Behavioral Management Ch 9-17

A simple way of expressing the term "synergy" is ____________.

2 + 2 = 5

Which of the following resistances to change is overt and immediate? - complaint - increased absenteeism - increased error - loss of loyalty - loss of motivation

complaint

Research indicates that leaders who model ________ help followers to understand the grown process for their own development.

humility

Some time ago a friend of Dr. Von's told him this story. He was sitting in a bar and after a few alcoholic beverages this woman put her arms around Dr. Von's friend and started rubbing his chest. Shortly thereafter Dr. Von's friend put his hand on her leg. The woman immediately said, "I'm not that kind of woman." Dr. Von's friend would most likely (based on one of Robbins' truths) _______________.

ignore her comments and continue his behavior

Organizations following a(n) ________ strategy try to both minimize risk and maximize opportunity for profit, moving into new products or new markets only after innovators have proven their viability.

imitation

Which of the following resistance to change is implicit? - complaint - resignation - strike - work slowdown - increased error

increased error

Cultures that tend to develop in large organizations to reflect common problems, situations, or experiences faced by groups of members in the same department or location are often called ________.

subcultures

On teams performing nonroutine activities, ________ conflicts stimulate discussion, promote critical assessment of problems and options, and can lead to better team decisions.

task

Leadership is best defined as ________.

the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals

Which of the following is not a message conveyed by material symbols? - the marketing strategy of the organization - appropriate risk-taking behavior - top management's egalitarianism - organizational hierarchy - appropriate authoritarian behavior

the marketing strategy of the organization

According to Robbins, the core of leadership involves ______________________.

trust

Which of the following statements best defines a work group? - A work group's performance is generally greater than the sum of its inputs from individual members. - A work group interacts primarily to share information, rather than to engage in work that requires joint effort. - A work group consists of 5 or more people who work collaboratively. - A work group is a group comprised of 10 or more people who belong to the same department. - A work group has a positive synergy and no active group dynamics, resulting in greater outputs.

A work group interacts primarily to share information, rather than to engage in work that requires joint effort

Which of the following would typically not decrease groupthink? Selected Answer: - Adding to group size. - Holding second chance meetings. - Utilizing external sources. - Encouraging critical evaluation. - Requiring member to first focus on the negative of a decision alternative.

Adding to group size.

Status symbols - remind organizational members of their roles. - provide a sense of identification with a group. - provide assurance of rewards available to those who perform well. - All of these. - None of these.

All of these

________ is good for achieving commitment to a solution.

An interacting group

Which of the following questions can aid in determining if someone is engaged in unethical politicking? - What would be the point of politicking? - Would politicking be worth the risk to the person? - How are others being affected by this alleged politicking? - Both What would be the point of politicking? and Would politicking be worth the risk to the person? - Both What would be the point of politicking? and How are others being affected by this alleged politicking?

Both What would be the point of politicking? and Would politicking be worth the risk to the person?

________ power is based on the fear of the negative results from failing to comply.

Coercive

________ is addressed by asking the question, "On what basis are jobs grouped together?"

Departmentalization

Which of the following statements is true regarding behavior in a group? - Deviant workplace behavior is likely to flourish where it's supported by group norms. - A recent study suggests those working in a group were less likely to lie, cheat, and steal than individuals working alone. - The low-status people in the group speak more often as compared to the high-status people. - Group norms do not press us toward conformity. - Conformity to social norms is higher in individualistic cultures as compared to that in collectivist cultures.

Deviant workplace behavior is likely to flourish where it's supported by group norms.

Which one of the following characteristics is not necessarily true about groups?

Groups are determined by the organization chart.

Which of the following statements is true regarding effectiveness of power tactics in different countries? - In Israel, perception of organizational politics relates to decreased job satisfaction. - United States managers tend to evaluate "gentle persuasion" tactics such as consultation and inspirational appeal as less effective than their Chinese counterparts. - Chinese managers prefer the influence tactic of rational persuasion. - People from politically turbulent countries in the Middle East tend to be less willing to use aggressive political tactics in the workplace, than people from countries such as Great Britain or Switzerland. - In countries that are more politically unstable, employees seem to demonstrate lower tolerance of intense political processes in the workplace.

In Israel, perception of organizational politics relates to decreased job satisfaction.

