ATI Questions Exam 4 and Module 4 medications
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking epoetin. An increase in which of the following laboratory values should indicate to the nurse that the therapy is effective? A. WBC B. Hgb C.PT D.INR
B. Hgb
A nurse is caring for a client who will begin using transdermal nitroglycerin to treat angina pectoris. When speaking to the client about the drug which of the following instructions should the nurse include(Select all that apply.) "Apply a new patch at the onset of anginal pain." "Apply the patch to dry skin and cover the area with plastic wrap." "Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites." "Apply a new patch when you start your day." "Remove patches for 10 to 12 hours each day."
"Apply the patch to a hairless area and rotate sites." "Apply a new patch when you start your day." "Remove patches for 10 to 12 hours each day."
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for Quinidine. Which of the following statements should the nurse include "Monitor your pulse rate and report changes." "Remain upright for 30 minutes after taking this medication." "This medication can decrease digoxin levels." "This medication can cause urinary incontinence."
"Monitor your pulse rate and report changes."
Which of the following should the nurse expect to inform a patient who is about to begin oral iron replacement therapy? Select all that apply. "Taking iron with a food high in vitamin C will improve your body's ability to absorb the iron." "Taking iron with meals will help decrease any nausea or vomiting." "Iron tablets should be taken with a full glass of water to promote adequate renal function." "It is best to take iron at bedtime on an empty stomach." "Iron therapy can be very constipating. Increasing dietary fiber and/or taking a stool softener are helpful in preventing constipation."
"Taking iron with a food high in vitamin C will improve your body's ability to absorb the iron. "Taking iron with meals will help decrease any nausea or vomiting." "Iron therapy can be very constipating. Increasing dietary fiber and/or taking a stool softener are helpful in preventing constipation."
Based upon the following lab values, which of the following patients may require a dose adjustment of their prescribed medication? A female patient with a serum creatinine of 1.0 mg/dl A female patient with a serum creatinine of 1.3 mg/dl A male patient with a serum creatinine of 1.3 mg/dl A male patient with a serum creatinine of 1.0 mg/dl
A female patient with a serum creatinine of 1.3 mg/dl
In which of the following patients would use of propranolol be contraindicated? A patient with a history of asthma. A patient with a history of coronary artery disease. A patient with a history of breast cancer A patient with a history of anxiety.
A patient with a history of asthma.
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin therapy with recombinant factor IX to treat hemophilia B. The client asks the nurse about the risk of disease transmission with recombinant factor IX as compared with plasma-derived factor IX. The nurse should explain that recombinant factor IX therapy practically eliminates the risk for which of the following? A. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease B. HIV C. Cytomegalovirus D.Anaphylaxis
A. Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic stable angina. The nurse should identify that which of the following drugs inhibits the actions of adenosine diphosphate receptors (ADP) on platelets and can be prescribed to reduce the client's risk for myocardial infarction? A.Clopidogrel B. heparin C.Warfarin D.Alteplase
A.Clopidogrel
A nurse is teaching a client about taking ferrous sulfate to treat iron-deficiency anemia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?A.Eat iron-enriched foods B.Spread the dosage across each day C.Take the drug on an empty stomach D.Increase dietary fiber E. report dark green/black stools
A.Eat iron-enriched foods B.Spread the dosage across each day C.Take the drug on an empty stomach D.Increase dietary fiber
A nurse is caring for a client who has renal failure and is receiving epoetin. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?A.Hypertension B. Muscle pain C. Edema D. Dry mouth
A.Hypertension
A nurse should identify that clopidogrel is contraindicated for clients who have which of the following conditions?A.Peptic Ulcer Disease B. Myocardial infarction C.Pancreatitis D.Myastenia
A.Peptic Ulcer Disease
A nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for an outpatient surgical procedure and reports taking aspirin 81 mg daily, including this morning. The nurse should identify that this places the client at risk for which of the following complications? A.Uncontrolled bleeding B. nausea C.Constipation D.Hypertension
A.Uncontrolled bleeding
Which of the following lab values would the nurse expect to monitor in a patient on statin therapy? Hemoglobin and hematocrit Serum potassium Serum creatinine AST/ALT
AST/ALT
A nurse should recognize that mitrinone is contraindicated for a client who has which of the following conditions? Acute Myocardial Infarction Peripheral vascular disease Ulcerative Colitis Ventricular tachycardia
Acute Myocardial Infarction
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute ischemic cerebrovascular event due to thrombus in cerebral vessel. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer? Alteplase Aspirin Clopidogrel Heparin
Alteplase
Which of the following best represents 0.9% sodium chloride for intravenous administration? A hypertonic IVF also known as lactated Ringer's An isotonic IVF also known as normal saline A hypertonic IVF also known as normal saline An isotonic IVF also known as lactated Ringer's
An isotonic IVF also known as normal saline
Which of the following classes of antihypertensive medications are most similar to ACEIs? Beta Adrenergic Antagonists Calcium Channel Blockers Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers Alpha Adrenergic Antagonists
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers
A nurse caring for a client who taking digoxin and develops changes on their ECG tracing and other manifestations that indicate the client has severe digoxin toxicky. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer to treat this complication Acetylcysteine Flumazenil Antigen Binding fragments Deferoxamine
Antigen-binding fragments
How are antiplatelet medications different from anticoagulant medications? All antiplatelet medications require a prescription. The same is not true for anticoagulant medications. Antiplatelet medications are primarily used to prevent thrombosis in arteries. Other anticoagulants are for venous thrombosis. Antiplatelet medications are all available in pill form, some anticoagulants need to be administered intravenously or by subcutaneous injection. There are no affordable antiplatelet medications currently available. The same is not true for anticoagulant medications.
