Basketball

PE-Specific Rules

*Absolutely no pulling on the net, hanging on the rim, or dunk attempts. *Shots behind the three-point arc are worth 3 points; all other shots are worth 1. *To improve flow of the game, we don't shoot free throws after fouls. *Offense calls fouls - "self-refereed" games, just like Ultimate. If the offensive player gets fouled while shooting, it's an automatic point. If they get fouled and make the basket ("and 1") it's worth 2. *In co-ed games, shots made by females are worth 2 points, and shots made by males are worth 1. *Females can block shots that are taken by both males and females; however, males cannot block a shot taken by a female. They can only block shots taken by other males. *In order to encourage full participation and exercise, your team's made shots will only count if your entire team has crossed ½ court - i.e., none of your players can simply stay on the defensive end of the floor. *If your team has more than 5 players, new substitutions should happen after every made basket for either team. That way each player is only subbing out of the game for a brief period of time.

Shots/passes

1. Bounce Pass • Used when guarded closely to get the ball around your opponent • Bounce the ball about 3/4 of the way to your receiving player 2. Chest Pass • Ball is thrown from the chest using both hands • Used to get the ball to another player quickly when there is an open passing lane 3. Baseball/Softball Pass • Used to move the ball up court quickly, step forward with non-dominant foot. Rebounding • The act of regaining possession of the ball after a shot attempt • It is important to get position, get your hands up, and to time your jump to rebound the ball Screen • An offensive maneuver where a player positions himself/herself between the defender and a teammate in order to free the teammate for an uncontested or open shot.

History

Basketball was invented by during the school year of 1891-92 at Springfield College, Springfield, Massachusetts. Dr. James A Naismith conceived the idea of attaching peach baskets at opposite ends of the gym on the track that encircled the playing floor. This is where the height of 10 feet for the basket was arrived at. The game, basketball, derives its name from the original ball and basket used in the first games. The game was introduced in YMCA's across America and also to foreign countries. Basketball became a part of the Olympic games in 1936.

Skills

Dribbling • Keep your head up and eyes focused forward • Keep you knees bent • Free arm is out for balance and ball protection • Dribble knee to waist high Pivot • Used to change direction without using a dribble • One foot must remain planted on the floor Shooting Set Shot: • Square hips and shoulders to basket • Find balanced position • One hand shoots and one hand guides at the side of the ball • Your shooting elbow needs to stay in line with your shoulder • Follow through and finish with a "gooseneck" wrist position

Objective

The object of the game is to score more points than your opponent. The ball is passed, thrown, bounced, batted, or rolled from one player to another. A player in possession of the ball must maintain contact with the floor with one foot (pivot foot), unless the player is shooting, passing, or dribbling. Physical contact with an opponent can result in a foul if the contact impedes the desired movement of the player.

Gameplay

• The game is started with a jump ball in the center circle between two opponents. • A player is out of bounds when touching the floor on or outside the boundary line. • The ball is out of bounds when it touches a player who is out of bounds or any other person, the floor, or any object on or outside a boundary, or the supports of the backboard. • The ball is caused to go out of bounds by the last player touching it before it goes out. The ball would be awarded out of bounds for a throw-in by the opposing team. • If an offensive ball handler while in the front court is closely guarded by the defense for five seconds, a violation is called and the defense is awarded the ball. • If two opponentsare both firmly holding the ball a "jump ball" is called. A "jump ball" results in an alternating possession which is kept track of at the official table. • In physical education, intramurals, or pick up games, a "jump ball" is awarded to the defender. • After one team makes a field goal or free throw the other team puts the ball into play from out of bounds under the basket at which the goal was made. In boys' games, each team possessing the ball is required to advance it past the half-court line within 10 seconds after gaining possession. This "10 second rule" does not exist in high school girls games nor in women's college basketball; it's only a rule in the boys' games and men's games.

Penalties/Fouls

• Traveling: moving both feet while holding the ball • Double Dribble: dribbling the ball after stopping or using two hands to dribble • Kicking the ball • Three Second Rule: an offensive player may not stand in the lane (also called "the key" or "the paint" for more than three seconds. This violation is sometimes called "three in the key". • Stepping on or dribbling the ball on an end-line or side-line • Carry: While dribbling, placing your hand under the ball or allowing the ball to rest on your hand Fouls: A violation that is against another player. In typical basketball games (not PE)*, possession or two free throw shots are awarded to the team that was fouled*. • Charging: an offensive player contacts a defensive player who is standing still • Shooting: Contacting a player's body while the player is in the process of shooting If the basket is made after being fouled the player is awarded one free throw If the player is fouled while attempting a three point shot he/she is awarded three free throws • Blocking: contacting a player in a way that stops the movement of the player with or without the ball • Pushing, Holding, or Tripping Scoring in a typical basketball game (different for PE)*: 3 Points: awarded after any basket outside the three-point arc during play 2 Points: awarded after any basket inside the three point arc during play* 1 Point: awarded after a free throw* Strategy: *Defenses can choose to play "person to person" defense, where each player has an assigned person to guard, OR they can play zone, in which player is responsible to defend a certain area of the court. Examples of zones include the 2-3, 1-3-1, and 2-1-2. *Much like Ultimate and Football, a key offensive strategy is good spacing. Never allow one defender to guard to both you and one of your teammates. *Don't try to master every shot; instead, find 1-2 areas of the court that you feel confident shooting; if you get the ball in that area, don't hesitate - square up to the rim and shoot.