Baroque Period

What northern european nation became a thriving center of artistic activity during the 1600s? What was this nation's principal city?

holland (Amsterdam) United provinces the northern netherlands.

To what part of europe did the baroque style begin?

italy

Name the most popular example of the form oratorio

messiah

To what musical form did this composer turn when the english public lost interest in italian opera

oratoria

Who was the queen who commissioned this artist to celebrate her biography in pictures?

queen Marie de medici

94. ____________ is a musical idea repeated over and over in the bass while melodies above it constantly change. A. Basso ostinato B. Basso profundo C. Basso continuo D. Thoroughbass

A. Basso ostinato

80. The earliest opera that has been preserved is Jacopo Peri's A. Euridice. B. Orfeo. C. Nerone. D. Arsace.

A. Euridice.

90. In the myth of Orpheus, Orpheus goes to Hades in the hope of bringing ____________ back to life. A. Eurydice B. Phyllis C. Persephone D. Oriana

A. Eurydice

92. Which of the following statements is not true? A. Henry Purcell was virtually unknown in his own time, but today is considered England's most significant composer from the Baroque Era. B. Purcell mastered all the musical forms of late seventeenth-century England, including church music, secular choral music, music for small groups of instruments, songs, and music for the stage. C. Purcell's music is filled with lively rhythms and a fresh melodic style that captures the spirit of English folk songs. D. Dido, in Virgil's epic poem that Purcell used as the basis for his opera Dido and Aeneas, was queen of Carthage.

A. Henry Purcell was virtually unknown in his own time, but today is considered England's most significant composer from the Baroque Era.

8. All of the following were major baroque composers except A. Pierluigi da Palestrina. B. Claudio Monteverdi. C. Antonio Vivaldi. D. Arcangelo Corelli.

A. Pierluigi da Palestrina.

2. Modern historians use the term baroque to indicate A. a particular style in the arts, involving action and movement. B. a period of decline in the arts. C. a class of musical instruments that no longer function. D. a scientific movement popular in the seventeenth century.

A. a particular style in the arts, involving action and movement.

147. Handel's Messiah is an example of A. an oratorio. B. an opera. C. musical theater. D. a song.

A. an oratorio.

67. A song for solo voice with orchestral accompaniment is called a/an A. aria. B. duet. C. ensemble. D. stretto.

A. aria.

31. A popular keyboard instrument in which sound was produced by means of brass blades striking the strings was the A. clavichord. B. harpsichord. C. basso continuo. D. organ.

A. clavichord.

24. Baroque melodies often are A. elaborate and ornamental. B. easy to sing and remember. C. impossible to play. D. short and simple.

A. elaborate and ornamental.

46. The concerto grosso most often has three movements whose tempo markings are A. fast, slow, fast. B. fast, fast, slow. C. slow, fast, slow. D. slow, slow, fast.

A. fast, slow, fast.

Whose frescoes of mythological characters decorated the gallery of the Farnse palace in rome?

Annibale Carracci

Name the italian composer whose violin sonatas exploited the full range of qualities available to the great instruments made by the Amati, Guanieri, and Stradivari families.

Arcangela Corelli

Name the part of an opera in which a character expresses a particularly strong emotion through music.

Aria

15. The middle baroque period spanned the years A. 1567-1643. B. 1640-1690. C. 1600-1640. D. 1690-1750.

B. 1640-1690.

91. Which of the following statements is not true? A. Monteverdi's Orfeo, composed in 1607, is considered to be the earliest operatic masterpiece. B. All twelve of Monteverdi's operas are regularly performed in Europe and America. C. Monteverdi creates variety in Orfeo by using many kinds of music, combining recitatives, arias, duets, choruses, and instrumental interludes into one dramatic whole. D. Monteverdi's works form a musical bridge between the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries and greatly influenced composers of the time.

B. All twelve of Monteverdi's operas are regularly performed in Europe and America.

36. Which of the following statements is not true? A. A large court during the baroque might employ more than eighty performers, including the finest opera singers of the day. B. Audiences in the baroque period were most anxious to hear old familiar favorites, and did not care for new music. C. In Italy, music schools were often connected with orphanages. D. Church musicians in the baroque period earned lower pay and had less status than court musicians.