Antiplatelet medications are primarily used to prevent thrombosis in arteries. Other anticoagulants are for venous thrombosis.
Which of the following medications would the nurse expect to administer to a patient with noninsulin dependent diabetes (NIDDM) and an elevated low density lipoprotein (LDL)? Atorvastatin Niacin Gemfibrozil Cholestyramine
Atorvastatin
A nurse is caring for a client who is about alteplase therapy to treat pulmonary embolism. Which of the following drugs should the nurse have available in the event of a severe adverse reaction? A.Vitamin K B. Aminocaproic Acid C.Protamine D.Deferoxamine
B. Aminocaproic Acid
A nurse is administering epoetin intravenously to a client who has renal failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Save the next vial for the next dose B.Administer via IV bolus over 1 to 3 min C. Shake the vial before using D. dilute the drug first with D5w
B.Administer via IV bolus over 1 to 3 min
A nurse is preparing to administer a prescribed dose of desmopressin to a client who has hemophilia A. The client's laboratory results indicate that the client has a sodium level of 130 mEq/L. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A.Administer the drug with an analgesic B.Clarify the prescription with the provider C.Administer the required orally D. assess factor IX levels
B.Clarify the prescription with the provider
A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia A and is about to begin taking desmopressin to prevent bleeding. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions?. A. Weigh loss B. Edema C. polyuria D.Bradycardia
B.Edema
A nurse is caring for a client who recently started alteplase therapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?A.Bronchodilaton B.Headache C.Edema D.Hypertension
B.Headache
Why is it important for nurses to educate patients on medication for hyperlipidemia to report symptoms of muscle soreness and/or weakness? Because of the risk of rhabdomyolysis Because of the risk of bone marrow depression Because of the risk of unpleasant side effects Because of the risk of hepatic toxicity
Because of the risk of rhabdomyolysis
Which of the following classes of medications for dyslipidemia are considered the safest? Niacin Fibric acid drugs HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors Bile acid sequestrants
Bile acid sequestrants
Which of the following side effects are common with iron replacement therapy? Clay colored stool Black stool Green stool Red bloody stool
Black stool
A nurse is monitoring a client following ferrous sulfate administration. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects? A. Phlebitis B. Dark, orange colored stools C. Constipation E. Injection site pain
C. Constipation
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking filgrastim to treat neutropenia. The nurse should assess the client for which of the following adverse effects?A. Dusky nail beds B. Petechiae C.Enlarged spleen D.Swollen calf
C.Enlarged spleen
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking folic acid to treat megaloblastic anemia. The nurse should monitor which of the following laboratory values to determine therapeutic effectiveness A. Creatinine clearance B. C- reactive protein C.Reticulocyte count D. Amylase level
C.Reticulocyte count
Peripheral edema is a side effect associated with which of the following classes of blood pressure medications? Calcium channel blockers Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors Thiazide diuretics Beta adrenergic antagonists
Calcium channel blockers
Which of the following classes of medications for dysrhythmia does not have a Black Box warning? Flecainide Sotalol Calcium channel blockers Potassium channel blockers
Calcium channel blockers
Which of the following are FDA indications for the use of a diuretic medication? Select all that apply. Cirrhosis Coronary Artery Disease Hypertension Pancreatitis Congestive Heart Failure
Cirrhosis Hypertension Pancreatitis Congestive Heart Failure
Which of the following medications is not classified as an anticoagulants? Rivaroxaban Heparin Clopidogrel Warfarin
Clopidogrel
Which of the following side effects is commonly associated with ACE Inhibitors? Fatigue GI upset Cough Peripheral edema
Cough
Which of the following medications would be used to treat pernicious anemia? Cyanocobalamin Ferrous sulfate Filgrastim Epoetin alpha
Cyanocobalamin
The nurse should be prepared to administer vitamin K in which of the following clinical scenarios? PT/INR of 5.0 PT/INR of 2.0 PT/INR of 3.0 PT/INR of 4.0
PT/INR of 5.0
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking ferrous sulfate to treat iron deficiency anemia and develops toxicity. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to use to treat this complication? A. Flumazenil B.Acetylcysteine C.Naloxone D.Deferoxamine
D.Deferoxamine
