AZ POST CFE 2
1. Many communities have confidential witness programs that pay monetary rewards to persons who provide information about crimes. 2. Usually information about a specific crime is broadcast on radio and/or television. 3. Listeners are asked to call a specific number.
"Confidential witness programs" (monetary rewards for information leading to arrests) (P.O. 5.1.2C)
Protect evidence against ___ _______
"the elements." Some physical evidence may require protection from rain, wind, cold, heat or snow. trying using plastic, cardboard boxes or other material may to help.
The Arizona Supreme Court has indicated that there are four factors that it considers "strongly indicative of custody" for purposes of Miranda:
(1) whether the objective indicia of arrest are present; (2) the site of the interrogation; (3) the length and form of the investigation; and, (4) whether the investigation had focused on the accused.
*In regards to our duty to act, how can an officer avoid civil liability? P.O. 8.1.3*
*1. Always follow department policy.* 2. Always follow federal, state or local law. 3. Always document all actions taken or not taken and why. 4. Only provide what treatment you have been trained for and what is authorized by your agency. 5. Make sure you have the proper equipment to do the job. 6. Make sure EMS is en route.
Clarity of expression factors
*1. Noise - can be any disturbance in thought. * 2. Interruption. 3. Lack of feedback. 4. Lack of time. 5. Perception - words have different meanings to different people. 6. Filtering of information - the true message sometimes does not reach the person who needs the information. 7. Language differences. 8. Paralanguage (rate, volume, pitch, articulation). 9. Body language - discussed
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR CONDUCTING A SUICIDE INVESTIGATION
*A. Collect any drugs/medications and/or drug/medication containers.* B. Obtain information as to the victim's psychological/ emotional history. C. Obtain information as to any prior suicide attempts
What is inference?
*Conclusion* and Assumptions made on the facts that we have
What is inference?*Conclusion* and Assumptions made on the facts that we have
*Conclusion* and Assumptions made on the facts that we have
*What are the proper order of steps to control bleeding?*
*Direct pressure, Elevation, Pressure points, & Tourniquets*
*What is the first treatment for shock?*
*Ensure airway* ABC!
though it might be against the victims wishes, what might you have to do?
*Preserve the crime scene. Do not allow the victim to shower, bathe, or drink anything.*
when examining a body for signs of life what should you look for?
*Putrefaction/decomposition* No pulse. No heartbeat. No breathing
*What do you call the first paragraph of a report?
*Synopsis
Death notification, Prior to the notification?
*gather as much detail as possible* Confirm the relationship of the deceased person being notified
There are many ways we can reach out to the community and personally influence the public's views of police. What are some? (6.1.4)
- *Contacts with community service organizations or businesses* - Through school contacts
Name 4 things/injuries that are not signs of death.
- Contusion - Laceration -Incision -Abrasion
Who can pronounce death?
- Doctor - Police Officer -Fire Fighter
After the initial interview is completed, officers should offer assistance to the victim through whom?
- Family - Friends - Appropriate Social Service Resources
*What are the benefits of enhancing police/community relations?* (6.1.5)
- Increased community/ police cooperation in solving & preventing crime
What are the two common date rape drugs?
- Rohypnol (Roofies) - GHB (Ecstasy - G)
What is the drive/brace leg
- The rear leg in a defensive stance (furthest from the suspect) that determines the ability to resist and generate physical force. - The leg can switch depending on situation.
Special considerations for conducting interviews and establishing rapport with a victim of child molestation.
- Utilize and maintain a non-threatening posture and tone of voice. - Avoid the use of leading questions - Assess the need for specialized assistance. - Avoid actions that could lead to feelings of selfblame. -. Be sensitive to the emotional needs of the child. - Assess the need to place a child in protective custody
The neck contains?
- cervical spine - carotid arteries
The head contains?
- skull and face - brain - Protects cerebrum, cerebellum and brain stem - Maxilla and mandible.
*What are some common, negative stereotypes of law enforcement? *(6.1.1)
-*Unethical * -Uncaring and apathetic toward the needs of the community -Ineffective in delivering services and combating crime -Excessively violent in the use of authority -Biased against racial and ethnic groups, gays and women -Overweight and out of shape -Officer code of silence
What 3 things do you need to be successful with your community?
-Communication -Trust -Modern police philosophies
What are the responsibilities for contact and cover?
-Contact officer does all of the talking and running the person. -Cover officer's SOLE responsibility is to maintain security of their partner and the scene.
Most dry practice, unintentional discharges occur due to?
-Failure to ensure the gun is unloaded prior to starting dry-fire training -Unconsciously charging the weapon during a weapon manipulation -Taking one last "dry" shot immediately after the session has ended and the weapon has been reloaded
What are the 3 common safety components of a semi-automatic handgun?
-Firing pin block -Hammer block -Trigger block
*How can increased community support for law enforcement be reflected?*
-Increased LEO funding -Passage of new laws & ordinances *-Improved media relations* -increasing officer safety -help us communicate better -Increased support of existing laws & ordinances -Peaceful resolution of potential sources of conflict
due to the magnitude of calls, detectives may not be able to respond out to a sex crime scene you are at. As the lead officer, what are your responsibilities.
-Maintain contact with the victim. He/she is part of your crime scene. -Conduct a thorough investigation, including a complete interview. Audio tape or video interview. - Take, or arrange to have taken, extensive photographs of the scene. - Properly collect and preserve all evidence. E. Transport the victim to the forensic examination facility *After the initial interview is completed, officers should offer assistance through family, friends and appropriate social service resources*
What are the roles of the police in providing community service? (6.1.3)
-Maintaining order -Providing positive role models -Providing education & information
While pressing the trigger on an accurate shot, what are the most important steps?
-Trigger prep - Taking out slack -Pressing the trigger
OUTDOOR SEARCH
1 Consider the type of incident 2 Estimate the size of the area to be searched. 3 Request additional assistance, if needed. 4 Establish a perimeter (if feasible) and plan for deploymen 5 Develop a flexible search plan. 6 Identify time element. 7 Identify track, direction and mode of travel. 8Maintain communications.
Tactics and officer safety considerations when responding to suspicious activity calls.
1 Coordinate responding units; contain the area. 2 Use a quick, silent approach 3 Observe the area from a position of cover prior to just "rushing in." 4 Flexible plan due to the possibility of a variety of crimes (a. Burglary. b. Peeping Tom. c. Theft. d. Trespassing. e. Prowler. f. Drug activity) 5 Consider available resources: ( a. Helicopter. b. K-9. c. Additional units) 6 Verify the complaint and obtain additional information *Verify that a crime has been committed* 7 Search the area. 8 Look and listen for tell-tale signs of activity or movement
What should you document when bringing a witness to a one-and-one
1 The distance of the viewing and lighting conditions 2 everything that occurs and tell the witness what info you are putting in your report which is based on what the witness said 3 the exact verbiage
Identify the common locations of VIN's
1 VIN appears on the dash of all passenger cars and since 1981 2 on some the full vin is stamped on the engine compartment/ firewall
Conducting a preliminary assault investigation
1 assure officer safety 2 administer first aid as needed 3 interview victims and witnesses about incident and document name/#'s/address) 4 establish elements of the crime 5 note type of injury, hospitalization, and drs comments 6 obtain photographs of the victim/scenes 7 note relationship between victim & suspect 8 will the victim prosecute 9 cite if possible 10 on serious cases (shootings / stabbing /etc) call out detectives
Two ways to document interviews?
1 audio / visual recording 2 note taking
IDENTIFY THE RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE FIRST OFFICER AT THE SCENE OF A CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION TO INCLUDE:
1- Locating, identifying and interviewing witnesses, victims and suspects. 2- Determining if a crime has been committed 3- Arresting suspects 4- Protecting the crime scene. 5- Recording conditions and events in field notes. 6- Completing writing reports as required.
A.R.S. §13-3905. Detention for obtaining evidence of identifying characteristics.
1. A peace officer may make a sworn application to a magistrate to detain a person under reasonable suspicion for a felony in order to obtain identifying physical characteristics including, but not limited to: a. Finger, palm and footprints. b. Handwriting samples. c. Blood samples. d. Urine samples. e. Saliva samples. f. Hair samples. g. Photographs
A.R.S. §13-1203 - Assault: Classification.
1. A person commits assault by: a. Intentionally, knowingly or recklessly causing any physical injury to another person; or b. Intentionally placing another person in reasonable apprehension of imminent physical injury; or c. Knowingly touching another person with the intent to injure, insult or provoke such person.
A person may waive/ respond to their Miranda rights in a variety of ways... name a few
1. A person may waive their rights by clearly stating that they understand their rights and waive their rights. 2. A person may waive their rights by simply answering questions once the rights have been read. 3. A person may make a conditional waiver - "Depends on the question," for example. 4. A person may respond by saying something that is unclear or equivocal. Such statements should be clarified before questioning begins for example, "I don't know, do you think I need a lawyer?" These types of statements should be clarified by the interrogating officers. Officers should ask whether the person wishes to answer questions or not. Officers should not offer advice about whether an attorney is needed
When we are exposed to stress, our bodies undergo three (3) distinct stages
1. ALARM. 2. ADAPTATION. 3. EXHAUSTION.
What are the 4 elements for use of force?
1. Ability - does the suspect have the ability to carry out the act? 2. Opportunity - Is the opportunity available? 3. Jeopardy - you must be placed in jeopardy 4. Preclusion - have lesser reasonable means of force been eliminated
*Identify the following characteristics of good field notes: (PO 7.1.6)*
1. Accuracy 2. Completeness. 3. Conciseness.
Organized Crime is defined by what?
1. Any group 2. Formalized structure 3. Financial gain
The following forms of identification are acceptable in identifying the driver during a traffic stop:
1. Arizona driver's license. 2. Out-of-state license. 3. Temporary license. 4. Learner's permit. 5. Military I.D. 6. Consulate/international driver's license.
Response to silent and audible alarms.
1. Arrive and approach safely 2. Check the exterior for evidence of forced entry. 3. If the building is secure, determine the need to wait for the RP. 4. If the building is not secure, prepare for a building search. 5. Initiate and complete a building search 6. If an actual burglary, conduct an investigation 7. If there appears to be no crime or the business appears to have been left unsecured, contact a RP
Active listening techniques:
1. Attentive 2. Reflecting - label emotions you hear such as, "You sure seem angry." 3. Paraphrasing - summarize what the person has said and give feedback to let the person know you understand. 4. Summary statements - Repeat what the person has said so that he/she has a chance to think about it. 5. Effective pauses - listen to what the person has to say before speaking. 6. Brief assertions such as "I see," "OK" or "please go on." 7. Open-ended questions
tactics for documenting the interview/interrogation
1. Audio/video recording. a) May be used with, or without, the suspect's knowledge. b) If the tapes are to be transcribed, the officer may simply note that fact in the DR. Otherwise, the statements must be summarized accurately and in detail in the DR. 2. Note taking a) Psychological aspects. i. Ink - "cast in stone." ii. Pencil - not permanent, erasable.
What are the 4 components of the Force Matrix?
1. Balance 2. Accuracy 3. Power 4. Speed
How can an officer protect the scene of a death?
1. Barriers 2. Crime scene tape 3. Physical security (posting multiple positions if needed) 4. Remove unneeded personnel from scene
What are the following special considerations for conducting an interview and establishing rapport with the victim of a sexual assault?
1. Be empathetic 2. be sensitive to the victim's emotional needs 3. help the victim regain self control 4. if needed seek support for the victim via family/friends and or social services resources.
What are the 3 ways stress affects the human body?
1. Behavioral 2. Physiological 3. Mental
*Arrive on scene, notice someone in trauma, what are your first steps to helping the victim?*
1. C Spine 2. Airway 3. Breathing 4. Circulation
As the initial responder and upon arrival, what should you immediately check for?
1. Check the scene for persons who may pose a threat or a suspect who may be hiding. 2. Identify if the victim has gross injuries requiring medical attention.
What are the 3 main regions of the "trunk" of the body?
1. Chest ---- 12 pairs of ribs that connect to the spine. ---- *sternum* 2. Abdomen 3. Pelvis
For a person who commits any act involving a misdemeanor, of any misdemeanor traffic violation, an officer has the following options:
1. Cite and release (with a signature on the citation showing a promise to appear). 2. Book (at which time the person will be brought before a magistrate for an initial appearance within 24 hours).
Note taking (field notes)
1. Clear and legible (so someone else can read and understand them). 2. Specific - avoid terms like "near,"' use measurements and be specific. 3. Tape recorders - some officers use tape recorders at the scene and then later transcribe the notes from the tape (no need to impound this tape).
When arriving to a suicide scene what are some special considerations for conducting an investigation? ( PO5.7.6)
1. Collect any drugs/medications and/or drug/medication containers 2. Obtain information as to the victim's psychological/emotional history 3. Obtain information as to any prior suicide attempts.
Hair and fibers
1. Collect with clean tweezers or forceps. 2. Use an evidence vacuum sweeper if one is available. 3. Place a hair in a plastic or glass vial and seal.
Identify the following procedures and considerations for securing evidence from the victim of a sexual assault.
1. Common items of evidence including direct and indirect sources 2. use of an evidence collection kit 3. collection and preservation of evidence with consideration of the victim's feelings.
The state-approved Sexual Assault Kit examination includes: PO P.O. 5.6.3B
1. Components 2. Provided by the law enforcement agency 3. Usually kept at the forensic examination site 4. Needs to be frozen/refrigerated- within 2 hours 5. Establish and maintain the chain-of-custody
state-approved Sexual Assault Kit
1. Components. 2. Provided by the law enforcement agency. 3. Usually kept at the forensic examination site. 4. Needs to be frozen/refrigerated (departmental policy) within two (2) hours of collection 5. Establish and maintain the chain-of-custody
Why would an officer need a permanent record of the facts of an incident?
1. Court proceedings 2. Investigations 3. Incident references
What are the 4 types of gangs found in Arizona?
1. Criminal Street Gangs. 2. Extremist Groups 3. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG). 4. Prison Gangs / Security Threat Groups (STG).
Marking evidence containers or tags and labels. These should contain at least the following information:
1. Date and time the item was collected and where it was found. 2. Location where evidence was transported and stored. 3. Each time the evidence is removed/ returned to/from storage. 4. Brief description of the item. 5. Name or initials of person collecting item.
The following criteria should be considered in the selection of a response route to a crime in progress: progress:
1. Distance to the location of the crime. 2. Consider possible escape routes. 3. Traffic situation. 4. Time of day. 5. Condition of route. 6. Best direction of approach. 7. Severity of situation.
Concluding the search
1. Do not abandon the search until all areas have been searched for additional suspects. 2. Use the "ONE (1) PLUS THEORY" which states: If you find one (1) suspect, there will be a second suspect nearby. 3. Be very thorough, it is your life you are betting on 4. In order to maintain a tactical edge in your thinking, you need to say, "I did not find anyone." Do not say, "There is no one in there." 5. Give a Code-4 over the air when you are sure the search has concluded and clear the channel. 6. Break the perimeter down over the radio and send available units. 7. Evaluate your tactics and seek to improve them through constructive criticism and an honest evaluation of your performance by peers and selfevaluation.
What are the four escape options?
1. Drive through the threat 2. Turn away from the threat 3. Abandon the vehicle and get to cover 4. J-Turn or escape maneuver
Secondary anatomical points (caution must be used when striking these points since the potential for serious injury still remains):
1. Elbow joint. 2. Back of hand. 3. Knee joint. 4. Achilles tendon. 5. Inside of wrist. 6. Shin. 7. Lower abdomen. 8. Instep
What are the three main psychological aspects of survival?
1. Emotional 2. Mental 3. Physical
On approach to the violator vehicle, you should:
1. Exit the vehicle with only necessary equipment (e.g., a flashlight). 2. Keep weapon hand free. 3. Leave citation book in the police vehicle. 4. Check your last point of reference of your police vehicle - the left, front quarter panel.
Techniques affecting interactions
1. Facial expressions - smile, be human. 2. Eye contact - direct, but not staring. 3. Gestures - be natural, control emotions. 4. Posture - hands on hips or on the butt of your gun gives "power vibes" and can restrict communication. :
When unloading a weapon, what are the steps to ensure it is clear?
1. Finger along the frame 2. Mussel Pointed in a face direction (working zone) 3. Remove the magazine, stow it on the body 4. Rack Back once while looking at ejection port 5. Rack the slide to the rear 6. Place pinky finger in the chamber and magazine hole. 7. Rack slide twice while looking at ejection port 8. Once all steps are completed place weapon back in holster
Cultural/ethnic background
1. Folkways- A way of thinking or acting adopted by members of some groups as part of their shared culture. . 2. Mores. - Violations often punished by ostracizing or even violence. (ex honor killings) 3. Values - kinship/clans
Firearm(s) at the scene
1. General rule is that objects should be left untouched if the area can be secured. 2. Do not pick up a weapon unless it places you or a citizen in immediate danger.
Officers must use appropriate safety precautions when handling narcotics/drugs.
1. Gloves and a face mask should be utilized. 2. When dealing with narcotics that involve gases/odors, officers should elect to use a SCBA (self-contained breathing apparatus). 3. When handling drug paraphernalia, officers need to be constantly aware of the possibility of being struck or cut by needles. 4. Such a "stick" may result in the acquisition of Hepatitis or AIDS. 5. All containers of drug paraphernalia with sharp objects need to be identified on the outside of the container for safety.
What are the following principles of *good marksmanship*?
1. Grip 2. Sight alignment 3. Trigger control 4. Stance 5. Breathing 6. Follow through
The lower extremities include:
1. Hip. *2. Thigh (femur).* 3. Knee. 4. Lower Leg: Made up of two (2) bones 5. Ankle. 6. Foot.
list examples of criminal traffic offenses
1. Hit and run. 2. Fictitious license plates. 3. Driving on a suspended license. 4. Reckless driving. 5. DUI.
What are the four positions for the handgun?
1. Holstered with retention devices engaged 2. At ready position 3. on target 4. Work zone
Other things to do while conducting the initial interview?
1. How the victim would like to be addressed 2. Maintain a non-threatening posture and tone of voice 3. Obtain a thorough description of the suspect
Apprehend the suspect(s).
1. If a possible suspect is located, tactically move to cover. 2. If confronted with a suspect, issue commands from cover. 3. Verbally direct the suspect to a position that will afford the arresting officer cover. 4. Always handcuff first, then search from cover
Apprehend the suspect
1. If a suspect is located, tactically move to cover. 2. If confronted with a suspect, issue commands from cover. 3. Verbally direct the suspect to a position that will afford the arresting officer cover. 4. Always handcuff first, then search from cover. 5. Be aware of other suspects, REMEMBER THE ONE (1) PLUS THEORY. 6. If the suspect exits the building, make sure you know if officers are in a position to handle all of the threats and areas of responsibility
What are the potential personal safety problems during scene assessment?
1. Injured and/or violent patient(s). 2. Altered levels of consciousness. *3. Bystanders/family members. 4. Hazardous materials.* 5. Hazardous scene conditions.
What are the effects of OC spray
1. Involuntary closing of the eyes 2. Gasping for air 3. Intense burning of the skin 4. Uncontrollable coughing
The following procedures will be used when responding to a robbery or panic alarm:
1. It will be assumed that the alarm was intentionally activated in response to a crime in progress. 2. Follow the procedure for responding to a silent or audible alarm, up to checking the exterior for a point of entry. 3. Establish a two (2)-point perimeter (minimum). 4. When units are in place, request dispatch to instruct the RP to exit the building.
Preventive measures for commercial robberies
1. Keeping "bait money" (currency whose serial numbers and related information, such as denominations, have been pre-recorded) to hand over in the event of a robbery. 2. Placing dye packs in stacks of currency. However, even the presence of such paint does not guarantee that people will contact the police. 3. A surveillance camera can take individual photographs and can be triggered by a remote-control device.
What are the 3 zone of combat?
1. Kill zone - touch distance 2. Attack zone - touch with 1 step away 3. Danger zone - touch with 2 or more steps away
What are the 2 striking types?
1. Linear- straight down 2. Circular- arc motion ie uppercut
how should liquids be collected?
1. Liquids (such as alcohol) should be collected for evidence using sterile containers. a. Gloves should always be worn. b. If the liquid contains bio-hazard material, the officer should use a disposable mask/ eye goggles. 2. As with all items of evidence, liquids need to be gathered/packaged in separate containers.
When conducting an interview with a victim of child molestation how do you establish a rapport with the child/victim?
1. Maintain a non-threatening posture/tone of voice 2. Avoid use of leading questions 3. Refrain from asking Why 4. Avoid actions that may lead to self blame 5. Be sensitive to emotional needs of the child 6. Assess if the child needs to be placed in protective custody.
In the event that you find yourself in a situation where you are negotiating with the suspect, consider the following:
1. Make sure you are negotiating from a position of cover. 2. Follow your department policy regarding communication with the suspect. 3. Do not make any promises or agreements with the suspect or hostage-taker, but assert that others in route have negotiating authority.
Things to consider when responding to burglary calls:
1. Most residential burglaries occur during the day. 2. Most business burglaries occur during the night. 3. Burglars are generally non-confrontational. 4. Burglars generally take small items that can be easily converted into cash. Generally, non-confrontational in nature. Does not mean non-violent. 5. A majority of burglary suspects are supporting a drug habit.
Traffic stop; four (4)-step probing technique:
1. OPENING-- "Good evening, I am Officer John Smith with the Centerville Police Department. The reason I stopped you is I observed you going 15 miles over the speed limit. Is there any reason for your speeding?" 2. DRIVER'S LICENSE AND PAPERS. You then ask, "May I see your driver's license please?" After you have the license, you can call him/her by his/her name and continue by asking, "Mr. Jones, may I see your registration and proof of insurance please?" 3. DECIDE WHAT TO DO. After you have the requested documents, you can say, "Bear with me please, I will go back to the car to check these documents out and be back with you momentarily." 4. CLOSING.
Handle physical evidence as little as possible. Too much handling may:
1. Obliterate fingerprints. 2. Dislodge hairs, fibers, debris, etc. 3. Break brittle evidence. 4. Contaminate biological evidence
4 things to determine during the reporting source interviews
1. Obtain the facts of the reported crime 2. Determine if the child is in imminent danger 3. If medical attention is needed 4. Determine jurisdiction
When coming on a scene of sexual assault what are the steps in securing the scene?
1. Officer Safety 2. locate and limit access to the scene 3. locate all suspects passed/touched, 4. take note of things that support or disprove Victim's statements.
What are the 5 levels of control?
1. Officer presence 2. Verbal direction 3. Empty hand control 4. Intermediate weapons 5. Lethal force
Firearms, tools, knives or other weapons
1. On a firearm, put a stringed tag through the trigger guard and seal the knot on the string of the tag by placing a gummed label around the knot. 2. Tools and knives can be marked the same way, with a string label and using a gummed label to seal the knot. 3. After the tool or weapon has been marked, it is then placed in an evidence envelope of the proper size which is then sealed and marked over the seal with a gummed label. 4. Do not deface it or destroy evidence. 5. Seal it and mark the seal
Forgery evidence
1. Paper documents- officer should place his/her name or initials, serial number, date and DR number on the back of the check, credit card or other document in such a manner that it will not interfere with any other writing, stamps or endorsements. Do not mark on the front side. 2. Credit cards - mark by placing a piece of transparent tape to the back of the card below the signature panel, then place the required information on the tape. signature or magnetic tape. 3. Witness signature- the witness who accepted the document and who is turning it over to the police, must initial the item prior to giving it to the police
factors to consider for burglary when Containing the scene and determine perimeter type.
1. Perimeter officers should observe from a position of cover. 2. Additional officers can be used to supplement the perimeter. Some cover is better than others; any cover is better than none at all. 3. Prepare for owner or suspect contact. Assure you have the proper equipment. 4. What type of perimeter - two (2)-point visual or four (4)-point physical?
Possible resources you may want to use in a building search?
1. Perimeter officers. 2. K-9. 3. Air unit.
What are the types of vision?
1. Photopic (cone vision) 2. Scotopic (rod vision) 3. Mesopic (cone and rod vision) 4. Night vision
What are the psychological aspects that affect your ability to successfully counter a life-threatening situation?
1. Physical 2. Emotional 3. Mental
What are the 3 phases of a physical encounter
1. Pre-Contact Phase - Training in the understanding and control of distance and positions of advantage before contact is made. 2. Contact Phase - Positional training designed to survive a force on force collision and defend against a physical assault. 3. Neutralization Phase - Techniques and methods to stop, control, and neutralize an attack by deploying armed and unarmed counter measures.
What are two types of civil damages awarded?
1. Punitive (punish grossly negligent or intentional acts) 2. Compensatory (wages, medical bills, etc)
What are some human emotions a victim might display in response to the assault?
1. Quiet 2. Matter of fact 3. Angry 4. Giggling 5. Hysterical
Verbal inquiry and parrying techniques
1. Reflective question and phrases: "I can see you are very upset." 2.Neutral phrase or questions: These can be phrases or questions that narrow and focus on a specific topic or situation 3. Summary statements: Summary statements check understanding and help the other person clarify his/her thinking
What is your responsibility upon observing unethical or unlawful actions by another officer?
1. Report serious incidents to supervisors. 2. Prevent fellow officers from becoming involved, if possible.
Socio-economic status can result in
1. Self-conscious. 2. Internal prejudice
What are the 7 criteria that indicate criminal street gang membership?
1. Self-proclamation 2. Witness testimony or official statement 3. Written or electronic correspondence 4. Paraphernalia or photographs 5. Tattoos 6. Clothing or colors 7. Any other indicia of street gang membership
Identify the following uses of field notes: (PO 7.1.5)1. Serve as basis for writing reports 2. Provide a greater degree of accuracy, as opposed to memory alone 3. May be used as evidence on court. (occurs when they haven't been incorporated into a report within 20 days of them being taken. Become discoverable at this point
1. Serve as basis for writing reports 2. Provide a greater degree of accuracy, as opposed to memory alone 3. May be used as evidence on court. (occurs when they haven't been incorporated into a report within 20 days of them being taken. Become discoverable at this point
The upper extremities include:
1. Shoulder. 2. Arm: Made up of one (1) bone. 3. Elbow. 4. Forearm: Made up of two (2) bones. 5. Wrist.
What are the 3 types of break falls?