B. Audiences in the baroque period were most anxious to hear old familiar favorites, and did not care for new music.

3. All of the following were baroque painters except A. Gian Lorenzo Bernini. B. Isaac Newton. C. Peter Paul Rubens. D. Rembrandt van Rijn.

B. Isaac Newton.

7. The two giants of baroque composition were George Frideric Handel and A. Johann Christian Bach. B. Johann Sebastian Bach. C. Giovanni Gabrieli. D. Galileo Galilei.

B. Johann Sebastian Bach.

151. Which of the following statements is not true? A. The focus of the Handelian oratorio is usually the chorus. B. Most of Handel's oratorios are without plot or characters since they were primarily intended for church use. C. Messiah, set to a text compiled by Charles Jennings from the Old and New Testaments, is meditative rather than dramatic like Handel's other oratorios. D. Handel's oratorios are usually based on the Old Testament.

B. Most of Handel's oratorios are without plot or characters since they were primarily intended for church use.

137. Which of the following statements is not true? A. Oratorios first appeared in England. B. Oratorio differs from opera in that it has no acting, scenery, or costumes. C. An oratorio is a large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative text. D. The first oratorios were based on stories from the Bible.

B. Oratorio differs from opera in that it has no acting, scenery, or costumes.

9. Which of the following statements is not true? A. Baroque art is a complex mixture of rationalism, sensuality, materialism, and spirituality. B. The late baroque period was one of the most revolutionary periods in music history. C. Early baroque composers favored homophonic texture over the polyphonic texture typical of Renaissance music. D. Regardless of form, baroque music often features contrasts between elements of sound.

B. The late baroque period was one of the most revolutionary periods in music history.

Name the composer who was master of the organ and whose music epitomized this particular manifestation of the baroque.

J.S. Bach

13. The early and late baroque periods differed in that composers in the late baroque A. favored polyphonic texture. B. favored homophonic texture. C. used extremely complex harmonies. D. favored purely instrumental music.

A. favored polyphonic texture.

33. A bass part together with numbers that specify the chords to be played above it is called A. figured bass. B. sequenced bass. C. basso profundo. D. counterpoint.

A. figured bass.

75. Members of the Camerata wanted to create a new vocal style based on the A. music of the ancient Greek tragedies. B. glories of their aristocratic patrons. C. organum of the Middle Ages. D. polyphonic madrigal.

A. music of the ancient Greek tragedies.

21. A baroque musical composition usually expresses ____________ within the same movement. A. one basic mood B. a wide variety of moods C. constantly changing moods D. All answers are correct.

A. one basic mood

117. Bach created masterpieces in every baroque form except A. opera. B. concerto. C. fugue. D. sonata.

A. opera.

116. Bach was recognized as the most eminent ____________ of his day. A. organist B. composer C. violinist D. cellist

A. organist

85. Embellishments are A. ornamental tones not printed in the music that seventeenth- and eighteenth-century performers were expected to add to the melody. B. music created at the same time it is performed. C. notes printed in the music that ornament the melody. D. obsolete in contemporary performances.

A. ornamental tones not printed in the music that seventeenth- and eighteenth-century performers were expected to add to the melody.

42. In Italy, music schools were often connected with A. orphanages. B. courts of the nobility. C. public schools. D. universities.

A. orphanages.

74. An ____________ is an orchestral composition performed before the curtain rises on a dramatic work. A. overture B. aria C. opera D. opening

A. overture

100. A sonata to be played at court, and therefore dancelike in character, was called a A. sonata da camera. B. trio sonata. C. sonata da chiesa. D. tarantella.

A. sonata da camera.

87. To evoke angry or warlike feelings in some of his texts, Monteverdi introduced new orchestral effects, including pizzicato and A. tremolo. B. double stops. C. sul ponticello. D. col legno.

A. tremolo.

51. A musical ornament consisting of the rapid alternation of two tones that are a whole or half step apart is a A. trill. B. shake. C. blurb. D. wobble.

A. trill.

127. The French overture has A. two sections: slow-fast. B. two sections: fast-slow. C. three sections: fast-slow-fast. D. one continuous section.