A nurse is teaching a client who is starting treatment with warfarin. The nurse should plan to include information on which of the following topics to promote the effectiveness of the drug?A.sleep modifications B. Fluids modifications C. Driving modifications D.Dietary modifications
D.Dietary modifications
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin factor VIII therapy to treat hemophilia A. When administering factor VIII, which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Administer the powdered form orally B. Premedication with aspirin C. Administer it via rapid IV bolus D.Have emergency equipment ready
D.Have emergency equipment ready
A nurse is caring for a client who is about to begin taking aspirin to reduce the risk of a cardiovascular event. The nurse should identify that the drug inhibits platelet aggregation by which of the following mechanisms? A.Activating thromboxane A2 B. Blocking Adenosine diphosphate receptor agonists C.Supressing specific clotting factors D.Inhibiting cyclooxygenase action in platelets
D.Inhibiting cyclooxygenase action in platelets
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking clopidogrel to prevent stent restenosis. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse reactions? A. Hyperuricemia B. Hyponatremia C. Lymphocytopenia D.Thrombocytopenia
D.Thrombocytopenia
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who has been taking warfarin and is experiencing rectal bleeding. Which of the following drugs should the nurse expect to administer to the client? A. Filgrastim B. Deferoxamine C. Protamine D.Vitamin K
D.Vitamin K
Which of the following medications used for non-insulin dependent diabetes also has an FDA indication for heart failure? Furosemide Lisinopril Dapagliflozin Digoxin
Dapagliflozin
Which of the following medications for heart failure is classified as a cardiac glycoside? Lisinopril Sildenafil Digoxin Sacubitril
Digoxin
Which of the following best represents the mechanism of action of diuretic medications? Diuretics block the reabsorption of water and sodium through the gastric mucosa. Diuretics block the reabsorption of water and sodium in the large intestine. Diuretics block the reabsorption of water and sodium in the dermis and epidermis. Diuretics block the reabsorption of water and sodium in the kidney.
Diuretics block the reabsorption of water and sodium in the kidney.
Which of the following medications is classified as a low molecular weight heparin? Enoxaparin Warfarin Heparin Apixaban
Enoxaparin
Which of the following is an important objective measure of the effectiveness of diuretic therapy? Patient temperature Patient's most recent lab results Patient weight Patient's fluid intake
Patient weight
Why is epinephrine effective in the treatment of shock and asystole? Epinephrine is a beta 1 agonist like dobutamine. Epinephrine stimulates the parasympathetic nervous system, increasing heart rate and blood pressure. Epinephrine is a beta 2 agonist like albuterol Epinephrine stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, increasing heart rate and blood pressure.
Epinephrine stimulates the sympathetic nervous system, increasing heart rate and blood pressure.
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for losartan to treat hypertension. The nurse should Instruct the client that which of the following findings could indicate an adverse reaction to the drug and needs to be reported? Facial edema Sleepiness Peripheral edema Constipation
Facial edema
Patients on dialysis need to follow which of the following dietary restrictions? Select all that apply. Fluid restriction Carbohydrate restriction Sodium restriction Calcium restriction Phosphorous restriction
Fluid restriction Sodium restriction Phosphorous restriction
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking amiodarone to treat atrial fibrillation. Which of the following should the nurse cliene taking this drug? Grapefruit juice Milk Foods high in vitamin K NSAIDs
Grapefruit juice
Match the anticoagulant to the correct reversal agent. Heparin Dabigatran Rivaroxiban Warfarin A. Idraucizumab B. Andexanet alpha C. Vitamin K D. Protamine
Heparin: protamine Dabigatran: Idarucizumab Rivaroxaban: Andexanet Alpha Warafarin:Vitamin K
Hydralazine Carvedilol Losartan Lisinopril Amlodipine A. Angiotensin receptor blocker B. Direct vasodilator C. Calcium channel blocker D. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor E. Beta blocker
Hydralazine: Direct vasodilator carvedilol: Beta blocker Losartan: Angiotensin Lisinopril: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor Amlodipine: Calcium channel blocker
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for aliskiren to treat hypertensionThe nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings as an adverse effect of the drug (Select all that apply.) Hyperkalemia Throat swelling Constipation Cough Joint pain
Hyperkalemia, throat swelling, cough.
