BAD 2213 Chapter 6-10, 16

Under a construction contract that requires a builder to meet certain specifications, complete performance is required to avoid material breach.

True

Under the Federal CAN-SPAM act, it is prohibited to send unsolicited commercial e-mail to randomly generated e-mail addresses.

True

Under the Lanham Act, the federal law protecting trademarks, having a domain name that is identical or confusingly similar to the trademark of another is one element of a claim of illegal cybersquatting.

True

Broadband Inc., an Internet service provider, supplies information to the Federal Trade Commission concerning possible unfair or deceptive ads originating in a foreign jurisdiction. Which federal law would apply in this case?

U.S. Safe Web Act.

Generally speaking, people can use the amount of force that seems necessary to protect themselves, their dwellings, or other property or to prevent the commission of a crime, even if it is deadly.

False

Malwareis a hacker whose purpose is to create a serious negative impact.

False

Normally, a court will evaluate the adequacy of consideration based solely on the comparative value of the things exchanged as part of the agreement.

False

The crime victim must bring the case against the defendant.

False

The first element of proving fraud in contracting is to show that the innocent party is not easily fooled.

False

The offeror can revoke the offer only by expressly repudiating it.

False

Under federal law, banks, and other financial institutions are required to report currency transactions involving more than $20,000.

False

Under the objective theory of contracts, a contract is not enforceable without a clearly defined objective

False

If a condition to a lease for university housing that the tenant must be a student is not satisfied, then the landlord's obligations under the lease are discharged.

True

If it were not possible to assign contract rights, many businesses could not continue to operate.

True

In effect, a counteroffer converts the original offeror into an offeree with the power of acceptance.

True

Before either party to a contract has a duty to perform, one of the parties may refuse to perform that party's contractual obligations. This is referred to as an anticipatory repudiation.

True

Criminal liability for the piracy of copyrighted materials extends to persons who exchange unauthorized copies for profit, as well as those who share without seeking profit.

True

For a nonbreaching party to recover consequential damages, the breaching party must know (or have reason to know) that special circumstances will cause the nonbreaching party to suffer an additional loss.

True

In quasi-contract, the party who is seeking recovery must show that the other party who received a benefit, would be unjustly enriched if they were allowed to retain the benefit without paying for it.

True

It is most often companies, rather than courts or legislatures, that define the privacy rights of online users.

True

The Statute of Frauds operates as a defense to the enforcement of an oral contract for the sale of land.

True

The U.S. Constitution provides safeguards that apply not only in federal, but also in state courts

True

The greater the employer's control over the work, the more likely it is that the worker is an employee.

True

The offeree must accept the offer without adding or changing any terms.

True

To maintain a claim of trademark dilution, there must be proof that consumers are likely to be confused by a connection between the unauthorized use and the actual mark

True

Typosquatting is where cybersquatters register names that are misspellings, or popular brand names, to get high internet traffic.

True

Clark hires Dell, a real estate broker, to sell his beach house. The house is destroyed in a storm before it can be sold. Dell is Clark's agent

no more.

Duane and Evan orally agree to a transfer of forty acres of farmland. Evan asks Finance Bank to lend him the funds to buy the land. Under the Statute of Frauds, the agreement between Duane and Evan is enforceable by

no one because it is oral

Interactive Entertainment Corporation markets its products online. Through the use of cookies, Interactive Entertainment and other online marketers can:

track individuals' Web browsing and shopping activities.

Afford Motors LLC, an auto broker, uses the trademark of Ford Motor Company in a meta tag without Ford's permission. This is an example of:

trademark infringement.

Bey indicates that he is acting as an agent on behalf of an unidentified client—Cuisine LLC—when he enters into a contract with Diners Bistro. Cuisine is

a partially disclosed principal.

Luis hires Mieko to act as his agent to buy Ngoc's Southeast Asian Café. Luis tells Mieko to reveal only that she is buying the restaurant on behalf of a third party, without telling Ngoc's seller who that third party is. Luis is

a partially disclosed principal.

Ingmar asks Jess to contract with Kay's Lawn Service to maintain Ingmar's lawn. Jess orally agrees to do so. This is an agency by

agreement.

Curly Fries Inc. grants its agent Dian an exclusive territory in which to sell its products. The company cannot compete with Dian in that territory under the duty of

cooperation.

Sloane drives into Tire Service and asks to have a tire replaced on her car. Tire Service replaces the tire, but before Sloane pays for it, any contract between them is

executory.

