ATMS

In which layer of the atmosphere is the "ozone layer" found? Select one: a. Troposphere b. Stratosphere c. Mesosphere d. Thermosphere e. Ionosphere

b. Stratosphere

How fast must the sustained winds be in a tropical cyclone for it to be classified as a hurricane? Select one: a. 24 kts (28 mph) b. 34 kts (39 mph) c. 44 kts (51 mph) d. 54 kts (62 mph) e. 64 kts (74 mph) f. Sustained winds are not used to classify hurricanes.

e. 64 kts (74 mph)

What is the local time in Champaign, IL on Feb 1, 2011 when it is 17 UTC (Coordinated Universal Time) on Feb 1, 2011? Select one: a. 11 AM b. 12 PM c. 11 PM d. 5 PM e. 5 AM

a. 11 AM

If a radar were to measure a radar reflectivity value of 47 dBZ from a storm that remained stationary over a location for 3 hours, how much precipitation would have fallen from this storm in inches? (Hint: Use Fig 2.9 on page 27 in the 4th edition of the textbook, or this chart is in the video lectures.) Select one: a. 3.9" b. 5.2" c. 6" d. 7.5" e. none of the above. The radar system cannot measure the total amount of rain falling from a storm.

a. 3.9"

Which two layers of the atmosphere have temperature warming with height? Select one: a. Stratosphere and thermosphere b. Mesosphere and thermosphere c. Troposphere and thermosphere d. Troposphere and stratosphere e. Mesosphere and troposphere

a. Stratosphere and thermosphere

True or False: Water is the only substance in the atmosphere that naturally exists in all three phases (solid, liquid and gas). Select one: a. True b. False

a. True

If this tropical cyclone were in the northern Pacific Ocean near Japan, what would meteorologists call this tropical cyclone? Select one: a. Typhoon b. Severe Cyclone Storm c. Hurricane d. Tropical Depression e. Tropical Storm

a. Typhoon

What is the surface air pressure in Lincoln, IL at the weather balloon launch site? Select one: a. 1013.25 mb b. 1000 mb c. 975 mb d. 825 mb e. 750 mb

c. 975 mb

At what stage in tropical cyclone development is a name assigned? Select one: a. Tropical Disturbance b. Tropical Depression c. Tropical Storm d. Hurricane

c. Tropical Storm

From the information given below, which city has the highest vapor pressure AND the highest amount of moisture in the air? Chicago, IL: T = 45°F, Td = 32°F; Memphis, TN: T = 62°F, Td = 39°F; Minneapolis, MN: T = 29°F, Td = 28°F; San Antonio, TX: T = 89°F, Td = 42°F Select one: a. Chicago, IL b. Memphis, TN c. Minneapolis, MN d. San Antonio, TX

d. San Antonio, TX

True or False: Right now, the Sun is not shining on the North Pole. Select one: True False

False

The lowest recorded sea-level pressure was measured in a typhoon. Select one: True False

True

The troposphere is the layer of the atmosphere that is closest to the Earth. This layer contains all of the world's weather and the air temperature within this layer decreases with height. True or False: The depth of the troposphere is greatest over the tropics and least over the polar regions. Select one: True False

True

True or False: After a large hurricane passes over the open ocean, the sea surface temperature is often reduced in its wake. Select one: True False

True

True or False: On days that it is really windy, the pressure gradient is large.

True

True or False: The global average surface air temperature is 59F. Select one: True False

True

Examine the map below that shows mean sea-level pressure. The white lines are isobars, which represent lines of constant pressure. Within which state would you expect the fastest winds given the behavior of the isobars on this map?

