Atoms & Atomic Theory
What do we call a row of elements on the periodic table?
Periods
Elements in each group number all have what in common?
They have the same number of electrons in their outer shell.
What does the atomic number tell you about the atom of the element?
This atomic number tells you the the number of protons and electrons in an atom .
Define element
each of more than one hundred substances that cannot be chemically interconverted or broken down into simpler substances and are primary constituents of matter.
An isotope of Chlorine would have how many neutrons?
17 or 19 neutrons
How many electrons can each energy level hold for each shell, #1-#4?
2,8,8,18
What is an ion?
An ion is an element with an unequal amount of electrons in an element.
What is an isotope?
An isotope is when you have an unequal amount of neutrons in an element.
In what order did Mendeleev arrange the elements in the first periodic table?
By atomic mass or properties within each column.
Which particle has a negative charge?
Electron
The group number represents the number of _________ in the outer most shell.
Electrons
Who performed an experiment proving the existence of an atomic nucleus?
Ernest Rutherford
Give the symbols for 2 halogens
F(Fluorine) and Cl(Chlorine)
What do we call a column on the periodic table?
Group or Family
What does the zigzag line on the periodic table tell you?
It divides the periodic table into metals, non-metals, and metalloids
Who discovered there are small particles inside the atom?
J.J. Thomson
Who performed an experiment proving that electrons exist?
J.J. Thomson
What is the last element in period #4
Krypton
How would you label MOST reactive to LEAST reactive on the periodic table?
Left to right = most reactive to least reactive
Who suggested that electrons travel around the nucleus in definite paths?
Niels Bohr
What is the maximum number of shells an atom can have?
Seven
What does the atomic mass tell you about the atom of that element?
The atomic mass tells us the weight of protons and neutrons.
What does the period number represent?
The period number represents how many shells of electrons the atom has.
Which atomic particles are found in the nucleus and what are their charges?
The proton and neutron. The proton has a positive charge and a neutron has no electrical charge
What 2 atomic particles do I add together to find an element's atomic mass?
The protons and neutrons.
How do you know how many electrons there are surrounding the nucleus of a particular atom?
You subtract the amount of protons from the atomic mass