A. two sections: slow-fast.

34. The orchestra evolved during the baroque period into a performing group based on instruments of the ____________ family. A. violin B. woodwind C. brass D. percussion

A. violin

93. The respect given Henry Purcell by his fellow Englishmen is evidenced by his burial in A. Potter's Field. B. Westminster Abbey. C. Buckingham Palace. D. Canterbury Cathedral.

B. Westminster Abbey.

35. The word movement in music normally refers to A. music for the ballet. B. a piece that sounds fairly complete and independent but is part of a larger composition. C. the rising and falling of the melodic contour. D. the rhythm of a piece.

B. a piece that sounds fairly complete and independent but is part of a larger composition.

124. In contrast to fugues, baroque suites tended to have ____________ because they were based on dance steps. A. choral singers B. balanced and symmetrical phrases C. melodies in minor keys D. foot stomps and hand claps

B. balanced and symmetrical phrases

69. A ____________ is a singer with a low range who usually takes comic roles. A. tenor B. basso buffo C. basso profundo D. buffoon

B. basso buffo

81. The stage machinery of baroque opera A. was very primitive. B. bordered on the colossal. C. was nonexistent. D. replaced set designs.

B. bordered on the colossal.

130. The ____________ is a Lutheran congregational hymn tune. A. cantata B. chorale C. chorale prelude D. recitative

B. chorale

132. The ____________ is a short instrumental composition based on a hymn tune to remind the congregation of the hymn's melody. A. suite B. chorale prelude C. sinfonia D. cantata

B. chorale prelude

134. A sung piece, or choral work with or without vocal soloists, usually with orchestral accompaniment, is the A. cantata. B. chorale prelude. C. concerto grosso. D. sonata.

B. chorale prelude.

41. In the baroque period, the ordinary citizen's opportunities for hearing music usually came from the A. corner tavern. B. church. C. concert hall. D. court.

B. church.

72. A(n) ____________ is an operatic number involving three or more leading singers. A. aria B. ensemble C. duet D. chorus

B. ensemble

30. The main keyboard instruments of the baroque period were the organ and the A. clavichord. B. harpsichord. C. piano. D. accordion.

B. harpsichord.

10. The early baroque was characterized by A. elaborate counterpoint. B. homophonic texture. C. development of the standardized orchestra. D. diffusion of the style into every corner of Europe.

B. homophonic texture.

142. A major difference between a cantata and an oratorio is that an oratorio A. is based on international dances. B. is not intended for religious services. C. features solo singers. D. is based on biblical stories.

B. is not intended for religious services.

65. The text, or book, of a musical dramatic work is called the A. form. B. libretto. C. story. D. score.

B. libretto.

64. An ____________ is a play, set to music, sung to orchestral accompaniment, with scenery, costumes, and action. A. overture B. opera C. aria D. ensemble

B. opera

12. Monteverdi, an early baroque composer, strove to create music that was A. difficult to perform. B. passionate and dramatic. C. extremely complex. D. placid and smooth.

B. passionate and dramatic.

63. Very often an independent fugue is introduced by a short piece called a(n) A. overture. B. prelude. C. concerto. D. pedal point.

B. prelude.

29. In the baroque era, dynamics consisted mainly of sudden alterations between loud and soft called A. cantus firmus. B. terraced dynamics. C. basso continuo. D. basso ostinato.

B. terraced dynamics.

76. The members of the Camerata wanted the vocal line of their music to follow A. standard rules of musical theory. B. the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech. C. the lines of contrapuntal writing. D. set metrical and melodic patterns.

B. the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech.

22. The baroque principle of ____________ may be temporarily suspended in vocal music when drastic changes of emotion in a text inspires corresponding changes in the music. A. basso continuo B. unity of mood C. terraced dynamics D. All answers are correct.

B. unity of mood

16. Composers in the middle baroque phase favored writing compositions for instruments of the ____________ family. A. brass B. violin C. percussion D. woodwind

B. violin

Who was th italiean sculptor who worked for fifty years on st. Peter's Basilica in Rome?

