B&A 2

Schools must meet 5 major requirements to participate in NSLP:

1. Nutritional Standards 2. Eligible children receive free/reduced cost lunch 3. Food program is nonprofit 4. Program is accountable 5. Must participate in commodity food program

SBP must meet ___ of DRI for ___.

1/4th ; protein, Ca, Fe, Vit A, Vit C, calories

Human Relations Theories

1931-1940: understanding employees & their needs -Hawthorne Studies: evaluate physical working conditions/productivity -Elton Mayo: variables (lighting, wage payments, rest periods, length of recognition, participation in decision making) -Mary Parker Follett: organizations must build/maintain dynamic yet harmonious human relations

Management Process Period

1950-1960: Identify/define process to obtain desired objectives; including refining functions -Ralph Davis- Functions of Management: 1)Planning 2) Organizing 3) Controlling

Systems Approach

1960-1970: framework for internal and external environmental factors as an integrated whole -keeping the organization's objectives in mind throughout the performance of all activities

Frederick Taylor

"soldiering"; employees restrict outputs intentionally; used piece rate compensation; -data arrived "best way" (max output w/ minimum effort) -employees receive explanations for changes/have opportunity to improve wages; incentives for individual performance -MGMT/workers are dependent on each other -organization framework-concepts of line and staff Example of scientific MGMT

Period of Solidification

1920-1930: mgmt became a discipline and taught in universities

Management Theory Jungle

1960s: multiple approaches to study management processess. Ex: mathematical and modeling approaches, behavioral sciences, economic theory -Harold Koontz- coined the term -unified theory has yet to be realized

Search for Excellence

1980s: attempt to learn mgmt lessons from a group of US companies that experienced success -Thomas Peters & Robert Waterman: identified 36 successful companies w/in 20 yr hx -identified 8 successful characteristics -example of subject review, NOT a scientific study

Theory Z

1980s: attempts to integrate American and Japanese mgmt practices -William Ouchi- coined this term; American emphasis- individual responsibility -Japanese emphasis- collective decision making, slow evaluation, promotion, holistic concern for employees

Identify the more accurate calcium lab to monitor serum calcium status is patients with hypoalbuminemia.

Ionized calcium

What does diversity in the work place include?

It refers to ethnic, racial, gender, age, physical abilities, sexual orientation, as well as differences in attitudes and perspectives

School lunch meat requirements

K-5 = 1 oz min / 8-10 oz weekly 6-8 = 1 oz min / 9-10 oz weekly 9-12 = 2 oz min / 10-12 weekly

School lunch grain requirements

K-5 = 1 oz min / 8-9 servings weekly 6-8 = 1 oz min / 8-10 oz weekly 9-12 = 2 oz min / 10-12 oz weekly

Sodium limits for school lunch

K-5 = 1230 mg 6-8 = 1360 mg 9-12 = 1420 mg

School lunch calorie requirements

K-5 = 550-650 6-8 = 600-700 9-12 = 750=850

School lunch fruit requirements

K-8 = 1/2 c daily 9-12 = 1 c daily

School lunch vegetable requirements

K-8 = 3/4 c daily 9-12 = 1 c daily

What is the preferred method to cook a roast to ensure the greatest yield?

Slow roasting. Cooking for a longer period of time at a low oven temperature will increase yield 10-15 compared to a high oven temperature for a shorter time.

Purveyors can bid competitively if these are written accurately

Specifications allow purveyors to bid equally

To reduce plate waste, what is the earliest point of intervention?

Specifications are the earliest place to impact plate waste

To prepare applesauce that is chunky, how would the sugar be added?

Sugar would be added before cooking

The PedNSS collects data to facilitate programs for low-income children. Which statement is not one of findings? a. African-American children have the highest rate of low birth weight and anemia b. Caucasian children have smaller head circumference c. Hispanic and Native Americans have the highest rates of obesity d. Asian children are shortest in stature

b. Caucasian children have smaller head circumference

After a bill has been introduced in Congress, the bill is published in the: a. Federal Register b. Congressional Record c. White House Journal d. House Agenda

b. Congressional Record

Guidelines or regulations that detail how a law will be implemented, and any penalties that may be imposed if the law is violated are published in: a. Congressional Journal b. Federal Register c. Congressional Report d. Code of Federal Regulation

b. Federal Register

An individual's current health profile is substantially determined by? a. age b. behavior risk factors c. diet history d. heredity

b. behavior risk factors

Which program allows nutrition professionals the opportunity to ensure continuity of nutrition services for young children and sustain the success achieved in the WIC program? a. SNAP b. School Breakfast c. EFNEP d. CACFP (Child and Adult Care Food Program)

c. CACFP (child and adult care food program) WIC creates a framework for meeting the health and nutrition needs of pregnant and postpartum women, infants, and children. The CACFP allows nutrition professionals an opportunity to ensure continuity of nutrition services.

