place the uncapped needle in a puncture-resistant container to prevent a needle stick with the contaminated needle.
A nurse is planning care for a client who has hepatitis B. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? A. Administer antibiotics B. Provide a diet high in fat C. Restrict fluids Encourage short periods of anticoagulants.
Answer: D Encourage short periods of anticoagulants. The nurse should encourage a client who has hepatitis B to alternate between activity and rest.
A nurse is preparing to administer the hepatitis B vaccine to a client. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to locate the deltoid muscle? A. Locate the center of the arm between the elbow and the shoulder B. Find the center of the anterior aspect of the thigh C. Locate the middle of the anterior thigh between the greater trochanter of the femur and the lateral femoral condyle D. Place one finger across the acromion process and measure 3 fingerbreadths below to the midpoint and center of the lateral aspect of the upper arm.
Answer: D Place one finger across the acromion process and measure 3 fingerbreadths below to the midpoint and center of the lateral aspect of the upper arm. This identifies the deltoid muscle, into which the nurse should inject the vaccine.