Where the isobars are the closest (New Mexico)

Using the graph in Question #2, what is the pressure at the tropopause for this particular sounding? Select one: a. 190 mb b. 390 mb c. 590 mb d. 790 mb e. 990 mb

a. 190 mb

When this hurricane hit the United States, it did so at Category 5 strength. This would make it the _____ time in the last 100 years that a Cat 5 hurricane has made landfall at Cat 5 strength in the United States. Select one: a. 4th b. 1st c. 10th d. 21st e. 45th

a. 4th

What is the wind speed at 600 mb over Lincoln, IL? Select one: a. 50 kts b. 70 kts c. 80 kts d. 25 kts e. 95 kts

a. 50 kts

In which typical latitude range do tropical cyclones like this typically form? Select one: a. 5° N and 30° N b. 0° N and 15° N c. 5° S and 5° N d. 90° N and 65° N e. 90° W and 180° W

a. 5° N and 30° N

Which city would you expect to have the largest yearly range in air temperature? City A: 5°S City B: 15°N City C: 39°N City D: 60°N Select one: a. City D b. City A c. City B d. City C

a. City D

When this tropical cyclone hit near Houston, Texas, the governor of Texas issued a mandatory evacuation. The mayor then mandated that all major roadways near Houston have only outbound traffic, with the exception of an emergency lane. What do we call this procedure? Select one: a. Contraflow b. Reverse Cycling c. Anticyclone Trafficking d. Converse Transport

a. Contraflow

In which direction are the winds circulating around this tropical cyclone? Select one: a. Counterclockwise b. Clockwise c. Tropical cyclones do not have winds that circulate

a. Counterclockwise

Why is the surface pressure always lower in Denver, CO when compared to New York City, NY? Select one: a. Denver is roughly 1 mile above sea level while New York City is at sea level and because pressure decreases rapidly with height, Denver will always have lower surface pressure. b. New York City's proximity to the Atlantic Ocean dramatically affects the surface pressure by promoting the development of semi-permanent surface high-pressure systems. c. The effects of gravity are about half as strong in Denver due to its much higher altitude, which dramatically decreases the pressure there. d. Denver's position along the Front Range of the Rocky Mountains means that the temperatures there are often much colder when compared to New York City, which significantly reduces the surface pressure.

a. Denver is roughly 1 mile above sea level while New York City is at sea level and because pressure decreases rapidly with height, Denver will always have lower surface pressure.

This hurricane was steered by the trade winds. In which direction do the trade winds typical blow? Select one: a. East to West b. North to South c. West to East

a. East to West

Does the air temperature increase or decrease with altitude in the stratosphere? Select one: a. Increase b. Decrease c. Neither. The air temperature remains constant in the troposphere.

a. Increase

It is 2013 and the 10th named cyclone of the season has just formed in the Atlantic Ocean. What is its name? Select one: a. Jerry b. Joyce c. Karen d. Bret e. We do not know yet what its name will be as the name list has not been made yet.

a. Jerry

This tropical cyclone reached Cuba on October 29. Is this an early season, mid-season or late season tropical cyclone? Select one: a. Late Season b. Early Season c. Mid-Season

a. Late Season

Which of the following cities would have the highest measured air pressure? Miami, FL (1 meter in elevation) Champaign, IL (293 meters in elevation) Albuquerque, MN (1490 meters in elevation) Lake Tahoe, CA (1897 meters in elevation) Pikes Peak, CO (4300 meters in elevation) Select one: a. Miami, FL b. Champaign, IL c. Albuquerque, NM d. Lake Tahoe, CA e. Pikes Peak, CO

a. Miami, FL

From the list below, select the gas which is NOT a trace gas in the Earth's atmosphere. Select one: a. Nitrogen b. Argon c. Methane d. Carbon Dioxide e. Ozone f. Water Vapor

a. Nitrogen

A hurricane in the Northern Hemisphere is moving to the northwest from the southeast. On which side of the hurricane would you expect the fastest winds? Select one: a. Northeast b. Southeast c. Northwest d. East e. South

a. Northeast

Examine the image below. Why is the left hand side of this image dark? Select one: a. The Sun has yet to rise on the western half of this image. b. This is a half visible and half infrared satellite image. c. The dark part is created by a lunar eclipse. d. The satellite's solar panel is blocking the field of view of the satellite. e. The satellite channel was experiencing technical difficulties and was only able to scan half of the Earth.

a. The Sun has yet to rise on the western half of this image.

