ATI reading

figurative language (craft and structure)

Language that cannot be taken literally since it was written to create a special effect or feeling.

purpose (craft and structure)

One's intention or objective in a speech or piece of writing.

audience

One's listener or readership; those to whom a speech or piece of writing is addressed.

classified advertisement (key ideas and details)

Text formatted promotion used in print or internet media. Inexpensive and can be managed through email. I.e. Craigslist

problem-solution text structure (craft and structure)

The author states a problem and lists or suggests one or more possible fixes to the particular problem

denotative (craft and structure)

The dictionary definition of a word

connotative (craft and structure)

The interpretive level of a word based on associated images rather than the literal meaning

descriptive text (craft and structure)

This type of text creates a clear picture through the use of vivid word choices. The purpose is to help a reader see, experience, or understand the selection by the use of sensory details. contains many adjectives and adverbs

synthesis of research

To meet challenge of keeping up with the vast amount of evidence, it is important to organize and sort the data to fully answer the clinical question.

expression of feelings (craft and structure)

When an author intends to express feelings, he or she may use expressive and bold language. An author may write with emotion for any number of reasons. Sometimes, authors will express feelings because they are describing a personal situation of great pain or happiness. "i felt" "i sensed"

footnotes and endnotes (craft and structure)

When using the MLA style, position explanatory notes either at the bottom of the page as __________ or at the end of the research paper as ____________.

appeal to emotion

You attempted to manipulate an emotional response in place of a valid or compelling argument.

Similar themes across cultures

a brief study of world literature suggests that writers from vastly different cultures address similar themes. battle for self control and independence. personal growth and the struggle for maturity. conflict between individual and society.

pie chart

a chart that shows the relationship of a part to a whole

fact and opinion (craft and structure)

a fact can be proved; an opinion is a belief and can not be supported by proof or evidence

metaphor (craft and structure)

a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. not using like or as.

line graph

a graph that uses one or more lines to show changes in statistics over time or space

primary sources (integration of knowledge and ideas)

a primary source is the documentary evidence closest to the subject being studied. i.e. primary> photographs of birds, recordings, amounts of people who studied birds

directly stated information (key ideas and details)

a reader should always be drawing conclusions from the text. Sometimes conclusions are implied from written information, and other times the information is stated directly within the passage

dictionary entry

a segment of text in a dictionary that contains all the information about a word-spelling, syllables, pronunciations, definitions

cause and effect (craft and structure)

an act or event that makes something happen, and the thing that happens as a result of the cause.

index (craft and structure)

an alphabetical listing of names and topics along with page numbers where they are discussed

counter arguments

an argument or set of reasons put forward to oppose an idea or theory developed in another argument.

predictions (integration of knowledge and ideas)

an educated guess about what is going to happen next in a story

themes in print and other sources

an issue, idea, or a question raised

posted announcement (key ideas and details)

announcement for all sorts of occasions. Many people are familiar with notices for lost pets, yard sales, and landscaping services.

differences in addressing themes in various cultures and genres

authors from different genres and cultures may address similar themes, but they do so in different ways.

drawing conclusions (integration of knowledge and ideas)

combining information from a story with information from your own experience to understand the real meaning of what an author has written

journal articles

descriptions of studies published in professional journals

scale readings of standard measurement instruments (key ideas and details)

e.g. reading units on a ruler

usefulness

evaluate whether an article is relevant to one's own research topic

text evidence

evidence from the reading selection that proves the answer to a question about the text.

legend or key (key ideas and details)

explains what the symbols on a map represent

evaluating an argument

his or her goal is not to win or have the last word. instead, authors want to reveal current understanding of the question at hand an suggest a solution to a problem.

table of contents (craft and structure)

located in the front and tells you units, chapters, headings, and pg numbers

date

many fields are constantly changing, so research must be as current as possible. in areas with new research breakthroughs, some articles are not up to date

informative text (craft and structure)

nonfiction text in which the author presents information about a specific subject

events in a sequence (key ideas and details)

order in which things happen

organizing information

organizing info effectively is an important part of research. the data must be organized in a useful manner so that it can be effectively used. three basic ways to organize information are. 1. spatial organization 2. chronological organization 3. logical organization

inferences (key ideas and details)

piece of information that is implied but not written outright by the author. after the final out of the inning, the fans were filled with joy and rushed the field. we can infer baseball game and team won the game.

