BIG FAT SCIENCE QUIZLET (Copy)

What kinds of clouds form at warm fronts?

(Many, such as) (low) stratus, (midlevel) altocumulus, altostratus, (high) cirrus, cirrocumulus, cirrostratus, nimbostratus, (and) cumulonimbus

( | ) What does the above cloud cover symbol represent on a weather station model?

1/10 cover

What does a half filled circle represent for cloud cover on a weather station model?

1/2 cloud cover

What does a quarter filled circle represent for cloud cover on a weather station model?

1/4 cloud cover

What is Earth's axial tilt?

23.5 degrees to the left

What does a quarter empty circle represent for cloud cover on a weather station model?

3/4 cloud cover

What does a quarter filled circle with a vertical line going through the center represent for cloud cover on a weather station model?

4/10 cloud cover

What does a half filled circle with a horizontal line going through the center represent for cloud cover on a weather station model?

6/10 cloud cover

What does a full circle with an empty, vertical, white stripe in the center represent for cloud cover on a weather station model?

9/10 cloud cover

( ) What does the above cloud cover symbol represent on a weather station model?

A clear sky

What conditions are necessary for cloud formation?

A low pressure system, (as well as) warm wind near the ground that rises and cools, causing the water vapor to form

What is a jet stream?

A rapidly flowing current of air

What causes changes in weather? *

Air masses move and meet.

___ ________ decreases with altitude

Air pressure

Winds swirl counterclockwise in the south (high pressure system)

Anticyclonic flow

What are the qualities of the exosphere (exopause)?

Atoms & molecules escape into space / satellites orbit the earth

The air mass over Naperville IL contains dry and colder air. This air mass most likely comes from...

Canada

What is a way to remember the "pause" graph we did in science?

Carl Azuz's hair

What kind of weather is associated with cold fronts?

Clouds along the front, stormy weather that can turn severe

In what part of the water cycle do clouds form? *

Condensation

How do we convert air pressure readings?

Convert them to sea level altitude

Jet streams have troughs. What weather is associated with them?

Cooler temperatures, clouds, and frequent precipitation from storms.

What kinds of clouds form at cold fronts?

Cumulus, cumulonimbus, nimbostratus, stratocumulus, and stratus

What does the word part "cirrus" translate to? (Think back to the "cloud types" document)

Curl of hair

Winds swirl clockwise in the south (low pressure system)

Cyclonic flow

On a weather station model, what does the ' represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Drizzle

What kind of weather would an anticyclone likely bring?

Dry and clear

Explain the "pauses" in the layers of the atmosphere.

Each of the layers are bounded by "pauses" where the greatest changes in thermal characteristics, chemical composition, movement, and density occur.

What is the Coriolis Effect?

Earth's rotation makes global winds curve

What are the qualities of the troposphere (tropopause)?

Earth's surface / weather

On a weather station model, what does the = represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Fog

What are the qualities of the stratosphere (stratopause)?

Formation of ozone

On a weather station model, what does the backwards ~ with a black dot under the right loop represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Freezing rain

On a weather station model, what does the triangle represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Hail

On a weather station model, what do the two horizontally pointing ovals represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Haze

What does the word part "cumulus" translate to? (Think back to the "cloud types" document)

Heap

Which of the following is NOT an atmospheric condition that can affect weather? *

Heat index and wind chill

What does the word part "alto" translate to? (Think back to the "cloud types" document)

Height, upper air

What kind of atmospheric pressure typically has anticyclones?

High atmospheric pressure

Cool air, high pressure at the center, winds blow away from center, air from atmosphere sinks down to fill center

High pressure system

What are the units for air pressure readings? (2)

Inches of Mercury Millibars (mb)

How can air pressure be decreased?

Increase in altitude (= decrease in molecules = decrease in pressure)

How can air pressure be increased? (2 ways)

Increase in molecules (= increase in pressure) Addition of heat (= increase in velocity = increase in pressure)

What kind of weather does a nimbostratus cloud produce?

It produces rain, but it evaporates before hitting the ground (again, this is from Google and Wikipedia)

How are jet streams created?

Jet streams are created by Earth being heated unequally.

How do meteorologists use jet streams to predict the weather?

Jet streams create troughs and ridges for cold and warm air, showing where an area has each temperature of air.

What does the word part "stratus" translate to? (Think back to the "cloud types" document)

Layer

What kind of weather is associated with a warm front?

Layered clouds, overcast skies, steady precipitation that could get out of hand in ways depending on the season (e.g.: blizzard)

Warm air, low pressure at the center, wind blows towards the center and air rises, water vapor condenses to form clouds

Low pressure system

What kind of weather does a stratocumulus cloud produce?

No precipitation Indicates future rain, storms, or worse weather

What kind of weather does an altocumulus cloud produce?

No precipitation Signals future thunderstorms

What kind of weather does a cirrostratus cloud produce?

No precipitation Signals the approach of a warm front

What does an empty circle with a large "x" running through it represent for cloud cover on a weather station model?