Why does turning on the car's defroster remove fog from the windshield? Select one: a. The warm air from the vents increases the saturation vapor pressure of the air in the car while the dry air decreases the vapor pressure. Both process work to lower the relative humidity. b. The added pressure to the inside of the windshield from the air in the vents causes the fog to evaporate. c. The cold air from the vents cools the windshield which decreases the saturation vapor pressure. This promotes evaporation of the fog off the window by raising the relative humidity. d. The lower temperature air from the vents increases the relative humidity. This will force the water vapor that has deposited on the mirror to evaporate.

a. The warm air from the vents increases the saturation vapor pressure of the air in the car while the dry air decreases the vapor pressure. Both process work to lower the relative humidity.

What is the primary function of satellite observations on Earth? Select one: a. To observe clouds and the Earth's surface b. To observe the intensity and location of precipitation

a. To observe clouds and the Earth's surface

At which of the following locations would you measure the lowest air pressure? Select one: a. Top of Mt. Everest (29,028 ft) b. Coors Field in Denver (5280 ft) c. Top of C-Section in Assembly Hall (805 ft) d. Lake Shore Drive in Chicago, IL (597 ft) e. Times Square in New York City (15 ft)

a. Top of Mt. Everest (29,028 ft)

On a summer day in Las Vegas, NV the temperature reached 105°F with a dew point temperature of 29°F. Across the country in Miami, FL the temperature also reached 105°F with a dew point temperature of 72°F. True or False: It would be much easier to stay cool by sweating in Las Vegas than in Tampa. Select one: a. True b. False c. Sweating would work just as well to cool you off in both locations.

a. True

True or False: Doppler radar can measure both the intensity of the precipitation and the wind speed and direction? Select one: a. True b. False

a. True

True or False: Hurricane Katrina does not make the list of the top 10 deadliest Atlantic hurricanes. Select one: a. True b. False

a. True

Below is a picture of the track of this tropical cyclone. Is this a typical track or an atypical track? Select one: a. Typical b. Atypical c. There is no such thing as a "typical hurricane track." Hurricane tracks are random by definition.

a. Typical

What is the name of the instrument used to measure air pressure? Select one: a. barometer b. bathroom scale c. thermostat d. psychrometer e. hygrometer f. thermometer

a. barometer

If a large hurricane was approaching your location, would you expect the readings on your barometer to increase or decrease as the hurricane got closer and closer? Select one: a. decrease b. increase c. stay the same

a. decrease

Which of the following two variables is the strength of the radar echo proportional to? Select one: a. the size and number of raindrops b. the air temperature and pressure c. the air pressure and total water content d. the water vapor content and relative humidity

a. the size and number of raindrops

Which type of satellite is useless for meteorologists at 3AM? Select one: a. visible satellite imagery b. infrared satellite imagery c. water vapor imagery

a. visible satellite imagery

Using the graph in Question #2, what is the dewpoint temperature at 500 mb? Select one: a. -16°C b. -20°C c. -31°C d. -12°C e. 0°C

b. -20°C

If the Doppler radar is measuring an echo of 41 dBZ, what is the corresponding rainfall rate? Select one: a. 0.01 inches per hour b. 0.5 inches per hour c. 2.5 inches per hour d. 5 inches per hour e. Doppler radar does not give information on the rainfall rate, only the intensity of the precipitation.

b. 0.5 inches per hour

Which of the following represents standard sea-level pressure? Select one: a. none of the above b. 1013.25 mb c. 10.1325 mb d. 101325 mb e. 101.325 mb

b. 1013.25 mb

Shown below is data displayed on a Stuve diagram. Answer the next four questions using this diagram. What is the surface air temperature? a. 6°C b. 11°C c. 9°C d. 6°F e. 1000 mb

b. 11°C

Check out figure 1.10 on page 12. What time of day experiences the highest relative humidity? Select one: a. Midnight b. 6AM c. 6PM d. noon

b. 6AM

What is the fastest wind observed by this rawinsonde? Select one: a. 50 kts b. 95 kts c. 135 kts d. 145 kts e. 55 kts

b. 95 kts

What is significant about the temperature of -40C? Select one: a. -40C is the coldest temperature water can reach. b. At this temperature, both the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales match. c. At this temperature, clouds and precipitation begin to form d. -40C is the coldest observed air temperature on Earth.

b. At this temperature, both the Fahrenheit and Celsius scales match.