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following manifestations is a potential adverse effect of this drug? Headache Constipation Hypertension Hyperglycemia
Hypertension
A nurse is administering hydrochlorothiazide to a client who has gouty arthritis The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that indicates an adverse effect of this drug? Hyperuricemia Hypernatremia Hyperkalemia Hypoglycemia
Hyperuricemia
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking carvedilol and has a prescription for an oral antidiabetic manage their new diagnosis of type diabetes mellitus. By taking both drugs concurrently, the nurse should Identity that the client is at an increased risk for which of the following conditions Hyperglycemia Bradycardia Hypotension Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia
A nurse is assessing a client who taking a loop diuretic and is experiencing a threadyirregular pulse orthostatic hypotensionand confus The nurse should identify that these manifestations Indicate which of the following adverse effects? Hypokalemia Hypoglycemia Hypouricemia Hyponatremia
Hypokalemia
Which of the following are common side effects associated with diuretic medications? Hyperkalemia and hyponatremia Hypokalemia and hyponatremia Hyperkalemia and hypernatremia Hypokalemia and hypernatremia
Hypokalemia and hyponatremia
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for verapamil to treat atrial fibrillation. The nurse should Instruct the client to avoid drinking grapefruit juice while taking verapamil because can cause the client to experience which of the following conditions Tachycardia Dehydration Diarrhea Hypotension
Hypotension
Which of the following drugs are considered nephrotoxic? Select all that apply. Prednisone Ibuprofen Amphotericin B Gentamycin Acetaminophen
Ibuprofen Amphotericin B Gentamycin
Which of the following is necessary for absorption of vitamin B12? Vitamin C Vitamin D Erythropoietin Intrinsic factor
Intrinsic factor
Which of the following anti-arrhythmic drugs are available only for intravenous administration? Amiodarone Sotalol Diltiazem Lidocaine
Lidocaine
What is the typical clinical indication for a patient who is prescribed filgrastim? Sickle cell anemia Pernicious anemia Anemia of chronic disease Low white blood cells related to chemotherapy
Low white blood cells related to chemotherapy
A nunes for who has a new prescription for dobutamine. The nurse should the prescription with the provider if client receiving which of the following types of drugs all that apply ACE inhibitor MAOI General anesthetic Tricyclic antidepressant Beta blocker
MAOI, general anesthetic, tricyclic antidepressant, beta blocker
Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer to a patient in anaphylactic shock? Select all that apply. Methylprednisolone Epinephrine Atropine Albuterol Diphenhydramine
Methylprednisolone Epinephrine Albuterol Diphenhydramine
Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering to a patient hospitalized for an acute MI? Select all that apply. Metoprolol Nitrate Aspirin Diuretic Cardiac glycoside
Metoprolol Nitrate Aspirin
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who taking simvastatin. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following manifestations as an indication of a serious adwerse reaction that could require discontinuing drug therapy. Bronchoconstriction Muscle pain Lip numbness Somnolence
Muscle pain
A nurse caring for a client who is taking atorvastatin and has a new prescription for gemfibrozil. nurse should recognize that this drug Combination places the cilent at increased risk for which of the following adverse effects? Myopathy Hypoglycemia Irregular pulse Kidney failure
Myopathy
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for propranolol to treat a tachydysthythmia. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following types of overthe-counter drugs while taking propranolol? Antihistamines Potassium supplements NSAIDs Vitamin C
NSAIDs
Which of the following medical problems could worsen if a patient with that problem is started on a diuretic medication? Pancreatic cancer Renal failure Coronary artery disease Nephrolithiasis
Nephrolithiasis
Which of the following classes of medications results in vasodilation of coronary arteries? Beta adrenergic blockers Nitrates Aspirin Calcium channel blockers
Nitrates
Antagonism of which neurotransmitter is responsible for the clinical effectiveness of alpha and beta adrenergic receptor blockers? Norepinephrine Dopamine Acetylcholine GABA
Norepinephrine
Which of the following medications for dyslipidemia would be contraindicated in a patient with a history of anaphylaxis with seafood or shellfish? Omega-3-acid ethyl esters (Lovaza) fenofibrate (Tricor) Lovastatin Cholestyramine (Questran)
Omega-3-acid ethyl esters (Lovaza)
Omega-3-acid ethyl esters (Lovaza) Rosuvastatin (Crestor) Ezetimibe (Zetia) Alirocumab (Praluent) A. Lowers elevated LDL B. Add on therapy for elevated LDL C. Lowers elevated triglycerides D. Familial hyperlipidemia with high LDL