Bernini

11. The early baroque period spanned the years A. 1567-1643. B. 1640-1690. C. 1600-1640. D. 1690-1750.

C. 1600-1640.

17. By about ____________, major or minor scales were the tonal basis of most compositions. A. 1500 B. 1600 C. 1690 D. 1750

C. 1690

48. Which of the following statements is not true? A. A concerto grosso normally involves two to four soloists, and anywhere from eight to twenty or more musicians for the tutti. B. A concerto grosso presents a contrast of texture between the tutti and the soloists, who assert their individuality and appeal for attention through brilliant and fanciful melodic lines. C. A concerto grosso normally involves a large group of soloists accompanied by an equal number of supporting players. D. The first and last movements of concerti grossi are often in ritornello form, a form that features the alternation between tutti and solo sections.

C. A concerto grosso normally involves a large group of soloists accompanied by an equal number of supporting players.

68. ____________ refers to a vocal line that imitates the rhythms and pitch fluctuations of speech. A. Aria B. Profondo C. Recitative D. Ensemble

C. Recitative

86. Monteverdi spent the greater part of his career in A. Notre Dame, Paris. B. The Duomo, Florence. C. St. Mark's, Venice. D. the Vatican, Rome.

C. St. Mark's, Venice.

112. Which of the following about Vivaldi's La Primavera (Spring) from The Four Seasons is true? A. It was little known during his life. B. Louis XV, king of France, detested the piece and banned it from performance. C. The piece is an example of program music. D. Was written with a famous Venetian librettist

C. The piece is an example of program music.

40. The position of the composer during the baroque period was that of A. a free agent working on commissions. B. an equal to the nobility, based on merit. C. a high-class servant with few personal rights. D. a low-class wandering minstrel.

C. a high-class servant with few personal rights.

77. Most early baroque operas were based on Greek mythology and A. contemporary political events. B. lyric poetry. C. ancient history. D. contemporary exploration of the new world.

C. ancient history.

32. The most characteristic feature of baroque music is its use of A. gradual dynamic changes. B. monophonic texture. C. basso continuo. D. simple singable melodies.

C. basso continuo.

70. A ____________ is a singer with a very low range and powerful voice, who usually takes roles calling for great dignity. A. tenor B. basso buffo C. basso profundo D. lyric tenor

C. basso profundo

71. A(n) ____________ is a musical number for two solo voices with orchestral accompaniment. A. aria B. ensemble C. duet D. chorus

C. duet

49. The solo instruments in Bach's Brandenburg Concerto No. 5 are the ____________, violin, and harpsichord. A. trumpet B. cello C. flute D. oboe

C. flute

125. The various dances of the baroque suite are usually A. polyphonic in texture. B. in theme and variation form. C. in AABB form. D. in ABA form.

C. in AABB form.

23. The compelling drive and energy in baroque music are usually provided by A. a bawdy text. B. complex harmonic progressions. C. repeated rhythmic patterns. D. the high dynamic level.

C. repeated rhythmic patterns.

47. The first and last movements of the concerto grosso are often in ____________ form. A. theme and variations B. sonata C. ritornello D. ternary

C. ritornello

83. Speechlike melody accompanied only by a basso continuo is called A. basso ostinato. B. accompanied recitative. C. secco recitative. D. congregational singing.

C. secco recitative.

99. A sonata intended to be played in church, and therefore dignified and suitable for sacred performance, was called a A. sonata da camera. B. trio sonata. C. sonata da chiesa. D. basso ostinato.

C. sonata da chiesa.

120. Sets of dance-inspired instrumental movements are called A. sonatas. B. concertos. C. suites. D. cantatas.

C. suites.

26. Melodic sequence refers to A. a composition by Vivaldi. B. a preferred method of tuning an instrument. C. the successive repetition of a musical idea at higher or lower pitches. D. the pedagogical steps in learning to play an instrument.

C. the successive repetition of a musical idea at higher or lower pitches.

28. Terraced dynamics refers to A. a gradual change from soft to loud. B. a gradual change from loud to soft. C. the sudden alternation from one dynamic level to another. D. dynamics that are not written in the music but added by the performer

C. the sudden alternation from one dynamic level to another.

44. A concerto grosso most often has ____________ movement(s). A. one B. two C. three D. four

C. three

Name the artist who dramatic new approach to religious imagery changed the history of art?