Consequential damages are designed to punish the wrongdoer and set an example to deter similar conduct in the future.

False

Ray agrees to buy one hundred pounds of almonds from Sol. To be enforceable, the agreement must be in writing if the almonds cost at least

$500.

Rita contracts to work for Social Media Corporation (SMC) during April for $4,500. On March 31, SMC cancels the contract. Rita declines a similar job with Tech Talk, Inc., which would have paid $3,500. Rita files a suit against SMC. As compensatory damages, Rita can recover

$1,000.

An online retailer can generally track a user's web activities with cookies, without violating the person's right to privacy.

True

Firms that violate the FCPA can be fined up to $2 million. Individuals can be fined up to _______, and imprisoned for up to five years.

10,000

The Economic Espionage Act made the theft of trade secrets a federal crime. Individuals face up to _______ in fines.

500,000

Daredevil Rides, Inc., owes debts to Equipment Company and Food Supplies, Inc. Equipment orally agrees to assume Daredevil's debt to Food to prevent the concessionaire from filing a suit against Daredevil. This agreement is enforceable by

Daredevil, Equipment, or Food.

Intoxicated, Efron enters a contract for the sale of his business, Freight Dispatch, to Gretel for less than its market value. This contract is enforceable if, at the time,

Efron understood the legal consequences.

Erin indicates that she is acting as an agent on behalf of an unidentified client—Flight Services Inc.—when she enters into a contract with Go Airlines. Liability to Go for nonperformance of the contract may be imposed on

Erin and Flight Services.

Car Lot's salesperson Dick offers to sell Ernie, who is twenty years old, a car. Dick intentionally misrepresents the vehicle's use and repairs. In reliance, Ernie buys the car. To prove fraud, Ernie does not have to show that

Ernie is under twenty-one.

A contract clause that releases an employer from liability for any injury to an employee, no matter who is at fault, is generally enforceable.

False

A corporation can refuse to produce business records that might subject the firm to criminal prosecution.

False

A covenant not to compete imposed, as part of a sale of an ongoing business will be enforced even if the restrictions are unreasonable.

False

An independent contractor is, by definition, an employee

False

An undisclosed principal is one whose identity is totally unknown by an agent and a third party at the time a contract is made.

False

Apparent authorityin an agency relationship arises when the principal causes the agent to reasonably believe that he or she has the authority to act.

False

Employers are completely prohibited from taking actions against employees, or applicants based on their social network postings.

False

Fraudulent appropriation of another's property with which a person has been entrusted is the crime of receiving stolen goods.

False

Bob and Jim enter into a contract where Jim will custom make curtains for Bob's living room. Bob picks out the fabric and Jim makes the curtains. He delivers them to Bob and Bob refuses to pay, and says he does not like them. On what basis can Jim enforce?

Good faith

Under the Controlling the Assault of Non-Solicited Pornography and Marketing (CAN-SPAM) Act, which of these would be allowed?

Mailing a seasonal coupon out to a previous customer.

On May 1 Ralph offers to harvest Sam's corn crop and promises to keep the offer open until June 1. On May 3 Ralph mails Sam a letter revoking the offer. Sam receives the letter on May 5 and responds on May 6. Ralph's revocation of the offer became effective on

May 6.

__________ engages in financial transactions to conceal the identity, source, or destination of illegally gained funds.

Money laundering

An Internet service provider that shuts down a subscriber who infringes copyrights, can qualify for a "safe harbor" exemption under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act.

True

A civil case has a burden of proof that is a preponderance of the evidence.

True

A contract in which a party assumes a secondary obligation must be in writing to be enforceable.

True

A contract is an implied contract if the conduct of the parties creates and defines some of the terms.

True

A court usually will enforce a covenant not to compete provided its restrictions are reasonable.

True

To test computer security and conduct encryption research, Solutions Inc., was hired by Tech Corporation to circumvent the encryption software and other antipiracy protection of Tech Corporation's software. Under the Digital Millennium Copyright Act, this is: (choose all applicable answers)

a "fair use" exception to the provisions of the act & allowed under the research exception of the act.

Brie buys a subscription to music provided by Concerto, an online streaming service. Before gaining access, Brie must click "I agree" to a provision stating that she will not make and sell copies of the music. This provision is

a click-on agreement.

