BA 302 Midterm

a feminine (nurturing) culture

A culture that values maintaining good relationships, caring for the weak and quality of life is most likely a

come up with novel solutions to a problem

A diverse work team is more likely to:

high in need for affiliation

Abdul tends to emphasize harmonious interpersonal relationships, prefers to be with friends, and enjoys family events. Abdul would probably be categorized as being

true

According to one survey, over half of workers report job stress as an issue for them.

conscientiousness

Across a variety of occupations and jobs, what is the one personality trait that most uniformly predicts how high a person's performance will be?

all of the answers are correct: performance, citizenship behaviors, compliance with safety rules

Age is positively correlated with the following work behaviors

they often have difficulty making friends

All of the following are accurate about those with a proactive personality EXCEPT:

replacing employees who are stressed with more resilient employees.

All of the following are steps that firms are taking to assist employees in dealing with stress in the workplace EXCEPT

false

All stress results in negative consequences.

refer to stable life goals people have, reflecting what is most important to them.

Values:

Australia

Which of the following cultures is most likely to be categorized as individualistic?

structure, access to information, leadership style (all of these answers are correct)

Which of the following factors determine empowerment?

this is a guess: being aggressive

Which of the following is a deep-level diversity trait?

recognition

Which of the following is a motivator factor in Herzberg's theory of motivation?

Staffing costs are lower because the repetitive nature of tasks makes skill requirements lower.

Which of the following is an advantage to job specialization?

Anna's coworker Julie was just let go due to downsizing. Anna worries about whether she will get to keep her job.

Which of the following is an example of anticipatory stress?

what are your childcare arrangements?

Which of the following is an illegal interview question?

meaningfulness

Which of the following is considered a psychological state in Hackman and Oldham's job characteristics model?

introversion/extraversion

Which of the following is not one of Hofstede's four dimensions that explain variation among cultures?

change the facts of the situation

Which of the following is one way to alleviate cognitive dissonance?

fear

Which of the following represents a negative emotion?

Despite working long hours, workaholics may feel guilty or like they haven't worked enough.

Which of the following statements is true regarding workaholics?

Wellness programs are a viable way to address employee absenteeism.

Which of the following statements regarding absenteeism is accurate?

Research shows that teachers who are rewarded for their students' success may give their students answers during tests to improve the test scores.

Which of the following statements regarding goal setting and ethics is true?

Telecommuting success is dependent on matching the right employee to the right job in the right environment.

Which of the following statements regarding telecommuting is correct?

Individuals high in openness seek feedback on what they are doing and thus adjust to their jobs more quickly.

Which of the following statements regarding the Big 5 personality traits is true?

Work-life conflict occurs when the demands of work and family negatively impact each other.

Which of the following statements regarding work-life conflict is correct?

false

While the American workforce is becoming more diverse, the world's workforce is not.

false

To influence instrumentality, make sure rewards are seen as desirable.

true

To reduce the frequency of negative behaviors, remove the rewards that followed those unwanted behaviors.

false consensus error

*When people consider themselves like other people, and overestimate their similarities to other people, they are making a

false

Americans enjoy much greater leisure time than their European counterparts.

candidates faking their answers.

Among the limitations associated with using personality tests in employee selection is

ignoring a coworker who is telling dirty jokes.

An example of extinction is

false

Attractive women are rated lower if they are employed in non-management jobs and higher if they are in management jobs.

tend to be more successful in their careers.

High social monitors

Equity theory

Chloe and Francois are graphic designers at Highland Lithographics. Both have the same job description. Earlier this month, Chloe found out that Francois makes $12.50 an hour while she makes $11.00. What theory of motivation best explains why Chloe went to her boss to complain about the pay disparity?

withholding rewards from those who are demonstrating unethical behaviors.

Companies can reduce the temptation to behave unethically by

tend to have written employment contracts for employees

Companies in cultures high in uncertainty avoidance

true

Conscientiousness, more than any other personality trait, predicts how successfully a person performs a variety of jobs.

true

Ethnocentrism is the belief that one's own culture is superior to other cultures.

false

Extraverts are always model employees.

true

Family security is a terminal value.

true

Firms with "sick leave" policies tend to have more individuals with unscheduled absences than those with "personal day off" policies.

are resilient even in the face of contrary evidence.

First impressions

displaying emotions in alignment with your emotions.

Genuine acting is

true

Giving an employee a sales commission every time he makes a sale is an example of a continuous reinforcement schedule.

true

High levels of perceived justice create higher levels of employee commitment.

d

How could a firm best satisfy an employee's safety needs? a) enroll the employee in a Microsoft Office training course B) provide an employee appreciation luncheon c) develop a weekly employee bowling league d) create a job security clause in the employment contract

it has energized you to keep going until you have accomplished the goal.

If you say to yourself, "As soon as I finish reading this chapter in my textbook, I am going to play Guitar Hero for an hour," this specific goal has motivated you because

cognitive dissonance

Imagine that you are a salesperson in a major department store. Though you might not actually believe it, you follow the policy of "the customer is always right" in your daily work at the store. However, since you do not agree with that view, you often experience

managers are believed to be more powerful and deserving of respect.

In cultures high in power distance:

the anticipated satisfaction that will result from an outcome.

In expectancy theory, valence is

true

Individuals with a high need for achievement may neglect managerial activities, like coaching, because they view it as a waste of time.

want to be accepted by others

Individuals with a high need for affiliation

low consensus, low distinctiveness, and high consistency.

