Bio 101 Module 8
Tapeworms belong to the ________ phylum
flatworm
Tunicates are mobile as adults
False
For periods of hominid history, more than 1 species of hominid lived simultaneously.
True
Protosomes and deuterostomes all have a coelum.
True
Some chordates are invertebrates.
True
Some fish have lungs.
True
Lucy was a
australopithecine
The earliest hominids were
australopithecines
In mollusks, the radula is used for
feeding
In insects the larval stage specializes in ____________ whereas the adult stage specializes in ___________
feeding, breeding
Tunicates and lancelets make their living as
filter feeders
What vertebrate groups is the most diverse?
fish
In vertebrates, the vertebrae become the main element that give the animal structure rather than the _________.
notochord
The different major groups within kingdoms are called
phyla
What are some diseases caused by roundworms?
pinworm, hookworm, trichinosis, elephantiasis
The 3 groups of mammals are
placental, marsupial, monotremes
The placoderms are
an extinct group of armored fish
What structures do fish use for respiration?
gills
Which of the following is NOT a crustacean?
horseshoe crab
Which of the following does NOT show some cephalization?
hydra
What is the system by which echinoderms move?
hydraulic
What are the 2 main groups of jawless fish alive today?
lampreys, hagfish
Name 2 invertebrate chordates
lancelets, tunicates
Amphibians evolved from
lobe-finned fish
How would the "Out of Africa" hypothesis explain different human races?
races came from Homo sapiens populations that migrated from Africa and settled in different regions and became locally adapted and may have eliminated the Homo erectus populations that lived there
What is a feature of adult echinoderms that is similar to more primitive groups?
radial symmetry
Animals without a nervous system
sponges
Jaws evolved from
supports for gill slits
Mammals diversified about 65 million years ago after ________.
the extinction of the dinosaurs
How many pairs of legs do insects typically have?
three
Mollusks are the
2nd largest
Neanderthals became extinct about ________ years ago.
30,000
Australopithecines appeared about
4 mya
Australopithecine fossils are found in
Africa
The genus Homo originated in
Africa
What is the largest animal phylum in terms of number of species?
Arthropods
Which of the following species came first in hominid phylogeny?
Homo habilis
Which of the following is NOT an echinoderm?
barnacle
What are 4 features that form a unique combination in humans?
bipedal, large brain, tool use, complex language
Which feature of hominids was first to evolve?
bipedalism
Clams and oysters belong to what mollusk group?
bivalves
What are some flatworms that are parasitic?
blood flukes, tapeworms
Which of the following is NOT an annelid?
centipede
What is our closest living relative?
chimps
The animal group with medusa and polyp stages
cnidarians
All the animals without an anus
cnidarians and flatworms
The differences between protostomes and deuterostomes has to do with differences in ___________________ and how the ___________ is formed.
embryonic development, mouth
What is the advantage of segmentation?
flexibility, movement
What are 3 main subgroups of amphibians?
frogs and toads, salamanders, caecilians
The characteristics that distinguish mammals from other vertebrates are
hair and mammary glands
What complications for growth result from having an exoskeleton?
have to shed your skeleton to grow leaving you vulnerable
Identify the main body segments of an insect
head, thorax, abdomen
Animals with nematocysts are
jelly fish
What are 2 adaptations that have contributed to the success of arthropods.
jointed appendages, exoskeleton, segmentation, well developed nervous and sensory system, larva-adult
The feature that is different is monotremes is that they _______
lay eggs
Centipedes and millipedes differ in their number of _______ and how they ________?
legs, feed (millipedes are herbivores and centipedes are carnivores)
What does it mean for a parasitic animal to have a complex life cycle?
live in several different host animal species
Cephalization refers to
location of nervous tissue
What vertebrate groups have amniote eggs?
mammals, birds, reptiles
Which of the following is NOT an arachnid?
millipedes
What are 3 terms that in combination distinguish animals from the other kingdoms?
mobile, multicellular, heterotrophs
How would the multiregionalism hypothesis explain modern races of humans?
modern races evolved from local Homo erectus populations living in different regions that became Homo sapiens
A mantle is found in what group?
mollusks
These animals are extremely abundant in the soil
nematodes
Which of the following is NOT a protostome?
sand dollar
What are 2 of the adaptations that allow reptiles to colonize dry habitats?
scaly skin, breathe with lungs, lay eggs on land, internal fertilization
Name 2 different groups of cartilaginous fish.
sharks and rays
Which of the following mollusks does NOT have a shell?
slugs
The coelum is associated with
the body cavity
Most of the crustaceans live in
the ocean
Besides using their skin as a body covering, what else do amphibians use their skin for?
they breathe through their skin
Which of the following is an extinct arthropod group?
trilobites
What are 2 of the main groups of present-day reptiles?
turtles, crocodiles, snakes, lizards
Which of the following is NOT a feature common to all chordates?
vertebrae