authority

research sources should be authoritative, written by experts affiliated with academic institutions

internet sources (integration of knowledge and ideas)

sources of information online but proceed with caution. best to find sources affiliated with established institutions, such as universities, public libraries, and think tanks.

length

the citation states an articles number of pages an indication of its research utility

expository passage (craft and structure)

the passage is nonfiction and usually centers around a simple, easily defined topic. goal is to teach and be clear as possible. by reading actively, you will ensure a good habit of focus when reading a passage (factual) (historical) *if you see numbers percentages anything with numbers

implication (key ideas and details)

things that the author does not state directly, but readers can assume based on what the author does say. i stepped outside and opened my umbrella. by the time i got to work, the cuffs of my pants were soaked. basically it was raining.

paraphrase (key ideas and details)

to restate in other words

Topics and main ideas (key ideas and details)

topic is the subject of a text usually expressed in a few words. The main idea is the most important point being made by the author and usually can be defined in a sentence. (thesis statement usually first paragraph in the last sentence)

italics (craft and structure)

used to emphasize important words, phrases, and sentences in a text

credibility

when the text is credible, or believable, when the author is knowledgeable and objective, or unbiased when supporting an aruguement

persuasive writing (craft and structure)

writing that attempts to convince the reader or listener to adopt a particular opinion or course of action. when authors attempt to persuade readers, they often present their opinions as if they are facts.

technical passage (craft and structure)

written to describe a complex object or process; common in medical and technological fields

Identifying a logical conclusion (key ideas and details)

(making an inference) combine information given by the text with what the reader already knows to make a supportable assertion

Headings and Subheadings (craft and structure)

*Heading:* Title, bold, larger than sub. *Subheadings*: Title of a subdivision of information with larger text. Bold, but smaller than heading.

persuasive passage

-supporting details: may use specific facts and data, or it may detail specific reasons for the author's opinion (lots of opinion words)

Narrative Passage (craft and structure)

-will have supporting details--the specific things the author says to develop the story and the characters (fiction or nonfiction) (personal story) (dialogue in quotes)

logical organization

1. illustrations 2. definitions 3. dividing or classifying information 4. comparing 5. cause and effect 6. problem and solution

source

A book, article, person, or other resource consulted for information.

simile (craft and structure)

A comparison using "like" or "as"

personification (craft and structure)

A figure of speech in which an object or animal is given human feelings, thoughts, or attitudes "tree groans in the wind"

memorandum (key ideas and details)

A form on which a brief message is written to describe a transaction. Also a document

bar graph

A graph that uses horizontal or vertical bars to display data

information specialists

A library employee who helps patrons find information

comparison and contrast (craft and structure)

A mode of discourse in which two or more things are compared and contrasted. Comparison often refers to similarities, contrast to differences.

foreshadowing (integration of knowledge and ideas)

A narrative device that hints at coming events; often builds suspense or anxiety in the reader.

Author's Position (craft and structure)

An author's position is his or her opinion on an issue or topic

biases and stereotypes (craft and structre)

Biases are unfair/inaccurate and author ignores reasonable counterargument. Stereotypes are applied specifically to a group or place

bold text and underlining (craft and structure)

Bold text indicates importance. Underlining serves a similar purpose. It is often used to suggest emphasis. However, underlining is also used on occasion beneath the titles of books, magazines, and works of art

supporting details ( key ideas and details)

Details that support the main idea

Topic and Summary Sentences (key ideas and details)

Encapsulate main idea of text (beginning of each section) (summary=first sentence of last paragraph) (topic=first sentence of first paragraph)

Entertaining Texts (craft and structure)

Entertaining texts may be either fiction or nonfiction, and they may describe real or imagined people, places, and events. Entertaining texts are often narratives or poems. A text that is written to entertain is likely to contain colorful language that engages the imagination and the emotions.

summarize (key ideas and details)

First, should accurately define the main idea of the passage. then should be continued by laying out the most important supporting details or aruguments from the passage.