Which of the following statements is true regarding impression management (IM) techniques? - During interviews, applicants appear to use ingratiation more than self-promotion. - Ingratiation is negatively related to performance ratings. - Ingratiation works well in interviews. - Giving excuses is considered as an assertive IM technique. - Those who self-promote receive higher performance evaluations.

Ingratiation works well in interviews

Which of the following statements about the grapevine is true? - People rely on it when they feel secure. - It is slower than normal channels. - It provides employees with the majority of their on-the-job information. - It is about 85% accurate. - It is generally valid when discussing personnel decisions but not very reliable for operational issues.

It provides employees with the majority of their on-the-job information.

Who coined the term "boundaryless organization"?

Jack Welch

Which of the following components is been shown to not be a reliable predictor of leadership effectiveness? - Cultural fit - Conscientiousness - Charisma - Job experience - Intelligence

Job experience

Charismatic leaders are likely to surface in the following domains/times EXCEPT - When an organization is just starting out - Politics - Low degree of stress and certainty - Religion - War time

Low degree of stress and certainty

Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect of status on group interaction? - As compared to high-status members, lower-status members tend to participate in group discussions more actively. - Lower-status members state fewer commands than high status members. - Lower-status members speak more often as compared to high-status members. - Lower-status members tend to be more assertive group members as compared to high-status members. - Lower-status members interrupt others more often compared to high-status members.

Lower-status members state fewer commands than high status members.

Which of the following is true? - Women are less likely to ask clarification questions. - Men and women use similar linguistic styles. - Women are more likely to be self-promoting in meetings. - Men are more likely to boast about themselves than are women. - Men are more likely to share credit for success.

Men are more likely to boast about themselves than are women.

Which of the following statements is a condition necessary for integrative bargaining to succeed in organizations? - Opposing parties must not trust each other. - Opposing parties must not want to maintain flexibility. - Opposing parties must not be open to sharing information. - Opposing parties must not be sensitive to others' needs. - Opposing parties must not be guarded about their concerns.

Opposing parties must not be guarded about their concerns.

According to Robbins, which of the following is NOT a leadership myth? - Successful leaders have common traits. - Men make better leaders than women. - The essence of leadership is trust. - Leaders are born, not made. - Leadership always matters.

The essence of leadership is trust.

Which of the following would best serve as evidence to support the conclusion that an individual is an authentic leader? - In business exchanges, the leader puts the company's bottom line before his or her ideals. - The leader constantly questions his or her values. - The leader acts in the company's best interest as long as those interests don't conflict with his personal ambitions. - The leader inspires a great deal of trust in his or her followers. - The leader is cautious about information sharing and tends to provide updates only to top management.

The leader inspires a great deal of trust in his or her followers.

Why are management by exception leaders considered ineffective?

They tend to be available only when there is a problem.

Which of the following behaviors is NOT suggested if managers want to improve their listening skills? - Make eye contact - Restate what the speaker has said in your own words. - Avoid distracting actions or gestures. - When others talk about a problem, be prepared to offer a solution. - Exhibit affirmative head nods and appropriate facial expressions.

When others talk about a problem, be prepared to offer a solution.

Which of the following statements is true regarding size of teams? - As team size increases, social loafing decreases. - When teams have excess members, mutual accountability increases. - As team size increases, coordination problems tend to decrease. - When teams have excess members, cohesiveness declines. - Generally speaking, the most effective teams have twelve to fifteen members.

When teams have excess members, cohesiveness declines.

All the following are characteristics or qualities of charismatic leaders except _________________. - self-confidence - a high concern for excellent relationships with workers - a captivating and engaging voice tone - an ability to articulate an overarching vision - an ability to communicate high performance expectations

a high concern for excellent relationships with workers

A task that is subdivided into many separate jobs is considered to have ________.

a high degree of work specialization

Which of the following organizational factors encourages political behavior? - allowing significant time to pass between the time of an action and its appraisal - avoiding the zero-sum approach for resource allocation - use of objective criteria in the appraisal - ensuring role clarity - using multiple outcomes to measure performance

allowing significant time to pass between the time of an action and its appraisal

For many women, according to Robbins, the expression, "I'm sorry," is

an expression of care.