Obstructed view (Obstructed view: An obstructed view is when the observer, for some reason, could not see the sky, such as if a building were blocking part of the sky, or at nighttime, where much of the cloud cover is obscured by the darkness.)

What does a full circle represent for cloud cover on a weather station model?

Overcast sky

On a weather station model, what does the black dot represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Rain

What does the word part "nimbus" translate to? (Think back to the "cloud types" document)

Rain

What kind of weather does a cirrocumulus cloud produce?

Rain (in about 10 hours) (that's according to the Google box, so basically Wikipedia)

What kind of weather does an altostratus cloud produce?

Rain is possible

On a weather station model, what does the black dot with an upside down triangle underneath represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Rain showers

Explain why hotter air rises in the atmosphere. *

Since the warmer air mass is less dense than the air above it, the warmer air mass rises.

On a weather station model, what does the triangle *with a black dot in the center* represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Sleet

On a weather station model, what does the wavy line represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Smog (Smog: fog combined with atmospheric pollutants)

On a weather station model, what does * represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Snow

On a weather station model, what does the * with an upside down triangle underneath represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Snow showers

What kind of clouds are associated with a stationary front?

Stratus, nimbostratus

What kind of weather is associated with an occluded front?

Stratus, nimbostratus, "towering" cumulus & cumulonimbus

Explain Earth's tilt. *

The Earth's Northern Hemisphere tilts toward the Sun in June and tilts away from the Sun in December.

The energy that drives weather on Earth comes from... *

The Sun

In electric ovens, the heat in the oven comes from the bottom when baking something. However, cookies baking on the top shelf bake faster than cookies on the bottom shelf, even though the bottom shelf is closer to the heat source. Use what you know about heat and air to explain why this happens. *

The air at the bottom of the oven becomes less dense than the air at the top of the oven and rises. The hotter air stays at the top of the oven, and so it transfers more energy to the cookies on the top shelf.

Give the most important reason why temperatures are typically colder as you move farther away from the equator. *

The angle at which light hits the Earth affects the intensity of light energy, and therefore, temperature.

What is a front?

The boundary between a cold and warm air mass

Cool air is blowing from Minneapolis to Chicago where the air is warmer. When the air from Minneapolis reaches Chicago clouds begin to appear. If there is no increase in the amount of water vapor in the air as it moves what could explain why the clouds appear in the air in Chicago?

The cool air pushed the warm air upward, which caused the warm air to cool, condense, and form clouds.

How do clouds form at cold fronts?

The heavy cold air pushes into a warm mass of air, pushing it all up to form large and bulky clouds.

Why should I even care about jet streams?

The jet stream shows the extreme changes in weather across a country or part of a continent. Meteorologists use the jet stream to help predict weather.

Why does the equator experience about the same temperatures year-round? *

The sun's rays strike the equator at about the same angle all year.

What is the cause of changing seasons?

The tilt of Earth's axis.

Which of the factors below most influence seasons? *

The tilt of the Earth

Where is "temperature" located on a weather station model?

The top left

Where is "precipitation" located on a weather station model?

The very center left

How do prevailing winds that travel across large bodies of water affect the climate?

They make the climate wetter.

How do winds behave in a cyclone?

They spiral toward the center.

What are the qualities of the mesosphere (mesopause)?

Thick gases / slow down meteors

On a weather station model, what does the vertical line topped with a jagged arrow going downwards represent in the category "precipitation type"?

Thunderstorms

What is the purpose of isobars?

To connect points of equal air pressure on a weather map.

What is the order of the layers of the atmosphere (from Earth going upwards)?

Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere, Thermosphere, Exosphere

What are the qualities of the thermosphere (thermopause)?

Ultraviolet & x-ray radiation from sun is absorbed

What kind of weather does a cumulonimbus cloud produce?

Very intense precipitation

How do clouds form at warm fronts?

Warm air slides above cold air, which then rises and the water vapor thins and condenses to form clouds

Jet streams have ridges. What weather is associated with them?

Warmer temperatures and fair weather conditions.

What is a cloud made of? *

Water droplets.

The conditions of an area including temperature, precipitation and pressure over a short period of time are best described as...

Weather.

What does "obstructed view" mean for cloud cover on a weather station model?

When the observer, for some reason, could not see the sky, such as if a building were blocking part of the sky, or at nighttime, where much of the cloud cover is obscured by the darkness

What is an air mass?

a large body of air with the same properties as the Earth's surface. It develops and has the same density and moisture content.

Explain Bernoulli's Principle.

a scientific explanation that fluids, such as air and water, flow from areas of high pressure to low pressure. (e.g.: soda traveling up a straw, airplane flight, our convection box lab)

Change in pressure is caused by...

changes in air density & air density is related to temperature.

Where are cirrus clouds generally located in the atmosphere?

high

Where are cumulus clouds generally located in the atmosphere?

low

Where are nimbus clouds generally located in the atmosphere?

low

Where are stratus clouds generally located in the atmosphere?

low

Where are alto clouds generally located in the atmosphere?

medium