1. Side fall 2. Front fall 3. Front shoulder roll
What are the two action types / methods of fire?
1. Single action 2. Double action
What are the 4 types of handcuffing positions
1. Standing 2. Prone 3. Kneeling 4. Falkner
2 considerations for officers when determining the need for immediate arrest of a suspect
1. Suspect's risk of flight to avoid prosecution 2. Suspect's danger to community
Where to Find the Victims of Human Trafficking
1. Sweat shops and factories fenced in with razor wire turned to the inside. 2. Traffic Stops 3. Collision Investigations 4. Commercial Vehicle Inspections 5. Truck Stops
if you have suspect contact during a building search what should you do ?
1. Tactically move to cover. 2. Issue commands from cover. 3. Verbally direct the suspect to a position that will afford the arresting officer cover. 4. Always handcuff first, then search from cover 5.If the suspect flees further into the building, DO NOT chase him/her. 6. If the suspect flees and exits the building, DO NOT chase him/her.
When conducting the interview of the victim what should be documented?
1. Take photographs and the overall appearance, specific injuries 2. if applicable use same sex to conduct interview, photograph a day or two later also.
Communicating with the visually-impaired person remember to ?
1. Talk directly to the person in a normal manner. 2. Identify yourself as a peace officer and ask the person if he/she is visually impaired. 3. Allow the person to touch your badge or handcuffs if he/she seeks to further verify your identity. 4. Walk normally when guiding the person, allowing him/her to hold your elbow or shoulder in order to more easily follow your body movements.
considerations for field Interviews during investigative detentions.
1. The Terry case decision. 2. Recognize officer safety practices should be maintained at all times. 3. Lawful continued detention/release of questioned person
what are done with the copies of the tickets?
1. The court copy will be sent in with normal paperwork. 2. The enforcement copy will be retained by the officer. 3. The violator will be given the mail-in card and safety school information, when applicable.
The following are examples of situations where a person arrested for a traffic violation must be immediately taken before a magistrate per A.R.S. §13-3898:
1. The person refuses to sign the criminal citation as a promise to appear. 2. Due to the circumstances of the violation, the officer elects to "book" the person. 3. Department policy dictates certain violations shall be booked (i.e., DUI, reckless, etc.)
factors/directions at play for victim(s) during an identification?
1. Transport the witness to the suspect 2. Do not make any suggestions or "lead" the witness in any way 3. Say nothing about the suspect in the presence of the witness 4. Tell the witness to keep an open mind and that the person he/she will confront may not be the perpetrator. 5. Do not allow multiple witnesses to discuss the suspect or the crime. 6. Never allow multiple witnesses to view the show up at the same time. 7. Do not comment to the witness of the identification after the show up. 8. Document everything that occurs and tell the witness what information you are putting in your report which is based on what the witness said. Document the witness verbiage precisely.
Police reports compile statistics used for:
1. Uniform Crime Reports (UCR's). 2. Manpower allocations (shift activity). 3. Identifying crime trends (crime reports). 4. Determining budget needs.
What are the 5 methods for monitoring gang activity?
1. Use of informants. 2. Interpreting gang-related graffiti. 3. Inter-agency intelligence gathering. 4. Field interrogation of suspected and known gang members. 5. Visual observation of gang activities/known gang gathering places.
IN ARMED CONFRONTATIONS CONSIDER THE FOLLOWING
1. Watch for suspicious people, activity and vehicles. 2. Park out of sight. 3. Approach using cover. 4. Scrutinize the entire area from cover. 5. Contact suspects from cover. 6. Once you have good cover, maintain it
Spent bullets
1. Wrap bullet in cotton or filter paper. 2. Place in a plastic or glass vial and seal with a gummed label. 3. Do not mar, scratch or mark the side of the bullet. 4. Jacket and jacketed round is where striations are left
The courts may consider a number of factors in determining whether a juvenile's confession is voluntary, including the following:
1. age (chronological and mental) 2. Level of education. 3. Previous dealings with the CRJ system. 4. Whether the juvenile's rights were explained. 5. Any language barrier. 6 Physical condition. 7 Method/ length of interrogation. 8. Length of interrogation/ Time in custody 9.Whether there was proper sight/sound separation. 10 Whether the juvenile had an opportunity to consult with an adult. 11 Understanding of the charges. 12 Whether or not the juvenile was warned about the case being remanded to adult court. 13 Whether the juvenile later tried to repudiate prior statements.
What are some clues that a person may be dead?
1. cold to touch 2. no pulse/heart beat 3. no breathing 4. Eyes fixed, crusty, cloudy. 5. Presence of rigor mortis. 6.. Presence of post-mortem lividity. 7. Animal/insect activity. 8. Putrefaction/decomposition. 9. Skin slippage. 10 Adipocere. 11. Mummification.
What happens in the ready position?
1. contact ready 2. low ready 3. muzzle depressed
*Uses of a police report*
1. document criminal and traffic activity. 2. Provide a permanent record of the facts of an incident 3. basis for officer evaluation/performance 4. follow up information 5. Compile statistics
A.R.S. §13-1204 - Aggravated assault:
1. if a person causes serious physical injury 2. if a person uses a deadly weapon or dangerous weapon 3. if a person commits the assault by any means of force that causes temporary but substantial disfigurement 4. physically restrained during an assault 5. entering the private home of another with the intention to commit the assault 6. if the person is 18 yo and older and commits assault on someone 15 yo and younger 7. while violating a protection order 8. have knowledge of the individuals occupation (does not have to be on duty just motivated by) 9. if a person tries to take any control over police officer's firearm, or any weapon being used by a police officer 10. chokes/ impedes airway
*Not uses of police report*
1. insurance requirements 2. data about the officer 3. topics for officer training 4. information dissemination 5. officer training (not evaluation)
Identify the following special investigative considerations associated with Auto theft/recovery
1. locate/determine VIN's, 2. detect altered VIN's, 3. remain alert/make inquiries as to common motives for false reporting and examine for common physical indicators of auto theft (e.g., tampered ignition, driver does not know name of owner and/or presence of burglary tools, etc.).
What are the five manners of death?
1. natural 2. homicide 3. accidental/ auto-erotic 4. unknown/ pended- needs more examination to determine death 5. suicide
Four responsiblities when a field officer responds to an alleged sexual assault
1. obtaining complete and accurate suspect information 2. dealing with the victim's trauma 3. preserving the scene 4. requesting appropriate assistance (Detectives, Supervisors ext)
Five personal issues involving officer involved collisions
1. over-confidence 2. self-righteousness 3. impatience 4. preoccupation/distraction 5. peer pressure
When you come into contact with a Victim of sexual assault what are the procedures you must take to collect evidence?
1. prevent the victim from bathing or ingesting 2. Documentation 3. Victim sees a FAC/FNE Nurse. 4. forensic examination conducted within 120 hours. 5. All bodily fluids collected must be impounded within 2 hours of collection
A family member can be useful by:
1. talking to the patient 2. calming the patient 3. providing patient history.
What are the three major reasons for proper firearm maintenance?
1. to prevent rust and corrosion 2. to ensure reliable operation 3. to ensure proper operation
Identify the following special investigative considerations associated with commercial Robbery
1.obtain surveillance camera photographs, 2. notify FBI of robberies committed at federally-insured institutions 3. inquire into existence of bait bills or traceable currency and note modus operandi in report.
Criminal violations require a court appearance within ? days and require a ?
10days / signature.
compressions should be stopped for no longer than _____ to provide breaths
10sec
A forensic examination is paid for by the county. During the examination the collection of evidence must be done within 72 hours of a vaginal assault and within 24 hours of an anal assault. These are outdated timelines. What is the new timeline?
120 Hours for both vaginal and anal assaults
Average age of trafficking victim
13
what is the time frame after someone has invoked Miranda that you can try to speak to the individual again?
14 days
how long are vin numbers?
17 (alpha numeric)
how long is a vin number
17 digit vin number alpha numeric
Assessed a tax to doctors, vets, and dentists for usage for medical purposes *Stamp recognized for medical purposes only
1937 Marijuana Tax Act
when did vin numbers begin?
1981
when were vins universally established?
1981
What are the signs of 1st, 2nd, and 3rd degree burns?
1st - Superficial Redness 2nd - Blistering dermal damage 3rd - Full thickness
To conduct a building search, there must be a minimum of ____ officers, preferably ____, and a maximum of____ and NEVER EVER SEARCH ALONE.
2 3 5
Conduct the one-on-one within __ __________ of the commission of the crime
2 hours
________ rule should be followed
2-4-12 rule should be followed
Civil citations require a court appearance in ____-____ days and do not need a signature.
21 to 28
1. Age 2. Mental Capacity 3. General health
3 Interrogation techniques should be taken into consideration:
requirements for aggravated identity theft ?
3 or more persons or entities, loss of $1000 or more to a single person, possession for unlawful purpose, intent to obtain employement
Phase 1: 8 hours training class Phase 2: CPTED implementation must meet minimum standards Phase 3: Resident involvement (makes residents aware of their responsibilities)
3 phases to the Crime Free Multi-housing:
ITEMS TO CONSIDER WHEN CONTACTING AND COMMUNICATING WITH CHILDREN OF INCARCERATEDARRESTED PARENTS
3. Introduce yourself and explain in simple terms why you are there. Consider a. Language - Younger children are very literal in their speech b. Prior History - Children who have witnessed a lot of violence sometimes come across with a "care less" demeanor. c. Trauma - The child may: i. Display complicated feelings for parents. ii. Believe they are responsible. iii. Display Post Traumatic Stress symptoms.
what are the different types of burglary?
3rd- commercial 2nd- residential 1st- same as above with weapon used
4 types of Negligence= 1. breech of duty, 2. damage to patient, 3. approximate cause 4. ??????? what is this?
4. duty to act
What is the best degree to approach a suspect?
45 degrees.
How many seconds does it take for an individual to loose consciousness with the carotid hold?
5 to 15 seconds.
The 2, 4, 12 rule is? Under ____MPH - No closer than __ seconds Over __ MPH - No closer than ___ Seconds Always looking ___ seconds ahead.
55, 2 55, 4 12
In our communities, what percentage of the people are supportive of the police?
90%
Driving is ____% mental ___% physical
90% 10%
*A way to increase community support for law enforcement is through? * A) Improved media relations B) Increased enforcement C) Stronger enforcement
A
If a community has developed a negative stereotype or attitude towards police, it is generally because: A) Officers appear to be unethical, uncaring, and ineffective B) Officers write too many citations C) Officers make themselves too visible
A
In higher context, the communication____________is just as important as the context of the message? A. Process B. advantage C. barrier
A
One factor that influences the way the public views L.E. is? A. Behavior on and off duty B. Eye contact C. Treat people fairly
A
One way police can make more allies out of adversaries is to have? A Better communication B Enforce the law C increased use of force
A
A. sherm
A _____ is a PCP lanced cigarette. A. Sherm B. Shrooms C. Mushrooms
*What is the purpose of the Synopsis?*
A brief paragraph that tells the reader what the report is about., whats to come - will answers 4 maybe 5 "W"'s
C. Natural Surveillance
A concept based on the fact that criminals do not want to be observed committing crimes, would be: A. Access Control B. Territoriality C. Natural Surveillance
A. True only 1 person
A fingerprint can be traced to only one (1) person. If a fingerprint is found at a crime scene, it will place its owner at the scene. A. True, only 1 person B. False, identical twins have same print C. I don't know
Scent articles
A laboratory analysis of scent articles may include the ability to determine what type of cologne, perfume or other product caused the scent. Items should be air-dried prior to packaging for the laboratory.
What is a frisk?
A pat down looking for weapons.
Aggravated robbery
A person commits aggravated robbery if in the course of committing robbery as defined in robbery such a person is aided by one or more accomplices actually present C3F a. Are they actually an accomplice b. Do they meet the reasonable person standard met for what would make the accomplice actually present EX: Joe and john walk up to a clerk and threaten him if he doesn't give them lottery tickets. They get the tickets but get pulled over leaving. Both are getting charged with aggravated robbery
Armed robbery
A person commits armed robbery if in the course of committing robbery as defined in section 13-1902 such a person or an accomplice 1. is armed with a deadly weapon or simulated deadly weapon or 2. uses or threatens to use a deadly weapon or dangerous instrument or simulated weapon (words (I have a gun) alone are not enough to constitute armed robbery)
A.R.S. §13-1201 endangerment
A person commits endangerment by recklessly endangering another person with a substantial risk of imminent death or physical injury.
can a person revoke their Miranda rights? if so, what would the officer be required to do?
A person may change their mind about invoking their right to silence. If the person changes his/her mind and seeks to speak with the officer again, the officer may speak to and question the person but should first reread the Miranda warnings to the person and obtain a waiver of their rights
terry stop
A police officer with a reasonable and articulable suspicion that a person is involved in criminal activity may make a limited investigatory stop which is called ? (P .O.5.4.5A)
Confession
A statement that provides evidence or proof of a person's involvement in crime, including all elements of the crime.
B. Investigative stop
A stop made because an officer has "reasonable suspicion" to believe one (1) or more of the vehicle's occupants has engaged in, or is about to engage in, criminal activity. A. Traffic enforcement stop B. Investigative stop C. High Risk Stop
A. Traffic enforcement stop
A stop made because an officer has "reasonable suspicion" to believe the driver committed a traffic infraction. A. Traffic enforcement stop B. Investigative stop C. High Risk Stop
juvenile, misdemeanor, felony
A victim's rights for _____ offenses applies to acts that are committed by a juvenile and that if committed by an adult would be either a _______ or a ______.
*Can an officers off-duty conduct, shape the community opinion of the agency? * A) Yes B) No
A yes
In addition to being able to stop, what else is important? A) Ability to go and turn B) Utilizing lights and siren C) Making sure you have room for a J-turn
A) Ability to go and turn
The main difference between organized crime and street gangs? A) Financial Gain B) Tattoos C) Zoot suits
A) Financial Gain
What is a good way to monitor gangs? A) Informants B) Have an officer infiltrate the gang C) Rap videos
A) Informants
Most agencies may/will discipline for what? A) No seat belts B) Squealing the tires C) J-turns
A) No seat belts
There are a number of factors that contribute to officers racing to be the first on the scene of an accident. What may be the most common? A) Peer pressure B) Policy C) Impatience
A) Peer pressure
During a pursuit, what is a difficult concept to convey to officers? A) Proper decision making B) Patience C) Shuffle steering
A) Proper decision making
What sense is used most often in driving? A) Sight B) Hearing C) Touch
A) Sight
When making the decision to pursue, an officer must use? A) Sound judgement B) Permission from supervisor C) Patience
A) Sound judgement
What function is lost in a skid? A) Steering B) Braking C) Acceleration
A) Steering
What is the main reason citizens do not yield to emergency vehicles? A) They don't see or hear us B) They don't have to C) They don't like us
A) They don't see or hear us
True/False: It's hard to get informants for gangs because they can make more selling drugs than being an informant. A) True B) False
A) True
According to a survey taken by civilians, What is one thing they want Law Enforcement Officers to have? A. Communication Skills B. Guns C.Improved media relations
A.
*The normal respirator rate of an adult should be between how many breaths per minute?* A. 12-20 B. 20-25 C. 50-60
A. 12-20
Adult CPR: A. 30:2 (1 or 2 rescue) w/ 2 inches B. 30:2 (1 rescue) w/2 inches/ 15:2 (2 rescue) C. 30:2 (1 rescue w/ 1/3 depth of chest/ 15:2 (2 rescue)
A. 30:2 (1 or 2 rescue) w/ 2 inches
There are situations in which the issuance of a traffic citation is not in the best interest of the public, give me all of the examples
A. A husband speeding while driving his pregnant wife to the hospital because birth is imminent. B. A person speeding to a location where one of their close relatives has been injured or is in trouble. C. A person who is not aware of the violation and, in the officer's opinion, educating the offender and warning him/ her will have the same affect as a citation.
Burning itching and redness are signs and symptoms of what? A. Absorbed poison B. Bites C. Injection poison
A. Absorbed poison
Identify the following verbal and non-verbal techniques for defusing crisis situations:
A. Acknowledge victim's ordeal and reassure his/her safety. B. Provide active listening. C. Ask diversionary, reality questions. D. Pose simple choices to help victims regain some sense of control. E. Explain all options and procedures that will follow. F. Maintain appropriate E.Priam eye contact, body posture and voice control.
A report that is generated concerning intradepartmental matters and communications is a(n) _____________ report. A. Administrative B. Opinion C. Infra-deparmental
A. Administrative
What is Anaphylactic Shock? A. Allergic Reaction B. Blood/Fluid Loss C. Cyanosis
A. Allergic Reaction
Who can refuse medical attention? A. an adult and mentally competent B. anyone C. no one unless they have a DNR
A. An Adult and mentally competent
Flex the patient's knees to decrease tension on the abdominal muscles if the patient has what? A. An open wound to the abdomen B. Feeling faint C. motion sickness
A. An open wound to the abdomen
Having been inflicted or having occurred before death is? A. Ante Mortem B. Abrasion C. Laceration
A. Ante mortem
Identify the following hazards of failing to closely watch the movements of the occupant(s) in a vehicle before, and during, the vehicle stop:
A. Attack by occupant(s). B. Destruction or concealment of evidence. C. Escape of occupant(s)
Identify the following hazards to an officer when approaching, on foot, a vehicle stopped for a traffic violation:
A. Attack by the occupant(s) of the vehicle. B. Being struck by passing traffic. C. Interference by outside parties.
Other than running over the suspect shooting at you, what option may also be considered? A. Bail out/ Abandon the vehicle B. Fire back through the windshield C. Run him over
A. Bail out/ Abandon the vehicle
Within the guidelines of the principal of practical marksmanship, it is the shooters job to maintain what? A. Balance & Accuracy B. Grip & Stance C. Reasonable & Necessary
A. Balance & Accuracy
Identify the following special considerations for conducting an interview and establishing rapport with the victim of a sexual assault
A. Be empathetic B. Be sensitive to the victims emotional needs C. Help the victim regain self control D. Offer assistance to the victim through family , friends and appropriate social services
Facts that are gathered at the scene should: A. Be verifiable B. Submitted to sergeant C. contain your opinion
A. Be verifiable
*When you check a pulse on an infant, which artery do you check?* A. Brachial Artery B. Carotid Artery C. Femural Artery
A. Brachial Artery
The purpose of a synopsis is to be__________________________. A. Brief and concise B. direct quotations C. IR/police report
A. Brief and concise
What are the cones of your eye responsible for? A. Cells used for day vision B. cells for night or low-light vision
A. Cells used for day vision
A region of injured tissue or skin in which blood capillaries have been ruptured; a bruise. A. Contusion B. Abrasion C. Laceration
A. Contusion
TACTICS AND SAFETY IN SECURING THE SCENE
A. Coordinate routing and positioning with other responding units. B. Contain the scene. C. Determine what type of crime has been committed. D. Control the crime scene. E.Apprehend suspect(s). F. Communicate appropriate vital information. G. Request appropriate resources
What type of gang is associated with drug trafficking, vandalism, inter-gang violence, stolen property, *assaults, robbery*, etc? A. Criminal Street Gangs. B. Extremist Groups C. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG). D. Prison Gangs / Security Threat Groups (STG).
A. Criminal Street Gangs
Given a written, verbal or visual description of a child's death, identify whether Sudden Infant Death Syndrome is the most likely cause of death based on the following SIDS indicators
A. Death generally occurs within one (1) year of birth. B. Death generally occurs during a sleep period. C. SIDS infants appear to have been healthy. D. Generally, there are no visible signs of trauma E. Frothy or blood-tinged mucous or vomit may be present in, or around, the nose and/or mouth
Identify the following effects of fatigue on perceptual performance:
A. Decreased visual efficiency. B. Longer perception time. C. Longer decision/reaction time. D. Impaired judgment.
Identify the following as basic psychological responses to victimization:
A. Denial. B. Anger. C. Feelings of helplessness/lack of control. D. Self blaming and/or blaming others. E. Fear.
Identify the responsibilities of a primary (contact) officer when dealing with multiple subjects:
A. Designating a cover officer. B. Maintaining communications with subject. C. Maintaining a position relative to the subject. D. Delegating responsibilities to a cover officer.
What are some typical complaints that cardiac patients have? A. Difficulty breathing, dizziness and chest pain B. Difficulty breathing, dizziness and body pain C. Easy breathing, dizziness and chest pain
A. Difficulty breathing, dizziness and chest pain
What is the 2nd firearms safety rule? A. Do not point the gun at anything you are not willing to destroy B. Keep your finger straight along the frame until you are on target and have decided to fire C. All guns are loaded D. Be sure of your target and surroundings
A. Do not point the gun at anything you are not willing to destroy
Officer Smith spends all day in court following court he has to go to work. Late in his shift he sees a vehicle and begins high speed surveillance and doesn't call pursuit. Officer Smith is struggling from a lack of sleep which will affect his ______ _________ time. A. Driver Reaction Time B. Passenger Reaction Time C. Perception/reaction time
A. Driver reaction Time
What agency could help you investigate gangs and their activity? A. FBI B. DEA C. GIITEM
A. FBI
To be considered Organized Crime, what factor must be present? A. Financial Gain B. Crime C. Gangster Member
A. Financial Gain
What is the most important mechanical safety that keeps the firing pin from hitting the primer until disengaged by the rear word movement of the trigger? A. Firing pin block B. Hammer block C. Trigger block
A. Firing pin block
*Local cooling of the body, when exposed for long period of time part of body will blue and blotchy is called?* A. Frostbite B. Sweating C. Hypothermia
A. Frostbite
What is the most common form of injury when it comes to loss of consciousness? A. Head Injury B. Loss of blood C. Vehicle Accident
A. Head Injury
What is a sign of a normal delivery during childbirth? A. Head of the baby in the vaginal canal B. Feet of the baby coming out first C. Blood everywhere and stomach pain
A. Head of the baby in the vaginal canal
*Heat Cramps, Heat Exhaustion, and Heat Stroke are the three general types of what?* A. Heat Emergencies B. Heat Related Illness C. Stroke
A. Heat Emergencies
A Gunshot, Knife, Blunt force, and Multiple deaths are examples of what type of manner of death? A. Homicide B. Natural C. Suicide D. Unknown
A. Homicide
Early Apex is? A. Hugging the inside at the entry of the turn. B. Hugging the inside at the exit of the turn. C. Hugging the inside at the middle of the turn. (This is the fastest, like a race car uses)
A. Hugging the inside at the entry of the turn.
A surgical cut made in skin or flesh A. Incision B. Abrasion C. Laceration
A. Incision
*A common early sign of shock would be what?* A. Increased pulse rate B. Heat Related Illness C. Stroke
A. Increased pulse rate
What is done to discover life-threatening injury? A. Initial assessment B. Strip Search C. Transport
A. Initial Assessment
Identify the following different types of bad checks and the procedures for handling each:
A. Insufficient funds - refer to the County Attorney's office. B. Closed account - refer to the County Attorney's office. C. Forgery - conduct an initial investigation.
You load the weapon; look at the sights, press the trigger and it goes "bang". What type of weapon discharge is this? A. Intentional B. Unintentional C. Accidental
A. Intentional
*The preferred method for opening the airway of a patient with a cervical spine injury is ____. * A. Jaw Thrust B. C Spine C. Head tilt chin lift
A. Jaw thrust
What may be the most difficult concept to teach in pursuits? A. Judgment Skills B. Shuffle Steering C. Radio Talk
A. Judgment Skills
When checking for breathing, you should? A. Look, listen, feel B. watch the chest C. stare blankly at their mouth
A. Look, listen, feel
Identify the following factors that influence the nature of response to a report of a missing person
A. Missing persons -age -mental/emotional condition -medical / physical condition - family social environment - knowledge of area - living conditions B. Suspicious circumstances C. Weather conditions
You need to perform a Phase 2 Malfunction Clearance, what should you do? A. Move to cover, lock the slide to the rear, remove the mag, cycle twice, reload B. Tap & Rack & Move to Cover C. Tap & Rack
A. Move to cover, lock the slide to the rear, remove the mag, cycle twice, reload
*Does no signs or symptoms of internal bleeding mean no serious injury?* A. No, there is still a possibility B. Yes, has to have a sign or symptom
A. NO, there is still a possibility
A Heart attack, Cancer, Diabetes, Various other diseases are examples of which manner of death? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Accidental D. Suicide
A. Natural
What type of manner of death would be the person died of heart attack or diabetes? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Accidental D. Suicide
A. Natural Death
*If you perform medical treatment outside your scope such as needle decompression, This is considered what?* A. Negligence B. Good Samaritan C. Hero
A. Negligence
Identify the responsibilities of a field officer upon responding to an alleged sexual assault
A. Obtain a complete and accurate suspect info B. Dealing with victims trauma C. Preserving the scene D. Requesting appropriate assistance
NON-LANGUAGE FACTORS WHICH CONTRIBUTE TO A NEGATIVE RESPONSE FROM PERSONS CONTACTED
A. Officious and oppressive manners B. Disrespectful and demeaning attitudes. C. Officious and/or rude tone of voice. D. Inappropriate body language
The officer involved in the collision is found to be at fault and is suspended without pay. This loss of compensation was brought on by an attitude of...? A. Over-confidence B. Self-Righteousness C. Impatience
A. Over-confidence
FACTORS WHICH AFFECT AN INDIVIDUAL'S PERCEPTIONS OF EVENTS
A. Past experiences (Experiences with the police B. Mental/emotional condition. (Home, Work.) C. Physical condition.
THE KEYS TO EMOTIONAL SURVIVAL ARE
A. Personal time management. B. Physical fitness. C. Having "other" significant roles.
Identify the following items of evidence which corroborate child abuse charges:
A. Photographs of injuries and surroundings. B. Physician's report. C. Instruments or implements used in the crime. D. Past medical history indicating previous abuse. E. Witness statements.
