Basic Engine Parts

Piston

A sliding piece moved by or moving against fluid pressure which usually consists of a short cylindrical body fitting within a cylindrical chamber or vessel along which it moves back and forth.

Engine Bearing

Bearings are used to support the moving parts. The purpose of bearings is to reduce friction. The crankshaft is supported by bearing. In engine two types of bearing are used sliding bearing and rolling bearing.

Cylinder Block

Cylinder block or Cylinder are main part of an engine. It is a part in which combustion of fuel takes place. All other parts like piston, connecting rod, crankshaft,water jacket etc. are bolted on it.

Manifold

It is bolted on the cylinder head one each for intake and exhaust. Its function is to evenly distribute air-fuel mixture for intake & collects the exhaust gases from all cylinders.

Gudgeon Pin

It is the parallel spindles fitted through the piston boss and connecting rod small end. It connects the piston to the connecting rod.

Gaskets

It is used to seal the cylinder head and cylinder so no pressure is allowed to escape. It is placed between the cylinder block and cylinder head.

Push Rod

It is used when the camshaft is situated in the bottom of the cylinder head. It regulates the timing of valves open and close through rocker arm and camshaft.

Piston Rings

It provides the good sealing fit and less friction resistance between piston and cylinder. It is split at one point so it can be easily installed into the grooves cut in the piston.

Cylinder Head

The component that seals the top of the engine block and forms the top of the compression chamber

Connecting Rod

The connecting link between the piston and the crankshaft

Camshaft

a rotating shaft within the engine that opens and closes the intake and exhaust valve in the engine

Oil Sump

bolted at the lower end of the cylinder block. All the oil for lubricating the movable parts is placed in it.

Valves

fitted on the cylinder head. It regulates the flow of air fuel mixture inside the cylinder and exhaust gas outside the cylinder block. When both inlet and exhaust valves are closed no pressure can go inside or outside of cylinder block.

Crank Shaft

located in the bottom end of cylinder block. It transmits the reciprocating motion of piston into rotary motion. This rotary motion used to rotate wheels of the vehicle.

Injector

used in Diesel engine (Compression Ignition Ingine). It is fitted on the cylinder head. It is used to inject fuel in spray form inside the cylinder at the end of compression stroke.

Spark Plug

used in Petrol engine (Spark Ignition Engine). It is fitted on the cylinder head. It is used to ignite the air fuel mixture inside the cylinder at the end of each compression stroke.