Effective teams begin their work by ________.

analyzing the team's mission

One way to prevent groupthink is to ___________________________

assign each member of the group the role of critical evaluator.

The president of a small Asian country was hailed as a visionary and a genius when the nation's economy burgeoned during his first term in office. However, when the currency and the stock markets crashed during his government's second term, he was criticized as arrogant, elitist, and shortsighted. This scenario reflects the ________ theory of leadership.

attribution

The right inherent in a managerial position to give orders and expect orders to be obeyed is termed ________.

authority

A Chinese manager is more likely to use which of the following techniques for conflict management? - avoiding - pressurizing - authoritative command - direct confrontation - competing tactics

avoiding

Which of the following conflict-handling intentions is unassertive and uncooperative? - competing - avoiding - compromising - accommodating - collaborating

avoiding

An organizational culture most likely to shape high ethical standards among its members is one that ________.

balances the rights of multiple stakeholders

It is often valuable in negotiations to ____________

begin with a small concession.

The current trend of decentralizing organizations makes culture ________.

both impossible to sustain and difficult to achieve

With reference to the communication process, the ________ is the medium through which the message travels.

channel

When a bank robber points a gun at a bank employee, his base of power is ________.

coercive

The ________ stage of the conflict process is important because it's where conflict issues tend to be defined.

cognition and personalization

Which of the following terms indicates the degree to which group members are attracted to one another and are motivated to stay in the group? - interdependence - integration - cohesiveness - sociability - reliability

cohesiveness

A strong culture should reduce employee turnover because it results in ________.

cohesiveness and organizational commitment

Which of the following conflict-handling intentions involves attempting to find a win-win solution? - competing - collaborating - compromising - accommodating - avoiding

collaborating

Aeronautics Inc., a parts supplier, has departments for government aircraft and contracts, large commercial aircraft clients, and small personal aircraft clients. This is an example of ________ departmentalization.

customer

The phrase "get the low hanging fruit" means ________. - deal with the easiest parts first - find followers who will support you - eliminate inconsistencies in communication style - eliminate communication difficulties - deal with the assumptions in communication

deal with the easiest parts first

In a negotiation process, which of the following activities is most likely to be included in the "preparation and planning" step? - justifying your original demands - designing procedures for implementing the agreement that has been worked out - determining where the negotiation will take place - exchange of the initial proposals or demands - determining your best alternative to a negotiated agreement

determining your best alternative to a negotiated agreement

Which of the following terms best represents voluntary actions that violate significant organizational norms and, in doing so, threatens the well-being of the organization or its members? - self-concordance - negativity offset - deviant workplace behavior - positivity offset - emotional contagion

deviant workplace behavior

A key factor to remember when negotiating is _______________________. - don't personalize differences - to empower your opponent - to not engage in scapegoating - don't make the first offer - be careful not to split differences

don't personalize differences

The University of Michigan studies define a(n) ________ leader as one who takes a personal interest in the needs of his/her subordinates.

employee-oriented

When engaging in upward communication an employee should not ________.

engage in a meandering discussion

Most of us follow our doctor's advice because our doctor has ________ power.

expert

According to research, which of the Big Five personality traits is the most important in effective leaders? - emotional stability - agreeableness - openness - conscientiousness - extraversion

extraversion

In a communication process, ________ is the check on how successful we have been in transferring our messages as originally intended.

feedback

The key recommendation for managers and organizations to help their employees who are experiencing work-life conflicts is provide them __________

flexibility

In a negotiation process, which of the following activities is most likely to be included in the "closure and implementation" step? - justifying your original demands - determining time constraints, if any, applicable to negotiation - exchange of the initial proposals or demands - determining your best alternative to a negotiated agreement - formalizing the agreement that has been worked out

formalizing the agreement that has been worked out

The following quote from Woody Allen's movie, Annie Hall, is a good example of _______. A couple was asked by their therapist how often they made love. "Hardly ever," said the man, "No more than three times a week." The woman, on the other hand, indicated, "Constantly, at least three times a week."

framing

An informal communication network in an organization is typically called the ________.

grapevine

Which one of the following is an informal source of information for job applicants joining an organization? - electronic communication - grapevine communication - nonverbal communication - vertical communication - horizontal communication

grapevine communication

According to the traditional view of conflict, conflict is ________.