In order to successfully operate pursuit situation an officer must always have a _______ ________. A. Positive Attitude B. Vehicle Control C. Patience & Love
A. Positive attitude
Identify the three (3) phases of a physical encounter:
A. Pre-contact. B. Contact. C. Neutralization.
LANGUAGE FACTORS WHICH CONTRIBUTE TO NEGATIVE RESPONSES
A. Profanity - you do not need to "lower yourself to where they understand" - respectful actions gain respectful actions. B. Derogatory language - you will be respected more treating people with dignity - there is a definite payback to yourself and the department based on how you treat people. C. Offensive terminology directed toward members of community groups. D. Inappropriate use of police jargon - people do not understand. E. Inappropriate use of racial/ethnic speech patterns - makes you appear foolish, be yourself. *Do not try to talk in gang jargon with gang members.*
Identify the proper procedures for safely stopping, approaching and contacting the occupant(s) of a vehicle at night, to include:
A. Proper position relative to both the vehicle's occupant(s) and passing traffic. B. Use of spotlight, flashlight, headlights, etc. C. Approach (avoid silhouetting). D. Termination of a stop.
Identify/demonstrate the following responsibilities of a cover officer during the search of a person:
A. Protecting searching officer from outside interference. B. Physically assisting searching officer, if necessary. C. Constantly observing suspects(s) and surrounding area. D. Assuming a sound tactical position
Identify examples of the following legal considerations for stopping a suspicious vehicle:
A. Reasonable suspicion. B. Search and seizure laws. C. Laws of arrest. D. Constitutional law.
METHODS AND TECHNIQUES IN COMMUNICATING WITH NON-ENGLISH SPEAKING INDIVIDUALS
A. Recognize the difficult position the other person is in and present a non-threatening approach (demeanor). B. Be patient, watch your frustration level. C. Do not raise your voice out of frustration or give the impression of impatience. Allow time for your message to be understood. D. Identify appropriate community/department resources for interpretation services or translation services.
Provides for the oxygenation of blood and the elimination of carbon dioxide from the body is called? A. Respiratory System B. Muscular System C. Circulatory System
A. Respiratory System
steps to prepare for the interview/interrogation
A. Review information about the case and the person to be interviewed/interrogated. B. Select an appropriate setting to conduct the interview/interrogation. C. Assess the need to give Miranda warning to the person prior to beginning the questioning. D. Develop a basic strategy for conducting the interview / interrogation. E. Make arrangements to record the interview/interrogation, if appropriate. F. Adopt a comfortable interview style.
emotional and psychological indicators of persons in crisis:
A. Screaming, crying or hysterical outbursts. B. Depression C. Self-destructive or violent behavior. D. Immobility or frenzied activity. E. Contradictory behavior
When having multiple witnesses on a crime scene involving death what should you do to them? A. Separate them B. Put them together C. Book them
A. Separate Them
Failure of the circulatory system to provide enough blood to the vital organs is? A. Shock B. Stroke C. Heart Attack
A. Shock
The relationship of the front and rear sights to the eye is called what? A. Sight Alignment B. Sight picture C. The front sight
A. Sight Alignment
*The most practical Universal precaution after a contamination is what?* A. Soap and water B. Hazmat Suit C. Face Mask
A. Soap and water
In a ______, part of the brain has been damaged due to a rupture of an artery or blockage of an artery by a blood clot or atherosclerosis. A. Stroke B. Shock C. Heart Attack
A. Stroke
Where is the humerus bone located? A. The upper arm B. Neck C. The leg
A. The upper arm
What type of burn would come from a heat source such as the pavement on a summer day? A. Thermal Burn B. Electrical Burn C. Chemical Burn
A. Thermal Burn
Why do gangs paint graffiti in their neighborhoods? A. To mark their territory B. Gang Retaliation C. To help monitor gang activity in the neighborhoods
A. To mark their territory
*A person in diabetic shock is commonly assumed to be intoxicated by police officer.* A. True B. False
A. True
Do not rely only on driver's license information. A. True B. False
A. True
Sympathetic grip, Startle effect, and Balance disruption. Is what type of weapon discharge? A. Unintentional B. Intentional C. Accidental
A. Unintentional
What part of the body system transports blood to the heart? A. Veins, Dark red, *steady flow* lacks oxygen B. Arteries, Bright red has oxygen C. Capillaries , red oozes slow
A. Veins, Dark red, *steady flow* lacks oxygen
Identify the following procedures required for an initial response to a missing person case:
A. Verify the report is a missing person case B. Determine the type of missing person case C. Determine if the person is at risk D. Obtain description E. Obtain recent photograph F. Attempt to locate G. Request assurance if appropriate H. Notify other agencies I. Complete required reports
What are the 2 types of unintentional discharges? A. Voluntary & Involuntary B. Voluntary & Accidental C. Involuntary & Accidental
A. Voluntary & Involuntary
When is the only time your finger should be on the trigger? A. When you are on target and have decided to fire B. When you know where the target is and are thee American Sniper C. When you are on target and have ammo
A. When you are on target and have decided to fire
Would the Good Samaritan law protect an officer that is off duty? A. Yes B. No
A. Yes
During the interview, an officer should help the victim regain ____ and ____. A. dignity & control B. control & finances C. their children & car
A. dignity & control
what is considered a manner of death? A. drowning B. natural C. accidental
A. drowning
*When arteries bleed, it is best described as?* A. fast flow of bright red blood B. steady flow of dark red blood
A. fast flow of bright red blood
Police reports should be written in: A. first person active voice B second person voice C. third person voice
A. first person active voice
What are the elements of the Good Samaritan Law? A. good faith, gratuitously, & gross negligence B. good faith & consent C. gratuitously with consent
A. good faith, gratuitously, & gross negligence
Failing or omitting to do something that a reasonable person would do or doing something that a *reasonable person* would not do is? A. gross negligence B. abandonment C. i don't know
A. gross negligence
*Full Cardiac arrest with signs of death would be considered what type of triage category?* A. lowest priority category B. highest priority category C. Depends
A. lowest priority category
In the tactical environment, if you cannot Identify your target can you shoot it? A. no B. yes
A. no
Whether or not the victim has injuries, an officer should always? A. require immediate medical attention B. take photos C. tell them to put some ice on it
A. require immediate medical attention
Shallow, slow breathing and high blood pressure are signs and symptoms are consistent with what? A. severe/late hypothermia B. frostbit C. cold weather
A. severe/late hypothermia
What is concealment? A. something to hide you from view but will not stop bullets B. anything that will stop, and peed or alter the flight or a bullet
A. something to hide you from view but will not stop bullets
Police Reports are used for what type of data? A. statistical data B. officer evaluation and performance C. IR/police report
A. statistical data
Providing some basic firearms training to family members will increase their understanding and reduce curiosity. A. true B. false
A. true
*What is a flail chest?* A. two or more ribs are broken in two or more places B. open chest wound which allow for air to enter the chest cavity C. skin burnt test
A. two or more ribs are broken in two or more places
Arrest notifications
A.R.S. §13-4406 "Notice of Initial Appearance" requires the arresting officer's agency to notify victims of the date, time and place of the initial appearance of a suspect after the suspect has been arrested.
Peace officers in the state of Arizona have the legal authority to issue a traffic citation under ?
A.R.S. §28-1594, 28-1592 and 13-3883.
MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES DEALING WITH STRESSORS
AEROBIC EXERCISE RELAXATION TECHNIQUES NUTRITION PROPER SLEEP
WHEN CONDUCTING CHILD ABUSE INVESTIGATIONS WHO SHOULD YOU INTERVIEW?
ALL PARTIES INVOLVED
the justification for use of force is outlined in what ars code?
ARS-403
Initiate an ___ as soon as possible.
ATL *Identify any possible witnesses to the crime* *Look for any suspicious person(s) or vehicle in the area.*
1. Hazardous Violations 2. Non Hazardous Violations
ATTC can be used for:
Arizona Traffic Ticket Complaint
ATTC means:
Chain of custody
Accounting for each person who handled an item of physical evidence from the time of collection until final disposition. a. Should be as short as possible. b. Must be unbroken. c. Storage of evidence must be secure to prevent the
What are the two types of reports? (PO 7.1.1)
Administrative and Operational
Can be anything close in color that is water soluble and is used to add bulk and thus increase profits (for opiates)
Adulterants (or referred to as "stepped on")
B
Advise the juvenile, when applicable, that the juvenile may be, or will be, tried as an adult during what part of investigation? (PO 5.4.10C) A. While arresting B. After Miranda Rights Read C. Do not have to tell them
B. protective
After a ______ sweep of the area, aid the injured first. A. productive B. protective C. production
1. Identify resources needed to make the plan work. 2. Determine what obstacle must be overcome. 3. Develop a timetable 4. Implement the response.
After choosing the most appropriate *response* to the problem, get help in developing a plan to implement the response by: (PO 6.5.5)
A. The Defendant and Defensive Driving class information.
After the violator signs the citation, he/she will be given what? A. The Defendant and Defensive Driving class information. B. The Ticket and Options to pay violation C. Victims Right Pamphlet
what do you need for aggravated identity theft
Aggravated identity theft = 3 or more persons or entities IE three bad IDS, three counterfeits
Blood-stained materials should be handled by
Air-dry stained material on a piece of clean dry paper at room temperature.
a. Full name (first, middle and last). b. Date of birth. c. Race. d. Sex. e. Social security and/or driver's license number. f. Full address including zip code. g. Home telephone number. h. Work or other alternate telephone number.
Always ask the victim and witnesses specific identifying information including: (JFYI)
Apprehension and communication
Always keep a position of advantage. Contact from cover, do not move just to move never let your guard down
B. Field Interview Report
An agency's contact with an individual is often recorded in writing somewhere, such as: A. FI Card B. Field Interview Report C. Documentation
detention; time limit
An investigative _______ may last as long as necessary to effectuate the purpose of the stop. There is no set maximum ______ ______ within which an investigatory stop must be completed. (P .O.5.4.5B)
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An officer may NOT seek to reinitiate questioning. If a person invokes their right to attorney, an officer may not approach the person to try to get the person to change their mind unless there is a break in custody lasting at least ____days. (PO 5.4.13)
Clothing
An officer needs to be mindful of "theory of transfer" and trace evidence when handling any type of clothing. Laboratory analysis of clothing will reveal the presence of items such as blood, saliva and semen and allow for DNA testing
B. Locard's Principal
An officer needs to be mindful of "theory of transfer" and trace evidence when handling any type of clothing. Which is known as? A. Forensic Evidence B. Locard's Principal C. I don't know
what is Parasympathetic backlash?
Any extended period of relaxation after intense sympathetic nervous system arousal can result in a parasympathetic backlash, with significant drops in energy levels, heart rate and blood pressure. This can manifest itself as normal shock symptoms (dizziness, nausea, vomiting, paleness and clammy skin) and/or profound exhaustion
How does the FBI define organized crime?
Any group that has some manner of a formalized structure and whose primary objective is to obtain money through illegal activities.
What is civil liability?
Any situation in which employees are sued in civil court for actions performed on duty for a law enforcement agency.
B. Physical (or real) Evidence
Any type of evidence having an objective existence (that is, anything with size, shape and dimension) found in connection with an investigation that may aid in identifying a suspect or the circumstances under which a crime occurred. A. Testimonial B. Physical (or real) Evidence C. Forensic Evidence
Gratuity
Anything of value intended to benefit the receiver; given to the person because of his/her position of authority
1. Exit the vehicle with only the necessary equipment (flashlight, leave citation book in vehicle) 2. *KEEP WEAPON HAND FREE* 3. Use non weapon hand to hold flashlight 4. Keep visual contact on the driver and the inside of the vehicle
Approach to Traffic Stop:
consideration/empathy or sit/haunch to get to their level
Appropriate body language techniques when interacting with: Children
sit down, speak slowly, and clearly
Appropriate body language techniques when interacting with: Elderly
command presence and officer safety
Appropriate body language techniques when interacting with: SUSPECTS
express empathy and adjust position to be eye level
Appropriate body language techniques when interacting with: Victims/Witnesses
yes, they are harder to kick in but easily defeated by taking the pins out
Are exposed exterior door hinges easily defeated?
Impressions
Are made by a harder material being pressed against a softer material / i.e. a crowbar (steel) being pressed against a wooden door or aluminum frame
type of doctor can legally sign an Arizona death certificate?
Arizona licensed M.D. or D.Os
three classification for Street robberies
Armed Unarmed Purse snatch
13-3883.
Arrest by officer without warrant A peace officer may, without a warrant, arrest a person if he has probable cause to believe: 1. A felony has been committed and probable cause to believe the person to be arrested has committed the felony. 2. A misdemeanor has been committed in his presence and probable cause to believe the person to be arrested has committed the offense. 3. The person to be arrested has been involved in a traffic accident and violated any criminal section of title 28, and that such violation occurred prior to or immediately following such traffic accident. 4. A misdemeanor or a petty offense has been committed and probable cause to believe the person to be arrested has committed the offense.
Initial, victims
Arrest notifications (A.R.S. 13-4406) "Notice of _____ Appearance" requires the arresting officer's agency to notify ____ of the date, time and place of the initial appearance of a suspect after the suspect has been arrested. (P.O. 6.2.4)
1. Determine if there is probable cause to make an arrest. 2. Make whatever arrest is reasonably necessary under the circumstances. 3. Do not wait until the next day to make an arrest or wait for investigators to make an arrest, the suspect(s) may escape if you delay the arrest.
Arresting suspects. (P.O. 5.1.1D)
C. Emotional Involvement
As officers what must we be able to control when dealing with a high stress situation? A. Heart Rate B. Urge to Pee C. Emotional Involvement
1. Offset position, right half (1⁄2) of the police vehicle in line with the left half (1⁄2) of the violator vehicle. 2. 15 to 22 feet behind the violator vehicle. 3. Spotlight pointed into the rear-view mirror of the violator. 4. Unlock the right side, front door of patrol vehicle.
As the vehicle begins to pull over and come to a stop, position the police car to: (P.O.4.2.4B)
When contacting a driver of a suspected stolen vehicle what question should you ask?
Ask the driver to whom the vehicle is registered and at what address
1. *Conduct a warrant and license status check on MDT or Radio* 2. Once the information is entered into the MDT get out and stand behind the open passenger door 3. Fill out your citation from this position 4. Dont bury your head in your work 5. If Driver is non compliant and gets out, tell them what you want them to do and both of you stand on the side of the road while you fill out the citation 6. *Keep yourself and the driver out of the roadway*
At the Patrol Car:
Where is the most common zone for assault to take place?
Attack zone
28-1594.
Authority to detain persons A peace officer or duly authorized agent of a traffic enforcement agency may stop and detain a person as is reasonably necessary to investigate an actual or suspected violation of this title and to serve a copy of the traffic complaint for an alleged civil or criminal violation of this title
AFIS
Automated Fingerprint Identification System
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Average age of juveniles for sex trafficking is ____ years old.
what should you not do to a suspect during a one-on-one identification?
Avoid handcuffing the suspect or placing him/her in a patrol car prior to show up, unless officer safety considerations require otherwise
In Law Enforcement it's important to know your beat and get to know the residents, what is this called? A. Community Policing B. Building a rapport with community C. being polite
B
In many cultures______________ can be a sign of disrespect? A. Smiling B. Eye Contact C. respect
B
Reducing police community conflict, reducing law suits, and increasing officer safety are all important reasons for officers to understand the changes in the..? A) Criminal Justice system B) Diversity of the community C) Police department
B
The values we learned in life started at a young age and are influenced by different individuals, Which of these is NOT an influence of values? A. Family B. Neighbors C. Schools
B
Why is it important for L.E. to be aware of cultural differences? A. To better communicate with different cultures B greater community and cooperation C Because we need to know what food to order at ethnical restaurants
B
Within police culture, police officers, regardless of their cultural background and the nature of the job, what kind of communicators are they? A. Non-verbal B. Lower context C. high strung
B
*Spending time with civic organizations, contact with community organizations, and school groups, is a good way for officers to do what? * A) Enforce the spirit of the law B) Influence community attitude towards LE C) Find out who is committing crimes
B influence community attitude towards LE
If an officer does not make direct eye contact with members of the public, does this tend to influence the image of law enforcement within the community? A) Yes B) No
B no
To avoid tunnel vision and avoid mishaps during a pursuit, what is the rule to remember? A) 2-4-6 B) 2-4-12 C) 4-6-12
B) 2-4-12
How many people does it take to be considered an organized group/gang? A) 2 or more B) 3 or more C) 4 or more
B) 3 or more
28-624 defines: A) Operating w/ due regard B) Authorized Emergency vehicles C) Unlawful flight from LE vehicles
B) Authorized Emergency vehicles
When responding to a traffic pursuit you must balance offensive driving with what? A) Aggressive driving B) Defensive driving C) Apex turns
B) Defensive driving
What type of distraction is driving and typing on the in car computer? A) Multi-tasking B) Inattention C) Negligence
B) Inattention
How does organized crime hide money? A) Drug runners B) Laundering C) Members inside the banks
B) Laundering
What is the formula for converting velocity to Feet Per Second? A) FPS x 1.47 B) MPH x 1.47 C) MPH divided by 1.47
B) MPH x 1.47
What is the most common type of gang in AZ? A) Hispanic gangs B) Motorcycle gangs C) Prison gangs
B) Motorcycle gangs
The Sergeant overheard people saying you are always responding to calls late and need to get there faster. Feeling the need to respond to calls first, you get into an accident. What is this an example of? A) Inexperience B) Peer Pressure C) Poor driving technique
B) Peer Pressure
To successfully operate in a pursuit an officer must have what? A) Permission from supervisor B) Proper attitude and mindset C) Proper shuffle steering
B) Proper attitude and mindset
When operating emergency vehicles with lights and siren, rolling up the windows will help with what? A) Tunnel vision B) Radio communications C) Hearing when Van Halen is on the radio
B) Radio communications
What can effect citizen's from seeing an officer's vehicle? A) Their speed B) The weather C) night time
B) The weather
When a vehicle executes a turn, what type of breaking is this? A) Pedal breaking B) Turning break C) Engine break
B) Turning break
When operating authorized vehicles, we are allowed to violate traffic laws when? A) Lights are on B) Using due regard C) Because we're the cops
B) Using due regard
What sense is most affected by fatigue? A) Hearing B) Vision C) Ability to recognize Van Halen songs
B) Vision
A communication technique use by certain cultures, this one, is how people arrange information? A. body movements B. Sequence C. Phasing
B.
A good way for L.E. to enforce a positive community outlook towards L.E. is to? A. Patrol more often to be seen B. Spend time with organizations and school groups C. Build trust
B.
If L.E. are unethical, uncaring and apathetic toward the needs of the community, it could portray a? A. cops are a-holes B. negative stereotypes toward L.E C. They are doing their job
B.
One of the many roles of L.E. is to? A surveillance B. Sequence C communicate with other L.E.
B.
Promoting a positive image of the police can be achieved by A. Being in your vehicle patrolling B. initiating programs in schools C. Having lunch with civilians
B.
The number one complaint the public has about L.E. is that they are A. insensitive B. Rudeness C. Unfriendly
B.
What is one factor that does NOT influence the image of L.E. in the community regarding an officer's judgement or behavior? A. Treat people fairly B. Use of force C. Behavior on and off duty
B.
*What is the target rate for chest compression?* A. 50 bpm B. 100 bpm C. 150 bpm
B. 100 bpm
*How long does pain from angina pectoris last usually?* A. 30 min B. 2-15 min C. 30 seconds
B. 2-15min
*The normal respirator rate of a child should be between how many breaths per minute?* A. 12-20 B. 20- 25 C. 50-60
B. 20-25 bpm
Children CPR: A. 30:2 (1 or 2 rescue) w/ 2 inches B. 30:2 (1 rescue) w/2 inches/ 15:2 (2 rescue) C. 30:2 (1 rescue w/ 1/3 depth of chest/ 15:2 (2 rescue)
B. 30:2 (1 rescue) w/2 inches/ 15:2 (2 rescue)
an area damaged by scraping or wearing away by friction A. Ante Mortem B. Abrasion C. Laceration
B. Abrasion
What are the 2 major shocks? A. Stroke, Heart Attack B. Anaphylactic, Hypovolemic C. Anaphylactic, Hyperovlemic
B. Anaphylactic, Hypovolemic
Where is the radius and ulna bones located? A. Skull B. Arm C. Leg
B. Arm
What part of the body system transports blood away from the heart? A. Veins, Dark red, *steady flow* lacks oxygen B. Arteries, Bright red has oxygen C. Capillaries , red oozes slow
B. Arterties, Bright red, has oxygen
Accuracy is ensuring to write events down: A. When we have time B. As soon as they're discovered and happened C. Only if we think it's important.
B. As soon as they're discovered and happened
*What is Hypovolemic Shock?* A. Allergic Reaction B. Blood/Fluid Loss C. Cyanosis
B. Blood/Fluid Loss
When you check a pulse on an adult, which artery do you check? A. Brachial Artery B. Carotid Artery C. Femural Artery
B. Carotid Artery
*Where is the Sternum located?* A. Skull B. Chest C. Leg
B. Chest
Where is the xiphoid process located? A. Skull B. Chest C. Leg
B. Chest
What federal agency should you report to involving drugs? A. FBI B. DEA C. GIITEM
B. DEA
Describing the physical condition and location of body is important when conducting what? A. SIDS B. Death Investigation C. Lividity
B. Death Investigation
When is it appropriate to use profanity, slang, and jargon in a police report? A. Brief and concise B. direct quotations C. IR/police report
B. Direct quotations
An operator may violate traffic laws while maintaining ___ ______. A. Positive Attitude B. Due regard C. Speed & Control
B. Due Regard
What type of burn would come from a sufficient voltage and amperage is passed through the human body, destroying tissue? A. Thermal Burn B. Electrical Burn C. Chemical Burn
B. Electrical Burn
What type of gang is associated with *arson*, vandalism, assaults/aggravated assaults, intimidation, *bombings*, homicides, etc? A. Criminal Street Gangs. B. Extremist Groups C. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG). D. Prison Gangs / Security Threat Groups (STG).
B. Extremist Groups
True or false *There is a statutory requirement under Arizona Revised Statutes for a police officer to render medical aid.* A. True , there is B. False, there is not
B. False, there is not
If one gang were to paint over another gang's graffiti, what would most likely happen? A. To mark their territory B. Gang Retaliation C. To help monitor gang activity in the neighborhoods
B. Gang Retaliation
CPR on adult needs to be done: A. slow & soft B. hard & fast
B. Hard & Fast
*Dehydration is a type of?* A. Heat Emergencies B. Heat Related Illness C. Stroke
B. Heat Related Illness
Smith is lifting weights and McCannon comes and asks for some pre-workout. Smith gets mad and beats McCannon with a dumbbell to death. What manner of death was used? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Accidental D. Suicide
B. Homicide
Late Apex is? A. Hugging the inside at the entry of the turn. B. Hugging the inside at the exit of the turn. C. Hugging the inside at the middle of the turn. (This is the fastest, like a race car uses)
B. Hugging the inside at the exit of the turn.
Unconscious patients, those who cannot speak for themselves, a child w/o parent/ guardian available, or a mentally incompetent adult needing emergency care would fall under what type of consent? A.Pre-hospital directives B. Implied Consent C. Actual Consent
B. Implied Consent
The concept of when a patient is made aware of the benefits and consequences of the care being provided to them is called? A.Pre-hospital directives B. Informed Consent C. Actual Consent
B. Informed Consent
What is the 3rd firearms safety rule? A. Do not point the gun at anything you are not willing to destroy B. Keep your finger straight along the frame until you are on target and have decided to fire C. All guns are loaded D. Be sure of your target and surroundings
B. Keep your finger straight along the frame until you are on target and have decided to fire
Do not state cause of death. (this can only be completed by the _____ ______). A. Sergeant On-Duty B. Medical Examiner C. Fire department
B. Medical Examiner
The conclusion of a report should never state an officer's __________. A. Administrative B. Opinion C. Infra-deparmental
B. Opinion
Impaired blood flow to a newborn may be the result of what? A. Breech Delivery B. Prolapsed umbilical cord C. Nothing
B. Prolapsed umbilical cord
What color is associated with the Bloods? A. Blue B. Red C. Green
B. Red
Frothy or blood-tinged mucous or vomit may be present in, or around, the nose and/or mouth is a sign of death for what? A. Ante Mortem B. SIDS C. Post Mortem
B. SIDS
Officer Smith recently graduated and felt pressure to do well. He was involved in an accident and during investigation he denied wrong doing. He displayed ____-_____________. A. Over-confidence B. Self-Righteousness C. Impatience
B. Self-Righteousness
The relationship of the sights and the target is called what? A. Sight Alignment B. Sight picture C. The front sight
B. Sight picture
You need to perform a Phase 1 Malfunction Clearance, what should you do? A. Move to cover, lock the slide to the rear, remove the mag, cycle twice, reload B. Tap & Rack & Move to Cover C. Tap & Rack
B. Tap & Rack & Move to Cover
*What is one of the main causes of an airway obstruction?* A. Boogers B. Tongue C. Salvia
B. Tongue
*Assessing individuals based on the severity of their injuries is called?* A. Scene Assessment B. Triage C. Medical Assistance
B. Triage
What are the 2 most important fundamentals of *basic marksmanship*? A. Grip & Stance B. Trigger control & Sight alignment C. Grip & Slight Alignment
B. Trigger control & Sight alignment
Follow through is the quick recovery of what two things? A. Grip & Stance B. Trigger to trigger prep & Sight alignment C. Grip & Slight Alignment
B. Trigger to trigger prep & Sight alignment
Good Samaritan law does not protect officers on duty. A. False B. True
B. True
A criminal street gang member must have at least ____ of the seven criteria to classify that they are a street gang member. A. One B. Two C. Three
B. Two
A startled reaction or consciously pressing the trigger, but not really intending to fire, such as at the end of a "dry" practice session after the weapon has been loaded. What type of weapon discharge is this? A. Intentional B. Unintentional C. Accidental
B. Unintentional
When there are no signs of foul play or natural death what manner of death could be concluded? A. Natural B. Unknown C. Accidental D. Suicide
B. Unknown
A Seatbelt may help maintain? A. Officer Safety B. Vehicle Control C. Defensive Driving
B. Vehicle Control
*When providing emergency care, your best defense against most infectious diseases would be to?* A. Hazmat Suit B. Wear latex or vinyl gloves C. Soap and water
B. Wear latex or vinyl gloves
What would increase your braking distance? A. Speed of vehicle B. Wet Street C. Gravel
B. Wet Street
What is cover? A. something to hide you from view but will not stop bullets B. anything that will stop, and peed or alter the flight or a bullet
B. anything that will stop, and peed or alter the flight or a bullet
What are the rods of your eye responsible for? A. Cells used for day vision B. cells for night or low-light vision
B. cells for night or low-light vision
If a patient refuses service, what must you do? A. stop immediately B. document the refusal C. continue to render aid
B. document the refusal
True or False: If an officer is found to have used improper deadly force, no criminal or civil penalties can be assessed, as police officers are immune. A. true B. false
B. false
Foreign body obstruction for an infant: A. heimlich, by standing behind them B. hold face down, 5 back blows, then 5 chest thrusts C. Kneel, heimlich, standing behind them
B. hold face down, 5 back blows, then 5 chest thrusts
Visible use of chest and neck muscles is a sign of what for an infant and child? A. choking B. inadequate breathing C. broken leg
B. inadequate breathing
what is not a sign of death? A. insect activity B. laceration to head C. rigor mortis
B. laceration to head
Can trigger finger be on the trigger while challenging an armed subject? A. yes B. no
B. no
In regards to firearms safety at home, is it ok to store a loaded firearm in open view if there are no children in the house? A. yes, they are trained well B. no, its not safe
B. no, its not safe
What is the first step in writing a report? A. Investigation B. note taking C. contact
B. note taking
Police reports are also a great tool to help department with: A. statistical data B. officer evaluation and performance C. IR/police report
B. officer evaluation and performance
If a person can not talk or a suspect took off running and became unconscious, the first thing you should do is? A. handcuff them B. perform ABC's C. walk away
B. perform ABC's
*Your ______ safety is always your primary concern.* A. officer B. personal C. community
B. personal
The victim is essentially the crime scene you need to preserve. What should you not allow the victim to do? A. shave, shower, go potty B. shower, bathe, eat/drink C. bathe, eat, and drink
B. shower, bathe, eat/drink
*When veins bleed, it is best described as ?* A. fast flow of bright red blood B. steady flow of dark red blood
B. steady flow of dark red blood
Rigor mortis is: A. surgical cut made in skin or flesh B. stiffening of the joints and muscles of a body a few hours after death, usually lasting from one to four days. C. area damaged by scraping or wearing away
B. stiffening of the joints and muscles of a body a few hours after death, usually lasting from one to four days.
True or False: If an officer is found to improperly use deadly force, it can lead to civil and criminal penalties for the officer. A. false B. true
B. true
The equipment you use to protect yourself and others from bodily fluids?