If it is midwinter in Chicago, IL and the surface pressure falls to 990 mb, what type of general weather conditions would you expect? Select one: a. Clear skies with light winds and generally fair weather conditions b. Cloudy skies with precipitation and generally inclement weather c. It is impossible to estimate what the weather conditions will be based on pressure alone.

b. Cloudy skies with precipitation and generally inclement weather

Examine Figure 24.1 on Page 445. Over which ocean have the most tropical cyclones tracked between the years 1985 and 2005? Select one: a. Atlantic Ocean b. Eastern Pacific c. Western Pacific d. Indian Ocean e. South Pacific Ocean

b. Eastern Pacific

As the sun rises and the air temperature increases, what typically happens to the relative humidity? (Assume the dewpoint temperature remains constant.) Select one: a. It will increase. b. It will decrease. c. It will stay the same. d. It will oscillate between extremely high and low values. e. Relative humidity has no relationship to temperature.

b. It will decrease.

Which of the following gases is the second most abundant gas in the Earth's atmosphere? Select one: a. Nitrogen (N2) b. Oxygen (O2) c. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) d. Water Vapor (H2O) e. Ozone (O3)

b. Oxygen (O2)

Why are there no tropical cyclones between 5° N and 5° S? Select one: a. The pressure gradient force is nonexistent near the Equator. b. The Coriolis force is too small near the Equator to have any effect on the circulation of the tropical cyclone. c. Surface friction, with the relatively calm waters near the Equator, inhibit the growth of a tropical cyclone. d. Tropical cyclones do exist between 5° N and 5° S, and they frequently cross the Equator from one hemisphere to the other.

b. The Coriolis force is too small near the Equator to have any effect on the circulation of the tropical cyclone.

Which of the following is not true about rawinsondes (weather balloons)? Select one: a. The instruments are designed to take measurements throughout the depth of the troposphere. b. They are launched twice daily at noon and midnight local time c. The balloons typically pop in the stratosphere. d. They collect the air temperature, dewpoint temperature, pressure, wind speed and direction as a function of height in the atmosphere.

b. They are launched twice daily at noon and midnight local time

True or False: An object that has a high albedo will appear bright on a visible image. Select one: a. False b. True

b. True

True or False: Evaporation is a cooling process. Select one: a. False b. True

b. True

In which of the following phase changes is heat released during the phase change? Select one: a. sublimation b. condensation c. evaporation d. melting

b. condensation

Below are two images of a supercell thunderstorm taken by radar at the same time. One the left is a radar reflectivity image and on the right is a radial velocity image. Supercell thunderstorms rotate violently and frequently produce tornadoes. Using the images below, what direction is this storm rotating? (Focus on the white circle and pay attention to the location of the radar.) Select one: a. clockwise b. counterclockwise

b. counterclockwise

It is hurricane season but this is the only time of the year that your family can take a vacation cruise! Which of the following locations is the only location where you could safely cruise without fear of being hit by a hurricane? Select one: a. "East Australian Current Cruise Adventure". This cruise departs from Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, and arrives in Brisbane, Australia, featuring the characters of Finding Nemo. b. "Pirates Bounty Cruise Party." This cruise departs from Miami, Florida, and cruises through all of the islands of the Caribbean, featuring destinations seen in the Pirates of the Caribbean. c. "Anchovy Coastal Cruise Celebration." This cruise departs from San Jose, Costa Rica, and cruises along the western shores of the South American coastline, where anchovies are harvested from the ocean. Final destination is the city of Santiago, Chile. d. "Eastern Asia Cruise Experience." This cruise departs from Nha Trang, Vietnam, and visits the Philippines before reaching its final destination of Taiwan. Robin Williams will be your cruise director. e. "Brown Cloud Express." This cruise departs from Los Angeles, where cruisers can view the pollution over LA before they set off for the Baja of California. Final destination is Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. f. "Madagascar Coastal Getaway." This cruise will travel the periphery of the island of Madagascar for eight days while Disney's Madagascar animated movie plays continuously in your state room.

c. "Anchovy Coastal Cruise Celebration." This cruise departs from San Jose, Costa Rica, and cruises along the western shores of the South American coastline, where anchovies are harvested from the ocean. Final destination is the city of Santiago, Chile.