Internal attribution occurs with

high distributive justice

Joaquin received the Chancellor's Award and an $8,000 scholarship for a research paper and formal presentation he created. He believes that he worked hard for the paper and the presentation and deserved the award. Joaquin would feel a sense of

true

Job specialization entails breaking down jobs into their simplest components.

false

John's company downsized, and John is now performing his own job plus most of his former coworker Sidney's job. John is now experiencing role ambiguity.

stereotype

Karen tells his boss that a member of her team, Lee, is having trouble keeping up with his work because older men just aren't as good at math. This is an example of

false

Low power distance societies view an unequal distribution of power as relatively acceptable.

job rotation

Maria works at a factory in Lima, Peru where she sews blue jeans for a major American firm. On Mondays, she sews the side seams of the jeans, on Tuesdays she sews on pockets, Wednesdays she presses finished jeans, Thursdays she folds jeans, packages sets of twelve in shrink wrap and places them in boxes, and on Friday she sews decorative stitching on the pockets and side seams. Maria is working under the job design technique of

a proactive personality

Marissa always seems to know who to talk to in her organization to get things done. When her immediate supervisor seemed less than enthusiastic about her proposal, she made sure to mention it to the manager in another department who shared it with his boss. Marissa was just approached about implementing her proposal. Marissa seems to have

true

Merit pay is a permanent pay raise based on past performance.

true

Michael needs to discipline one of his employees. Before doing so, he should make sure the punishment he is administering fits the crime.

true

Mindfulness-based programs are increasingly being utilized by organizations as a way to help employees combat stress at work.

High levels of justice create higher levels of organizational citizenship behaviors.

Nejah is reading a report on employee justice perceptions. The article notes which of the following points?

true

On the Holmes-Rahe scale, the most stressful life event is the death of a spouse.

true

One way to deal with perceived inequity is to decrease your own inputs.

b

One way to satisfy self-actualization needs is to: a) go out to dinner once a month with coworkers b) pursue a master's degree thru a company's tuition reimbursement program c) receive an employee of the week award d) get a $100 suggestion bonus from your firm for a labor cost saving tip you placed in your department's suggestion box

true

Performance is a function of motivation, ability, and environment

true

Person-job fit is positively related to job satisfaction.

true

Proactive people understand the political environment in organizations, so they adjust quickly to new jobs.

increase his outcomes

Ramone feels that he was unfairly passed over for a promotion at his firm. How might he deal with the perceived inequity?

Teams with strong faultlines have the potential to perform well if they can establish certain norms.

Research indicates that groups with faultlines exhibit which of the following characteristics?

false

Research indicates that older employees exhibit higher absenteeism than their younger counterparts.

crying may intensify negative feelings because it is a social signal that the individual weeping is very upset.

Research on crying as a stress reliever suggests

individuals with Type A personalities are more likely to experience negative organizational outcomes.

Research on individual differences in the type of stress experienced by employees indicates that

feedback is most effective if it immediately follows high or low performance.

Research on performance appraisal suggests

more likely to be employed in jobs with high skill and qualification requirements they do not possess

Research suggests that employees suffering from disabilities are disadvantaged for all of the following reasons EXCEPT:

true

Research suggests that when we do self-evaluations, our scores are consistently higher than the scores given us by our peers and superiors. This is an example of self-enhancement bias.

role conflict

Rodney is experiencing a real dilemma. His boss just called him and told him that he had to attend a dinner meeting Wednesday night with some important out-of-town clients. Rodney's daughter just called and told him she will be dancing a solo at her dance recital on Wednesday evening. Rodney is experiencing

efficiency

Scientific management's primary focus is

the degree to which a person has overall positive feelings about him or herself.

Self-esteem is

insomnia is a stress-related epidemic.

Sleep research on stress indicates that

true

Some research shows that employees are more motivated when the goals set for them are challenging yet doable.

job enlargement

Stuart works on an auto assembly line. Last year he was responsible for welding the upper panel of the wheel well onto the left rear wheel area. This year, he is also responsible for welding all parts of the entire left rear wheel area. This auto assembly line underwent a job re-design using the ________ ________technique.

the degree to which a person is in charge of completing an identifiable piece of work from start to finish.

Task identity refers to

false

The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator is a very effective employee selection tool.

false

The customer service representative at the department store who keeps smiling as she listens to the customer bitterly complain about her newly purchased product is engaging in deep acting.

behavior is a function of the person and the situation interacting with each other.

The interactionist perspective suggests

job specialization

The local high school band needs to raise money to pay for a trip to New York City. It decides to sell sandwiches. Early Saturday morning, 20 volunteers report to the school cafeteria to make sandwiches. Stations are set up to make the 500 sandwiches ordered for that day. Station one has four individuals cutting sandwich buns, station two has four individuals placing the meats on the rolls, station three, etc. The individual who devised the sandwich-making production plan is operating under a

self-fulfilling prophecy

The professor announced the first day of class: "Students are not good at meeting deadlines. I guarantee you that someone will email me the day after a due date and ask if I will accept a paper for partial credit." Yesterday the first paper was due in the professor's class. He just checked his email and a student inquired whether the paper could be turned in for partial credit today. This is an example of

true

The similarity/attraction phenomenon suggests that individuals are attracted to those who are similar to them.

false

Though the glass ceiling was a legitimate issue a few years ago, today the number of women in executive positions of organizations is roughly the same as the number of men at that level.

false

To break the ice in an interview situation, an interviewer could legally ask, "What are some of the traditions your family practices for Christmas"?

false

To enhance their cultural intelligence, employees should become experts in one culture.

true

To increase the effectiveness of performance meetings, increase employee participation.

true

You are a Walt Disney Company management trainee. The first three months of your job you will be working in the restaurant and hospitality area. The next three months you will be in the merchandising area, followed by three months in lodging and finally, three months in park operations. The Walt Disney management trainee program is designed using the job rotation philosophy.

increases the desired behavior

positive reinforcement