BSI- Body Substance Isolation
B. True
Barbiturates have a depressant effect on the Central Nervous System. A. false B. True
when taking photographs of victims it is important to be aware of?
Be sensitive to the embarrassment/privacy of the victim.
When you are kicking a suspect to make them comply, what area do you kick on the leg and what is that point called?
Below the waist in the Common Peroneal Nerve
A. Color Coded
Blood obtained from a victim or a suspect for analysis must be placed in the ____ ____vials or tubes which are available at hospitals. A. Color Coded B. Plastic Bag C. Clear Tube
Entry Techniques
Button hook- Curl around the door frame to the other side of the wall Crisscross - The first officer enters the doorway (low), crossing to the opposite side of the doorway from where he/she started, second officer follows crossing opposite direction
*How can you build a rapport and get to know the community you serve? * A) Arrest as many people as possible B) Only give warnings C) Spend time getting to know locals and businesses
C
Common negative stereotypes of law enforcement are all of these EXCEPT? A. Unethical B. Overweight and out of shape C. Pessimistic
C
Relies on meaning and casual relationships or possibilities beyond what the conscious mind sees, what is this called? A. Thinking B. Feeling C. Intuition
C
Who does it effect when an officer anywhere acts in an unethical manner? A) The state in which the officer works B) Only the agency the officer works for C) All officers everywhere
C all officers everywhere
What percent of driving is mental? A) 50% B) 80% C) 90%
C) 90%
What does a cloud over a name represent? A) The head of the gang B) A member in prison C) A deceased member
C) A deceased member
A recent graduate from the academy, had little patience and felt peer pressure to get to calls first. While in route to a low priority call he violated the 2-4-12 rule and got into an accident. This was most likely caused by? A) Poor driving technique B) Inexperience C) Impatience
C) Impatience
Statistics show seat belts help reduce what? A) Collisions B) Reaction time C) Injury
C) Injury
An officer spent the day in court then had to work the night shift. During a pursuit he failed to observe the suspect brake and rear ended the suspect, what contributed to this? A) Preoccupation B) Impatience C) Longer perception time due to fatigue
C) Longer perception time due to fatigue
In what U.S. city did we first see Hispanic gangs? A) Chicago B) Philadelphia C) Los Angeles
C) Los Angeles
What is the most dangerous situation to respond to? A) Traffic stop B) Shoplifting call C) Officer assistance call
C) Officer assistance call
An officer is arguing with their spouse on the phone while responding to a call. This is an example of what? A) Impatience B) Fatigue C) Preoccupation
C) Preoccupation
Why does a gang member strive to achieve status in a gang? A) Access to money and drugs B) To get girls C) Protection, status, profit, and Because it's something they've not achieved outside the gang
C) Protection, status, profit, and Because it's something they've not achieved outside the gang
If the speed of a vehicle doubles, what does the stopping distance do? A) Doubles B) Triples C) Quadruples
C) Quadruples
When a vehicles speed doubles, what does the vehicle energy do? A) Doubles B) Triples C) Quadruples
C) Quadruples
The primary concern of an officer in a pursuit is? A) Getting to the call fast B) Shuffle steering C) Safety of themselves and others
C) Safety of themselves and others
A.R.S. 28-622.01 defines? A) Operating w/ due regard B) Authorized Emergency vehicles C) Unlawful flight from Law Enforcement vehicles
C) Unlawful flight from Law Enforcement vehicles
When an officer experiences loss of control in a pursuit, it is typically because? A) Didn't use shuffle steering B) You had tunnel vision C) You exceeded the limitations of the vehicle
C) You exceeded the limitations of the vehicle
According to psychologist Carl Young, police officers like what form of communication? A.Intuitive-feeling B. Non-communication C. Sensing-thinking
C.
In order for Law Enforcement to Maintain order, prevent crime, and educate the community they must do what? A. Maintain professionalism B. Increased enforcement C. Community Service
C.
What is the percentage of the community that does not support L.E.? A. 90% B. 50% C. 10%
C. 10%
What times to officers get killed or feloniously assaulted? A. 0700-1500 hours B. All hours C. 1800-0600
C. 1800-0600
How long should you palpate an adults pulse to determine rate, volume and regularity of pulse? A. 5 min B. 1 Min C. 30 Seconds
C. 30 Seconds
Infant CPR: A. 30:2 (1 or 2 rescue) w/ 2 inches B. 30:2 (1 rescue) w/2 inches/ 15:2 (2 rescue) C. 30:2 (1 rescue w/ 1/3 depth of chest/ 15:2 (2 rescue)
C. 30:2 (1 rescue w/ 1/3 depth of chest/ 15:2 (2 rescue)
How many vertebrae are there? A. 31 B. 32 C. 33
C. 33
*A full-size adult can hold how many liters of blood?* A. 10-12 liters B. 1-3 liters C. 5-6 liters
C. 5-6 liters
The normal circulatory rate of an adult should be between how many beats per minute? A. 150-180 B. 80-140 C. 60-100
C. 60-100
What percentage of the community generally supports law enforcement? A) 50% B) 80% C) 90%
C. 90%
What is the ratio of the amount of mental and physical effort it takes to drive a vehicle? A) I just drive. B) 80% physical; 20% mental C) 90% mental; 10% physical
C. 90% Mental, 10% Physical
*If you leave the patient or victim that is injured before EMS arrives, this is considered?* A. Neglect B. Smart C. Abandonment
C. Abandonment
A mechanical failure or a holster strap/piece of clothing getting inside the trigger guard while holstering. What type of weapon discharge is this? A. Intentional B. Unintentional C. Accidental
C. Accidental
An Airplane crash, Electrocution, Industrial, Drowning, Auto-erotic are examples of which manner of death? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Accidental D. Suicide
C. Accidental
Hubert is taking a long bubble bath. She decides she would be productive and blow dry her hair while in the bath. She accidentally drops the blow dryer in the tub and gets electrocuted to death. What type of manner of death would to be? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Accidental D. Auto-Erotic
C. Accidental
The patient gives authorization or consent either in written or verbal form. The patient must be informed of your intent. What type of consent is this? A. Pre-hospital directives B. Implied Consent C. Actual Consent
C. Actual Consent
What is the 1st firearms safety rule? A. Do not point the gun at anything you are not willing to destroy B. Keep your finger straight along the frame until you are on target and have decided to fire C. All guns are loaded D. Be sure of your target and surroundings
C. All guns are loaded
During an arterial bleed dressing becomes soaked what should you do? A. Stuff the wound with gauze B. replace the gauze periodically C. Apply additional dressings and pressure to control the bleeding
C. Apply additional dressings and pressure to control the bleeding
What are the 4 main parts of the semi-automatic pistol (Excluding the magazine)? A. Slide, Gun, Trigger, Grip B. Slide, Lower, Upper, Barrel C. Barrel, Frame, Slide, Recoil Spring w/guide rod
C. Barrel, Frame, Slide, Recoil Spring w/guide rod
*What are some resources we should identify at a scene?* A. Blood, Alcohol, drugs B. Witness, Suspect, Victim C. Bystanders, family, equipment
C. Bystanders, family, equipment
_______ - the end of the arteries where they become microscopic and the walls become very thin, allowing the exchange of food and waste to take place. This is called _______. A. Veins B. Arterties C. Capillaries, Perfusion
C. Capillaries, Perfusion
What type of burn would come from a household, automotive, or industrial source? A. Thermal Burn B. Electrical Burn C. Chemical Burn
C. Chemical Burn
*The major part of the body that moves blood is called?* A. Respiratory System B. Muscular System C. Circulatory System
C. Circulatory System
What ability does fatigue most likely affect? A. Vision B. Vehicle Control C. Decision/Reaction Time
C. Decision / Reaction Time
If a suspect turns on to gravel road, that affects what? A. Weather Conditions B. Physical Conditions C. Driving Conditions
C. Driving Conditions
*The proper way to open a person's Airway?* A. Jaw Thrust B. C Spine C. Head tilt chin lift
C. Head tilt chin lift
True Apex is? A. Hugging the inside at the entry of the turn. B. Hugging the inside at the exit of the turn. C. Hugging the inside at the middle of the turn. (This is the fastest, like a race car uses)
C. Hugging the inside at the middle of the turn. (This is the fastest, like a race car uses)
General cooling of the body, shivering, feelings of numbness are signs of what? A. Frostbite B. Sweating C. Hypothermia
C. Hypothermia
A written document containing factual information about an event is
C. IR/police report
When conducting dry fire practice, where should the ammo be? A. In the gun B. On the table C. In another room
C. In another room
a deep cut or tear in skin or flesh. A. Ante Mortem B. Abrasion C. Laceration
C. Laceration
Where is the Fibia bone located? A. Skull B. Arm C. Leg
C. Leg
Where is the Tibia bone located? A. Skull B. Arm C. Leg
C. Leg
The event or force that cause injury is called? A. Impact Injury B. Secondary Injury C. Mechanism of Injury
C. Mechanism of Injury
What is the most important sign to monitor in a head injury patient? A. Physical State B. Emotional state C. Mental State
C. Mental State
The primary hand should grip the weapon as high as possible to reduce what? A. the gun flying out of your hands B. Muzzle depression C. Muzzle Rise
C. Muzzle Rise
You're at an accident scene I need to move a victim to safety, how should you move them? A. Seal Team Rescue B. Drag them by their feet C. One rescuer drag/POPAT drag style
C. One rescuer drag/POPAT drag style
What type of gang is associated with drug trafficking, intimidation, stolen property, *weapons offenses*, murder for hire, intimidation, etc? A. Criminal Street Gangs. B. Extremist Groups C. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG). D. Prison Gangs / Security Threat Groups (STG).
C. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG)
What should always remain the same no matter the conditions? A. Driver Reaction Time B. Passenger Reaction Time C. Perception/reaction time
C. Perception/reaction time
Examination of a dead body to determine the cause of death. A. Ante Mortem B. Pre Mortem C. Post Mortem
C. Post Mortem
While driving on a wet street, what factor stays the same? A. Speed of vehicle B. Vehicle Control C. Reaction Time
C. Reaction time
The key legal words in an officer's use of deadly force are? A. Accurate & Precision B. Politically Correct & Reasonable C. Reasonable & Necessary
C. Reasonable & Necessary
*The first step in a primary or initial assessment is to see if the patient is what?* A. Alert B. Conscious C. Responsive
C. Responsive
A patient is not responding to your voice you should tap the chest to check for? A. Heart Beat B. Breaths C. Responsiveness
C. Responsiveness
An officer responds to a burglary suspect being chased, the suspect runs at him with firearm, what should he do? A. Bail out/ Abandon the vehicle B. Fire back through the windshield C. Run him over
C. Run him over
*You respond to a scene where the victim was shot in the chest, and they have a sucking chest wound, what should you do so the victim can breathe?* A. Start CPR B. Stuff the wound with gauze C. Seal the wound with 3 sides closed
C. Seal the wound with 3 sides closed
Why would someone want to join a gang? A. For the Tattoos B. Hoes & Money C. Status, Protection & Profit
C. Status, Protection & Profit
A Gunshot wound, Hanging, Poisoning, Carbon monoxide inhalation, Suffocation or physical injury, and Slashing wrists are examples of which manner of death? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Suicide D. Unknown
C. Suicide
For an accurate shot, the eye should be focused on what? A. Sight Alignment B. Sight picture C. The front sight
C. The front sight
Where is the femur bone located? A. The upper arm B. Neck C. The leg
C. The leg
Why would you use informants? A. To mark their territory B. Gang Retaliation C. To help monitor gang activity in the neighborhoods
C. To help monitor gang activity in the neighborhoods
What are the 3 ways a weapon is discharged? A. Intentional, Accidental, & Environmental B. Unintentional, Accidental, & User Error C. Unintentional, Accidental, & Intentional
C. Unintentional, Accidental, & Intentional
Since you're bringing a firearm into your home whose responsibility is it to ensure untrained adults and children do not have access? A. Your Police Department B. Fire Department C. Yours!
C. Yours
Report Writing/Documentation is ______ to all death investigations A. not necessary B. necessary C. crucial
C. crucial
Memorandums are used for ________________________ communication. A. Administrative B. Opinion C. Infra-deparmental
C. infra-departmental
The best way to take field notes is to write them in _____ form. A. Essay B. powerpoint C. outline
C. outline
Avoid the use of leading questions and actions that could lead to the feelings of what? A. suicide B. happiness C. self blame
C. self blame
Obtain a thorough description of the ______, including weapons, and broadcast it to back-up units conducting an area search. A. witness B. Victim C. suspect
C. suspect
When actively engaged in your duties approximately 93% of your time is spent doing what with community members? A) Writing them citations B) Taking them to court C) Verbally interacting with them
C. verbally interacting with them
what do the numbers 13 and 14 show affiliation to?
California or Arizona prison gangs
What do you call the second paragraph of a report?
Call Details
A. Yes
Can ATTC be used for misdemeanor criminal violations (non-traffic: shoplifting, disorderly conduct, theft) A. Yes B. No
B. Yes
Can a traffic citation be used for both State and City Codes? A. No B. Yes
B. YES, education does matter
Can the level of a person's education can affect his/her ability to understand the situation, the directions you ask them? A. NO, education doesn't matter B. YES, education does matter
No, ask them to take the documents out of the wallet
Can you take the violators wallet if they hand it to you?
1. Officers should go from door to door asking questions of potential witnesses. 2. Officers may have to go to different houses, businesses or different people in a group. 3. Sometimes people are willing to give information, but will not do so until they are asked individually.
Canvassing area (P.O. 5.1.2A)
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING AS METHODS FOR LOCATING WITNESSES, VICTIMS AND SUSPECTS NOT PRESENT AT CRIME/ACCIDENT SCENES:
Canvassing area. Media broadcasts. "Confidential witness programs" (monetary rewards for information leading to arrests). Contacting the person(s) who may have been in the area at the time of the incident (i.e., the person(s) working in the area or passing through the area
_____ ___ ____ what caused the person to die
Cause of death
Once the forensic examination is completed, the sexual assault kit is identified as evidence. An officer must establish and maintain what?
Chain of Custody
A. validity and authenticity
Check both the ______ and ______ of the violator's driver's license. A. validity and authenticity B. Name and date of birth C. validity and name
_________ are easier to control and less thought of as a trafficking victim and are not always from low economic households.
Children
Common Victims of Human Trafficking and Sex Trafficking and why
Children, because they are easier to control and less thought of as a trafficking victim and are not always from low economic households.
What are Indirect sources of DNA?
Cigarette buts, drink containers, straws, food, clothing, hats, eyeglasses, facial / bathroom tissue, condoms, bite marks, licked area, bedding, items at the location.
- speeding - Illegal turns
Civil Violation
21-28 days
Civil citation will have court appearance:
Improper use of force can result in ____ and _________ prosecution.
Civil; Criminal
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING PROCEDURES FOR SECURING AND PROTECTING A CRIME SCENE:
Close off immediate area. 1. Secure the area using crime scene tape, saw horses, closing doors, cone barriers, etc. 2. Station officers at the appropriate locations. 3. Start a crime scene log
A. "rat nose"
Cocaine can cause: A. Rat Nose B. Mouse Face C. Chicken Butt
28-1592
Commencement of action A civil traffic violation case is commenced by issuance or filing of a uniform traffic complaint as provided in this article.
*What is the best trait with interacting with community?*
Communication
___________ & ___________ among all of the responding units is absolutely critical.
Communication & coordination
1. Soft on crime 2. A program or just a foot patrol or bicycle patrol, or a single youth program 3. Simply initiating Block watch programs 4. A specialty unit 5. A program that replaces traditional policing activities
Community Policing is not...?
1. education 2. community involvement
Community based policing and crime prevention stresses:
1. use black ball point pen 2. block letters 3. NCIC abbreviations used 4. Fill in all blanks (start from top and work your way down) -- top to bottom, left to right 5.use the word "none" if the information is not available
Completing a citation 1: (JFYI)
1. Names will be spelled out completely 2. If first and middle name is an initial only, the word "only" (in parenthesis) will be written after the initials 3. Can write middle initial instead of entire middle name 4. No middle initial= "None" 5. complete address including zip code and apartment number 6. Get physical address instead of PO box 7. Round the physical descriptors to nearest round number 8. NCIC abbreviation used for hair and eye color (black= BLK, brown= BRO) 9. Obtain employer information, approx location OK is except address is unknown
Completing a citation 2: (JFYI)
1. NCIC vehicle descriptions used 2. If LP is unavailable leave the space bank 3. Classification of the plate may be added above the license number (handicap, dealer, etc) 4. Write specific location of where the violation was FIRST OBSERVED 5. Write specific traffic code or statue using hyphens and periods as written in Title 28 (28-702.A) 6. Provide written description of the violation (speed greater than reasonable and prudent) 7. Provide violation speed
Completing a citation 3: (JFYI)
1. Indicate civil or criminal violation 2. Write in appropriate court date 3. Sign the citation and print name legibly 4. Drivers signature in space provided
Completing a citation 4: (JFYI)
1. Officers will usually write one (1) or some combination of the following reports when responding to a crime scene: a. Face sheet of facts. b. A narrative report of what the officer observed and did. c. Attach witness statements, if necessary. d. Complete any specialty report form necessary. 2. Write a supplemental report supplementing another officer's original, preliminary investigation report. 3. Make a notation in the patrol log.
Completing writing reports as required.(P.O. 5.1.1G)
Once the validity of a barricade/hostage call has been established, the first patrol officer at the scene is responsible for implementing the following procedures:
Consider available resources (K-9, air unit, additional officers, etc.). Secure the area, isolate and contain the scene. Request appropriate assistance, the SWAT negotiator, if available. Establishing a solid four (4)-point perimeter. After the initial perimeter is established, establish an outer perimeter to control. ( i. Traffic. ii. Media. iii. Pedestrians. iv. Evacuees.) Set up a command post and give its location and safest route to all concerned units. Gather intelligence information on the subject(s), the hostage(s) and their locations.
1. Language- simple language 2. Prior History 3. Trauma- Post Traumatic Stress symptoms
Consider these 3 things when talking to a child:
_________/_________ is the primary tactic that an officer will use when arriving on the scene as a back-up unit.
Contact/cover Contact officer: The primary officer on the call - he/she will conduct all contacts, interviews, F.I. cards, inquiries, pat downs, arrests, etc. Cover officer: The back-up officer - he/she will take a tactical advantage on the scene and cover the primary officer as he/she conducts his/her business.
1. Construction workers. 2. Utility company workers. 3. Cab drivers. 4. Students attending classes. 5. Others.
Contacting the person(s) who may have been in the area at the time of the incident (i.e., the person(s) working in the area or passing through the area). (P.O. 5.1.2D)
1. Neighborhood Watch or Block Watch. 2. Operation Identification. 3. Crime Free Multi-Housing Program (CFMH). 4. Silent Witness Program. 5. Sexual assault awareness class. 6. Stranger Danger. 7. McGruff the Crime Dog. 8. Security surveys. 9. School Resource Officers. 10. D.A.R.E. (Drug Abuse Resistance Education). 11. G.R.E.A.T. (Gang Resistance Education and Training). 12. Wake Up! C.E.A.S. Violence (Community Effort to Abate Street Violence).
Crime Prevention Programs include:
urban planning tool that emphasizes the use of physical design features and land use characteristics to *reduce or remove opportunities* for criminal activity and to *deter* criminal behavior
Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) is:
When detectives/investigators are not responding, you should maintain contact with the victim because they are part of your what?
Crime Scene
-victim -suspect -location *remove one and crime can not occur*
Crime needs 3 elements (crime triangle):
Core components of community policing
Crime prevention Community partners Problem solving
the anticipation, the recognition, and the appraisal of a crime risk and the initiation of action to remove or reduce it
Crime prevention is?
B. True
Crime scene sketches specifically show relationships concerning space and the distance of objects. A. False B. True
within 10 days
Criminal Violation will have court appearance:
- hit and run - fictitious plates - suspended license - reckless driving - aggressive driving - DUI
Criminal Violations
Covert methods to rescuing victims of human trafficking
Customer apprehension programs a. Undercover detectives posing as trafficking victims. b. Undercover detectives posing as prostitutes.
When Caron attempts to choke himself and perform self-pleasure but ends up killing himself. what type of accidental death is that? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Accidental D. Auto-Erotic
D. Auto-Erotic
What is the 4th firearms safety rule? A. Do not point the gun at anything you are not willing to destroy B. Keep your finger straight along the frame until you are on target and have decided to fire C. All guns are loaded D. Be sure of your target and surroundings
D. Be sure of your target and surroundings
Gonzalez took six PCP pills and wanted to drive to Mexico. Later, police find Gonzalez dead in the back seat of the vehicle but no blood or injuries. What type of death occurred? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Accidental D. Pended
D. Pended- need examine to find cause of death
What type of gang is associated with drug trafficking, *extortion*, inter-gang violence, murder for hire, stolen property, etc? A. Criminal Street Gangs. B. Extremist Groups C. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs (OMG). D. Prison Gangs / Security Threat Groups (STG).
D. Prison Gangs / Security Threat Groups (STG).
Emily slashed her wrist but was able to be rushed to the hospital and be stabilized. What manner of death was Emily attempting to perform? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Accidental D. Suicide
D. Suicide
Found dead, No sign of foul play, No sign of natural death, and No doctor to sign are examples of which manner of death? A. Natural B. Homicide C. Suicide D. Unknown
D. Unknown
a. acknowledge the victim's ordeal & reassure his/her safety b. Be an *active listener* c. Ask diversionary, reality questions d. allow the victim to do what they can do (pose simple choices to help victims regain some sense of control e. Explain all options & procedures that will follow f. Maintain appropriate eye contact, body posture & voice control
DEFUSING CRISIS SITUATIONS: (PO 6.2.3)
DOCUMENT ABUSED CHILDS ______/______/_______
DEMEANOR, BEHAVIOR, STATEMENTS
No _____from two (2) people is the same, except for identical twins. The ______ is extracted from a cell contained in a biological sample of evidence (semen, hair, blood, etc.).
DNA
do not place ____ in car because it will destroy it
DNA evidence
A. the same
DNA from identical twins will be: A. the same B. have similar characteristics
L.E. influence county, and the values in the community EXCEPT by doing?
Daily patrol breifings
B. 1 inch throw on bolt, Anti-wrench collar, high security strike plate, 3inch screws into wall frame
Dead Bolts have: A. Spring-loaded latch, Easily defeated, Often self locking. B. 1 inch throw on bolt, Anti-wrench collar, high security strike plate, 3inch screws into wall frame C. key cylinder on the outside
What is insect activity associated with?
Death
After the violator signs the citation, he/she will be given the ?
Defendant and Defensive Driving class information.
entry
Delay - by making ______ difficult and time consuming.
locking
Deny - property by ____ it up.
What should you note when you discover a dead body?
Describe physical condition and location of the body
expose
Detect - entry by lighting, landscaping and surveillance to _______ points of entry (alarms, dogs, etc.).
signals
Deter - by the ______ your property sends to the possible criminal.
signals
Deter - by the ______ your property sends to the possible criminals.
*What does AVPU stand for?*
Determines responsiveness: *Alert* - to person, place and time. *Verbal* - responds when spoken to or shouted at. *Painful* - responds to painful stimuli such as a sternal rub. *Unresponsive* - does not respond to any stimuli.
1. Try to determine what, if any, crime has occurred. (Title 13, city code, town charter) 2. What is the corpus delicti (essential elements pertaining to a crime) of the offense? (ex. a shooting requires a gun)
Determining if a crime has been committed: (P.O. 5.1.1C)
1) Morphine 2) Heroin 3) Codeine 4) Meperidine (Demoral) 5) Oxycodone (Perocodan) 6) Hydromorphine (Dilaudid) 7) Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
Different Opiates (all derived from the opium poppy)
Reducing police conflicts and law suits are examples of
Diversity of the community
B. Yes, it will always affect a situation
Do ALL people have Prejudices and Bias and will they ALWAYS affect the way a person acts and reacts to a situation? A. No, not all people do B. Yes, it will always affect a situation C. Depends on the situation
Documents
Documents that officers will come in contact with in relationship to criminal activity will usually be in the form of paper documents and credit cards. Laboratory analysis of documents will include fingerprinting, handwriting analysis, photography enhancement of erasures, identifying photocopied documents presented as originals and computer entered codes and data on credit cards.
has no legitimate use in the USA
Does Heroin have any medical use?