In 2008, Hurricane Ike hit the Texas coastline near Houston. Ike's total damage cost to date is $38.4 billion. Where does Ike rank in the top 10 most costly hurricanes to hit the United States? Select one: a. #1 b. #2 c. #3 d. #4 e. #6 f. #9

c. #3

Below is a sounding that shows rawinsonde data collected in Lincoln, IL. What is the surface dew point temperature in Lincoln, IL at the weather balloon launch site? Select one: a. 27°C b. -10°C c. 12°C d. 20°C e. 15°C

c. 12°C

How much does the air weigh within a column that is 1 square inch in area that extends from sea level all the way to the top of the atmosphere? Select one: a. 0 lbs b. 2.4 lbs c. 14.7 lbs d. 29.9 lbs e. 1013.25 lbs

c. 14.7 lbs

If the temperature outside is 100°F, what is the equivalent temperature in Celsius? Select one: a. 100°C b. 50°C c. 38°C d. 22°C e. 212°C

c. 38°C

If the surface air pressure is 1000 mb and the pressure at the top of the atmosphere (75 km) is 0 mb, at what altitude would I find half of the atmosphere air pressure? Select one: a. 16 km b. 37.5 km c. 5.5 km d. 1.5 km e. 9 km

c. 5.5 km

Check out the satellite images of the Earth on Page 39 in Figure 2.16. Which of the following is not true about the satellites that took these images? Select one: a. The orbit in which this satellite took these images is called a geostationary orbit. b. The satellite that took these images is roughly 36,000 km away from Earth. c. All of these images are made using visible satellite channels. d. Images like these are available every 15 minutes from these satellites.

c. All of these images are made using visible satellite channels.

What do meteorologists call the hurricane "trigger mechanism" that often sparks hurricane development off the west coast of Africa? Select one: a. Convergent Vortices b. Cold Waves c. Easterly Waves d. Warm Conveyor Belt e. Subtropical High Pressure Systems

c. Easterly Waves

Forecasters are predicting a moderate El Niño to be forming during the 2011 Atlantic hurricane season. What should we prepare for? Select one: a. More rainfall from the hurricanes b. No change since El Niño has little or no impact on the hurricane season. c. Fewer hurricanes than normal d. Less intense hurricanes e. More hurricanes than normal

c. Fewer hurricanes than normal

Below is an image that shows the locations of all satellite currently in orbit. In what type of orbit are the satellites highlighted with arrows that form a ring around the middle of the Earth? Select one: a. Polar Orbit b. Global Orbit c. Geostationary Orbit d. Outer-Earth Orbit e. Low-Earth Orbit

c. Geostationary Orbit

From the information given below, which city has the highest relative humidity? Chicago, IL: T = 45°F, Td = 32°F; Memphis, TN: T = 62°F, Td = 39°F; Minneapolis, MN: T = 29°F, Td = 28°F; San Antonio, TX: T = 89°F, Td = 42°F Select one: a. Chicago, IL b. Memphis, TN c. Minneapolis, MN d. San Antonio,TX

c. Minneapolis, MN

Given the temperatures and dew point temperatures for the following four cities, which city has the highest relative humidity? New York City, NY: Temperature = 66°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 53°F Nashville, TN: Temperature =81°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 68°F Rapid City, SD: Temperature = 34°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 33°F Tampa, FL: Temperature = 98°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 63°F Select one: a. New York City, NY b. Nashville, TN c. Rapid City, SD d. Tampa, FL

c. Rapid City, SD

In these two layers of the atmosphere, the air temperature decreases with increasing altitude. Select one: a. Stratosphere and Mesosphere b. Mesosphere and Thermosphere c. Troposphere and Mesosphere d. Thermosphere and Stratosphere e. Troposphere and Thermosphere

c. Troposphere and Mesosphere

If a hurricane season runs out of names on the name list, what is the contingency plan? Select one: a. Start over with the names from the current year. b. The WMO (World Meteorological Organization) simply chooses new names for each new hurricane. c. Use the letters in the Greek alphabet. d. Use the names for the next season, beginning with "A." e. Use an alphanumeric system beginning with "Hurricane A1."

c. Use the letters in the Greek alphabet.

