Axial Skeleton: Vertebral Column and Thoracic Cage C) Thoracic Cage

How many pairs of ribs?

12

number of clavicular notches

2

Lateral costal notches of the Gladiolus, is where ribs ___ ___ attach

2-7

how many total ribs?

24

Costal cartilages of ribs ______ fuse to the costal cartilage of rib 7 and thus ______ articulate with the sternum:

8-10 indirectly articulate with the sternum

the ___ of a rib indicates the site where the tubular ____ begins curving anteriorly towards the sternum

Angle Shaft

Why are ribs 8-12 false:

Because their costal cartilages, if present, do not attach directly to the sternum

Why are ribs 11-12 "floating ribs" ?

Because they have no connection at all with the sternum

Sternum AKA

Breastbone

A single pair of ____ ______ represent articulations for the first ribs' costal cartilages

Costal notches ON MANUBRIUM

Longest part of sternum

Gladiolus

The shallow indentation between the clavicular notches:

Jugular notch

Xiphoid process serves as an attachment side for the ____ muscles

abdominal

Does the xiphoid attach to the ribs?

NO

Why is the sternal angle and important landmark?

because the costal cartilages of the 2nd ribs attach here So, it may be used to count the ribs

Gladiolus AKA

body of sternum

Human sacrifice in central america among aztecs may have used what technique to acquire the heart?

breaking off xiphoid to get to heart

clavicular notches articulate the sternum with the left and right ______

clavicles (collarbone)

ribs 8-12

false ribs

The body and the manubrium articulate at the:

sternal angle

horizontal ridge that may be palpated under the skin ( between manubrium and gladiolus)

sternal angle

sword shaped bone that forms the anterior midline of the thoracic wall:

sternum

Suprasternal fossa is just ____ to the jugular notch, rope like muscles form lateral boundaries of this loss:

superior

Why are ribs 1-7 "true"

They connect individually to the sternum by separate cartilaginous extensions called "Costal cartilages"

Each pair of ribs originate on or between the _____ vertebrae and end in the anterior wall of the _____

Thoracic vertebrae thorax

The ____ of the rib articulates with the costal facet on the transverse process of the thoracic vertebra (except ribs ___ and___ which lack ___

Tubercle 11/12 Tubercles

Small, inferior cartilaginous projection of the sternum:

Xiphoid process

Jugular notch AKA

Suprasternal notch

Blunt trauma to the xiphoid may fracture it off the body and drive it into the ____ or ____

liver or heart

Between the head and the tubercle of the rib there is a constricted ___

neck

When does the xiphoid process ossify:

often not until after the age of 40

Costal cartilages connect:

ribs to the sternum

Do males or females have more ribs?

they have the SAME number of ribs

ribs 1-7

true ribs

Manubrium contains:

1) clavicular notches 2) jugular notch

Typical landmarks of the ribs:

1) head of rib 2) tubercle of rib 3) Neck of rib 4) Angle of rib 5) shaft/body

What vital organs does the thoracic cage protect?

1) heart 2) lungs 3) trachea 4) esophagus

3 parts of sternum:

1) manubrium 2) Gladiolus (body) 3) xiphoid process

What parts of the sternum contain lateral costal notches?

1) manubrium 2) gladiolus

The thoracic cage is an attachment point for muscles supporting the:

1) pectoral girdle 2) chest 3) neck 4) shoulders 5) back 6) Muscles involved in respiration

Function of thoracic cage:

1) protect vital organs 2) Attachment point for muscles 3) hematopoiesis

*Where does hematopoiesis occur within the Thoracic cage?

1) ribs 2) Vertebrae 3) sternum

Thoracic cage is formed by:

1) thoracic vertebrae posteriorly 2) Ribs laterally 3) Costal cartilages anteriorly 4) sternum anteriorly

fibs 11-12

floating ribs

The vertebral end of a rib typically articulates with the costal facet (or demifacet) of a thoracic vertebrae by the ___ of the rib

head

sternal notch aka

jugular notch