Beckers World of the Cell: chapter 1a

16) In studying osteoporosis in humans, you wish to test a newly designed treatment for efficacy. Your best choice for a model organism would be A) Caenorhabditis elegans. B) Mus musculus. C) Pisum sativum. D) Arabidopsis thaliana. E) Escherichia coli.

B

8) Which of the following is smallest? A) mitochondrion B) protein C) ribosome D) bacterium E) virus

B

11) You wish to obtain a pure mitochondria sample from lysed cells. The best way to obtain this sample would be A) centrifugation. B) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. C) a garose gel electrophoresis. D) chromatography. E) both choices A and C

A

13) Which laws were formulated by Mendel? A) heredity B) gravity C) thermodynamics D) diffusion E) ideal gas laws

A

14) The steps of the scientific method, in the correct order, are: A) make observations, formulate the hypothesis, design experiments, collect data, interpret results, and draw conclusions. B) collect data, interpret results, test the hypothesis, make observations, and design experiments. C) collect data, interpret results, test the hypothesis, design experiments, make observations, and draw conclusions. D) design experiments, draw conclusions, collect data, interpret results, make observations, and test the hypothesis. E) none of the above

A

17) 1 mm = ________ nm A) 1 ,000,000 B) 1 /1,000,000 C) 1 000 D) 10 E) 1 /1000

A

20) Which type of microscopy has the greatest resolving power? A) electron B) phase-contrast C) confocal scanning D) fluorescence E) digital video

A

1) Which scientist is credited with coining the term cell from the Latin cellulae? A) Robert Hooke B) Robert Brown C) Theodor Schwann D) Matthias Schleiden E) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek

A (Robert Hooke)

6) Which of the following is closest to a micrometer in size? A) the length of a plant cell B) the size of a ribosome C) a typical bacterial cell D) the width of a strand of DNA E) the length of a chicken egg

C

9) Early microscopes did not allow clear visualization of cells because they were limited by A) refraction. B) number of kernels. C) resolution. D) magnification. E) both choices A and C

C

3) Which organelle is round and derives its name from the Latin word for "kernel"? A) lysosome B) Golgi complex C) nucleus D) chloroplast E) mitochondrion

C (nucleus)

10) The limit of resolution can best be defined as A) the solvent that must be available to remix a solution. B) the distance that an object must be moved to be distinguished from its background. C) the inverse of the wavelength of light; it is greatest for black light. D) the distance that two objects must be apart to be distinguished as separate objects. E) the magnification power of a microscope.

D

15) All of the following are model organisms, except A) Saccharomyces cerevisiae. B) Caenorhabditis elegans. C) Drosophila melanogaster. D) Homo sapiens. E) Arabidopsis thialana.

D

18) Which of the following is false of brightfield microscopy? A) Specimens usually must be fixed. B) Light passes through the object being examined. C) White light is utilized. D) Specimens are always viewed without being stained. E) Phase-contrast microscopy is a variant of brightfield microscopy.

D

4) Which of the following is not a tenet of the cell theory? A) The cell is the basic unit of structure for all organisms. B) All cells arise from preexisting cells. C) All organisms consist of one or more cells. D) All cells have a membrane-bound nucleus. E) none of the above

D

5) Which of the following is true of a nanometer? A) The nanometer is the most common measurement used in measuring whole cells. B) A nanometer is about the size of a common bacterial cell. C) A nanometer is one millionth of a meter. D) A nanometer is equivalent to 10 Angstroms (Å). E) none of the above

D

7) Cellbiology emerged from which of the following fields of biology? A) biochemistry B) genetics C) cytology D) all of the above E) none of the above

D

12) Gregor Mendel was most influential in which field of biology? A) biochemistry B) cytology C) bacterial transformation D) chromatography E) genetics

E

19) Which of the following is true of fluorescence microscopy? A) Fluorescence microscopy is best at viewing rounded, thicker specimens. B) Fluorescence microscopy presents images in three dimensions. C) Fluorescence microscopy is used to view dead specimens only. D) Fluorescence microscopy is able to overcome problems encountered with using confocal scanning microscopy. E) Fluorescent light is emitted throughout the specimen being viewed.

E

21) Which of the following can only be viewed by electron microscopy? A) nuclei B) frog eggs C) bacteria D) mitochondria E) viruses

E

2) In 1665, ________ used a microscope that he had built to examine thin slices of ________. While examining this material, he observed tiny compartments that he called cellulae. A) Rudolf Virchow; collagen B) Robert Hooke; cork C) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek; sperm cells D) Robert Brown; plant material E) Theodor Schwann; animal tissue

B (Robert Hooke examined corkcells)