Which of the following is true with respect to air temperature? Select one: a. Air temperature is a measure of maximum speed of all the air molecules. b. The Fahrenheit temperature scale is widely used around the world as the standard temperature scale. Warm air rises because it is less dense than cold air. c. Warm air rises because it is less dense than cold air. d. The barometer is the primary instrument used to measure air temperature. e. The temperature of the air always decreases with height in the Earth's atmosphere.

c. Warm air rises because it is less dense than cold air.

If you were standing at sea level and you held out your hand, how much would atmosphere weigh on one square inch of your hand? Select one: a. approximately 0.25 lbs b. approximately 14 ounces c. approximately 15 lbs d. approximately 1013 lbs e. nothing - air has no mass

c. approximately 15 lbs

What would the air pressure be at an altitude where 50 percent of the atmospheric mass is above you and 50 percent is below you? Select one: a. ~ 1000 mb b. ~ 850 mb c. ~ 500 mb d. ~ 300 mb e. ~ 50 mb

c. ~ 500 mb

If it is 10AM in Champaign, IL during Central Standard Time, what time is it in UTC? (Remember UTC uses a 24 hour clock) Select one: a. 4 UTC b. 10 UTC c. 15 UTC d. 16 UTC e. 5 UTC

d. 16 UTC

Which of the following represents a typical diameter for a mature hurricane? Select one: a. 50 miles b. 5 miles c. 5,000 miles d. 500 miles

d. 500 miles

Using the graph in Question #2, what is the dewpoint temperature at the surface (ground level)? Select one: a. 10°C b. 3°C c. 0°C d. 7°C e. -3°C

d. 7°C

When Hurricane Opal (1995) reached its peak intensity, it had sustained winds of 150 mph. What category on the Saffir-Simpson scale would it have been at its peak? Select one: a. Category 0 b. Category 5 c. Category 2 d. Category 4 e. Category 1

d. Category 4

If a cloud appears bright white on an infrared satellite image (indicating that it is very cold), where is it likely located in the troposphere? Select one: a. Near the surface of the earth (like a fog) b. In the lower levels of the troposphere (like a stratus cloud) c. In the mid-levels of the troposphere (like an altocumulus cloud) d. In the upper levels of the troposphere (like a thick, cumulonimbus thunderstorm cloud)

d. In the upper levels of the troposphere (like a thick, cumulonimbus thunderstorm cloud)

Using the information below, which city has the lowest relative humidity? New Orleans, LA --> Temperature = 89°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 66°F; Chicago, IL --> Temperature = 72°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 55°F; Helena, MT --> Temperature = 39°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 38°F; Las Vegas, NV --> Temperature = 104°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 39°F Select one: a. New Orleans, LA b. Chicago, IL c. Helana, MT d. Las Vegas, NV

d. Las Vegas, NV

At what wavelength of the electromagnetic spectrum does the Doppler radar use to measure precipitation? Select one: a. Ultraviolet b. Visible c. Infrared d. Microwave e. Radio wave

d. Microwave

Which of the following is not true about the Earth's seasons? Select one: a. If the tilt of the Earth on its axis were to increase to 40 degrees instead of 23.5 degrees, the Tropic of Cancer's latitude would also increase from 23.5N to 40N. b. During Fall and Winter in the Northern Hemisphere, the Sun does not rise at the North Pole. c. During an equinox, every location on Earth has 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. d. On June 21st, the summer solstice, the Sun's rays are directly overhead at noon everywhere in the Northern Hemisphere.

d. On June 21st, the summer solstice, the Sun's rays are directly overhead at noon everywhere in the Northern Hemisphere.

