Basic Structure of the Human Body Ch.7

True

A zygote contains 23 chromosomes from an ovum and 23 chromosomes from a sperm

False

An insufficient amount of tissue fluid is called edema

Cranial Cavity

Contains the brain

Nucleus

Controls many activities of the cell

True

Directional terms are created by the body planes

False

Epithelial tissue is the supporting fabric of organs

False

Examples of adipose tissue include ligaments and tendons

Orbital Cavity

Eyes cavity

Cytoplasm

Fluid inside the cell

Mitochondria

Furnaces or powerhouses of the cell

True

Hard connective tissue includes cartilage and bone

Thoracic cavity

Heart, lungs, and large blood vessels cavity

Oral Cavity

Mouth cavity

-Digestive -Respiratory -Reproduction -Integumentary -Urinary -Lymphatic -Nervous -Musculoskeletal -Endocrine

Name 8 systems of the body

Transverse

Plane that divides body into top half and bottom half

True

Protoplasm is made of ordinary elements

epigastric

Region above the stomach

True

Stem cells have the ability to transform themselves into any of the body's specialized cells

Abdominal Cavity

Stomach, small intestines, liver, pancreas, and spleen cavity

False

The abdominal cavity is frequently divided into 6 sections

True

The ankle is distal and the knee is proximal to the hip

True

The blood in the umbilical cord and placenta contains stem cells that can be frozen in liquid nitrogen

False

The cranial cavity contains the orbital, nasal, and buccal cavities

True

The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic and abdominal cavities

True

The diaphragm is important for respiration, or breathing

False

The dorsal cavities are larger than the ventral cavities

False

The endocrine system contains the skin, sweat and oil glands, nails, and hair

False

The integumentary system produces and secretes hormones to regulate body processes

Organ

Tissues joined together for a particular function

Pelvic Cavity

Urinary bladder and reproductive organs cavity

Maintain posture and support

What is the function of muscle tissue?

Mitosis

What is the name of the process of asexual reproduction used by cells?

-congenital -inherited

A disease acquired during development of the infant in the uterus and existing at or dating from birth is a/an ___________ disease. A disease that is transmitted from parents to child genetically is a/an _______ disease.

True

A genome is the total mass of genetic instruction that humans inherit from their parents

False

Another word for the term ventral is posterior

Protoplasm

Basic substance of all life

True

Body cavities are spaces within the body that contain organs

Dorsal Cavity

Body cavities on the back of the body

thoracic cavity

Body cavity located in chest

Lateral

Body parts away from the midline

Distal

Body parts away from the point of reference

Inferior

Body parts below the transverse plane

Medial

Body parts close to the midline

Proximal

Body parts close to the point of reference

Ventral

Body parts on the front of the body

False

Caudal is a term for body parts located near the head

True

Cells carry on all of the functions of life

Tissue

Cells of the same type join together

-insulator -protector

List 2 functions of adipose tissue

-fight infection -carry oxygen & CO2 -help in reproduction -form tissue

List 4 functions of cells

Nucleolus

Located inside the nucleus and important in reproduction

False

Muscles are frequently called osseous tissues

-Alzheimer disease -Parkinson's disease

Name 2 diseases that are degenerative or caused by a deterioration of the function or structure of body tissues and organs.

-skeletal -cardiac -smooth muscles

Name the 3 main kinds of muscles

True

Nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord do not reproduce when they are damaged or destroyed

False

Nerve tissue is made of special cells called neurilemma

Cell Membrane

Outer protective covering of cell

True

Pinocytic vesicles contain digestive enzymes that digest and destroy old cells, bacteria, and foreign materials

Midsagittal

Plane that divides body into right and left sides

hypogastric or pelvic

Region below the stomach

umbilical

Region by the belly button

Left Iliac

Region on the left side by the groin

hypochondriac

Region on the right side below the ribs

right lumbar region

Region on the right side by the large bones of the spinal cord

Ventral Cavity

Separated into 2 cavities by the diaphragm

Spinal Cavity

Spinal cord cavity

Anatomy

Study of form and structure of organism

Pathophysiology

Study of how disease occurs

False

The main organs of the digestive system are the tongue, stomach, nose, and ear

False

The nucleus, nucleolus, centrosome, and mitochondria are all important in the cell's reproduction

False

The respiratory system carries oxygen and nutrients to the body cells and waste products away from body cells

True

The terms created by body planes and directions are used in the study of the anatomy of the human body

False

The urinary system carries tissue fluid and wastes to the blood and assists with fighting infection