No, Citation can be sent in by CERTIFIED mail.
Does a violator have to be present to be served a citation?
A. Yes
Does building a positive self-concept of oneself allow officers to interact with more ease in their beat? A. Yes B. No
1. Stand behind the driver's/passenger's door post 2. Flashlight to follow all movements of the violator (verbal control the violator's movements) 3. Check front seat, floorboard, dash etc 4. Be constantly aware of drivers door 5. If appropriate have them shut off the vehicle 6. Ask for driver's license, registration, and insurance 7. If they hand you their wallet do not accept it and give them further instructions 8. Ask them if they know why they were stopped 9. Let them commit to the reason for the violation 10. Look at the license to verify it is the same person 11. Tell them to stay in the vehicle
Driver Contact:
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING ALTERNATIVE RESOURCES AND THEIR USES IN IDENTIFYING A PERSON:
Driver's licenses. Fingerprint checks. Law enforcement information systems (NCIC, ACIC, NLets, Alets, ACCH, LEJIS, MVD)
M.O. and any missing property in detail
During a burglary it is important to document what?
if was there a reasonable request made for the suspect to leave and get all suspect information (name, dob, address, etc)
During a criminal trespass it is important to document?
M.O. and document items taken (get value of item)
During a theft it is important to document what?
1. interview parents away from children. 2. Do not demean the child's parents or speak badly of them. 3. Express concern for the child. 4.. Avoid making an arrest or handcuffing the parent in the child's presence. 5. If the parent is cooperating, allow the parent to comfort the child and explain who will be taking care of them.
During an investigation involving an incarcerated parent, officers should consider these 5 things with the child:
1. May be matched by an odontologist for in court to provide suspect identification. 2. Usually obtained through the use of casts made by the suspect's teeth and/or photographs for analysis. 3. Saliva in and around bite mark. Swab for DNA and submit to lab.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Bite marks.* (P.O. 5.3.2D)
1. Clothing of the victim, suspect or witnesses. 2. An officer needs to be mindful of "theory of transfer" and trace evidence when handling any type of clothing. 3. Officers should always handle clothing items while wearing gloves which should be changed after each item. 4. Laboratory analysis of clothing will reveal the presence of items such as blood, saliva and semen and allow for DNA testing. 5. Reveal tattooing and powdering from gunshot wounds to establish the proximity of the weapon to the clothing article
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Clothing.* (P.O. 5.3.1O, P.O. 5.3.2L)
1. Do not attempt to de-activate devices yourself. Obtain specialized help from a bomb team. 2. Notify your supervisor. 3. Explosive materials and other hazardous materials require specialized handling and storage. 4. Other weapons commonly found at crime scenes, (knives/ blunt)
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Explosives (substances and devices).* (P.O. 5.3.8D and 5.3.8E)
1. Many fire department will use minimal methods. This will facilitate the gathering of flammable item evidence. 2. Common in fire/arson cases and is usually collected under tile shingles, carpet and floor baseboards. 3. The unconsumed flammable liquid is analyzed at the laboratory in a gas chromatography for the presence of an accelerant. 4. Only a minute quantity of the accelerant is needed. (Collect the original container as evidence when available). 5. Information obtained on the analysis includes the presence of an accelerant and the specific type used.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Flammables.* (P.O. 5.3.2H and 5.3.3H)
1. Officers must be careful to not get cut processing the scene. 2. Glass should be collected carefully in order to avoid breakage and then tagged. 3. Glass can reveal fingerprints, bullet holes, DNA
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Glass* (PO 5.3.1D)
1. Collect with clean tweezers or forceps. 2. Use an evidence vacuum sweeper if one is available. 3. Place a hair in a plastic or glass vial and seal.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Hair and fibers.* (P.O. 5.3.1B PO 5.3.1C P.O. 5.3.2I and 5.3.2J)
1. Photograph footprints, tool marks and tire prints. Photograph - 1 without a ruler or scale 1 with oblique lighting. 2. Cast - make a plaster or other type of cast only after you have photographed it. 3. A common item at crime scenes is tool marks - after photographing, try to obtain and impound the item the tool mark is in if it is small and portable enough.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Impressions * (P.O. 5.3.1K, 5.3.1L, 5.3.2B and 5.3.2E)
1. Liquids (such as alcohol) should be collected for evidence using sterile containers. a. Gloves should always be worn. b. If the liquid contains bio-hazard material, the officer should use a disposable mask/ eye goggles. 2. As with all items of evidence, liquids need to be gathered/packaged in separate containers.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Liquids.* (PO 5.3.2N and 5.3.2Q)
1. Lab analysis of paint chips can match samples to suspect vehicles and tools. 2. Small items - package and impound the entire item containing the chips or smears. Make sure you protect the area with the chips or smears by covering them with paper. 3. Loose chips - collect them with tweezers, forceps or wooden tongs.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Paint chips or smears.* (P.O. 5.3.1E, P.O. 5.3.2G)
1. Found in a crime scene involving perfume, cologne or other natural/ unnatural scents. 2. A laboratory analysis of scent articles may include the ability to determine what type of cologne, perfume or other product caused the scent. 3. Items should be air-dried prior to packaging for the laboratory.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Scent articles.* (P.O. 5.3.1N, P.O. 5.3.3N and P.O. 5.3.2M)
1. Dust for prints. 2. Unload and dust ammo. 3. Attach string tag and seal string.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Shoulder weapons* (P.O. 5.3.1F and 5.3.2C)
1. Collect at least one-half (1⁄2) pound when possible. 2. Place in a bag, then put the bag in a box and mark the seal.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Soil.* (P.O. 5.3.2S)
1. Wrap bullet in cotton or filter paper. 2. Place in a plastic or glass vial and seal with a gummed label. 3. Do not mar, scratch or mark the side of the bullet. 4. Jacket and jacketed round is where striations are left.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Spent bullets* (P.O. 5.3.1F, 5.3.2C and 5.3.3F)
1. Cartridges from revolvers have firing pin impres- sions that can be compared to ID the gun it was fired in. 2. Automatics, in addition to firing pin impressions, have: a. Extractor marks. b. Ejector marks. c. Breach face or bolt marks. 3. Package separately, wrapped in cotton or filter paper after processing for prints. If you need to mark them, make your mark inside the empty casing.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Spent cartridge cases* (P.O. 5.3.3F)
1. Laboratory analysis: to identify what type of drug it is and whether or not it is a usable quantity 2. Officers must use appropriate safety precautions when handling narcotics/drugs. 3. Place in a pill vial, seal with an evidence tag and place in an evidence envelope.
EVIDENCE: TYPES, USES AND COLLECTION *Tablets and capsules* (P.O. 5.3.2P,P.O. 5.3.3I P.O. 5.3.8B and 5.3.8C)
While conducting victim photographs use a "Same Gender" person present and be sensitive to the ____________________ of the victim.
Embarrassment/Privacy
1. Provide the driver with a mail in envelope and violation card 2. Explain the alternatives for resolving the citation 2a. Pay the fine 2b. Contest the citation in court 2c. Attend Traffic School (civil moving violations only) 3. Obtain Driver Signature
Ending the Contact:
at the conclusion of a traffic stop make sure the violator has what?
Ensure the violator is issued a legal copy of the citation
One use of a police report is an officer's what?
Evaluation of that event
A. Testimonial
Evidence given in the form of a statement made under oath, usually in response to questioning. A. Testimonial B. Physical (or real) Evidence C. Forensic Evidence
1. Dried blood crusts. 2. Dried saliva swabs. 3. Expended shell casings. 4. Trace evidence (fillings, powder, fire, clay samples for safes, samples of insulation, flammable materials (small samples), alcohol, drugs in powder, liquid or pill form, etc.).
Evidence placed in glass or plastic vials would be:
When arriving on scene to a possible homicide what is the first thing an officer should do?
Examine body for signs of life (verify death).
death, natural disaster, or community victimization
Examples of trigger points.
During a traffic stop important things to remember include
Exhibit command presence and maintain officer safety Be courteous and professional at all times Control emotions *dont argue with violator* Do not accept violators purse or wallet Check validity of insurance and license
A. volatile chemicals
Explosions are caused by _____ _______ used to make drugs. A. volatile chemicals B. bad chemicals C. unknown chemicals
Explosives (substances and devices)
Explosive materials and other hazardous materials require specialized handling and storage. a. Unless you are specially trained to do so, do not process these materials without direct assistance from a bomb squad member or Hazardous Materials squad member. b. All packages must be clearly marked
1. No Plant Material 2. THC 3. 13-3408 4. Not Protected, Not allowed to possess
Extract of Marijuana
Automatics, in addition to firing pin impressions, have:
Extractor marks
1. Past experiences 2. Experiences with Police 3. Repeat Occurrence 4. Mental/emotional condition 5. Home/work 6. Physical Condition
Factors which affect an individuals perception of events (P.O. 6.3.2)
What distinguishes fact from inference in police writing?
Facts are verifiable
Duguenous test *done by certified personnel only
Field test for Marijuana
Scott Reagent
Field test used for: Cocaine It is a (3) stage test
__________,___________,_________ are among the most important pieces of evidence to be found at most crime scenes.
Fingerprints, palm prints and footprints
B. Evidence
Fingerprints, palm prints and footprints are among the most important pieces of____ to be found at most crime scenes. (P.O. 5.3.1M and 5.3.2A) A. Crime B. Evidence C. Report
1. objects should be left untouched if the area can be secured. 2. Do not pick up a weapon unless it places you or a citizen in immediate danger. 3. In areas where conditions are unstable a. Outlining its position on the floor or ground, or b. Photographing it where it lies. 4. Pick the weapon up with two (2) fingers by the grip.
Firearms at the scene. (P.O. 5.3.2C)
________ _________ is common in fire/arson cases and is usually collected under tile shingles, carpet and floor baseboards.
Flammable evidence
Proper care for a chemical burn should include what?
Flushing the area with water for no less than 5 minutes
victims
Focuses attention on crime ____ rather than the crime itself.
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING SIGNS FOR TRACKING PERSONS FROM CRIME SCENE:
Foot/tire impressions. Vehicle fluids. Blood Scents
A. Blood
For material that cannot be sent directly to a lab: Scrape the dried ____ onto a clean piece of paper with a new razor blade. (P.O.5.3.2.O) A. Blood B. Semen C. Bile
A. Simple Facts
For the Content Communication level states what? A. Simple Facts B. Emotional Reaction C. They are okay
B. Emotional Reaction *listen to emotion behind the facts*
For the Emotions Communication level states what? A. Simple Facts B. Emotional Reaction C. They are okay
When can forgery be charged?
Forgery can be charged whether the check is accepted or not
false offers and promises is called?
Fraud
The correct abbreviation for grey hair is ___.
GRY
Determine an appropriate response method for burglaries
Generally, your response will be based on information that is relayed to you by dispatch and your approach to the scene should be quick, silent and invisible.
1. crimes can be prevented through some relatively easy *common sense* measures 2. cause people to take these measures.
Goals of crime prevention/resistance:
Traffic stop steps
Greet the driver Identify yourself as a leo Obtain drivers license, insurance , registration Inform the driver of offense/ ticket Explain options (court, pay, traffic school)
________ _________ Requires illegal crossing of the U.S. border
HUMAN SMUGGLING
Some form of travel will be involved in _____ _______
HUMAN TRAFFICKING
_______ _______ Involves the exploitation of a person or persons for commercial sex or forced labor
HUMAN TRAFFICKING
What are Direct sources of DNA?
Hair with follicles, saliva, blood, semen, sperm, skin, cells, tissue, mucus, fingernails not finger prints, feces.
What is the most important principle for conducting a safe and effective search?
Handcuff first and search second
___________ a person does not automatically convert the investigative detention to an arrest. As in all situations involving the use of force, courts will consider all of the circumstances in determining whether the force used was reasonable
Handcuffing
THC content ranges from 5-12% (makes it stronger than Marijuana)
Hash (smoked)
THC content is 20-65% making it extremely potent (one drop can produce a high)
Hash Oil
what is an EDPL and what does it do?
Have the trained technician lift a footprint using the EDPL (Electrostatic Dust Print Lifter). Lift prints you cannot see.
What maneuver should you use for someone that is choking?
Heimlich maneuver or abdominal thrusts
Vinegar
Heroin smells like?
go "on the nod"
Heroin users do this:
Hyperglycemia symptoms:
High blood glucose Frequent urination Increased thirst Blurred vision
Where should your weapon be when apprehending a suspect?
Holstered.
1. Interior lighting: use timers 2. Exterior lighting: lighting along the pathway 3. Perimeter lighting:using motion-sensor lights 4. Dark sky ordinances:
Home Security Considerations in regards to Area lighting are?
1. Sliding glass windows 2. Casement windows (crank open/roll-out). 3. Double hung windows 4. Grill work (wrought iron)- Must have a break-away feature to allow egress in case of an emergency
Home Security Considerations in regards to Windows are: (PO 6.4.5E)
1. Target Hardening (doors, knobs, etc) 2. Entry Doors 3. Windows 4. Area Lighting
Home and Business Security Considerations include: (PO 6.4.5)
through ACIC/NCIC, & monitoring pawn shops
How do we trace and recover stolen property once it has been documented as stolen property?
Document and corroborate their information
How do you determine the reliability of the informant?
Do NOT attempt to recap. Place in approved evidence container for syringes and submit to lab for analysis of substance
How do you handle uncapped needles?
2 hours from the crime committed
How long do you have to perform the one-on-one?
3 inches
How long should screws be when dealing with strike plates or beefing up the foundation of your doorway?
B. Any amount
How much Marijuana can a dispensary agent legally transport? A. 2.5 oz per customer B. Any amount C. Total of 20 oz
A. 2.5 ounces for every person they are legally authorized to care for (maximum 5 patients, all must be registered as their patient) *And 2.5 ounces for themselves, if they have an approved card
How much Marijuana can a subject with a Caregiver Medical Marijuana Card legally possess? A. 2.5 oz for every person legally authorized (max 5) B. 2.5 oz for everyone regardless if legally authorized C. Unlimited
B. 2.5 ounces
How much Marijuana can a subject with a Medical Marijuana Card legally possess? A. 4.5 oz B. 2.5 oz B. 3.5 oz
B. "A green leafy substance believed to be Marijuana"
How should you document that a subject has what you think is Marijuana (when writing your report)? A. "Grass that smells bad usually is Marijuana" B. "A green leafy substance believed to be Marijuana" C. "A green leafy substance believe to be a dangerous drug"
It will be based off of SIGHT and SMELL, which came from experience and training gathered from the academy *a field test may also be used
How will officers gather sufficient PC (knowing what it is) to arrest someone for illegal possession of marijuana?
C. use the physicians desk reference (PDR)
How would you identify pills? A. Lick them B. Put in a solution C. use the physicians desk reference
1. individuals consent to smuggling 2. always international- requires the illegal crossing of US border 3. *Crime against Border*
Human Smuggling is:
1. victims do not consent to their situation 2. exploitation of a person for commercial sex or forced labor 3. *Crime against Person*
Human Trafficking is: (PO 5.9.1)
Indoor/outdoor growing of Marijuana (typically dark closets, sheds, rooms in a home, backyard)
Hydroponics
WHEN CONDUCTING CHILD ABUSE INVESTIGATIONS LOOK FOR WHAT?
INDICTORS OF ABUSE, BOTH PHYSICAL AND BEHAVIORIAL
1. Driver's License 2. Fingerprint Checks 3. Law enforcement information systems
Identify alternative resources and their uses in identifying a person:
a. Finger, palm and footprints. b. Handwriting samples. c. Blood samples. d. Urine samples. e. Saliva samples. f. Hair samples. g. Photographs.
Identify for what types of evidence and under what conditions a Court Order for Identifying Physical Characteristics may be obtained as per A.R.S. §13-3905. (PO 5.3.7)
1. Foot/tire impressions. 2. Vehicle Fluids 3. Blood 4. Scents 5. Various miscellaneous materials
Identify signs for tracking person from crime scene (PO 5.1.3)
1. Canvassing area 2. Media broadcasts 3. Confidential witness programs
Identify the following as methods for locating witnesses, victims, and suspects NOT present at the crime scene when you arrive: (PO 5.1.2)
1. Identify perimeter of crime scene 2. Close off immediate area 3. Prevent unnecessary movement of articles within the crime scene. 4. Accurately mark the locations of articles that must be moved by using chalk, tape or tags. 5. Always keep the witnesses separated from each other until either you or an investigator have had a chance to interview them. 6. Protect evidence against "the elements."
Identify the procedures for securing and protecting a crime scene: (PO 5.1.6)
1. supplement to notes and photographs 2. aid in reconstruction of crime scene 3. provide basis for court exhibits 4. aid in interviewing, witnesses and coordinating testimony 5. provide a permanent record of spatial relationships of items found at the crime scene 6. provide a visual description of the crime scene in which extraneous details are omitted
Identify the purposes of crime scene sketches: (PO 5.1.7)
1. Prevent Contamination/ Destruction/Removal of Evidence 2. Prevent interference with the preliminary investigation. 3. Protect the victim's right to privacy and his/her property.
Identify the reasons for denying access to a crime scene by unauthorized persons ( PO 5.1.5)
1. An agency's contact with an individual is often recorded in writing somewhere. 2. Sometimes the type(s) of involvement may provide investigators with clues about a case.
Identify the role the Department or Criminal Records may play in an investigation: ( PO 5.1.8)
1. Strip/Grid 2. Spiral 3. Quadrant 4. Point to Point
Identify the search pattern techniques: (PO 5.1.4)
2
If a person invokes their right to silence, an officer may approach the person after a reasonable break in questioning of at least ____ hours?
reread Miranda Rights
If a person invokes their right to silence, then later decides they want to talk, what should the officer do next? (PO 5.4.2D)
interrogation must immediately stop.
If a person invokes their right to silence, what must an officer do? (PO 5.4.2D)
C. Refused
If a violator refuses to sign a civil citation, write ____ on the defendant signature line and give to the violator. A. N/A B. None C. Refused
A. True
If an injured person has to be moved, control the movements so evidence is not destroyed. A. True B. False
1. Attack by occupant(s) 2. Destruction or concealment of evidence 3. Escape of occupant(s).
If an officer fails to closely watch the movements of the occupant(s) in a vehicle before, and during, the vehicle stop what may occur?
victim, unable, invoked
If at the time of contact with a law enforcement agency the ______ is physically or emotionally ______ to request or waive applicable rights, the law enforcement agency shall presume that the victim ______ the victim's right to request applicable rights to which the victim is entitled, on request, unless the victim later waives those rights. A.R.S. §13-4405B.
What is the purpose of using a breakfall?
If pushed to the ground you can still function tactically
What should you ask a juvenile prior to questioning ?
If they want a parent or guardian present during the interview and unless time is of the essence delay a reasonable amount of time for that person to arrive a) If a parent refuses or is unable to respond in a reasonable time, inform the juvenile and clarify whether they are willing to answer questions without the parent being present. b) If a parent is being disruptive during the interview, the parent may be asked to leave the interview. The officer must then clarify with the juvenile whether they are willing to answer questions without the parent being present. C) if the juvenile doesn't wish for the parent / guardian present during questioning and the juvenile appears to have the maturity the parent may be excluded
1. evidence of coercion 2. fraud 3. force
If victim is older than 18 years old, 1 of 3 must be present when dealing with sex trafficking.
1) EXIT and secure scene 2) Call out Clan Lab Team 3) DON'T TOUCH anything 4) DON'T make sparks (don't smoke or turn lights on) 5) Air quality- leave doors and windows open 6) Flammability
Important information to remember/consider when you come across a clandestine lab
If evidence has blood on it how should it be stored ?
Impound in a paper bag/ envelopes Do not dust for prints
When using a direct quote in a report it's important to write it how?
In quotations and Word for word.
A. ARS 12-242
In regard to Miranda and interviewing hearing impaired individuals (read and understand), what is the ARS statue? A. ARS 12-242 B. ARS 13-3601 C. ARS 12-101
1. learn as much as possible about a problem to identify what is causing it. 2. Officers need to understand the actions and interactions of offenders, victims and the environment. 3. This is a search for the root cause of the problem. 4. If analysis is not properly and thoroughly accomplished, the solution or responses to the problem with be inadequate and the problem will not be resolved.
In the Analysis part of the SARA model includes:
trafficking, abuse, tattooing
Indicators of ______ may include signs of _____ (bruising, malnourishment, cigarette burns), branding or _____, use of distinct slang (P, Daddy, Wifey, blade, out of pocket.)
1. Arrest history. 2. Conviction history. 3. Henry and/or NCIC fingerprint classification. 4. FBI number. 5. Arrest number. 6. Demographics on the suspect (age, race, sex, etc.). 7. Types of charges. 8. Driver's License numbers. 9. AKA 10. Other.
Information contained in these records include: ( PO 5.1.9)
What are the psychological aspects of note taking during an interrogation?
Ink = cast in stone Pencil = not permanent, erasable
Where is the femoral nerve?
Inside of the thigh.
a) *Asks direct questions* which are likely to elicit an incriminating response b) says something or performs some action that is reasonably likely to *elicit an incriminating response* (known as the functional equivalent of interrogation).
Interrogation occurs when an officer:
What is an IL?
Investigative Lead- persons who may have knowledge of the crime or who may be able to provide additional information.
1. Suspect's blood type. 2. Suspect's date of birth. 3. Types of offenses the suspect previously committed. 4. Information on previous charges. 5. Fingerprint information. 6. Names of investigators who previously dealt with the suspect. 7. Types of controlled substances used by the suspect. 8. Types of weapons used previously by the suspect.
Investigator may obtain information from previously- submitted crime lab reports including the following: (PO 5.1.11)
yupppppp
Is an unlocked vehicle with a key in the ignition an open invitation to any thief?
B. No, Spirit of the law
Is the officer OBLIGATED to give the husband speeding while driving his pregnant wife to the hospital because birth is imminent a citation? A. Yes, Letter of the law. B. No, Spirit of the law
yes
Is there a variety of faith based (mama's house, catholic social services, etc) and non-governmental organizations (polaris project, NCMEC) available to PD to provide recovered trafficking victims with resources?
NO- there is no partial immunity. Once you violate the Medical Marijuana Act, all the marijuana that is possessed, becomes illegal
Is there any immunity if you have a Medical Marijuana card and violate the Medical Marijuana Act in any way?
1. *Fear of crime* 2. *trusting/susceptible to fraud schemes* 3. *Reluctance to report* 4. Physical conditions which affect communications 5. Medication 6. need for independence 7. Loneliness
Issues that impact communication with the elderly include:
Who investigates bad checks
Issuing a bad check goes to check enforcement with Maricopa county
What will happen if you strike a pressure point?
It can render a nerve temporarily inoperable
An agency's contact with an individual is often recorded in writing somewhere such as?
It could be a Field Interview Report (FIR) or an arrest report.
How does the law enforcement intelligence unit (LEIU) assist in the investigation of organized crime?
It is an association of participating law enforcement agencies and provided intelligence resources
the identity of the driver
It is important to know what to file a ATTC?
B. False
It is not important to ensure that the violator is issued a legal copy of the citation. A. True B. False
How does the Criminal Justice Information Services (CJIS) assist in the investigation of organized crime?
It is the largest devision of the FBI and includes 1. NCIC-National crime information center 2. UCR- Uniform crime reporting 3. IAFIS- Integrated automated fingerprint identification system 4. NIBRS- National incident-based reporting system
what types of evidence are collected from victims
Items collected include: Semen, saliva, blood, hairs, debris and any other relevant evidence.
Two (2) important aspects of burglary are
Its frequency and its economic impact.
_______ is the hardest thing to teach in pursuits
Judgement
Formulation of a flexible plan includes
Keep an open mind when responding to a call, always have a "Plan B" and a "Plan C."
A. Spring-loaded latch, Easily defeated, Often self locking.
Key -in- Knob Locks have: A. Spring-loaded latch, Easily defeated, Often self locking. B. 1 inch throw on bolt, Anti-wrench collar, high security strike plate, 3inch screws into wall frame C. key cylinder on the outside
What are ways to combat organized crime?
Know and understand the laws, gather intelligence, combine resources with other agencies, target the organization, not the individuals.
What is the mental state for forgery?
Knowingly
What is the mental states for forgery?
Knowingly (whether accepted or not)
Paint chips or smears
Lab analysis of paint chips can match samples to suspect vehicles and tools. Small items - package and impound the entire item containing the chips or smears. Make sure you
B. Documents
Laboratory analysis of ______ will include fingerprinting, handwriting analysis, photography enhancement of erasures, identifying photocopied documents presented as originals and computer entered codes and data on credit cards. A. Evidence B. Documents C. Blood
C. DNA
Laboratory analysis of clothing will reveal the presence of items such as blood, saliva and semen and allow for ___ testing. P.O. 5.3.3O A. Forensic B. Blood C. DNA
a. Fingerprint evidence/comparison. b. Direction of force prior to glass breakage. c. Sequence of bullet holes. d. DNA from blood.
Laboratory analysis of glass can reveal the following:(PO 5.3.3D)
What are the primary baton striking areas.
Large muscle groups aiming at primary nerve groups. 1. Common Peroneal Nerve 2. Femoral Nerve 3. Radial Nerve 4. Median Nerve 5. Tibial Nerve
the "average" print found at a scene caused by small amounts of oil or grease.
Latent prints are:
1. Cautiously re-approach your vehicle 2. Watch the violator until they leave 3. Cautiously pull into traffic 4. Shut down emergency equipment 5. Return to service
Leaving the violator:
1. Physical Abuse or threats of physical abuse 2. Fails to provide person physical needs (water, food, potty) 3. Promising favorable treatment (probation, lenient sentence) 4. Threats of harm other than physical (taking kids away)
List 4 ways an officer uses coercion, threats, or promises to get confessions or admissions. (PO 5.4.2B)
Blood pooling at the lowest part of the body due to gravity, after death, is defined as?
Lividity
What happens in your work zone?