Via the Internet, Britta enters false code into the computer control system of Chicken Company, a food maker, to alter the levels of ingredients so that consumers of the food become ill. Britta is

a cyberterrorist

Rue obtains permission from Saga Corporation to use the firm's game app, Boggle, on their mobile devices. Rue does not obtain any ownership rights in the app. This is an example of:

a license.

Andy causes a disturbance at Brew Pub. He is arrested and charged with disorderly conduct; a crime punishable by imprisonment up to one year. This crime is

a misdemeanor.

Diamonds & Gold LLC hires Elle to buy gems and precious metals from various sources on its behalf. In this relationship, Diamonds is

a principal.

Red offers to pay Sara to deliver certain documents within thirty minutes. Sara can accept the offer only by completing the task within the deadline. If she does, Red and Sara will have

a unilateral contract.

Data, Inc., offers to provide certain services to Enterprise LLC, but mistakenly transposes some of the digits in the price so that $15,400 appears in the offer as $14,500. Enterprise accepts the written offer. Enterprise's best argument in favor of enforcement of the contract is that

a unilateral mistake does not afford relief from a contract.

Rene contracts with Scot to pay him $5,000 for repairs to Rene's lake cabin. After Scot performs, Rene tells him that she cannot pay him in full immediately. They sign an agreement in which Rene promises to pay $2,500 now, instead of $5,000 later. This is

an accord and satisfaction.

Rosa introduces Sal to her friend Trey as "my associate." Sal purports to act as Rosa's agent in a business transaction with Trey. If Rosa is liable for Sal's actions, it will be because their relationship is

an agency by estoppel.

Nora works at Oil & Gas Inc. She is a sales representative who works with Oil & Gas customers. The company closely supervises its sales reps and dictates their schedules. With respect to third parties, Nora is

an employee and agent.

Marketing, Inc., offers to create a campaign to increase N'Ice Cream, Inc.'s online business. N'Ice agrees to pay for the service. These parties have

an express contract.

The U.S. Department of Justice needs to have construction work done on a federal courthouse. The agency asks contractors to submit bids. This is

an invitation to submit offers, not an offer itself.

Steel Mill, Inc., makes an offer to Tom to enter into a contract to work as a mechanical engineer for a certain salary for one-year subject to a five-year renewal based on his performance. Tom accepts the offer. This is a valid contract because it includes

an offer and an acceptance.

Before either party to a contract has a duty to perform, one of the parties may refuse to perform that party's contractual obligations. This is referred to as

anticipatory repudiation.

Based on Nan's conduct, Odel reasonably believes that Poppy has the authority to act on Nan's behalf even though Poppy does not have the actual authority to do so. In this circumstance, Poppy has

apparent authority.

Daisy enters into a contract with Evan for the construction of a Fast-Food Café, according to a certain schedule. The parties perform some preparatory steps, but Evan materially and willfully fails to begin work on the specified date. To rescind the contract, Daisy must show that the parties can

be restored to the status quo.

Sports Bar and Tasty Bakery are adjacent businesses with adjoining parking lots. Sports Bar offers Tasty a discount on purchases if the bakery will not tow the cars of Sports Bar's patrons who park in the bakery's lot. The discount is legally sufficient consideration

because it is a promise of something of value.

Beryl enters into a contract with Clay for a guided tour of Deep Canyon. Clay represents that he is an experienced, knowledgeable guide, when in reality he has never been in the canyon. Most likely, Beryl

can rescind the deal based on fraudulent misrepresentation.

Quint, an employee of Reservations Inc. pays Sienna, an employee of Reservations' competitor Travel Inc., for a list of Travel's clients. This is most likely

commercial bribery.

Larry advertises a reward for the return of his lost dog. Miguel does not learn of the reward but finds and returns the dog. With respect to Miguel, Larry's ad is not an offer because it lacks the element of

communication.

East Bay Café orders seafood from Fresh Catch Company. Fresh places the goods at East's disposal. Fresh's performance under the contract is

complete.

Jay transfers downloaded musical recordings, without the copyright owners' authorization, from his phone to his friends' phones. Jay does not charge his friends for his "service," nor did he pay for downloading the music. This is an example of:

copyright infringement.

Skye posts excerpts from comics and graphic novels on social networking sites without the permission of the owners of the copyrights. She says her reason is to promote the artists' work. This is an example of:

copyright infringement.