Given the temperatures and dew point temperatures for the following four cities, which city has the highest saturation vapor pressure? New York City, NY: Temperature = 66°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 53°F Nashville, TN: Temperature =81°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 68°F Rapid City, SD: Temperature = 34°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 33°F Tampa, FL: Temperature = 98°F, Dewpoint Temperature = 63°F Select one: a. New York City, NY b. Nashville, TN c. Rapid City, SD d. Tampa, FL

d. Tampa, FL

Which of the following statements best describes why the Earth has seasons? Select one: a. The Earth is farther from the Sun during the Northern Hemisphere summer than it is in the Northern Hemisphere winter. b. The energy output from the Sun fluctuates on an annual cycle, with the maximum amount of energy hitting the Earth in summer and the minimum amount arriving in winter. c. Global ocean currents are in a cycle such that the cold currents are most prominent in winter. Due to the fact that they cover 71 percent of the Earth, this change in the ocean currents leads to a cooling effect in the winter months. d. The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees so that the Northern Hemisphere has less direct sunlight in winter and more direct sunlight in summer.

d. The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of 23.5 degrees so that the Northern Hemisphere has less direct sunlight in winter and more direct sunlight in summer.

Within what layer of the atmosphere does the rawinsonde (weather balloon) primarily measure the vertical profile of temperature, dew point temperature, pressure, and winds? Select one: a. Thermosphere b. Stratosphere c. Mesosphere d. Troposphere e. Ionosphere

d. Troposphere

Which of the following statements is not true about the relative humidity. Select one: a. the relative humidity is "relative" to the air temperature. b. When the relative humidity is 100%, the temperature equals the dewpoint temperature and the saturation vapor pressure equals the vapor pressure. c. If the dewpoint temperature is close to the air temperature, the relative humidity will be close to 100% d. a location with a high air temperature must have a high relative humidity.

d. a location with a high air temperature must have a high relative humidity.

Which phase of water (solid, liquid or gas) does water have its highest density? Select one: a. gas b. all three phases have the same density c. ice d. liquid

d. liquid

At what pressure level would you find the tropopause on this sounding? a. 1013.25 mb b. 850 mb c. 750 mb d. 600 mb e. 250 mb

e. 250 mb

How many time zones are there is the continental US (excluding Hawaii and Alaska)? Select one: a. 6 b. 3 c. 1 d. 5 e. 4

e. 4

Check out figure 1.9 on page 11. Which air temperature has the highest saturation vapor pressure? Select one: a. 0°C b. 30°C c. 10°C d. 20°C e. 40°C

e. 40°C

Which of the following cities would have the smallest variation in temperature throughout the year? (Hint: Use Google to find their locations. Also, each of these cities is at roughly the same latitude so do not use the difference in latitude to assess which city has the smallest variation in temperature throughout the year.) Select one: a. Charleston, SC b. Memphis, TN c. Oklahoma City, OK d. Albuquerque, NM e. Los Angeles, CA

e. Los Angeles, CA

Which of the following statements is not true about hurricane names? Select one: a. During a typical year, 10 names are used off the list. b. The list for the North Atlantic Basin is only 21 names long with Q, U, X, Y and Z left off this list. c. The list of names repeats every seventh year. d. The names alternate between male and female. e. The names are English, German, and Italian in origin.

e. The names are English, German, and Italian in origin.

Which of the following statements would explain why a hurricane did not develop from a cluster of thunderstorms in August? Select one: a. The projected path of the storms took them over the warm waters between Cuba and Mexico. b. The location of the cluster of storms was 12° N, near the Lesser Antilles. c. The water temperature 200 feet below the surface was warmer than normal for this time of year. d. The sea surface temperature was 83° F. e. The wind speed of the air around the hurricane increased substantially with height.

e. The wind speed of the air around the hurricane increased substantially with height.

Between which two pressure levels did this balloon pass through a cloud? (1 pt) a. ~925 mb to 860 mb b. ~ 750 mb to 625 mb c. ~400 mb to 300 mb d. There is no way of telling. e. This rawinsonde did not pass through a cloud.

e. This rawinsonde did not pass through a cloud.

Which of the following is not something the NEXRAD radar system currently measures? Select one: a. intensity of precipitation b. the amount of rain falling from a storm c. presence and coverage of precipitation d. the presence of hail in a thunderstorm e. cloud top temperature

e. cloud top temperature

Which weather product would you use to estimate how much precipitation is falling from a thunderstorm? Select one: a. visible satellite image b. radar radial velocity image c. water vapor image d. infrared satellite image e. radar reflectivity image

e. radar reflectivity image