A mother with two children, ages 6 and 8, is employed at minimum wage, and needs help in feeding her children. What programs would you recommend to her for help? a. WIC and EPSDT b. Head Start and Food Stamps c. School lunch and food bank d. Commodity Foods and WIC

c. School lunch and food bank WIC and Head Start do not take kids over 5.

Four times a year, FDA surveyors buy almost 300 food products from US grocery stores in several cities. They prepare the food, analyze for essential nutrients, pesticides, industrial chemicals, heavy metals, and radioactive materials. This is known as: a. What We Eat in America b. Market research c. Total Diet Study d. Residue Tolerance Levels

c. Total Diet Study The Total Diet Study conducts evaluations of more than 6,000 food samples each year. Also included are food samples from 100 different countries.

You have been asked to give diet counseling to a woman 68 years old who has a significant weight loss in the past 3 months. During the interview you are told that she lost her husband 4 months ago and does not feel like cooking for herself. Food intake is a bowl of cereal or a cold cut sandwich while she watches TV. Your recommendation may include: a. referral to SNAP b. referral to CSFP c. referral to ENP d. cooking classes

c. referral to ENP SNAP and CSFP provide food to low-income. There is nothing in the question that indicates the client is low-income and needs this assistance. ENP is Elderly Nutrition Program that provides meals, social interaction, and transportation to seniors 60 or older. The need for a cooking class is not indicated either, she did not have weight loss until her husband died, so she was eating/cooking prior to this event.

Supervisory managers must have good technical skills while top management must have good:

conceptual skills- Skills of managers are in three categories: conceptual, human relations, and technical. Human relation skills are of equal importance to all levels of management. Conceptual skills are most important to top management.

Efforts to resolve the problem of hunger in the United States do not depend solely on federal assistance programs. Food recovery programs have made a dramatic difference. The largest food recovery program is: a. Fielding Gleaning b. collecting and distributing perishable produce from wholesalers c. collecting and redistributing prepared foods from commercial kitchens d. Feeding America

d. Feeding America Feeding America coordinates the efforts of 200 food banks across the country to feed an estimated 25 million people. The other choices are also being done, however Feeding America is the largest.

Minorities continue to have the highest rates of infant mortality and low birth weight. The program that identifies and develops community-based approaches to address this issue is: a. the WIC Program b. EPSDT c. Community Health Center d. Healthy Start Program

d. Healthy Start Programs The Healthy Start Program's goal is to identify and develop community-based approaches to reduce infant mortality and improve the health of low-income women, infants, children, and their families.

Long Term Services and Supports (LSS) is indicative of the transformations taking place in more positive approaches to aging and is under the umbrella of ____________. a. OAA (Older American Act) b. Affordable Care Act c. Long Term Care Services d. US Administration on Community Living

d. US Administration on Community Living

Henri Fayol

defined 14 mgmt principles: 1) Division of work 2) Authority 3) Discipline 4) Unity of Command 5) Unity of Direction 6) Subordination of Individual Interests 7) Remuneration 8) Centralization 9) Scalar Chain 10) Order 11) Equity 12) Stability of Tenured Personnel 13) Initiative 14) Harmony and Unity example of scientific management

An elevated albumin may indicate what condition?

dehydration

A job desciption are use for

employee appraisals

Henry Towne

engineers to concentrate on profit/finances/technology Example of scientific MGMT

Which of the following methods of heat transfer involves the use of electrical magnetic fields?

induction

Thoery Z is based on

involved employees are the key to increased productivity/ workers accept responsibility when they understand the big picture

In food service operations, what cost category is increasing at the fastest rate?

labor costs

A manager has no confidence in his leadership abilities. He does not set goals for the group. Productivity and morale are low and work is sloppy. The manager's leadership style is:

laisse-faire- he group has no motivation for leadership within itself, so the work unit crumbles when the manager fails to act in the leadership role.