harmful

The selection process helps sustain the organization's culture by ________.

hiring candidates who fit well within the organization

In terms of the full range of leadership model, which leader behavior is the least effective? - contingent reward - laissez-faire - management by exception (passive) - management by exception (active) - individualized consideration

laissez-faire

Fiedler labels the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in their leader as ________.

leader-member relations

The human resources (HR) department in the U.S. gained status and power in the mid- to late- 1960s because it was able to address a number of HR issues and reduce the uncertainties associated with Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. This is an example of _____.

making others dependent

Which of the following types of organizational designs combines two forms of departmentalization: functional and product? - virtual structure - bureaucracy - simple structure - team structure - matrix structure

matrix structure

During the socialization process, to work out any problems discovered during the encounter stage, the new member changes or goes through the ________ stage.

metamorphosis

Some studies suggest that ________ levels of task conflict in the early development stages ________ creativity in groups.

moderate; increases

According to research on groupthink, _____________________

moderately cohesive groups produce better decisions than high-cohesive groups.

According to Robbins, all of the following factors have contributed to work-life imbalance EXCEPT _____________. - enhanced communication technology permitting after-hours emails and messages - creation of global organizations - an "on-call" 24 hours a day work culture - firms asking workers to put in longer hours - none of the above

none of the above

Teams that are composed of people who score high on ________ are more creative and innovative.

openness to experience

Of the bases of power, research indicates that ________ power is most effective.

personal

Vivian has not been handling one portion of her duties in a satisfactory manner. As a result, her manager threatens to withhold her promotion. Which power tactic is being used by Vivian's manager?

pressure

When your work group disagrees, the disagreements usually concern how the group's work should be accomplished. The type of conflict experienced by your group is ________.

process conflict

If a leader's main concern is accomplishing his/her group's tasks, the University of Michigan studies label this leader ________.

production-oriented

According to Robbins, management by objectives, Theory Y management, matrix organizational designs, TQM (total quality management), self-management teams, benchmarking, and strategic alliances are all examples of ________.

quick fixes

James approaches his supervisor with data and a logical presentation supporting his request for additional personnel. Which of the following power tactics is used by James? - exchange - rational persuasion - consultation - inspirational appeal - legitimacy

rational persuasion

Work specialization contributes to higher employee productivity-but at the price of ________.

reduced job satisfaction

Your immediate supervisor is a nice person. He helps you solve your problems and gives valuable advice. You admire your supervisor and aspire to become like him. The power that your supervisor possesses over you is known as ________ power.

referent

You are a marketing director for a large food manufacturer. Lately, you have noticed that you are spending a great deal more time at work, sometimes 14 hours a day, because your best friend, who is head of product development, continues to ask you to serve on taste test panels for new products. Which type(s) of conflict are you experiencing?

relationship

The evidence indicates that while _____________ conflicts are almost always dysfunctional, low levels of ___________conflict and ___________ conflict are often functional.

relationship; process; task

You are likely to select nominal group technique over brainstorming because ________.

research generally shows nominal groups outperform brainstorming groups

"What we believe about ourselves often comes true because we expect it to come true." This is the definition of (a) ________________.

self-fulfilling prophecy

Matthew is a new divisional manager. In reorganizing his division, he must make some decisions regarding the span of control for management within his division. The question of span of control determines ________.

the number of levels and managers an organization has

Bobbie Joe's team has information that Billie Jean's team needs but Bobbie Joe's team won't provide it because they are upset about how the other team took create for one of their projects in the past. Billie Jean's team has some extra resources that Bobbie Joe's team needs but can't requisition but they won't share them since Bobbie Joe's team won't give up the information. It looks like these teams may fail because

the two teams are failing to cooperate with each other.