Loading and unloading, chamber check
What is the #1 problem with handcuffs?
Loose or faulty application.
compressions should be completed on the ______ half of the chest
Lower
MINORS SHOULD BE INTERVIEWED HOW?
MINORS SHOULD BE INTERVIEWED ALONE IF POSSIBLE IE SCHOOL EXAMPLE DON'T HAVE THEM CALL THE PARENTS IF THEY ARE THE SUSPECT
when ending a traffic stop you should
Make a cautious re-approach to your police vehicle
______ ____ ______ circumstances that resulted in the death
Manner of death
1. Plant Material 2. THC 3. 13-3405 4. Medical MJ Card 2.5oz
Marijuana
Prescribed drug with THC
Marinol
A. Firearm
Marking and Packaging: With a ______ put a stringed tag through the trigger guard and seal the knot on the string of the tag by placing a gummed label around the knot. A. Firearm B. Tools and Knives
a. *Date and time the item was collected and where it was found.* b. Agency and agency's case (DR) number. c. *Location where evidence was transported and stored.* d. Type of crime. e. *Each time the evidence is removed/ returned to/from storage*. f. Victim and/or suspect's name. g. *Brief description of the item*. h. *Name or initials of person collecting item.*
Marking evidence containers or tags and labels. These should contain at least the following information: (P.O. 5.3.5)
Field test kit used for: -Heroin -Methamphetamine
Marquis Reagent
1. Greatly increases public awareness. 2. Sometimes public service announcements on the radio or television will cause persons to come forward with information related to the crime.
Media broadcasts (P.O. 5.1.2B)
Apparent natural death which should be referred to ? A. homicide detectives B. RTOs C. Medical Examiner
Medical Examiner
Who should apparent natural deaths be referred to?
Medical Examiner
A. dangerous drugs
Methamphetamine is classified as a: A. Dangerous drug B. Narcotics
What does 13 13 stand for?
Mexican Mofia
1. public safety is *paramount* and it is *necessary* for the officer to act as quickly as possible 2. at *traffic stops* (once evolves into an investigation for a criminal case must then read miranda) 3. person *voluntarily* enters a police station, or telephones a police officer, and makes a statement or confession 4. person who is *in custody makes voluntary or spontaneous statements* 5. during *terry stops* for investigative detention 6. asking *routine booking questions* 7. When collecting handwriting, voice samples and/or other *physical evidence* 8. When a person's *life is in danger*
Miranda warnings are not required to be read in the following situations
Officers must note the type of ___________ ___________used in the crime to match with other crimes and all missing property must be documented in detail.
Modus Operandi (M.O.)
Should an officer's notes be submitted with a report? Yes or NO
No
If the Victim has washed his/her clothes can the clothes be used as evidence?
No because the DNA has been erased
Is SIDS a cause of death?
No, it is a classification
Do you have to notify suspect of audio/ visual recording?
No, may be recorded with or without the suspects knowledge
If a suspect is crossing their arms and not allowing you place handcuffs on them, can you use your baton?
No, passive resistance doesn't allow baton strikes.
1. Clear and legible (so someone else can read and understand them). 2. Specific - avoid terms like "near,"' use measure- ments and be specific. 3. Tape recorders - some officers use tape recorders at the scene and then later transcribe the notes from the tape (no need to impound this tape).
Note taking (field notes) - chronological order. (P.O. 5.3.6)
Brief informal written records used to refresh an officer's memory are known as ______.
Notes
What should officers do to a weapon when the area is secure and may be a possible homicide?
Nothing, Leaving for the Homicide Agents
due to the nature of sex crimes you should?
Notify supervisors and detectives/investigators.
ARMED CONFRONTATION #1 PRIORITY
OFFICER SAFETY
ARS 13-105.8 : Criminal street gang means an _____ _______ formal or informal association of person in which members or associates individually or collectively engage in commission, facilitation or solicitation of any criminal act that has at least one individual who is a criminal street gang member
ON GOING
Good notes/reports are clear, complete and are always ___________.
Objective
during your initial investigation what is one of the first things you should do?
Obtain a thorough description of the suspect, including weapons, and broadcast it to back-up units conducting an area search.
1. Maintain Professionalism 2. Use positive interpersonal skills with the violator 3. Exhibit command presence 4. Control Emotions (do not write "attitude" tickets)
Officer Demeanor includes:
1. Written on the enforcement copy 2. notes are accessible by subpoena 3. Keep your notes professional 4. Note the statements of the violator 5. Note traffic conditions 6. Notes aid you in court six months later
Officer Notes on Tickets:
_______ _________ is paramount when responding to an in-progress call.
Officer safety
What is the purpose of recording the license number, vehicle description and number of occupants in a car before a traffic stop?
Officer safety A follow up investigation if needed Record of the stop established
reasonably
Officers may use the force ______ necessary to detain a person during an investigative detention. (P .O.5.4.5C)
prior, understanding
Officers must read an in-custody juvenile Miranda warnings ___ to an interrogation. An officer should not interrogate a juvenile if the officer believes the juvenile is incapable of intelligently ___________ their rights.
MARKING AND PACKAGING EVIDENCE ; Firearms, tools, knives or other weapons.
On a firearm, put a stringed tag through the trigger guard and seal the knot on the string of the tag by
arrest , leave
Once the officer has completed the investigation, the officer must either make an_____ or permit the person to _____.
1. attorney is present 2. person initiates the conversation and waives the right previously invoked 3. person is released from custody for at least 14 days 4. person has been sentenced on the crime charged
Once the right to counsel is invoked, further questioning is prohibited unless:
when may an officer proceed with interrogation
Once the suspect has waived their rights under Miranda, an officer may proceed with the interrogation.
valuables marked with owners *drivers license number* not social security number
Operation identification are:
*A report generated by an agency to report a crime or incident is a(n) ______________ report.*
Operational
A. Cigarette Butts, Beverage Containers
Other common types of evidence found at a crime scene include miscellaneous items left by the suspect, such as: (P.O. 5.3.1P) A. Cigarette Butts, Beverage Containers B. Underwear, Bra C. Toenail clippings, Hair Brush
A. Sympathy
Out of sympathy and empathy, which one should an officer not use? A. Sympathy B. Empathy C. Both
C. pain and numb
PCP users act impervious to _____ and ______. A. sight and sound B. guns and roses C. pain and numb
-Cramps -Runny nose & eyes -Nausea -Muscle tremors *users go "on the nod"
PHYSICAL symptoms for Heroin withdrawal
5
Pad Locks should have how many pin tumblers?
A. Content and emotions 1. Content- simple facts 2. Emotions- emotional reaction (*****listen to emotion behind the facts******)
People Communicate on 2 levels: (PO 6.3.1C) A. Content and emotions B. Hand gestures and eye contact C. Truth and Lie
what are the steps to combat breathing
Perform the following three (3) times: i. Inhale through the nose to a slow count of four. ii. Hold for a count of four iii. Exhale slowly through the lips for a count of four. iv. Hold for a count of four.
These will always affect the way a person acts and reacts to situations.
Personal prejudices and biases
-Is from a type of cactus -Is a hallucinogen **American Indians are exempt from laws prohibiting usage for bona fide practice of a religious belief
Peyote
A. True
Peyote is from a type of cactus. A. True B. False
1. The individual is faced with a *sudden, unanticipated stressful situation* that causes anxiety. 2. The usual coping mechanisms fail to reduce or relieve the stress. 3. *Anxiety builds* as the individual repeatedly tries and fails to find a method of controlling the situation. 4. The individual *loses the ability to function normally* in his/her everyday life.
Phases of an acute crisis state are:
How should Impressions be documented
Photograph - one (1) without a ruler or scale and one 1. Photograph in oblique lighting. 2. Cast - make a plaster or other type of cast only after you have photographed it. 3. A common item at crime scenes is tool marks - after photographing, try to obtain and impound the item the tool mark is in if it is small and portable enough.
Where to search for information to help identify drugs
Physician's Desk References (PDR)
how should Tablets and capsules be impounded
Place in a pill vial, seal with an evidence tag and place in an evidence envelope.
when responding to a robbery Contain the scene (do not enter the building while the suspect is inside) use this time to
Plan for deployment and mobilizing resources Be alert for back-up suspects and get-away cars. a. Listen for audible signals (whistling, horns, shouting, etc.). b. Scrutinize areas where suspects could be hiding. c. Look for individuals who display a change in behavior.
building searches
Point of entry 1. Search the exterior as a team, employing contact/ cover tactics. 2. Use cover and concealment Establishing the perimeter and planning the search. 1. Consider the type of structure your searching (warehouse vs. residential). 2. Consider possible resources needed 3. Attempt to contact the owner of the building for a key and information about the building. Building entry tactics. 1. Use one (1) point of entry and exit. Coordinating entry 1. Make sure dispatch and perimeter officers are aware you are making entry.
what move should you use if someone is trying to tackle you?
Power shield.
Primary trauma v. secondary trauma
Primary trauma is generated by the incident/ perpetrator, Secondary is caused by the response
1. license number 2. vehicle description 3. number of occupants
Prior to pulling over a violator, it is important to record what? P.O. 4.2.7
probable cause
Probable cause arrest (non-warrant arrest) - when officers or detectives, who arrest a suspect based upon _______ ______ or at the scene of the crime, are required to notify the victim of the arrest.
_______ _______ may cut off the baby's blood supply
Prolapsed cord
Encouraging the suspect to do the right thing or tell the truth, or lying to the suspect, does not amount to coercion but _________ may
Promising the suspect favorable treatment, a more lenient sentence, a particular jail facility, probation, etc.,
1. contact, identify, and collect 2. locate, preserve and collect
Proper crime scene management has two main elements:
A. easy access, valuables in plain site, unoccupied homes
Property crimes are generally crimes of opportunity due to? A. easy access, valuables in plain site, unoccupied homes B. more profit for the crime committed C. less potential for violence
1. Some physical evidence may require protection from rain, wind, cold, heat or snow. 2. Using plastic, cardboard boxes or other material may help.
Protect evidence against "the elements." (PO 5.1.6D/E)
1. ALWAYS protect the crime scene from being contaminated (perimeter) 2. Do not let people into the crime scene area. 3. People that do enter the crime scene should log in and out of the scene using a crime scene log. 4. Do not move or touch anything in the crime scene area unless it is a matter of life or death. 5. Wait for the crime scene investigator and guard the area until he/she arrives.
Protecting the crime scene. (P.O. 5.1.1E)
The skeletal/muscle system include:
Provides body movement. 1. Ligaments - attach bone to bone. 2. Tendons - attach muscle to bone. 3. Muscles - pull to create movement.
More officers have died responding to _______ calls than to any other type of call.
ROBBERY
What is the term used when someone commits homicide, robbery, kidnapping etc. if committed for financial gain?
Racketeering
Prior to pulling over what should you do?
Record the license plate number, vehicle description, number of occupants
1. Make physical notations of the time, weather and physical conditions at the crime scene when you arrived. 2. What did you observe with your five (5) senses?
Recording conditions and events in field notes. (P.O. 5.1.1F)
How can you increase predictability in stressful situations?
Reduce/ control your emotional involvement
A.R.S. 11-593. states what?
Reporting of certain deaths; failure to report
1. Moma's house 2. catholic social services 3. streetlight 4. dream center 5. tumbleweed 6. new life shelter 7. DCS/OSCA (mercy Maricopa) protocol 8. Shared hope international 9. Polaris Project 10. NCMEC (National center for missing and exploited children)
Resources available for victims: (PO 5.9.1)
1. Keep an eye on the violator 2. Check oncoming traffic quickly 3. Cross between the two vehicles quickly, keeping your eye on the violator 4. *Never stand in between the two vehicles:* - go to your right front passenger door (if using the MDT sit in the passenger seat with the door open and your right foot on the door)
Returning to the patrol car:
What is the chemical changes in the muscles that cause the limbs to stiffen after death?
Rigor Mortis
You walk into a home and see a (verified dead) man looking like he froze while doing the robot. What could you say has set in?
Rigor mortis
A. either horizontal or vertical dead bolts, mounts on the surface of the door.
Rim locks have: (PO 6.4.4) A. either horizontal or vertical dead bolts, mounts on the surface of the door. B. Spring-loaded latch, Easily defeated, Often self locking. C. key cylinder on the outside
_________ have caused more lawsuits and complaints than anything else
Rudeness and vocal tone
1. look for patterns or persistent problems in their beats. 2. go beyond the information that their departments possess when identifying problems in the community. 3. Often the officer's perception of the problem differs considerably from the community's - it is information he/she needs to know and understand. 4. Reviewing calls for service, especially repeat calls from particular locations, is only on (1) way to identify problems in the community. 5. Other ways of identifying problems are through: Citizen complaints, data from other government agencies, newspaper and media coverage of community issues, officer observations, law enforcement reports and community surveys and assessments.
Scanning in the SARA model explained:
For material that cannot be sent directly to a lab: ______ the dried blood onto a clean piece of paper with a new razor blade and also remember to?
Scrape scrape a non-stained area adjacent to the stain (as a blank sample) onto another piece of paper.
Multiple level buildings should be searched how?
Search multi-story buildings one (1) floor at a time. i. FIRST floor FIRST. ii. SECOND floor SECOND. iii. BASEMENT level LAST
At the onset of a report of a small missing child report what should you first do?
Search the reported missing child's home and yard
1. family/friends 2. Law enforcement 3. Criminal Justice System 4. media 5. Clergy 6. Medical professionals 7. social services
Secondary Victimization can be caused by the following:
The more positive our _______ _______ the more positively we perceive our own experiences
Self concept
not admitting you had done anything wrong when you have is called
Self-riotousness
-Approach with caution -Thoroughly explain: 1. law violated 2. hazards created by the driver's actions 3. Reason for giving the citation 4. Importance for observing the traffic law 5. Court procedures, date, time and location of court
Selling the Citation:
The acronym S.I.P.D.E stands for?
Sense, Identify, Predict, Decide, Execute
The intent to cause the other person to engage in any prostitution or sexually explicit performance by deception, force or coercion is?
Sex Trafficking
1. Civil 2. Criminal
Signing the citation. 1. _______ citation - not admitting responsibility for the citation, only receipt. 2. _______ citation - not admitting guilt, but promising to appear.
-Fluorescent/Metal halide lights -Sodium vapor light -Hydroponics growing systems -Organic potting soil (for hydroponics) -Humidifiers -Books on hydroponic systems
Signs of Marijuana cultivation
B. False (they are)
Sketches are not a type of police report. A. True B. False
C. True
Sketches permanently record spatial relationships of landmarks and physical evidence. A. I don't know B. False C. True
border
Smuggling is a crime against the ______.
Arrests, problem
Solutions for law enforcement problem solving should not be limited to ______. Arrests alone do not always address incidents or circumstances that are viewed as _______ by the community.
A. Confidential Informant
Someone who gives information and their identity is concealed by the police A. Confidential Informant B. Anonymous
B. Anonymous
Someone who gives information but refuses to give their identity A. Confidential Informant B. Anonymous
C. Rear View
Spotlight pointed into the ____ mirror of the violator. A. Driver Side B. Passenger Side C. Rear View
considerations regarding discretion
Statutory requirements Departmental policies and procedures The best interests of the community The best interests of the department The interests of the citizen or victim
A vehicle executes a turn what type of breaking is occurring?
Steering
What is Purge?
Stomach bile draining from the mouth after death
SEARCH PATTERN TECHNIQUEs
Strip/double strip or grid- Searchers proceed slowly at the same pace, parallel to each other and parallel to one (1) side of the rectangle. Spiral method: Spiral method: Two (2) or three (3) searchers follow each other in a path of a spiral starting on the outside and spiraling toward the center. Quadrant/zone. - The area to be searched is divided into quadrants with one (1) searcher assigned to each quadrant Wheel method - Searchers gather at the center and proceed outward along radius.
Bribe
Such person offers confers or agrees to confer any benefit upon a public servant or party officer with the intent to influence the public servant's or party officer's vote, opinion, judgment, exercise of discretion or other action in his official capacity as a public servant or party officer
What usually occurs during sleeping, within 1 year of birth, no visible signs of trauma and healthy child?
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
Investigator may obtain information from previously submitted crime lab reports including the following:
Suspect's blood type Suspect's date of birth. Type(s) of offenses the suspect previously committed. Show/review DPS lab form. Information on previous charges. Fingerprint information
Sympathy v. empathy?
Sympathy is expressing sorrow for a person's situations Empathy is trying to understand the person's situation
On this date at this time (between these dates and these times), this person (these people), did this, at this location, by.... why goes here, if you know it
Synopsis Legend
1. Threats (self or family) 2. Manipulation- branding and sexploitation 3. Economic Dependence- food/place to stay and gifts/hair/clothes/nails 4. Isolation/Captivity 5. Emotional Violence- Feigned affection 6. Physical Violence- Assaults/Sexual Violence- rape, degrading sex
Systematic violence emphasizes the victim's worthlessness except in there role as a prostitute through Coercion and Control. What are some examples coercion and control? (PO 5.9.1)
when establishing a perimeter for a robbery you should ?
Take control and direct units to where you want them
What constitutes racketeering per A.R.S. 13-2301(D)(4) and 13-2312-15?
Terrorism, animal terrorism or ecological terrorism that results in risk of serious physical injury or death
When checking vins verify what?
That the secondary vin is the same as the one on the dash
1. Provide emotional first aid to the victim. 2. DO NO HARM! The victim is not to blame for his/ her victimization.
The 2 goals of crisis intervention are:
(1) whether the objective indicia of arrest are present (2) the site of the interrogation (3) the length and form of the investigation (4) whether the investigation had focused on the accused.
The Arizona Supreme Court has indicated that there are four factors that it considers "strongly indicative of custody" for purposes of Miranda: (PO 5.4.7)
1. Position your vehicle behind the violator 2. Turn on overhead light 3. If they refuse to pull over, give a short SIREN burst 4. As the violator begins to pull over position your car in the offset position 5. Offset the right half of the police vehicle in line with left half of the violator vehicle 6. *Stop 15-22 feet behind the violator vehicle* 7. Point spotlight into the rear view mirror of the violator 8. Unlock right side front door of your patrol car 9. Check traffic before exiting patrol vehicle
The Basics of the Traffic Stop:
What is the brain known as?
The Bio-computer.
Regulated use of narcotics and marijuana, except for medical use by: Doctors Veterinarians Pharmacists Importers/manufacturers
The Harrison Act of 1914
double
The _____ cylinder has a key cylinder on both sides.
single
The ______ cylinder has a key cylinder on the outside and a knob on the inside.
What is the most common move that is NOT a control hold?
The carotid control - usually takes between 5-15 seconds to knock someone out risk of brain damage
You are dealing with a suspect and they just hit you in the face, what phase of tactics is this considered?
The contact phase.
C
The courts may consider a number of factors in determining whether a juvenile's confession is voluntary, except: A. Chronological age, mental age, level of education B. Proper sight/sound separation and time in custody C. Time of day and parents present
totality
The determination of whether a person is in custody for purposes of Miranda depends on the _______ of the circumstances.
What is Body Mechanics?
The effective use of the body and its forces in harmony with the principles of physics.
B. Protect and Prevent
The first officer's most important task is to _____ and ______ the destruction of evidence. A. Drop and Roll B. Protect and Prevent C. Protect and Report
1. Sufficient samples - should be collected 2. Known or control samples. 3. Blank samples- area near collected sample 4.
The following points are important considerations when evidence is to be collected for analysis:
An officer can conduct an interview of an adult or child without permission from parent. The officer is limited to what?
The four specific questions. - What Happened? - Who did this? - Where were you when this happened? - When did this happen?
If you have a suspect in OCCS, what zone are you in?
The kill zone.
What might you learn from reading graffiti?
The name of the gang
Identification of evidence
The officer collecting the evidence at a crime scene must be able to identify it in court as being the same piece of evidence he/she collected at the scene, e.g: i. Serial numbers. and tags. ii. Identifying marks. Unique marks on the item should be enumerated in reports and on property invoices The item's serial number should be recorded on reports, property invoices, envelopes
B. Fingerprint and DNA
The officer must be mindful to handle the miscellaneous articles carefully so that _____ analysis and _____ analysis may be conducted at the laboratory. (P.O. 5.3.3P) A. Blood and Urine B. Fingerprint and DNA C. Fingerprint and blood
A. avoid
The officer should ____ marking the actual items of evidence themselves. (P.O. 5.3.2) A. avoid B. record C. photograph
*What are some factors that influence the image of law enforcement within the community? *(6.1.2)
The officers: -response time for calls -behavior on calls/patrol -problem solving -judgement with use of force -behavior / demeanor OFF DUTY
What does the ATF (bureau of alcohol etc.) regulate?
The sale and transfer of weapons in the U.S.
1. observe the traffic violation to ensure you have a valid reason 2. NOTIFY dispatch of your location and the vehicle license plate ---if no plate, give vehicle description 3. Give number of occupants and ask for backup if necessary
The traffic violation:
If the victim is still in the same clothing the assault occurred in what do you do?
The victim shall remain in that clothing until it can be taken as evidence and impounded for DNA testing.
what are the three types of traffic stops?
There are generally three (3) kinds of traffic stops. A. Traffic enforcement stop: A stop made because an officer has "reasonable suspicion" to believe the driver committed a traffic infraction. P.O. 4.2.8A B. Investigative stop: A stop made because an officer has "reasonable suspicion" to believe one (1) or more of the vehicle's occupants has engaged in, or is about to engage in, criminal activity. P.O. 4.2.8B C. High Risk Stop: activity
1. Plain Arch 2. Tented Arch
There is 2 types of Arch patterns, they are: (JFYI)
1. Radial Loop 2. Ulnar Loop
There is 2 types of Loop patterns, they are: (JFYI)
1. Plain Whirl 2. Central Pocket Loop 3. Double Loop 4. Accidental Whirl
There is 4 types of Whirl patterns, they are: (JFYI)
What are the main weaknesses in handcuffs?
They are susceptible to being shimmied or picked.
How does the El Paso intelligence center (EPIC) assist in the investigation of organized crime?
They have representatives from several agencies that provide intelligence related to border crime
IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING USES OF CRIME SCENE SKETCHES:
They specifically show relationships concerning space and the distance of objects. They permanently record spatial relationships of landmarks and physical evidence. Provide a visual description of the crime scene in which extraneous details are omitted.
A. Cocaine
This is 1 of only 2 drugs that produces "reverse tolerance" or "drug sensitization". A. Cocaine B. Fentanyl C. Meth
forced, labor
Trafficking involves the exploitation of the victim either through ________ commercial sex or ______
person
Trafficking is a crime against a _______.
history, sexual , skills
Trafficking victims have higher ____ of physical and/or _____ abuse, risky behavior, and limited life ______ or education increasing their susceptibility to traffickers.
powerful emotional attachments develop from two specific feature of abusive relationships: power imbalances and intermittent good- bad treatment
Trauma bonding
While doing a death investigation, how should the investigation be treated?
Treat every investigation as a homicide
Notes should never be used in place of report. True or false
True
These precautions assume that all blood and bodily fluids are infectious. True False
True
True or False: The use of empowerment & education of the police & the public to sustain positive & productive relationships in progressive times & adverse times.
True
True or false. Many homicides are committed by someone the victim knows
True
true
True of false. Victim's rights only applies to misdemeanor and felony offenses.
true. easy peasy
True or false. Sliding glass doors can sometimes be defeated by lifting them from their track.
true
True or false. Delay and deter may be achieved by the use of barriers
True. think about it lol
True or false. If the exterior door opens out, it has exposed hinges.
True the officer must demonstrate it was voluntary
True or false. Confessions are presumed to be voluntary, not coerced, freely given, and not the result of duress.
A. True
True or false. Cultural and ethnic backgrounds play a large part on how people perceive events? A. True B. False C. I don't know
A. True
True or false. If a violator refuses to sign a criminal citation, they will be booked into jail if they refuse to sign it. A. True B. False
True
True or false. If victim is younger than 18 years old it is always child sex trafficking.
false. hold the point until back up arrives at no time should you enter alone.
True or false. If you find an entry or exit point, you should enter that point alone without backup.
false.
True or false. Interior hinge pins are NOT better than exterior hinge pins.
True can continue since person did not waive rights
True or false. Once the suspect has waived their rights under Miranda, an officer may proceed with the interrogation. (PO 5.4.2C)
true
True or false. Trafficking involves movement resulting in first responders coming across victims during routine traffic stop, accidents, at border crossings, ports of entry.
true forced or labor
True or false. Trafficking involves the exploitation of the victim either through forced commercial sex or labor.
true
True or false. When Miranda warnings are required, they should be read directly from the officer's rights card. (PO 5.4.4)
True
True or false. You should have some interior lighting on timers to prevent crime.
frequency, economic
Two important aspects of burglary are: its _______ and its _______ impact.
1) Tetrahydra Cannabidols (industrial/hemp) 2) Tetrahydro Cannabinols (psychoactive) 3) Sinsemilla 4) Thai sticks
Types of Cannabis Sativa
1. To feel safe and secure. 2. To facilitate the ability to "vent" and receive validation 3. Prediction and preparation are provided (refer to victim's rights pamphlet)
Types of assistance the victim requires:
+Paid +Good citizens +Violator +Anonymous +Confidential
Types of informants
1. work together 2. look at issues holistically 3. be aware of shared responsibility.
Under community policing, community partnerships want the community and law enforcement to: (P .O. 6.5.1B)
1. people not to be victims 2. community how to be pro-active in protecting its families and homes.
Under community policing, crime prevention is meant to teach: (P .O. 6.5.1A)
1. Find short-term solutions. 2. Find long-term solutions. 3. Identify the "root causes" of the problem instead of surface issues. 4. Identify and concentrate on the conditions of the problem(s), instead of the emotion of the issue.
Under community policing, problem solving goals are to: (P.O. 6.5.1C)
1. make reasonable effort to notify parents of arrest 2. ask juvenile prior to questions if they want parents present. - parent refuses or is unable to respond: ask if they want to still answer questions - parent is being disruptive during the interview: ask parent to leave, then ask juvenile if they still want to answer questions -juvenile doesn't want parents: if has maturity and experience can continue
Unless the parent is a suspect or a co-defendant, an officer should: (PO 5.4.10a)
the best way to communicate with the hearing impaired is?