A simple inventory costing practice that is also fast is the

last purchase price

A decrease in albumin may indicate what condition?

malnutrition

The high school has a very small kitchen. Which menu would be the most taxing for equipment?

meatloaf, baked potato, mixed vegetables- The menu should be planned to balance the use and capacity of the available equipment. Meatloaf and baked potatoes both require an oven to produce, which may too much for institutions with limited oven space.

The dietitian is working on a design for a new kitchen. She has addressed workflow, and accessibility of equipment. What is her next area of concern?

minimize risk of cross contamination- A well-designed kitchen addresses workflow, contamination, and equipment accessibility

Vacation hours paid to employees are classified as productive time or nonproductive time for budgeting purposes?

nonproductive time

Profitability is determined by the ratio of profit to...

sales

Serum albumin is an indicator of which nutritional indices?

visceral protein status

When would public hearings be conducted regarding a bill?

when in committee

If grain requirement is met for SBP...

...a meat may be offered K-5 = 1 oz min / 7-10 oz weekly 6-8 = 1 oz min /8-10 oz weekly 9-12 = 1 oz min / 9-10 oz weekly

What is the formula for adjusting calcium when serum albumin is decreased?

4 - serum albumin X 0.8 + total calcium

TDZ?

40-135

What is the half-life of transferrin?

8-10.5 days

A patient is admitted with a low serum albumin and an elevated serum calcium; what would be the appropriate medical therapy recommendations?

A diet with adequate calcium and increased protein

OVS - Offer Vs. Serve

Allows students to decline a certain number of food components.

List the 4 types of distribution methods used by suppliers.

Broad line (sells many different products) Primary vendor (agree to purchase a set amount at a set price for a specified time) Systems (delivery specialist for large chains) Self-distributor (franchiser)

The orange color of carrots is stable during cooking because:

Carotenoids are heat stable and fat soluble

A patient presents with depleted serum albumin and protein malnutrition; identify one ab parameter that could be measured to evaluate the patient?

Creatinine Height Index (CHI), an indicator of somatic protein status

Give an example of current trends that help to increase food sales.

Current trends include "grab and go" and specialty foods (ethnic)

Who should receive nutrition assessment first: a teenage boy with elective surgery or an individual with stage 3 HTN?

Individual with stage 3 HTN. Evaluate patients with acute disease states first (HTN, decubitis, diabetes, cardiac)

Contingency Approach 1970s

Different solutions and conditions require different mgmt approaches

Menus should be evaluated on what criteria?

Evaluate a menu by looking at nutritional adequacy, flavor, texture, color, shape, and method of preparation

The agency responsible for carrying out Title III of the Bioterrorism Act is:

FDA

The aging process and chronic disease can interfere with the ability to complete ADL\'s or activities of daily living. Which of the following is considered an ADL?

Feeding

An elderly patient presents with: serum albumin 2.5, serum calcium 11.5, and a weight change of 50.5 to 53.5 kg by day 3. What could be the cause of this present condition?

Fluid retention (lab values are distractions)

Henry Gantt

Focused on production control -social responsibility in business/mgmt -"Gantt Chart" graphic illustrates expected and completed production Example of scientific management

Identify the hormone that causes an increase in glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis:

Glucagon

After deamination, the amino acids that can be used for the formation of glucose are classified as:

Glucogenic

What is the goal of purchasing?

Goal of purchasing is to have the right amount of food of the appropriate quality for the best price with as little inventory as possible

The FDA is in which governmental department?

HHS

An iron-storage disease, caused by a genetic defect, where by high amounts of iron are absorbed and stored in tissues that do not normally store iron is:

Hemosiderosis

Researchers investigating ways to increase productivity made many changes to the environments of the workplace; these changes made no significant change in productivity. They found employees reacted to the psychological and social conditions at work. These studies were conducted by:

Mayo- Rationale: These studies, led by Mayo, became known as the Hawthorne effect

SBP guidelines

Milk Fruit or vegetable - 1 c Grain

Which of the following forecasting models is the easiest to use?

Moving average- The moving average model is referred to as a time series method of forecasting and is easy to use. Using records from the past, a group of data is averaged and used as the first forecast. The next forecast is calculated by dropping the first number and adding the next. Exponential smoothing is similar, except it accounts for seasonality of data and adjusts for forecasting error.