Kohl receives from Lily a camera stolen from Mark. Kohl knows that the camera is stolen, and he intends to keep it. Kohl is

criminally liable.

Web Invest Inc. buys and sells domain names with the click of a mouse. The high rate at which domain names change hands, and the difficulty in keeping track of mass automated registrations, have created a situation where:

cybersquatting can easily flourish.

Metro Holdings, Inc., contracts to sell a commercial parking garage to New Property LLC. The contract provides that if Metro does not close the deal by a certain date, it must pay the buyer one-half of the value of the property. This provision is not enforceable if it is

designed to penalize Metro.

Don enters into a contract to buy Ezra's office building for a certain price subject to an appraiser's evaluation of the structure's condition. If the appraiser deems the condition to be substandard, the parties' obligations will be

discharged.

Debt Collection Service enters into a contract to employ Emma as a billing manager for two years. During the first year, Emma is often absent without explanation, and when present fails to adequately do her job. This

discharges the employer from the contract.

Ochre holds one ton of perishable fruit in storage for Produce Corporation. If Produce does not pay for the storage, under the doctrine of mitigation of damages, Ochre is held to a duty to

do whatever is reasonable to minimize the damages.

Bill and Charlene enter into a contract for the clearing, plowing, and preparing of Charlene's 100-acre tract for which she agrees to pay $1,000. Bill transfers his duty under this contract to Dewey. With respect to the duties under the original contract, this transfer

does not relieve Bill of the potential obligation to perform.

Anton tells Brooke, who has no knowledge of Shakespearean comedy, that he will tutor her in the subject for $50. As an offer, this is

effective.

Olinda, an employee of People's Bank, deposits into her account checks entrusted to the bank through its ATM system by customers to deposit into their accounts. This is

embezzlement.

For ________ to succeed as a defense, both the suggestion and the inducement must take place

entrapment

Ben manages a warehouse and its inventory for Coffee Roaster Inc. To operate this part of the business, Ben's authority can be inferred

from the position Ben occupies.

Payback Inc. discovers that defamatory statements about its policies are being posted in an online forum. Q Web Inc., the Internet service provider whose users are posting the messages, refuses to reveal the users' identities. Payback Inc. should first:

gain unauthorized access to Q Web's servers.

Barry purchases some goods online from Acme Corp. He had clicked the accept terms box on the website when purchasing, which included a dispute resolution agreement that all disputes be sent to arbitration. He is unhappy with the product and injured by it. He brings a lawsuit in court against Acme Corp, and Acme files to dismiss based on the arbitration agreement. Barry will:

have to pursue arbitration for his dispute.

Pia registers a domain name—quallitytires.com—that is confusingly similar to the domain name qualitytires.com used by Quality Tires Inc. Quality Tires Inc. also owns the trademark of quality tires. Pia has a "bad faith intent" to profit from the domain name by selling it to Quality Tires. This would be:

illegal by cybersquatting.

Bob contracts with Jane to buy her car for $2500. Jane's neighborhood has a massive fire, and her car has extensive smoke damage. The contract with Bob will be dismissed because of

impossibility

Ira serves in a representative capacity for Jett. Key is injured through Ira's negligence. Jett may be liable to Key if Ira's conduct occurred

in the course and scope of Ira's employment.

Alice and Bart enter into a contract for the sale of Canyon Ranch. To be enforceable, this contract must be

in writing or evidenced by a written memorandum.

Jon contracts with Kino to buy a certain number of sheep for Kino's Animal Farm. Jon makes a deal with Lila for the sheep, but neither Jon nor Kino pays the price. Lila sues Jon for breach. Jon's right to hold Kino liable for any damages is the right to

indemnification.

County Title Company processes information furnished by others to transfer title to real estate from a seller to a buyer. In performing this task for a sale of land from Dale to Ezra, the furnished information is mistaken. The contract between Dale and Ezra that includes the mistake may be rescinded because the mistake

is about a material fact.

Volatile Investments Inc. sends e-mail ads to all e-mail address they can find on the Web, or otherwise generate with software. Under the CAN-SPAM Act, Volatile's marketing method:

is prohibited

Kim promises to pay Leo $500 to install a sump pump in Kim's warehouse. Leo completes the installation. The act of installing the pump

is the consideration that creates Kim's obligation to pay Leo.

These basic types of situations may qualify as grounds for the discharge of contractual obligations based on impossibility of performance, Which is Not one of them.

it is a little more expensive to fulfill the contract.