Work should be performed by an individual if ________.

the work is simple and does not require diverse input

All of the following are consequences of a relationship of trust between supervisors and employees, except that ________. - company bottom lines are positively influenced by trust - trust facilitates information sharing - trust discourages taking risks - trust enhances productivity - trusting groups are more effective

trust discourages taking risks

The lack of frequent face-to-face contact in ________ organizations makes establishing a common set of norms very difficult.

virtual

A ________ is consistent with recent efforts by companies to reduce costs, cut overhead, speed up decision making, increase flexibility, get closer to customers, and empower employees.

wider span of control

Laski United is a rock group that has been around for 5 years and has just had their first #1 hit. This band would be best described as a ________.

work team

All of the following are high in channel richness except ________. - words - writing - gestures - postures - smiles

writing

When ________ communication is used for transferring a message, the message becomes tangible and verifiable and it can be stored for an indefinite period.

written

Which of the following is the first step in the Kotter's eight-step plan for implementing change? - Plan for, create, and reward short-term "wins" that move the organization toward the new vision. - Form a coalition with enough power to lead the change. - Create a new vision to direct the change and strategies for achieving the vision. - Communicate the vision throughout the organization. - Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed.

Establish a sense of urgency by creating a compelling reason for why change is needed.

Both victims and survivors of organization downsizing experience many of the same feelings. Which of the following is not one of those feelings? - Frustration - Anxiety - Loss - Guilty conscience - All of the above

Guilty conscience

High levels of turnover can be functional. Which of the following is NOT a reason? - It can keep labor costs down. - It increases promotional opportunities. - It promotes higher productivity from those not terminated. - It can increase functional conflict. - It can remove low producers.

It promotes higher productivity from those not terminated.

________ is the key concept that underlies all bureaucracies.

Standardization

As an innovation consultant you work with a number of firms. Better Mousetraps builds inexpensive but sophisticated mousetraps. They have very capable designers and engineers who are highly motivated by a personal desire to rid the world of mice, yet innovation is low. The CEO asks you to conduct some creativity training. You lead the key designers through a process for coming up with new ideas by joining bits and pieces of other ideas in a new way combining all the pieces. Along with the training you interview the designers and engineers and discover that they are not clear on what the CEO wants. You also find they perceive a corporate bias towards the status quo, not an encouragement to innovate. Your interviews of employees have uncovered a weakness related to which of the following? - The motivation to innovate - Organizational structure - The use of productive forgetting - The resources to innovate - Helping designers to understand complexities

The motivation to innovate

Resistance to change can be positive because it _______________________.

can be a source of functional conflict

Each of the following is most likely to result in the changing nature of the workforce except ________. - demographic changes - outsourcing - multicultural environment - immigration - changing literacy levels

changing literacy levels

The application of direct threats or force upon resisters is called ________.

coercion

Which of the following options does not constitute an underlying value in organizational development efforts? - participation - confrontation - respect for people - coercion - trust and support

coercion

Which of the following steps of the appreciative inquiry attempts to identify what people think are the organization's strengths? - dreaming - discovery - destiny - collaboration - inferring

discovery

Alcoa headquarters has few individual offices, even for senior executives. The space is essentially made up of cubicles, common areas, and meeting rooms. This informality conveys to employees that Alcoa values ________.

equality

Don't overlook the importance of __________________________________ when looking for creative employees. According to Robbins, it is the foundation of all creative work.

expertise

Which of the following characteristics is not attributed to idea champions? - high self-confidence - high resistance - high persistence - high energy - high risk-taking ability

high resistance

Robbins indicated that most organizations have built-in mechanisms to produce _____

stability

Which of the following OD techniques involves changing groups' attitudes, stereotypes, and perceptions about each other? - appreciative inquiry - survey feedback - intergroup development - process consultation - team building

intergroup development

Which of the following types of jobs is least likely to create stress and reduce satisfaction? - jobs that make multiple and conflicting demands - jobs that lack clarity about the incumbent's duties - jobs that provide a low level of variety - jobs that provide a high level of feedback - jobs that provide the incumbents less control over the pace of their work

jobs that provide a high level of feedback

Which tactic to overcome resistance to change is a relatively inexpensive way to gain the support of adversaries, but may backfire if the targets become aware of the tactic? - manipulation - negotiation - arbitration - coercion - conciliation

manipulation

Robbins indicated that one of the best ways to reduce resistance to change is to _______________

use participation

An organizations culture develops over time and is rooted in ________ to which employees are strongly committed.

values

Phyllis works for a corporation that recently fired three top managers who were caught using the company credit cards to lavishly furnish their offices and even purchase "office" furniture that was found in their personal homes. Which method of maintaining an ethical culture is Phyllis's company pursuing?

visibly punishing unethical acts