Omega-3-acid ethyl esters (Lovaza): Lowers elevated triglycerides Rosuvastatin (Crestor): Lowers elevated LDL Ezetimibe (Zetia): Add on therapy for elevated LDL Alirocumab (Praluent): Familial hyperlipidemia with high LDL
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking spironolactone to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following client laboratory values requires immediate intervention? Sodium 140 mEq/L Potassium 5.2 mEq/L Chloride 100 mEq/L Magnesium 1.9 mEq/L
Potassium 5.2 mEq/L
Which of the following potential serious adverse events do all anti-arrhythmia drugs share? Nausea and vomiting Dizziness and headache Proarrhythmic effects Electrolyte disturbances
Proarrhythmic effects
A nurse should identify that which of the following drugs is used only for the short term treatment of a cardiac dysrhythmia because of the serious adverse effects associated with longterm use? Quinidine Procainamide Nitroglycerin Verapamil
Procainamide
A nurse is caring for a client who is taking a diuretic. The nurse should instruct the client to include which the following foods in their diet Increase potassium intake? Raisins Cabbage Cheese Eggs
Raisins
A nurse caring for a client who about to begin captopril therapy. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report because it can indicate a need to discontinue drug therapy? (Select all that apply) Rash Distorted taste Swelling of the tongue Photosensitivity Dry cough
Rash, distorted taste, swelling of tongue, dry cough
A nurse teaching a client who has a new prescription for gemfibrozil. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include(Select al that apply Take the drug with food. Report any new intolerance to fried foods. Report muscle tenderness. Expect periodic liver function testing. Take the drug once each day.
Report any new intolerance to fried foods. Report muscle tenderness. Expect periodic liver function testing.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a depressive disorder and requires a prescription drug to treat hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following antihypertensive drugs is contraindicated for this client Reserpine Captopril Hydralazine Eplerenone
Reserpine
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for verapamil. The nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider if the client has a history of which of the following conditions Migraine headaches Pancreatitis Second-degree AV block Angina pectoris
Second-degree AV block
Which of the following is a severe adverse event associated with both antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications? Minor bleeding Upset stomach Stevens-Johnson syndrome Severe bleeding
Severe bleeding
A nurse reviewing new prescriptions with a client who has heart disease. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following drugs is prescribed to treat hypercholesterolemia? Simvastatin Furosemide Losartan Nitroglycerin
Simvastatin (statin cholesterol)
A nurse is caring for a who has a filtration rate of 10mL / (min) and a reduced urine output. The nurse should clarify a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for this client because of which of the following characteristics of the drug? The drug can cause hypoglycemia in clients who have a low urine output. The drug does not reduce blood pressure for clients who have a low urine output. The drug can increase the risk of pulmonary edema for clients who have renal insufficiency. The drug does not promote diuresis for clients who have renal insufficiency.
The drug does not promote diuresis for clients who have renal insufficiency
Which of the following classes of diuretic medications is most commonly prescribed for the treatment of hypertension? Thiazide diuretics Loop diuretics Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor diuretics Osmotic diuretics
Thiazide diuretics
What class of medication does streptokinase belong in? Antiplatelet Thrombolytic Heparin Factor Xa inhibitor
Thrombolytic
What is the role of intravenous fluids (IVF) in the treatment of shock? To increase hemoglobin and hematocrit To preserve renal function To preserve neurological function To restore intravascular volume
To restore intravascular volume
A nurse should assess a client who has megaloblastic anemia for indications of which of the following vitamin deficiencies? Vitamin C Vitamin K Vitamin B12 Vitamin D
Vitamin B12
A nurse is monitoring a client who is undergoing anticoagulant therapy with heparin. Which of the following findings should nurse identify as a possible indication of hemorrhage? A.Pale -colored stools B. Yellowing of the sclera C.Rapid Pulse D. Elevated blood pressure
c. rapid pulse
A nurse is reviewing the medication record of a client who is receiving alteplase following an acute myocardial infarction (MI). Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the client to be taking in addition to the alteplase? A. Protamine B. Desmopressin C. Ferrous Sulfate D.Heparin
heparin