Ed works for Family Dwellings Inc., an investment firm that buys, renovates, and rents foreclosed houses. Ed steals his employer's digital files to start his own competing business, Good Homes LLC. This is

larceny.

Once the electronic record _____________________________ or comes under the control of the recipient, the UETA deems it to have been sent.

leaves control of the sender

Emmett, an agent for Fridley, signs an agreement with Glover on Fridley's behalf but neglects to tell him that the agreement requires the payment of a certain tax. The government prosecutes Fridley for failing to pay the tax. He is

liable, because notice to Emmett is notice to Fridley.

Raul uses social media to post links that, when clicked, secretly install software on others' computers without the owners' knowledge. Raul's software is designed to harm or disrupt the computers. This program is

malware.

Mobile Device Company (MDC) discovers that defamatory statements about its products are being posted in an online forum. NuView Inc., the Internet service provider, whose users are posting the messages, can disclose the poster's identity:

only when ordered to do so by a court.

Lucy is married to Marco. Lucy buys food for their children's lunches and charges the cost to Marco's account. This is an agency by

operation of law.

At Mattress Store, Nate signs a contract to buy bedroom furniture. The contract sets a schedule of $500 monthly payments, subject to a late fee of 15 percent. Nate finds the language of the contract difficult to understand. This is most likely

procedural unconscionability.

Sales Corps Inc. provides tablets for its employees to use "in the ordinary course of its business." Sales Corps Inc. intercepts the employees' personal communications made on these devices. Under the Electronic Communications Privacy Act, this is

prohibited for the employer.

Rosa, who operates a Street Tacos restaurant in her apartment, is charged with criminal violations of the local health and building codes, state license regulations, and federal environmental statutes. To obtain a conviction, the prosecution must

prove beyond a reasonable doubt that Rosa committed every essential element of an offense.

Repair Service enters into a contract to fix washing machines in Soapy Suds Company's coin-operated laundries. Repair breaches the contract. Soapy is awarded compensatory damages. The purpose is to

provide Soapy with funds for its loss of the bargain.

Armand orally agrees to pay Borges to seed and harvest a quarter of Armand's farm acreage for four planting seasons. After Borges prepares the land and plants the first crop, Armand says that the deal is off. Borges can most likely recover on a theory of

quasi contract.

Domestic Gas Company offers to sell Energy Ltd. a certain quantity of liquefied natural gas. If Energy sends an acceptance via Domestic's authorized mode of communication, it will be effective when it is

received.

In selling a warehouse, Riley, a real estate broker, tells Sam that the property has a certain capacity, making it suitable for a nightclub. Riley knows nothing about the capacity of the building, but it is not as he specifies. Sam buys the building. Sam's best course of action is most likely to

recover damages or rescind the contract to buy the building.

Cathy agrees to sell her Daily Donut shop to Ernie. In the agreement, there is a covenant not to compete that prohibits Cathy from operating a donut shop within a certain distance. If the restriction is unreasonable, a court will most likely

reform the covenant.

Under _________, a court may impose criminal liability on corporate officers regardless of whether they participated in, directed, or even knew about a given criminal violation.

responsible corporate officer doctrine

The offeror's act of withdrawing an offer is referred to as:

revocation.

Bert pushes Connie to the ground, grabbing her phone as she falls. The use of force or fear is required for this act to constitute

robbery.

Niles enters Omelet Café and points a gun at the cashier Pico. Niles forces Pico to open the register and give him all the money. Niles will most likely be charged with

robbery.

According to a ______, the party who opens the box automatically accepts the terms by keeping the goods.

shrink-wrap agreement

At an auction, Ben bids on a 1957 Chevy coupe, believing that it is worth more than the price asked. When the car proves to need more repairs than Ben estimated, and thus is worth less as is, Ben is

still liable on the bid.

Fara hires Gil, a real estate broker, to act as her agent to sell her land for $150,000. Before the land is sold at the stated price, oil is discovered beneath it, causing its market value to increase considerably. The agreement between Fara and Gil is likely

terminated by operation of law.

Gary owns two all-terrain vehicles (ATVs), worth $1,000 and $500, respectively. Helen enters into a contract to buy "Gary's ATV" for $750. Gary believes, in good faith, that he is selling the $500 ATV. Helen believes, in good faith, that she is buying the $1,000 ATV. In this situation

the contract is not enforceable

Bread Company hires Craig to sell the company's products in a certain area. Bread agrees to pay Craig a salary, plus commission, for a trial period. They also agree that he can sell using any methods and during any hours that seem appropriate. The key factor in whether Craig is Bread's employee is

the degree of the employer's control over the details of the work.