Use a pad and pencil to ask and answer questions - always save notes, they are discoverable evidence
Search tactics
Use a systematic searching method. Check behind all doors and search any area large enough to conceal a suspect.
The Pure Food and Drug Act
Use of Cocaine became regulated in 1906 by what passage of what act?
How should a male search a female?
Using a knife edge hand technique with thumb side towards their body.
Windows and Arcadia Doors
Using secondary blocking devices is key essential when dealing with what type of issues if house security?
as an initial investigator on scene to a sex crime what are your responsibilities?
Utilize proper police procedures when responding. 1. Upon arrival, check the scene and immediate area for persons who may pose a threat or a suspect who may be hiding. 2. Has the victim armed himself/herself fearing the suspect's return? *Ascertain whether or not the victim has gross injuries requiring immediate medical attention. *
What methods could you use to determine if property is stolen ?
Utilize... 1 national crime information center (ncic) check 2 check with stolen property detail (eg pawn shop detail, property identification unit) 3 communication with other officers
How the victims get involved?
VOLUNTARY- No other marketable life skills, can't get a legitimate job.
Continuing in a pursuit after smelling burning and noticing breaks don't work ignores what?
Vehicle capability
Vehicle
Vehicles seized as evidence and impounded should be marked after being processed by placing a string evidence tag through the steering wheel and then sealing the knot and string with a gummed label.
velocity equation
Velocity (1.5x mph=feet per second)
1. funeral expenses limited to $5,000 2. Medical expenses 3.Dental expenses 4.Travel expenses for medical & medical health treatment 5. Wage loss for the victim (loss of support to dependents of a deceased victim) 6. counseling available for -The victim 3 yrs - Relatives of a victim & witness to a crime may be eligible
Victim compensation can provide up to $20,000 for the following crime-related expenses:
what is the victims responsibility?
Victim needs to keep his or her phone number address etc. current with each entity that is responsible for providing victims with their rights
1. For civil violations explain that by signing it is not an admission of guilt 2. The signature simply acknowledges receipt of the complaint 3. For criminal violations (CLD) explain that by signing it is *not admitting guilt but promising to appear in court* 4. If the violator refuses to sign write " 4a. violator refuses to sign a criminal citation explain again that is not an admission of guilt and that they can be booked 5. If refusal continues you can book the driver 5a. Phoenix if the driver has a valid ID write served
Violator Signature
What sense will most likely be affected by fatigue?
Vision
1. Unstable Home life 2. *Abusive/ Neglectful home life* 3. *History of sexual abuse, physical abuse* 4. Lack of education, employment opportunities, marketable skill
Vulnerable adults, runaway, and at-risk youth are targeted by pimps and traffickers share similar backgrounds, which are: (PO 5.9.1)
in child abuse questions avoid asking what?
WHY, could make them feel at fault
arrested, victim
Warrant arrest - when a suspect is ________ pursuant to a warrant, the original investigating agency is responsible for notifying the _______ in accordance with departmental policy.
permission to stop the marked vehicles with WYC sticker between *0100-0500 hours *
Watch your car program gives police the permission to do what?
1. grief & loss 2. Recall 3. Reorganization
What 3 psychological reactions will law enforcement typically not see in a victim?
- Authority to detain persons 28-1594 - Arrest by officer without warrant 28-1592 - Commencement of action 13-3883.
What ARS code gives Law Enforcement legal authority for issuance of a traffic citation?
1. Smack 2. Chiva 3. Black
What are 3 other names for Heroin?
Victims who are moved over a large geographical area (Circuit) in order to maximize customer exposure. -Super Bowl -Barrett Jackson
What are Circuit Girls?
-Meth -MDMA -Hash -PSP -LSD -GHB -Shrooms
What are considered "Dangerous Drugs"?
B. an additive or chemical used to dilute an illegal drug
What are cutting agents? A. Knife/ Credit Card B. An additive or chemical used to dilute an illegal drug C. Person who cuts things
a. screaming, crying b. Fearfulness, vulnerability, depression c. Self-destructive or violent behavior d. immobility or frenzied activity e. contradictory behavior (Speaking calmly with clenched fists or pacing back & forth)
What are indicators of High anxiety or emotional shock? (PO 6.2.1)
1. fainting 2. loss of bodily functions 3. shock 4. shortness of breath 5. nausea 6. shaking 7. dry mouth
What are physical reactions to crisis?
1. disbelief 2. anger 3. self-blame 4. grief & loss 5. recall 6. reorganization
What are psychological reactions to crisis?
1. Drivers License 2. Out of State License 3. Temporary License 4. Learners Permit 5. Military ID 6. Passport 7. Consulate/ Internation Driver License
What are some examples of acceptable ID's? (PO 4.2.2)
1) Explosions 2) Booby traps 3) Needle Punctures 4) Toxic residues 5) Potential for violence 6) Misidentification of undercover officers
What are some hazards associated with enforcing narcotics violations?
1. ID 2. Cell Phones 3. Pre-Paid debit, credit cards 4. hotel keycards 5. Accessible computers, laptops, tablets 6. receipts 7. Sexual paraphernalia (condoms, lubes, baby wipes, baby oil) 8. ledgers/notebooks with numbers, dollar amounts 9. Medications belonging to the victim (STD's) 10. Photograph Scene
What are some items you can collect for evidence?
1. Profanity 2. Derogatory language 3. Offensive terminology 4. Inappropriate use of racial/ethnic speech patterns
What are some language factors that contribute to *NEGATIVE* responses from persons?
+Anesthetic for eye, nose, and throat surgery because of its ability to constrict blood vessels +Still used as a flavoring agent
What are some legal uses for Cocaine?
1. Officious and oppressive manners 2. Disrespectful and demeaning attitudes 3. Officious and/or rude tone of voice 4. Inappropriate body language 5. Arrogance
What are some non-language factors which contribute to a negative response from persons?
-Voluntary (Nowhere to go) -Involuntary (abduction) -Sold traffickers (family debt, drug debt) -Survival sex (Need money to eat)
What are some reasons a victim would voluntarily be a part of trafficking?
+Field tests +K-9 unit +Narcotics unit +Crime laboratory
What are some resources for investigating crimes involving narcotics/dangerous drugs?
1. *Eliminate* the problem (not always possible). 2. *Reduce harm* to the public from such incidents. 3. *Improve the public's perception* of law enforcement's handling of the problem. they are not as large as originally perceived. 4. *Clarify responsibility for the problem*.
What are some types of solutions for Response under the SARA Model?
C. Testimonial/Physical
What are the 2 types of evidence? A. Verbal/ Physical B. Forensic/Apparent C. Testimonial/Physical
document the distance of viewing and the lighting conditions
What are the 2 very important things to write in a report in regards to One on One?
B. Stretching, yawning, touching face
What are the 3 Body Language Queues that an officer should look for to know that "Its about to go down"? A. Eye rolls, sweating, pucker lips B. Stretching, yawning, touching face C. Ballerina toes, smoldering, eyes closed
1. Pay the fine by mail. 2. Driver improvement school. 3. Court date.
What are the 3 available options to the violator?
1. Crime prevention. 2. Community partnerships. 3. Problem solving
What are the 3 core components of community policing that are essential to the effectiveness of service delivery? (PO 6.5.1)
1. Refuses to sign criminal citation 2. Officer books person instead of citation 3. Department policy dictates certain violations shall be booked (i.e., DUI, reckless, etc.).
What are the 3 situations where a person arrested for a traffic violation must be immediately taken before a judge?
1. *Gather information from other sources before and after the interview* 2. Keep witnesses, suspects, and victims separated 3. Explore relationships between witnesses, suspects, and victims
What are the 3 things to do to verify the reliability and credibility of person being interviewed/interrogated? PO 5.4.12
1. Traffic Ticket and Complaint (citation) 2. Notice of Violation (N.O.V.) 3. Equipment Repair Order (E.R.O.).
What are the 3 type of Traffic enforcement forms?
1. Arch 2. Loop 3. Whirl
What are the 3 types of patterns in fingerprints?
1. Traffic enforcement stop 2. Investigative stop 3. High Risk Stop
What are the 3 types of traffic stops?
-*Access control*: (minimize uncontrolled movements- gates fences landscaping: - *Territoriality*: (space classified as private, semi-private, public) - *Natural Surveillance*: (ability of people to observe their surroundings, block watch patrols) - *Activity Support:* placing activity areas in plain view
What are the 4 Crime Prevention through Environmental Design:
1. Deny 2. Deter 3. Delay 4. Detect
What are the 4 D's of crime prevention?
1. Facial Expressions- (smile) 2. Eye Contact- (not staring) 3. Gestures- (natural/controlled emotions) 4. Posture- (hand not on gun)
What are the 4 Techniques to affective interactions?
1. Arrest is the primary tool 2. Numbers and incident driven 3. US vs Them Mentality 4. We do it *for the community*
What are the 4 core components of traditional policing? (PO 6.5.2A)
1. Anticipation, 2. Recognition, 3. Appraisal 4. Initiation
What are the 4 steps of crime prevention?
1. Anger. 2. Denial. 3. Helplessness/lack of control. 4. Self blaming or blaming another. 5. Fear.
What are the 5 Psychological/emotional responses to victimization? PO 6.2.2
1. *Results oriented*. 2. Pro-active problem solving. 3. Community partnership with law enforcement. 4. We do it *with the community*. 5. Serves as an additional tool to use with traditional policing.
What are the 5 core components of Community policing? (PO 6.5.2B)
1. *Review information* about the case and the person to be interviewed/interrogated. 2. *Select* an appropriate *setting to conduct* the interview/interrogation. 3. *Assess the need to give Miranda* warning to the person prior to beginning the questioning. 4. *Develop a basic strategy* for conducting the interview / interrogation. 5. Make arrangements to *record* the interview/interrogation, if appropriate. 6. Adopt a *comfortable interview style*
What are the 6 steps to Preparing for the interview/interrogation: (PO 5.4.1A-E)
Active Listening Techniques: 1. *Attentive* 2. *Reflecting*- label emotions you hear such as "you sure seem angry" 3. *Paraphrasing*- summarize what the person has said and give feedback 4. *Summary Statements*- repeat what they said 5. *Effective Pauses*- listen before speaking 6. *Brief Assertions*- "I see" "OK" 7. *Open-ended questions*- how, when, what, where
What are the 7 elements to effective interpersonal communication? (PO 6.3.1)
a. Assess/anticipation of potential crime. b. Recognition of high crime risks and preparing for those risks. c. In keeping with the philosophy of community-based policing and problem solving crime prevention, stresses education and community involvement.
What are the Crime prevention functions of a law enforcement officer: (PO 6.4.1)
1. Obtain and record description of the suspect from the witness before 2. Avoid handcuffing the suspect 3. Transport the witness to the suspect. 4. DO NOT make any suggestions or "lead" the witness in any way 5. Say nothing about the suspect in the witness presence 6. Tell the witness to keep an open mind; person they confront may not be the perpetrator 7. Do not allow witness to discuss crime or suspect 8. Never allow multiple witnesses to show up at the same time 9. Do not comment after identification 10. Document everything that occurs and tell witness what you will be writing in report 11. Conduct within 2 hours of commission of the crime 12. Document the distance of the viewing and lighting conditions
What are the ONE on ONE Identification procedures? PO 5.4.9
- Can impact crime, fear and perceptions of quality-of-life issues. - Coordinate and marshal resources. - *Increase trust and understanding* between the police and the community. - Network for: Assistance, guidance and technical *support for problem solving*.
What are the benefits to understanding and developing community partnerships? (PO 6.5.3)
1. They are intended for exterior use. 2. Constructed of solid wood, laminated wood, particleboard, plywood, fiberglass, metal or a combination of the above.
What are the characteristics of a solid core door? (PO 6.5.4)
-Odd number of leaves -Pointed at both ends -Serrated edges -Main vein is toward the top
What are the distinctive characteristics of the Marijuana plant?
1. *Opening*- state who you are/why stopped 2. *Driver's License/Registration/Insurance* 3. *Decide What to do* 4. *Closing*- return w/ticket or warning
What are the four step probing technique for traffic stops?
Mexico Jamaica South America Domestic is close second
What are the main sources of marijuana in the U.S.?
B. crank, speed, crystal
What are the names for methamphetamine? A. Cranky, Speed, Meth B. Crank, Speed, Crystal C. Blue, Speed, meth
1. aiding the injured 2. locating, identifying, and interviewing with witnesses, victims, and suspects 3. determine if a crime has been committed 4. arresting suspects 5. protecting the crime scene
What are the responsibilities of the First officers at the scene? (PO 5.1.1)
Custody and Interrogation
What are the two things you need to Mirandize the suspect?
Events that can cause a community crisis 1. caused by deep distrust with no recollection of the origin. (understand cause and impact) 2. small, seemingly innocent issues that cause an apparent overreaction 3. Death, serious injury, natural disaster or community victimization.
What are trigger points? (PO 6.5.4)
Misconduct of a weapon
What can you be charged with if you are caught with a gun and have intent to distribute?
lie about evidence and lie about witnesses
What can you do during an interview?
a. All drugs should be packaged in separate containers. b. If a drug is already contained in a container, the container should be packaged separately in a box for transportation to the laboratory. c. If crime occurred near or in a "Meth Lab", you must call HazMat unit.
What care must be taken to not contaminate or damage the packages that narcotics/drugs are found in? (PO 5.3.2P)
-Civil traffic offenses -City ordinance violations -Petty offenses
What do "Victim's Rights" laws NOT include?
Verify through data collection & research
What does Analysis mean in the SARA model?(PO 6.5.5)
measure the effectiveness of the solution
What does Assessment mean in the SARA model? (PO 6.5.5)
Modus Operandi
What does M.O. stand for?
R= Rationalize (explanation that what they did was socially acceptable) P= Project (put blame on someone/thing else) M= Minimize (downplay the incident)
What does RPM Formula stand for?
develop long term, creative, customize solutions to the problem
What does Response mean in the SARA model? (PO 6.5.5)
lookin for patterns or persistent problems on local beats. (speeding, graffiti, vandalism, violent crimes, etc)
What does Scanning mean in the SARA model? (PO 6.5.5)
Protection from Self-incrimination
What does the 5th Amendment provide?
has the right to have the assistance of an attorney
What does the 6th Amendment provide?
A person against whom the criminal offense has been committed, or if the person is killed or incapacitated, the person's spouse, parent, child or other lawful representative, except if the person is in custody for an offense or is the accused." A.R.S. §13-1401.18.
What does victim mean?
weapon hand
What hand must always be free when performing a traffic stop?
The drug used to REVIVE overdose victims
What is "Narcan""?
Commercial property or motor vehicle
What is Burglary in the 3rd degree?
Accounting for each person who handled an item of physical evidence from the time of collection until final disposition.
What is Chain of custody? (PO 5.3.4)
The officer collecting the evidence at a crime scene must be able to identify it in court as being the same piece of evidence he/she collected at the scene. ex: serial numbers and identifying marks
What is Identification of evidence.? (P.O. 5.3.5)
1. Cannabis = Hemp. 2. Sativa = Cultivate. 3. L = Dr. Carl Lannaus. *plant that contains THC*
What is Marijuana (Cannabis Sativa L)?
A study of individuals or groups that have been killed, destroyed, injured or otherwise harmed by a criminal act, condition or circumstance
What is Victimology?
Centralized area where prostitutes primarily walk
What is a Blade or Track?
keeping an eye on violator
What is an important officer safety habit to have when conducting a traffic stop?
B. Kill Zone
What is another name for the Intimate Zone? A. Personal Zone B. Kill Zone C. Safe Zone
possesses a deadly weapon or instrument. Accomplices
What is burglary in 1st degree?
Residential Structure (in or on)
What is burglary in the 2nd degree?
statement that provides evidence or proof of a person's involvement in crime including all elements of the crime
What is confession?
-Heroin -Morphine -Fentanyl -Cocaine -Cannabis Prescriptions: Oxycodone, Xanax, etc
What is considered a Narcotic?
means entering into the life situation of an individual, family or group to lessen the impact of a crisis, reducing stress in order to help mobilize the resources of those directly affected.
What is crisis intervention?
B. trying to understand the persons situation
What is empathy? A. expressing sorrow for a persons situation B. trying to understand the persons situation C. I have no soul
A. Heroin
What is one drug in the Opitate family that has NO legitimate use in the US? A. Heroin B. Cocaine C. Marijuana
A. Officer Safety
What is primary reason recording the license number,vehicle description and number of occupants before making a vehicle stop? A. Officer Safety B. Information needed for a Code 6 C. Report Writing
A. expressing sorrow for a persons situation
What is sympathy? A. expressing sorrow for a persons situation B. trying to understand the persons situation C. I have no soul
with intent to cause someone to engage in any prostitution or sexual acts by *deception, force, coercion*
What is the ARS for Sex Trafficking (13-1307)?
holds that the perpetrator of a crime will bring something into the crime scene and leave with something from it
What is the Locard's Principal? (PO 5.1.5A)
S- Scanning A- Analysis R- Response A- Assessment
What is the SARA model? (PO 6.5.5)
A. Interior
What is the best type hinges to help deter break ins? A. Interior B. Exterior
B. Solid
What is the best type of door to purchase to prevent it being broken down? A. Hollow B. Solid
A amount of marijuana not possessed for sale having a weight of LESS THAN TWO POUNDS is a Class 6 Felony (13-3405 Possession of Marijuana)
What is the charge for ILLEGAL possession of Marijuana?
Misdemeanor **Unless possession/transport is intended for sale, then it's a felony
What is the charge for illegal possession/use of prescription drugs?
Class 4 Felony
What is the charge for possession of Dangerous Drugs?
Class 4 Felony
What is the charge for possession of Narcotics?
Class 2 Felony
What is the charge for selling (intent to distribute) Narcotics?
Class 2 Felony
What is the charge for selling (intent to distribute) a Dangerous Drug?
13-3408.A1 Possession of a Narcotic Drug *Class 4 Felony
What is the charge for someone ILLEGALLY in possession of Marijuana concentrate?
Assessment
What is the most important stage since it defines to what extent a program achieved its goals.
C. Officer Safety
What is the number 1 thing an officer should always consider when dealing with any type of individual? A. Remember Training B. Call for back up C. Officer Safety
required to complete and distribute the Victims' Rights form to victims.
What is the responsibility/requirement of the police officer?
A. Prescription fraud investigations
What is type of drug investigation is usually dispatched as a forgery, but isn't a forgery by definition? A. Prescription fraud investigations B. Identity Theft Investigations C. False Marijuana Investigations
have an odd number of leaves (7)
What is unique about marijuana?
Methadone & Subxone It is ILLEGAL if you do not have a prescription
What is used to treat the addiction of Heroin? A. Methadone & Subxone B. Methadone & Cocaine C. Peyote & Subxone
B. Command presence
What must an officer exhibit when performing a traffic stop? A. Knowledge of Title 28 B. Command presence C. Professional interpersonal skills
B. Silhouetting
What should an officer avoid doing when approaching and contacting contacting the occupant(s) of a vehicle at night? A. Slamming door B. Silhouetting C. Going Solo
Verify/document credibility & reliability Department policy *Protect informant's identity and safety
What should officers consider when working with an informant?
ALWAYS check their background for warrants and past criminal history that would interfere with their ability to be an informant (helps determine their credibility for investigations and trails)
What steps should you take before working with an informant? And why?
C. Self-conscious/Internal Prejudice
What two things under socio-economic status can affect an individual's perception of events? A. Income/Outcome of Money B. Family/Friends C. Self-conscious/Internal Prejudice
verbal waiver or conduct that indicates waiver
What two ways can a person waive their rights? (PO 5.4.3)
A. Positive interpersonal skills
What type of communication skills should be used with the violator when conducting a traffic stop? A. Positive interpersonal skills B. Negative interpersonal skills C. Professional interpersonal skills
B. Open Ended Questions
What type of questions should officers ask? A. Any Questions B. Open Ended Questions C. None thats the detective job
C. Social Zone
What type of zone is 4' (feet) to 12' (feet) in distance between officer and individual? A. Personal Zone B. Kill Zone C. Social Zone
A. Personal Zone
What type of zone is it considered when the distance between an officer and a suspect/victim is 18"-4' (feet)? A. Personal Zone B. Kill Zone C. Safe Zone
B. Intimate Zone
What type of zone is it considered when the distance between an officer and a suspect/victim is less than 18"(inches)? A. Personal Zone B. Intimate Zone C. Safe Zone
A. Public Zone
What type of zone is over 12' (feet) in distance between officer and individual? A. Public Zone B. Kill Zone C. Social Zone
13-3405.A1 Possession of Marijuana *If less than 2 pounds, it's a Class 6 Felony
What will someone be charged with if they are in possession of Marijuana and do NOT have a Medical Marijuana card?
13-3402 Possession and Sale of Peyote *Class 6 Felony
What will you be charged with if you ILLEGALLY in possession of peyote?
C. Report
Whatever the case may be, if an individual was involved in an incident in which the law enforcement agency became involved, there may be a ______. A. Documentation B. FI Card C. Report
No, they invoked their Miranda rights
When a suspect says "I want my attorney" after reading the Miranda right, can you continue to question them?
Nope (they just made the job easier)
When a suspect says "I will not talk to you" after reading the Miranda Rights, can you continue to question to them?
1. Sit or kneel with the child 2. Check child for injuries 3. Introduce yourself and simply explain what is going on 4. Do not let the child believe it was there fault 5. Give information about court process if old enough 6. Find another guardian to watch child
When confronting children about their arrested parent, you as the officer should?
B. Deflecting Statements
When dealing with a difficult citizen what type of statements an officer should use? A. A.H. Statements B. Deflecting Statements C. Compromise Statements
1. Noise, 2. Language, 3. Body Language, 4. Paralanguage.
When dealing with clarity of expression what are factors that can play into it?
B. Pen and paper
When dealing with hearing impaired person what is the best way to convey our message to them? A. Learn Sign language B. Pen and paper C. Yell really loudly and slowly
during the day (during work hours)
When do most burglaries occur?
B. Appropriate
When expressing a self-disclosure an officer first make sure it is what? A. Related B. Appropriate C. True
Explain that signing his/her name to a civil citation is not admitting responsibility, only acknowledging receipt of the citation.
When getting the violator to sign a traffic citation what must the officer do?
Prior to Notification 1. *Confirm the relationship of the deceased to the person being notified* 2. Try to arrange for someone to provide emotional support 3. gather as much detail as possible 4. Consider range of possible reactions of person being notified 5. Always notify the person in private
When it comes to death notification it is important to:
B. Empathy
When it comes to showing empathy or sympathy which should an officer show towards a victim? A. Sympathy B. Empathy C. Both
1. Quickly and safely as possible (be fast but silent) 2. Prior to arriving on scene slow it down a few blocks prior to the scene 3. Observe any strange activity, suspicious vehicles, suspicious subjects fleeing the scene 4. Do not park infront of the business or residents (do not slam vehicle door) 5. Be aware of vehicles leaving the scene 6. Once on scene, look around, look for an entry/exit point 7. Always request a K-9 if found entry point 8. Announce presences when entering the premise 9. Try not to contaminate the scene when conducting search 10. Once search is completed. Document the scene and damage down to property especially entry/exit points. (get value of damage)
When responding to a burglary in progress, what are the steps:
1. Uniform 2. ID 3. Place right hand over heart in a "C" formation
When trying to communicate with a hearing impaired individual, how can you identify yourself as a Police Officer?
1. Driver's license. 2. Registration. 3. Proof of insurance.
When you begin to talk with the violator, ask the violator for?
A. exit immediately and secure the scene
When you find a clandestine lab, the first thing you should do is: A. exit immediately and secure the scene B. sit there and play with it C. Go Breaking Bad style
A. Seated, in private indoor location
Where is the best possible place and position to give a person a death notification? A. Seated, in private indoor location B. Standing, outside door location C. Kneeling, half way through door
commercial businesses
Which is more likely to be victimized residential or commercial businesses?
patrol officers
Who is the first person who is most likely to come across these victims?
Have the trained technician lift a footprint using the A. EDPL (Electrostatic Dust Print Lifter).
Who lifts foot prints from a crime scene? A. EDPL B. you the Officer C. Forensic Scientist
C. Individual grabs onto Officer
Who should grab onto who when dealing with a visually impaired individual? A. Officer grab onto impaired individual B. None touch each other C. Individual grabs onto Officer
What 6 questions does a good report usually answer?
Who, What, When, Where, Why, How
A good report has all the following
Who, what, why, when , where and how
The victim
Whose has the responsibility of keeping address, phone number, etc, current with each entity that is responsible for providing victims with their rights?
Victims are a commodity and reusable with a high profit vs. time margin
Why is human trafficking the 2nd most profitable enterprise in organized crime?
because the suspect will have a pattern. Makes it easier to find the suspect
Why is it important to document a suspects M.O.?
1. Helps the victim rebuild a sense of personal safety. (fear/ feeling violated) 2. Appraisal of crime risk and the initiation of action to reduce or remove 3. Enhance crime prevention within the community
Why is it important to focus on the crime victims than the crime itself?
How long do you have to conduct a forensic investigation?
Within 120 hours
Involving DNA aka Blood, Semen and other bodily fluids how long do you have before they need to be impounded in a fridge/freezer?
Within 2 hours of collection
Can you strike a suspect in the head if they are not complying, actively fighting and that is the only place you can access to get a hit in?
Yes
Resistance
______ is interchangeable with prevention.
Appraisal, initiation
______ of a crime risk and the _____ of *action to reduce or remove* it thereby reducing the probability the victim will become a repeat victim.