Caravaggio

what is the name of the kind go pece, popular during the baroque period, in which a small group of solo instruments is featured against a larger group?

Concerto Grosso

What are the two types of converts?

Concerto Grosso and Solo Concerto

5. Baroque style flourished in music during the period A. 1000-1250. B. 1250-1450. C. 1450-1600. D. 1600-1750.

D. 1600-1750.

19. The late baroque period spanned the years A. 1567-1643. B. 1640-1690. C. 1600-1640. D. 1690-1750.

D. 1690-1750.

82. Castrati A. received the highest fees of any musicians. B. combined the lung power of a man with the vocal range of a woman. C. were male singers who had been castrated before puberty. D. All answers are correct

D. All answers are correct

123. Although all the movements of a baroque suite are in the same key, they differ in A. meter. B. national origin. C. tempo. D. All answers are correct.

D. All answers are correct.

131. Congregational singing of chorales was an important way for people to A. stay awake during long sermons. B. participate directly in the service. C. learn new music. D. All answers are correct.

D. All answers are correct.

39. Frederick the Great, king of Prussia, was a A. flutist. B. general. C. composer. D. All answers are correct.

D. All answers are correct.

4. Baroque painters exploited their materials to expand the potential of ____________ to create totally structured worlds. A. color B. ornament and detail C. depth D. All answers are correct.

D. All answers are correct.

27. A characteristic often found in baroque melodies is A. one long continuous phrase with long sustained notes. B. one short phrase followed by continuous repetition of the same phrase. C. a symmetrical frame with two long phrases of equal length. D. a short opening phrase followed by a longer phrase with an unbroken flow of rapid notes.

D. a short opening phrase followed by a longer phrase with an unbroken flow of rapid notes.

73. The ____________ is the person who beats time, indicates expression, cues in musicians, and controls the balance among instruments and voices. A. prima donna B. prompter C. concertmaster D. conductor

D. conductor

25. Baroque melodies give the impression of A. balance and symmetry. B. being carelessly composed. C. tonal vagueness. D. dynamic expansion.

D. dynamic expansion.

20. Affections in baroque usage refers to A. the nobility's manner of deportment. B. the doctrine of universal brotherhood. C. terraced dynamics. D. emotional states or moods of music.

D. emotional states or moods of music.

128. In Bach's day, the Lutheran church service lasted about ____________ hour(s). A. one B. two C. three D. four

D. four

52. A type of polyphonic composition based on one main theme is a A. subject. B. concerto. C. episode. D. fugue.

D. fugue.

18. Instrumental music became as important as vocal music for the first time in the ____________ period. A. Renaissance B. early baroque C. middle baroque D. late baroque

D. late baroque

1. The word baroque has at various times meant all of the following except A. elaborately ornamented. B. flamboyant. C. bizarre. D. naturalistic.

D. naturalistic

138. A large-scale composition for chorus, vocal soloists, and orchestra, usually set to a narrative biblical text, is called a(n) A. chorale. B. aria. C. recitative. D. oratorio.

D. oratorio.

140. The first oratorios were based on A. Greek mythology. B. contemporary literature. C. Greek and Roman literature. D. stories from the Bible.

D. stories from the Bible.

45. The large group of players in a concerto grosso is known as the A. concertino. B. orchestra. C. soloists. D. tutti.

D. tutti.

43. During the baroque period, _________ were not allowed to be employed as music directors. A. sons of musicians B. orphans C. commoners D. women

D. women

Name the german-born composer who mastered italian opera and spent most if his adult life as england leading composer.

George fridievie handel

What new musical form was born around 1600? Name the first great work in this new genre and its composer.

Opera by montevendi

What musical instrument symbolizes the spirit of lutheran Baroque as it prevailed in northern germany?

Organ

Name the baroque artist whose paintings of nudes convey hearty, full-blooded attitude towards life?

Peter Paul Rubens

Name the painter from this country who became especially known for his many self-portraits.

Rembrandt