Bern, a salesperson at a Carpet & Tile store, tells Dan, a customer, "Buy your flooring here, and I'll install it for less than the store would charge." Dan buys carpeting, which Bern installs for half the store's price. Bern keeps the money. With respect to the store, Bern has breached

the duty of loyalty.

Energy Company employs Fred to negotiate the purchase of mineral rights for future mining projects. Fred secretly buys some of the property and sells it to Energy at a profit. Fred has breached

the duty of loyalty.

Physicians Clinic orders by phone seven cases of single-use latex gloves from Quality Medical Supplies, Inc. After three cases are delivered and accepted, Physicians Clinic repudiates the contract. Quality Medical can enforce the contract to

the extent of the three accepted cases.

Omar asserts that a deal he entered into with Pat to sponsor and host a motivational conference for independent sales representatives was formed as the result of a mistake. Omar's best defense to the enforcement of this contract is

the lack of a party's voluntary consent.

Restore, Inc., contracts to resurface the pools at Swim Park by June 1. Restore knows that if performance is not timely, Swim Park will have to delay its seasonal opening. Restore finishes the job June 15. In a suit for breach, Swim Park can recover

the loss of profit from the delayed opening.

For quasi-contract to apply, the following must NOT apply

the parties are not happy with the outcome of the agreement.

The basic requirements for performance to qualify as substantial performance are, which is not one of them

the performance be at least 50% completed.

Big Dig LLC makes an offer to perform an excavation and related tasks for Commercial Development Corporation, but due to a substantial mathematical mistake, significantly underprices the work. Commercial accepts the offer. Data Big's best defense against enforcement of the contract is that Commercial knew

the price was below the prices of comparable services.

Zoey is accused of auto theft. She refuses to give information related to her alleged criminal activities because she suspects it will be used to prosecute her. This is

the privilege against self-incrimination

Ben makes an appointment for a $50 haircut, buys a bike for $250, and agrees to work for Coding Associates for one year for $5,000 per month, starting at the beginning of next month. To be enforceable, a writing is required for

the purchase.

Franny is charged with a crime. Almost all federal courts and some state courts would not hold Franny liable if, at the time of the offense, as a result of a mental disease or defect, she lacked substantial capacity to obey the law and to appreciate

the wrongfulness of her conduct.

Flash Inc., a maker of athletic shoes, registers and uses "flash" as its domain name. Later, Got Shoes Company begins to use "flashh" (an intentional misspelling of "flash") as its domain name. Got Shoes is most likely:

typosquatting against Flash Inc.

Nina is induced by her guardian Ollie to sign a contract to invest funds in Penny Stocks, Inc., through Ollie's investment firm. Unknown to Nina, Ollie realizes a commission from the investment. Most likely, Nina may rescind the contract on the basis of

undue influence.

Under a contract with River Valley Farm, Sancho begins grading a terraced hillside for planting. Halfway through the project, Sancho asks for $5,000 over the contract price, claiming an increase in the "cost of doing business." The farm agrees, but later refuses to pay. The agreement to pay more is

unenforceable, because Sancho's performance was a preexisting duty.

Lev, an agent for Mill Grains LLC, executes an unauthorized contract with National Grocers Inc. The deal is highly advantageous to Mill Grains, and the company ratifies the contract. The contract is

valid.

Oceans, Inc., a seafood distributor, agrees to buy from Paul, a commercial fisherman, any "overstock" of fish that Paul catches in excess of his legal limit. This agreement is most likely

void.

Sal is mentally incompetent but has not been adjudged by a court to be incompetent. Sal enters into a contract with Tony for the cleaning and maintenance of Uptown Office building. Most likely, the contract is

voidable if Sal did not comprehend the consequences.

Shuster's lease of retail premises from Thurgood requires Shuster to pay certain fees, subject to the landlord's proof of the correct amount. Thurgood overcharges Shuster for the fees, without explanation. Most likely, the tenant can rescind the lease

with prompt notice.

Odell is an employee of Packing Corporation. She uses social media in a way that violates her employer's stated social media policies. Packing Corporation disciplines Odell, and then fires her after a second transgression. This is:

within the employer's rights.