B. Scott Reagent
_______ ______ is the field test for cocaine. A. Marquis Reagent B. Scott Reagent C. Narcan
A. Marquis Reagent
_______ ______ is the field test for heroin. A. Marquis Reagent B. Scott Reagent C. Narcan
C. Marquis Reagent
_______ ______ is the field test for methamphetamine. A. Narcan B. Scott Reagent C. Marquis Reagent
what is a telltale sign that a vehicle may be stolen?
a damaged steering column
laceration
a deep injury produced by blunt force causing tearing or splitting of the skin sift tissue and internal injuries
Striations - Are caused by ??
a hard object (i.e. pry bar or screwdriver etc.) going or being scraped across the face of a softer material / i.e a doorlock plate, window sill, door lock on a car or a car window frame etc.
what is a one-on-one identification also known as ?
a show-up
a result of a baby being shaken or thrown is?
a subdural hematoma (collection of blood between the skull and dura... membrane that covers the brain)
*what is a police report*
a written document containing factual info about a specific event or series of events
A.R.S. §28-4593 - Altering a serial or identification number. It is under this statute that a VIN switch (the altering or changing of a vehicle's identification number) is charged. The elements are:
a. "Without permission of the department": A person removes numbers without the permission of the Department of Transportation. b. "Knowingly": The person knows what he/ she is doing. c. "Removes, defaces, alters, or destroys any manufacturer's serial or identification number": This applies to all places the number appears on the vehicle, not just the number on the dash. d. "From any motor vehicle or major component part": This includes removing the numbers from items like doors, engines, transmissions and those major body parts having numbers. i. The simple act of doing this, such as in a body reconstruction, is a Class 3 misdemeanor. ii. Doing this with the intent to alter the identity of the vehicle is a Class 5 felony.
Proceed directly to the crime scene using emergency procedures. The purpose of this type of response is to stop the criminal act, render immediate aid or to establish control of the scene as quickly as possible. Examples of crimes that would generally fall in this category would be:
a. A fight with weapons. b. A large gang party. c. Sexual assault. d. An officer's urgent request for assistance. e. Assault. f. A bomb threat. g. A stabbing. h. A shooting.
Park and observe. The purpose of this type of response is to survey an area or gain additional intelligence information on crime in an area. It may also be used to catch a person in the act of committing the crime. Examples of crimes that would generally fall in this response are
a. A speeding vehicle. b. Any suspicious activity. c. Drug activity. d. Prostitution. e. Noise disturbance
Resources to consider when responding to a burglary
a. Additional police units. b. Police service dog (K-9). c. Air unit. d. Undercover units. * Develop a flexible plan to effectively deal with the variables of the call *
Issues which impact communication with the elderly
a. Fear of crime b. Trusting and susceptible to fraud schemes c. Reluctant to report crime out of shame
Laboratory analysis of glass can reveal the following:
a. Fingerprint evidence/comparison. b. Direction of force prior to glass breakage. c. Sequence of bullet holes. d. DNA from blood
what type of information would be important to communicate in an appropriate vital information (ATL)
a. If you have a crime. b. If you have a suspect description
Proceed directly to the crime scene as quickly, safely and silently as possible. The purpose of this type of response is to catch a person in the act of committing the crime. Examples of crimes that would generally fall in this category would be:
a. Indecent exposure. b. Burglary. c. Robbery d. A prowler. e. Criminal damage. f. Alarms. g. A beer run. h. Auto theft
Federal deposit insurance coperation
a. Insure bank deposits b. Reason why FBI responds to back robberies
physiological response to outside stimuli.
a. Muscle tightening. b. Gritting of teeth; setting of the jaw. c. Dilation of pupils. d. Restriction of blood flow
Recruiting is done through public venues such as:
a. Sporting events b. Concerts c. Shopping Malls d. Schools
Look for a suspicious person(s) or vehicle in the area
a. Stay alert for any sign of danger. b. Be aware of your surroundings
Three styles of robberies
a. The ambush - involves virtually no planning and depends almost entirely on the element of surprise -EX would be robberies in which victims are physically overpowered by sudden. Crude force and in which scores are generally small -Does not mean a lack of planning however, that there is no premeditation b. The selective raid -Is characterized by a minimal amount of casual planning -Sites are tentatively selected, very briefly cased an possible routes of approach are formulated -Scope vary from low to moderate to several robberies may be committed in rapid succession c. Planned operation -Characterized by larger scores, no force, less likely to be apprehended
A.R.S. §28-4594 - Altered serial or identification number; seizure.
a. This statute gives you the authority to seize a vehicle whose numbers have been removed, defaced, altered or destroyed until such time as the vehicle is properly identified. b. Vehicles meeting the previous conditions can be seized immediately. c. Before doing so, check for a STATE ASSIGNED NUMBER which is a sticker, plate or stamped number assigned by the Motor Vehicle Division for vehicles whose numbers were removed, altered, defaced or destroyed. This is usually located on the body inside where the driver's door closes. d. Check your department's policy before seizing a vehicle
A.R.S. §13-1202 - Threatening or intimidating
a. To cause physical injury to another person or serious damage to the property of another; or b. To cause, or in reckless disregard to causing, serious public inconvenience including, but not limited to, evacuation of a building, place of assembly or transportation facility; or c. To cause physical injury to another person or serious damage to the property of another in order to promote, further or assist in the interests of a criminal street gang or a criminal syndicate of a racketeering enterprise
Typology of robberies
a. Visible street robbery - Visible street robberies take place in open areas, frequently on side streets or in parking lots, and are characterized by physical force, the element of surprise and speed. b. Street robberies i. Armed ii. Unarmed iii. Purse snatch c. Non-visible street robbery- Non-visible robberies occur off the streets, usually in a residential or commercial building, a public transportation facility or some similar location. d. Residential robberies - in which the perpetrator actually enters a home, account for 10% of reported robberies. e. Vehicle robberies - car jacking's f. Commercial robbery- Most commercial robberies are of small businesses and stores that are open in the evening and night hours, such as convenience stores, service stations, bars and package stations.
what is a non-negotiable item:
a. Your weapon. i. Experience has shown that the officer giving up his/her gun upon demand does not reduce the danger to the officer. If an officer finds himself/herself at the mercy of a suspect who has the advantage. . . ii. Surrendering your weapon might mean giving away your only chance of survival
tactical considerations for ambush
accelerating through kill zone driving to nearest cover abandoning vehicle reversing out of the situation
drowning is an ______ _____ __ ______
accidental cause of death
An in custody death would be an _____ ______
accidental death
Avoid marking the __________ items of evidence themselves.
actual
What types of reports are generated within an agency?
administrative reports
After a protective sweep of the area, _____ _____ _____ first.
aid the injured
PPE protects you from ?
another persons body fluids
Proceed to the crime scene using a route where fleeing suspects are most likely to be intercepted. The purpose of this type of response is to ?
anticipate the escape route of the criminal and place yourself in areas where you could see possible suspect vehicle
An investigative detention may last how long?
as necessary to effectuate the purpose of the stop. There is no set maximum time limit within which an investigatory stop must be completed.
To keep accurate notes, when should we write the information down?
as soon as we learn it, write it down precisely as discovered
*to keep notes accurate, when should we write down the information?*
as soon as we learn it, write it down precisely as discovered; accuracy
Tone reveals your ________
attitude
If a person invokes their right to an ________, the interrogation must immediately stop. No further questioning may take place until an __________ is present or the person waives their right to an __________
attorney
Natural death caused by conditions like Heart attack, . Cancer, Diabetes, and Various other diseases will cause you to have who respond? a. Homicide detectives b. doctor c. ghost busters
b. doctor will sign death certificate
full thickness burns will cause patients what type of pain? a. excruciating pain b. little to no pain and hard to the touch c. kind of hurts might go to the doctor later
b. hard to touch and little to no pain
mechanics of generating force
balance power speed accuracy
secure the scene! It is better to have a perimeter that is too ____ rather than too _____
big small
color abbreviations
blu --> blue blk ___> black *bro --> brown* grn --> geen *gry---> gray*
diabetes
body unable to use sugar
Glass should be collected carefully in order to avoid
breakage and then tagged. It should be packaged in a soft material enclosed within a hard, sealed box with "fragile - glass" written on the outside. Extra care must be taken by the officer in transporting this item of evidence.
Information on Human Trafficking can be provided by
by law enforcement, faith based groups and grant funded non-governmental organizations. EX Shared Hope International which is a Faith based organization in Arizona, Dedicated to rescuing victims and aggressively pursuing traffickers and buyers in Arizona.
signs of a normal pregnancy? a. breech b. premature birth c. appearance of head at vaginal opening
c. appearance of head at vaginal opening
what is your first consideration when responding to a reported homicide? A. determine manner of death B. secure scene C. check victim for signs of life
c. check victim for signs of life
Issuing a bad check goes to
check enforcement with Maricopa county
Other common types of evidence found at a crime scene include miscellaneous items left by the suspect. This may include
cigarette butts and beverage containers such as cans, bottles and packages along with glasses.
the heart, blood, and vessels make up what system ?
circulatory system
Explain to the violator that signing his/her name to a ______ _______ is not admitting responsibility, only acknowledging receipt of the citation.
civil citation
What are some methods used by gangs to distinguish their members from members of other gangs?
clothing, tattoos, associates, monikers, and hand signals
When writing a report you should
communicate all relevant findings in writing
citizens surveyed said the believe the top four attributes officers should have are ?
communication compassion professionalism positive attitude
*what are the uses of a police report*
compile stats (ucr) refresh memory in court basis for officer evaluation/performance follow up info
Appropriate body language techniques when interacting with: Children
consideration and empathy - sit or get on your haunches to be at eye level.
People communicate on two (2) levels
content and emotion
heat stroke you should _____ patient as soon as possible
cool
*what does an operational report do?*
crime report
The United States Supreme Court has established the right of a police officer, under the Fourth Amendment, to stop a person based on reasonable suspicion of investigating what?
criminal activity
Culpable Mental States
criminal negligence (fail to perceive) reckless (risk) knowingly (aware of circumstances) intent (goal)
Financial gain separates _____ ________ from street gangs
criminal syndicates
The intention of the officer is irrelevant to the determination of
custody
putrefaction is a sign of ?
death
Fatigue affects ?
decision reaction time
PRE- GROOMING
deliberately undertaken with the aim of befriending and establishing an emotional connection with a child, to lower the child's inhibitions in order to sexually abuse them or lure them into prostitution.
DOCUMENTS PARENTS ______/_______/________ in child abuse cases
demeanor, behavior, explanations (compare these explanations to the injuries)
BACK-UP UNIT RESPONSIBILITIES
determine ... Nature of incident- what is the call for service? Where to respond- primary location? Hazards involved- weapons? Number of people involved- suspects? victims?
in the focused history/ secondary assessment what should you determine for transport?
determine the seriousness of the injury
distance and relative position can vary based on?
different individuals, sitting v. standing
Officers need to be empathetic, sensitive to the victim's emotional needs and attempt to assist the victim in regaining what?
dignity and control
Stress can be called the
disease of modern society
*What do you do with an Eviscerated (extruded) intestine?*
do not put it back in, but cover with a moist, sterile dressing and a protective cup
What do you do with an impaled object anywhere in eye area?
do not remove
Identify the following special investigative considerations associated with assault
document injuries accurately, photographing injuries
An operator may violate traffic laws if they do so with ?
due regard
The level of a person's ______________ can affect his/her ability to understand the situation, your directions and/or the questions you ask.
education
Listen to the _______ behind the content
emotion
you should _____ with victims not _____
empathize not sympathize
Appropriate body language techniques when interacting with: Victims/witnesses
express empathy and adjust your position to be at their eye level.
Graffiti can indicate the following except for? a) Gang identification. b) Nicknames of gang members. c) Impending inter-gang violence. d) Claims of responsibility for past criminal acts. e) Territorial boundaries f) Disrespect towards other gangs
f) Disrespect towards other gangs
A well written report is
factual and objectice
Police reports are documented by opinion? true or false
false
True or false. You should read miranda to a suspect that is linked to a death investigation.
false
Allowing interplay between the mind and the body is called a ________ _______.
feedback loop The key to managing stress is to break the feedback loop.
Written records Brief Information Refresh your memory What am I?
field notes
When confronted with a crisis, humans are programmed with a _____ _____ ______ response
fight , flight or freeze
Criminal syndicate are organized for _______ ______
financial gain
Displays individual characteristics - can be traced to only one (1) person. If a _____________ is found at a crime scene, it will place its owner at the scene.
fingerprint
The officer must be mindful to handle the miscellaneous articles carefully so that _________ and ___________ may be conducted at the laboratory.
fingerprint analysis and DNA analysis
Cartridges from revolvers have ______ ______ _______ that can be compared to ID the gun it was fired in.
firing pin impressions
Impressions include _______, ___________, ___________
footprints, tool marks and tire prints
Trafficking involves the manipulation or control of victims through
force, fraud, or coercion (abuse, starvation, threats against family)
How does the Rocky mountain information network assist in the investigation of organized crime?
form of networking with other intelligence units across the nation
Be aware of common and easily accessible escape routes such as ______ and _____ when trying to apprehend robbery suspects also what are some other tactically sound responses you should consider
freeways and alleys. *Determine the mode of flight and estimate travel time (on foot or in a vehicle). * *Be aware of suspicious persons on foot or in vehicles. * *Park out of the line of sight and approach the scene (walk) using good cover. *
How does the Federal Bureau of investigations assist in the investigation of organized crime?
gain information on orgainized crime families across the nation they have a section dedicated to traditional O/C members and they also have NGIC (national gang intelligence center)
Discuss photographs, moving from ______ to ______.
general to specific
What is Operational Reports?
generated *by a police agency* to report a crime or incident in which there may be further follow up or whenever there is the possibility for a delayed request for prosecution. (aka Incident Reports (IR) /Departmental Reports (DR))
What is Administrative Reports?
generated *within a police agency* (aka memo)
ground defense v. ground survival
ground defense keeps you from going to the ground ground survival designed to help you fight from the ground to get back up
The____ ______ can show DNA
hair follicle
Neither______ ____ ______ exhibit individual characteristics that will allow them to be traced to specific individuals, but they do exhibit class characteristics that will allow us to narrow the field of possible suspects.
hair nor fiber
secondary strikes?
hammer fist strike elbow strike knee strike head strike kicks (front thrust, front snap, round kick)
Deadly force: As a general rule and whenever deadly force is not justified, avoid the _____ and ______ area of the body
head and neck
On most motorcycles, the VIN is stamped into the?
headstock or down tubes near the headstock. Modern cycles will have an engine number which is a derivative of the VIN. The VIN is located near the rear wheels on Scooters.
if chest pain does not go away in 15 minutes it is called?
heart attack
children require you to do CPR with ?
heel of one hand
There are two kinds of pimps:
i. "Gorilla Pimp" referred to someone who pimps another person through brute force. ii. "Romeo Pimp" refers to someone who cons vulnerable girls/boys into a relationship with them, pretending to care, then turns them out on the streets as prostitutes. .
what things should be considered when investigating commercial robberies
i. Officers should secure business surveillance camera photographs. ii. The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) should be notified of all robberies committed at federally-insured institutions. iii. While investigating a commercial robbery, officers should inquire into the existence of bait, bills or traceable currency. iiii. As with other similar crimes, it is important that the officer carefully identify the M.O. and it should be well documented in the officer's report.
TYPES OF ROBBERIES
i. Street. ii. Bank. iii. Convenience store iiii. residential
A person commits sex trafficking by knowingly enticing, recruiting, harboring, providing, transporting or otherwise obtaining another person with either:
i. The intent to cause the other person to engage in any prostitution or sexually explicit performance by deception, force or coercion; or ii. The knowledge that the other person will engage in any prostitution or sexually explicit performance by deception, coercion or force.
The investigator/officer should consider facts that suggest an M.O., such as:
i. The target of the robbery. ii. Weapons. iii. The type of property taken. iv. The exact words spoken by the perpetrator. v. The number of suspects and the tasks they performed. vi. Needless or vicious force and similar elements.
why / how do people get involved in human trafficking
i. Voluntary, they get involved because they have a. Nowhere to go to b. No education. c. No other marketable life skills, can't get a legitimate job. ii. Involuntary a. Abducted from previously normal life. iii. Sold to traffickers, mainly due to: a. Family debt b. drug debt
human smuggling requires
illegal crossing of the U.S. border
what two things are required to invoke Miranda warnings?
in custody & interrogation
It is possible that, unless the crime scene is protected, a person may ?
inadvertently contaminate or destroy evidence. protecting victim preventing interference of investigation
incised wounds
incision slash or cut that is caused by a sharp edged instrument sharp knives / razor blades/ glass length of wound is usually greater than depth
What is fact?
information that can be checked and *verified*; it exists
the abc's are part of what assessment
initial assessment
*what are not uses of a police report*
insurance requirements data about the officer topics for officer training info dissemination
to negate noise you should use a ?
interrogation room
where should the spotlight be pointed
into the rear-view mirror of the violator.
*what does an administrative report do?*
intra-departmental
An _______________ _____________ may last as long as necessary to effectuate the purpose of the stop. There is no set maximum time limit within which an investigatory stop must be completed.
investigative detention
Robbery
is defined as the illegal taking of something of value from the control, custody or person of another by threatening, putting in fear or through the use of force.
SHORT-TERM stress
is the "healthy kind of stress." It represents a challenge or a threat that causes an alarm reaction that we ARE ABLE to respond to effectively
*what are the characteristics of a well written report*
legible factual clear concise mechanically correct
When searching a building at night, decide on the appropriate use of _______.
lights Be aware of silhouetting and backlighting Use lights when they are to your advantage and remove lights that disadvantage you.
Hypovolemic shock is caused by
loss of blood
head injuries may result in ?
loss of consciousness
How does AZDPS assist in the investigation of organized crime?
manage Gangnet database governing user of ACIC AND NCIC Host agency for GIITEM
Trafficking involves the ?
manipulation or control of victims through force, fraud, or coercion (abuse, starvation, threats against family)
what are the most common street drugs?
marijuana, methamphetamine, cocaine, and heroin
Dangerous instrument
means anything that under the circumstances in which it is used, attempted to be used or threatened to be used, is readily capable of causing death or serious physical injury
Deadly physical force
means force which is used with the purpose of causing death or serious physical injury or in the manner of its use or intended use, is capable of creating substantial risk or causing death or serious physical injury.
Custody
means formal arrest or circumstances which would lead a reasonable person to believe he or she was in custody
what sort of things should be considered during a burglary
method of how crime was committed document MO method of entry / tools used
Laboratory analysis: With suspected _______/________ the laboratory analysis will be able to identify what type of drug it is and whether or not it is a usable quantity.
narcotics/ drugs,
Care must be taken to not contaminate or damage the packages that ________/_______ are found in.
narcotics/drugs
do terry stops require Miranda?
no
if you are interrogating someone over the phone... do you have to mirandize them?
no
is it necessary to use specific words to give Miranda warnings?
no per California vs. Prysock, officers should read them directly from the rights card, as doing so makes it easy but it does not have to be verbatim
In a tactical reload, is the gun empty?
no, you remove and retain a partially loaded mag so that you do not have to do an empty gun reload.
The best definition of objective is
non-opinionated, fair and impartial
When interviewing a child what can help minimize their fear?
non-threatening posture, watch your tone of vioce
does general personal information require Miranda?
nope
Delivery of a premature baby should be treated as a:
normal delivery
when investigating burglary, it is important to...?
note Modus Operandi (M.O.) in report; document missing property in detail
Identify the following special investigative considerations associated with Burglary
note Modus Operandi (M.O.) in report; document missing property in detail.
Emergency driving needs ______ and ________ ______
offensive and defensive driving
level of control
officer presence verbal direction empty hand control intermediate weapons lethal force
Appropriate body language techniques when interacting with: Suspects
officer safety and command presence
what IMPORTANT aspect should be considered when responding to a burglary call?
officer safety, make sure to call for backup
Bring victim/RP to the _____ ______ at the scene of a robbery
officer's position.
what type of reports are written on patrol?
operational
When pulling a violator over for a traffic citation, use care and caution to get the violator to the stop area safely, while being aware of ?
other traffic and pedestrians.
identify the following factors which contribute to traffic accidents
over confidence self - righteousness impatience preoccupation/ distraction peer pressure
Hypoglycemia symptoms:
pale skin too much insulin too little sugar rapid pulse seizures/ comma rapid onset
Although many of the officers involved in critical situations reported more than one (1) symptom of _______ _______, all reported experiencing at least one (1). give examples...
perceptual distortion a. (85%) diminished sound - auditory exclusion. b. (80%) tunnel vision - "looking through a straw" - turn your head. c. (74%) automatic pilot - reverting to training. d. (72%) heightened visual clarity - size distortion and flash bulb memory.
Capillaries microscopic in size allowing exchange of food and waste to take place called _______
perfusion
Identify _________ of crime scene, determine what it is and where it will be (Set up __________ always larger than needed.)
perimeter
types of evidence
physical - things that can be impounded testimony- spoken statements circumstantial - can infer
The first step prior to cleaning is to unload and ____________ and _________ verify.
physically; visually
Sketches are, themselves, a type of
police report
Two types of aggression
predatory- conquest defensive- escape
Stress is
pressure for action or change
Human Trafficking is the second most __________ enterprise for organized crime. The first is illegal drug trade.
profitable - For example, the profits of one pimp running a 5-girl "stable" could make approximately: i. $1.5 million a year. ii. A weekly average of $30,000
Officers must always have _____ ______
proper attitude
1. The owner of the business or residence will be able to tell you what has been disturbed. 2. Consider walking him/her through the crime scene to assist you in your investigation. 3. Assure that they do not touch anything. 4. Consider calling out a property detective on large cases. these are all aspects of ______ _____ while responding to burglaries
protecting evidence
levels of resistance
psychological intimidation- nonverbal cues indicating subjects attitude, appearance and physical readiness verbal non compliance- unwillingness or threats passive resistance- physical actions that do not prevent officer's attempt of control defensive resistance- physical actions which attempt to prevent officers control but not hurt officer active aggression- physical actions of assault aggravated active aggression- deadly force encounter
What does RPM stand for ?
rationalize Projection Minimize
an officer may only use that force necessary to effect the arrest. arrest will be judges on the ______ and ______ of the force used
reasonableness and necessity
Officers may use the force____________ ____________to detain a person during an investigative detention.
reasonably necessary
The three R's of human trafficking/smuggling
recognize rethink respond
parry
redirection of an incoming blow by striking it at a right angle to its trajectory
when you are interviewing a good victim what is something that must be established
report
POLICE OFFICERS RESPONSIBILITY TO VICTIMS?
required to complete and distribute the Victims' rights request/ waiver form to victim
A.R.S. §12-242(C)
requires an interpreter for Miranda to be delivered
The proper way to treat animal bites is to do what?
rinse with soap and water
risk factors of sudden custody death syndrome
risk factors include... delirium or psychosis feeling bugs under skin hearing voices violent behavior hypothermia seizures
*The greatest danger to officers is after the ______ is over.*
robbery
On route to the scene of a ________ ______, the officer must ensure that all information available from the dispatcher has been obtained.
robbery call
purpose of post
selection, training and retention
Rapid and weak pulse (early) is a sign of _____
shock
two (2) kinds of stress
short term and long term
for a hostage/ barricade call, Determine the nature and validity of the call. With assistance from dispatch, gather as much information about the call as you can prior to arriving at the scene. You will need to determine your level of response based on the comments from the dispatcher and the call priority level. Generally, your approach should be ______ & _______, using cover and concealment.
silent and invisible
Avoid ___________ in your own headlights
silhouetting
Appropriate body language techniques when interacting with: The elderly
sit down, slow down and speak clearly.
what are some symptom of late hypothermia
slow or absent breathing or stupurous thoughts
Recruiting is also through ?
social networking such as: a. Facebook b. Instant messaging services/apps c. Dating sites
________ ______ while checking the airway
stabilize spine
what is a court order for identifying characteristics?
step below a warrant, allows individual be detained to obtain identifying characteristics ie photos, handwriting etc.
What does SIDS stand for?
sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)
What is a Suspect?
supported by some type of corroborating evidence
sign v. symptom
symptom- something that you cannot see, but you can feel. IE nausea, headache, high blood pressure sign- something you can see IE bruise, bleeding
*what is the first paragraph of a report and what does it do?*
synopsis, tells the reader what the report is about
defense
techniques and tactics used to stop or neutralize physical assault
places that can result in serious injury or death when hit with baton...
temple ears behind ears eye bridge of nose kidney spine back of neck
when treating an electrical burn patient what should you verify?
that the power is turned off
the 13th letter in the alphabet is M which could represent the Mexican Mafia
the 14th letter in the alphabet is and which could represent the Nuestra Familia or affiliation to Northern California Norte
1. Locate the point of entry. 2. Attempt to contact the owner for a key (if needed) and information about the building. 3. Complete a building search per procedure. 4. Units should be instructed to search the area around the crime scene for the following: a. Evidence. b. Witnesses. c. Property are all part of what?
the decision to decide when and how to search the immediate area/ building when responding to a burglary
human trafficking involves
the exploitation of a person or persons for commercial sex or forced labor
Keep visual contact on ?
the violator and on the inside of the violator vehicle.
definition of body mechanics
the way in which the body moves and maintains balance with most effective use of all its parts
A brief informal way officer's can refresh their memory about an incident
their notes
Robbery and panic alarms differ from other alarms in one (1) key aspect?
they are activated by a person to intentionally summons the police.
primary strikes?
those techniques that can be used easily and in the most diverse situations impact push palm heel/ fist strike
The determination of whether a person is in custody for purposes of Miranda depends on the
totality of the circumstances.
Most trafficking are located using
traditional police contacts
Most trafficking are located using ?
traditional police contacts
All money earned is turned over to the ?
trafficker
what are the two motivations for auto theft?
transportation and profit
A person may change their mind about invoking their right to silence. t/f
true
Police reports can be used for statistical data? true or false
true
Police reports can be used for the evaluation of officer's? true or false
true
The law does not require a parent to be present at the interview of a juvenile. However, the courts will consider the absence of a parent when determining whether statements made by the juvenile are voluntary and admissible T/F
true
false. they do
true or false. Juveniles DO NOT have the same rights under Miranda as adults.
Airborne transmission......
tuberculosis
Voice is defined as your
verbal personality
* what is a fact & where do they belong *
verifiable information, belong in police (operational) report
*confirmatory bias*
we look for confirmation of our stereotypes not to challenge or change them
four questions to ask during a child abuse investigation?
what happened? who did this? where were you when this happened? when did this (last) happen? only ask the four protocol question and AVOID asking why as it could make them feel like it is their fault
How does the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) assist in the investigation of organized crime?
with drug investigation and provide money, manpower and equipment.
*The best accuracy for note taking should be to*
write down all the facts as soon as they are discovered
* notes *
written records brief informal refresh memory
Is it necessary to verify the condition of a weapon that has been out of your control even for a moment?
yes every single time
do juveniles have the same Miranda rights as adults?
yesss
Having a seat belt on helps to?
you know save your life and ... control vehicle in collision