Identify three characteristics of nutrition screening in the acute care setting.

Nutritional screening should be basic, easy to administer, and measurable

Carefully controlled mechanical tests on food products give what kind of results?

Objective

When reviewing the serum calcium level, what other lab value must be evaluated in light of a depleted serum calcium?

Serum albumin since serum calcium is protein-bound

More than 2000 additives are used today, as important ingredients of processed and convenience foods. Which of the following additives are meat tenderizers?

Papin and bromelin

Food service employees use ladles and scoops for...

Portion Control. Portion control ensures that you will have the number of portions specified by the recipe, in addition to providing consistent portion sizes for customer satisfaction.

Mono and disaccharides

Provide low smooth mouthfeel for candies

In planning the amount of roast beef needed for serving 450, 6-ounce portions, the food production manager knows that the losses for trimming and roasting roast are pproximately 37%. How much as AP (as purchased) roast beef will the production manager need to purchase to provide the needed portions?

Rational: 450 servings x 6 ounces = 2700 ounces/16 + 168.75 or 168.75 or 169 lbs. EP 100% - 37% = 63% yield of roast beef 169 / .63 = 267 lbs.

The purchasing method that buys from the supplier with the lowest price is known as...

The line-item method splits orders among purveyors that offer the best price per item.

What is a Loss Leader?

The organization is actually losing money on a particular product to dispose of excess inventory, improve cash flow, and pass on subsidizes

Many elderly people report decreased intake of fruits and vegetables. The vitamin that would least likely be deficient in as a result of this practice would be:

Vitamin A

Cholesterol is a precursor to which one of the following vitamins?

Vitamin D

Two large multi-component school-based programs that have been shown to be cost effective in addressing obesity are: a. CATCH and Planet Health b. NSLP and Summer Food Service for Children c. Dietary Guidelines for Americans and What We Eat in America d. BRFSS and YRBS

a. CATCH and Planet Health CATCH, which is Coordinated Approach to Child Health, and Planet Health are multifaceted programs which have shown positive outcomes.

What menu would you recommend for an elderly Orthodox Jew?

a. Fettuccine alfredo, salad, broccoli, garlic bread, ice cream, and coffee b. roast beef au jus, green beans, roll, mashed potatoes, and coffee. c. beef stroganoff w/ noodles, peas, scalloped potatoes cherry pie, and tea. d. shrimp scampi, salad, baked potato, lemon cake, and tea. Answer: A No meat and dairy served in the same meal No shellfish

My Plate My Wins puts an emphasis on a healthy eating style: a. Start with small changes you can enjoy b. Add extras c. Eat only whole grains d. Eat mostly plant foods

a. Start with small changes you can enjoy

Worldwide, the three micronutrients deficiencies that are of particular concern are: a. vitamin A, iron, and iodine b. zinc, iron, and vitamin A c. vitamin C, iodine, magnesium d. sodium, vitamin B12, iron

a. vitamin A, iron, and iodine

School lunch milk requirements

all grades = 1 c daily Unflavored = low- or fat-free Flavored = fat-free only

2015 - all grains must be "whole grain rich" meaning...

all grains must be at least 50% whole grain

Which one of the following is NOT an effective method for reducing foodservice labor cost?

flex scheduling- Foodservice with specific meal times does not lend itself to flex scheduling, while the other options are effective methods for reducing labor costs in a foodservice operation.

A graphic representation of all the elements in a process and the sequence in which they take place is:

flow chart-. A PERT chart shows the relationship between time and activity in scheduling a complicated project. Control charts are a graphic representation of performance used to help identify problems

Which hematological indices can be used to evaluate iron and protein deficiencies?

hemoglobin

If collective bargaining or negotiation (same thing) does not work what is the next step?t

hen mediation (a third party offers compromises), and then arbitration (a binding decision is made). An injunction forbids a union from picketing or striking. This is basically a court order that forces the union back to work.

Scientific Management

increase productivity and make work easier by scientifically studying work methods/establishing standards; engineers study workflow & job content

Health

state of physical, mental, and social well-being. Not merely the absence of dz.

Frank and Lilian Gilbreth

studied hand and body movements to eliminate wasted motion -studied psychology which fostered concern for worker -motion studies: fatigue, monotony, micromotion, morale Example of scientific management

Name the iron transport protein

transferrin